The distribution of the cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) in Montana
by Delano A Hanzel
A THESIS Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Master of Science in Fish and Wildlife Management
Montana State University
© Copyright by Delano A Hanzel (1959)
Abstract:
The distribution of cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) and the factors affecting it were investigated during
the summers of 1957 and 1958. Distribution records were obtained from the following sources: 100
streams surveyed, east of the Continental Divide; 219 records from fisheries biologists and 769 from
creel census returns (Montana Fish and Game Department); 35 records from the Montana State College
collection. Fifty-five (75 percent) of the streams surveyed had only cutthroat trout above barriers. The
important barriers were natural falls, high gradient areas, and beaver dams. "Wherever rainbow
and/or-eastern brook trout were present in association with cutthroat trout they were predominant.
Cutthroat trout are presently restricted to the headwaters of streams which originally were entirely
inhabited by them. Taxonomic determinations, were based upon the examination of 345 cutthroat trout
(126 from streams that had never been stocked with rainbow trout), 54 rainbow; trout and 88 rainbow
X cutthroat trout. Satisfactory separation for fish over 4.0 inches , in total length was achieved.
Individual distribution records of cutthroat trout from 699 streams and 244 lakes were listed. They
were predominant (only game fish present or ranked first in relation to other game fish) in 253 (38
percent) streams and l42 (58 percent) lakes. HHE DISTRIBUTION
OF THE CUTTHROAT TROUT
(SAEiMO CLARKI) IN MONTANA
DELANO A. HANZEL
Submitted to the Graduate Faculty
partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
Master of Science in Fish and Wildlife Management
Montana State College
Approved8
Head, Maj oW Department’
Chai^An, Examining Committee
Dean, Graduate/DiVision
Bozeman,.Montana
1»
THE AUTHOR
,
Delano A, Hanzel was born on March 2 0 1935 in Belt, Montana and
graduated from Belt Valley High School in 1953» He entered Montana
State College in 1953 and received a Bachelor of Science degree in Fish
and Wildlife Management in June, 1957» During the summer months of
1952 - 1956, he was employed by the Montana Fish and Game Department as
a student assistant» He was married to the former Betty L» Hill in 1958„
He began graduate studies at Montana State College in September 1957«
This thesis fulfills part of the requirements for his Master of Science
degree in Fish and Wildlife Management at Montana State College, Bozeman,
Montana.
13S433
"*2*"
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT o o p p p e n i i p p p
9
9
P
3
9
h
INTRODUCTION .................
DESCRIPTION OF THE STEJDI AREA
9
FIELD SURVEY METHODS . . . . . .
FIELD SURVEY RESULTS
.
II
TAIONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS . . .
Ih
CUTTHROAT TROUT DISTRIBUTION .
AreapN o 8 I (Northwst) records
.
6 9 6 ' B,
27
Area No« 2 (West central) records
37
Area No* 3 (Central) r e c o r d s ........ '
.
Area No, It (Southwest) records
Area No, ^ (South) records
SUMMARY
p
Literaojhe
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cited
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57
ABSTRACT
The distribution'of cutthroat:trout (Salmo clarkl) and the factors
affecting it were investigated during the summers of 1957 and 1958, Dis­
tribution records were obtained f rom.t h e .following sources;, .100 .streams
surveyed, east, of',the Continental Divide $ ,219 records from fisheries
.biologists and 769 from creel census returns (Montana Fish, and Game
Department); 3.5 records from, the Montana State College collection. Fiftyfive (?5 percent) of the streams surveyed had only cutthroat trout above
barriers. The important barriers were natural falls, high gradient areas,
and beaver dams. "Wherever rainbow and/or-eastern brook trout w ere■present
in association with cutthroat trout they were predominant. Cutthroat
trout are presently restricted to the headwaters of streams which origin­
ally were entirely inhabited by them. Taxonomic determinations, were
based upon the examination of 3^5 cutthroat trout (126 from streams that
had never been stocked with rainbow trout),
rainbow; trout and 88 rain­
bow X cutthroat trout. Satisfactory separation for fish over I4.O inches ,
in total length was achieved.
Individual distribution records of cut­
throat trout from 699 streams and 2hh lakes were listed'. They were pre­
dominant (only game fish present or ranked first in relation to other
game fish) in 253 (38 percent) streams and llt.2 (58 percent) lakes.
—-I].—
INTRODUCTION
The cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) originally inhabited all the
waters of Montana in and adjacent to the mountains except for a consider­
able number of small isolated virgin lakes.
Other native game species
which shared this range were the grayling (Thymallus arcticus) and the
mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsonj) on the eastern slopes of the
Continental Divide with the dolly varden (Salvelinus alpInus) and the
mountain whitefish on the western slopes.
present (Table l ) .
Other native:fishes were also
'
Jordan (1889) reported that cutthroat trout were abundant in the
upper Yellowstone River drainage.
Evermann and Cox (I89I4) stated that the
cutthroat trout attracted a large number of anglers in the upper waters of
the Missouri River Basin and although the supply was large it had begun to
diminish.
This decline was attributed to fishing pressure and increased
water and land use.
Evermann (1893)" reported an abundance of cutthroat
trout on the western slopes of the Rocky Mountains.
There is evidence to
show that cutthroat trout were abundant in the mountainous areas of Mon­
tana, however, this species was probably no more abundant than grayling
and mountain whitefish in. many streams.
While exotic trout have been introduced Into all the major drainages
originally occupied b y cutthroat trout, a few small tributaries still re­
main unmolested.
Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was first introduced in
1891 and has been most extensively stocked since' that time.
Brown trout •
(Salmo trutta) was originally introduced in 1891 and has become the pre-
Table 1»
list of the fishes associated with cutthroat trout (Salmo
clarki) in Montana.
Distri- .
bution IJ
Species
Game
Grayling
Kokanee salmon
Brown trout
Rainbow1trout
Eastern brook trout
Dolly varden trout
Rygmy whitefish
Mountain whitefish
Others
Common white sucker
Eastern longnose
sucker
Columbia largescaled
sucker
Mountain sucker
Carp
Longnose dace
Columbia River chub
Squawfish
Redside shiner
Black bullhead
Burbot
Pumpkinseed
Yellow perch
Northern sculpin
Slimy sculpin
Torrent sculpin
Thymallus arcticus
Onchorhynchus nerka
Salmo trutta
Salmo. gairdneri
Salveiinus fontinalis
.Salvelinus alpinus
Prosopium coulter!
Prosopium williamsoni
W
EM
Catostomus eommersoni
E
Catostomus catostomus ■
E
Origin E/
N
I
: I
.I
I
N
■N
N
E
EM
EM
EM
■
Catostomus macrocheilus . ¥
E
Pantosteus platyrhynchus
Cyprinus carpio
EM
EM
Rhinichthys oataractae
Mylocheilus caurinus
¥
¥.
Ptychocheilus oregbnense
¥
Gila balteata
E.
Ictalurus melas
EM
Lota lota
¥
Lepomis gibbosus
Perea flavescens
EM 1
W
Cqttus bairdi
¥ .
Cottus cognatus.
¥
Cottus rhotheus
N
■ N
N
I
N
N
N
N
I
N
I
I
N
N
N
i/ E - east Continental Dividej W - west Continental Divide| EM - both
sides of Divide.
S/ N - native 5 I - introduced.
r
5/ St. Mary’s Drainage, east Continental Divide.
,
V"
.
’
dominant species in the Talley streams of the cutthroat trout range.
Eastern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) was introduced in l 8pb and
now occupies many of the small valley brooks and mountain headwater.creeks
as well as a considerable number of mountain lakes.
These exotic species .
have gradually replaced the cutthroat trout in the lower parts of its
original range.
The native strains of cutthroat trout are now limited to
a few remote areas of the State.
Hybrids between rainbow and cutthroat trout have appeared in practi­
cally all drainages where rainbow trout were introduced.
These hybrids
are numerous in most places which makes identification of the cutthroat
trout and the determination of its present range extremely difficult.
The
effects of hybridization on the future of the cutthroat trout are not
known.
This study of cutthroat trout has two primary objectivess to de­
termine the distribution and abundance of pure cutthroat trout stocks? and
to secure information on influencing factors.
In addition, observations
were made on taxonomic differences between the various native strains of
cutthroat trout and on the prevalence of hybrids.
This study may prove
useful in future management of these species.
Time did not permit the writer to determine the complete range of the
cutthroat trout for the whole State.
east of the Continental Divide.
Investigations were concentrated
However, all the available information on
this species in Montana has been reviewed and included.
Field collections
were made and surveys conducted during the summers of 1957 and 1958 (June
to September).
'
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■
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'
The writer extends thanks to the following persons and organizations
for their assistance during the study.
Dr. G . J. D. Brown gave technical
supervision and aided in the preparation of this manuscript.
Nels A.
Thoreson suggested,the problem,and rendered valuable field assistance 5
other Montana Fish and Game Department personnel aided in collecting
Edward Nevala 5 Quenton Stober
specimens and furnished distribution data.
and James Galkins assisted in the stream surveys.
Service supplied maps.
The U. S. Forest
The Montana Fish and Game Department financed the
field work under Federal Aid to Fisheries Restoration Project F-^-R.
DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA
The present distribution of the cutthroat trouta east of the Conti­
nental Divide in Montana 5 is confined to parts of most major primary
tributary drainages; in the Missouri River from Three Forks to the mouth
of the Musselshell River 5 and in the Yellowstone River from the Wyoming
boundary to the mouth of the Big Horn River.
This species is rarely found
in the main stem of the Missouri River 5 however, it does occur frequently
in the Yellowstone River for a distance of about
90
miles down stream from
Yellowstone National Park.
The' major primary streams of these two large rivers have vast net-
•
works of secondary and tertiary tributaries draining the east slope of the
Rocky Mountains in Montana.
Remnants, of pure cutthroat trout are mostly
confined to the small headwater streams.
These drains steep mountain
slopes, which are generally covered by coniferous forests; mountain
valleys where grasses, sedges and willows ,predominate; valleys at low
-8elevations characterized "by sagebrush and bunchgrass.
"These streams are
£ - 20
feet in width (av, approx,
depths usually less than two feet,
9
feet) and have
They originate at elevations from
6 5OOO to 8,000 feet above' sea level.
The lowest elevation at .which cut­
throat trout were collected in streams was ij.<,S>00 feet, however, a few
specimens were taken in ponds and reservoirs at lower elevations.
Esti­
mated gradients of streams presently occupied b y cutthroat trout were
usually from ^O to 25>0 feet per mile, but there were extensive stretches
of cascades and falls where gradients were "higher-.
Summer stream ve­
locities of I - 3 feet per second were characteristic of riffle areas.
Ve­
locities taken during early spring run-off in the more precipitous areas
were approximately double those of summer.
Beaver dams occur frequently
on the streams and have a ’tempering effect on the velocities.
In general,
bottom materials (based on visual estimates) were composed of about 10 per­
cent boulders, 13 percent rubble,
and detritus.
60 percent gravel and 15 percent sand
Exceptions to the general composition were in areas of
beaver activity and mining dumps where silt became a major component.
Summer water temperatures (June 20 to Sept, 2It) varied from ItS to 6S°
E. and the total alkalinity (methyl orange) range was 13,S - 22? ppm.
The
principal stream bottom organisms were stoneflies (Plecoptera), caddisflies
(Trichoptera) and mayflies (Ephemeroptera).
Algae were common but vascular
water plants were rare.
Mining, logging, and livestock are the major industries found in the
area of cutthroat trout distribution.
U. S. Forest Service and other
access roads are present in some forest areas, however, about 75 percent
of the cutthroat trout streams are still inaccessible by road „
FIELD SURVEY METHODS ■■ '
The lack of roads along mountain streams made the use of an. electric
fish shocker impractical»
Most collections were made by angling or by
using eresol, however, other fish toxicants and dynamite were employed to
a limited extent,
An attempt was made to test the effectiveness of sampling by angling„
Six miles of a stream were selected which had an approximate average width
of nine feet, a depth of eight inches and a velocity of two feet per
secondo
The stream was then divided into six 1-mile,sections=
A 300 foot
portion of each mile section, selected in favorable -trout habitat,• was
shocked ( H O volt A.C.),
The fish recovered were counted and returned to
the area in which they were taken« Each one mile section was then fished
using flies (wet and dry),
mately two hours of fishing.
A distance of one mile was covered in approxi­
While the number of fish taken b y angling
was considerably less than by shocking, angling appeared adequate to show
the'range and relative abundance of trout (Table 2).
In actual practice, the length of streams fished ranged, from 3 ’^ 8'
miles a
Usually two fishermen sampled alternate parts of a stream from
lower to higher elevations.
Success was generally good, possibly because
of low fishing pressures in these areas.' Angling was considered sufficently .successful to determine the range and relative abundance of trout
in 80 of the 100 streams surveyed.
Relative .abundance estimates were
probably more accurate on .small streams where fishing was more intense. ,
-10Table 2«
Sections
Angling and shocking' success on test stream.
. Shocking.
C p e r J O O t)
.Angling
(per mile)
No. Fish
No. Fish
Species of trout
I
Cutthroat trout
U8
22
2
Cutthroat trout
36
Ih
3 I/
Eastern brook trout
Cutthroat trout
Rainbow trout
■
98
#
•I
2k
6
0
sa
17
. ,h
2
0
U
5
6
Eastern brook trout
Cutthroat trout , „
Rainbow trout
. Rainbow trout .
•Eastern brook trout
Eastern brook trout
Rainbow trout
Cutthroat trout
2
26
;
:
■ 11
8
W 2/
18
.6
8
I
5
.0
3/ Bainbow x cutthroat hybrids were presents but at this early date of
the investigation no definite identification was made.
&/ Twenty-nine of these were less than 3 inches in length.
Oresol was used where angling success was low.
An estimate of the
stream volume was made by using .a^-veldci-ty-vhead. irodv ’
Gresol was applied-
at the rate of one gallon per four cfs for each 100 yards of the stream
(Wilkins, 1955),
Cresol was spread over the upper half of the sample
area when velocities were less than one foot per second.
When velocities
were greater, it was applied in a narrow band across the stream, usually
“XXat the head of a pooX„
Incapacitation of trout and seuXpins in the
faster streams was aXmost immediate after appiication and the effect was
onXy momentary.
from I? -
In the sXower streams the incapacitation time varied
8 minutes and recovery from £ - 20 minutes» AXX sizes of fishes
were affected b y the treatment,
A smaXX amount of mortaiity occurred as
a resuXt of fish thrashing about and becoming beached,
FIELD SURVEY RESULTS
FieXd surveys were made on XOO streams east of the GontinentaX
Dividej, 73 of which contained cutthroat trout.
Fifty-five (?5 percent)
of these had onXy popuiations of cutthroat trout above barriers 5 nine had
exotic trout pXanted above fish barriersj two had cutthroat trout planted
into existing exotic trout populations; five had cutthroat populations
which were seriously effected by pollution or dewatering; two had popu­
lations of cutthroat and exotic trout with no barriers separating them.
Forty-six (Si+ percent) of the barriers which had only cutthroat
trout above them were either natural falls, high gradient areas or beaver
dams.
Natural falls (Fig. l) varied in height from I* - 30 feet and no
exotic trout were found above them in most instances.
areas (gradient
High gradient
!?00 - 1,^00 feet per mile) varied in length from 330 -
1,320 feet (Fig, 2).
The bottom materials in these areas were pre­
dominantly large boulders and rubble with numerous dead falls and other
debris,
Beaver dams formed barriers either singly or in series.
dams were usually old and ranged from 6 - 1 2
feet in height.
Single
Even low
beaver dams were barriers if a large enough number occurred in a series
-12-
Fig. I.
Natural falls fish barrier (Hellroaring Creek, Beaverhead
River Drainage)»
Fig. 2.
High gradient area fish barrier (David Creek, Big Hole River
Drainage) .
-13-
(Fig. 3)•
The stream in such places was often diverted into numerous
channels which covered the entire flood plain.
In a few instances beaver
dams occurred in conjunction with irrigation diversion dams to form fish
barriers.
Fig. 3.
Low beaver dams form fish barrier (Deep Creek, Missouri River
Drainage).
Exotic trout when planted above barriers were invariably predominant„
An example of this was found in Tenderfoot Creek (tributary of Smith
River) which had a pure cutthroat population above a 30 foot natural falls
prior to stocking with rainbow trout in 1955•
was made in the immediate area above the falls.
This rainbow trout plant
In 1958 a preponderance
of rainbow trout occurred for three miles above the falls, followed by a
—ll].—
two-mile section where cutthroat# rainbow, and hybrid trout (rainbow X
cutthroat},were present in approximately equal numbers»
trout were found above this section,.
Only cutthroat
"Wherever cutthroat and rainbow
trout were found together in a stream, hybrids were present. Another
example was found in Highwood Creek (tributary of Missouri River) which
had eastern brook trout planted in 1938 above a series of beaver dams and
a natural falls.
Mhen surveyed eastern brook trout were'predominant and
cutthroat trout were rare in the entire stream.
The West Gallatin River did not have a barrier separating cutthroat
from exotic trout.
Below the mouth of Speciman Creek, brown, rainbow,
cutthroat and hybrid (rainbow X cutthroat) were found.
Approximately one
mile above Specimen Creek hybrids and cutthroat trout were present.
The
main river above this area as well as one tributary in Montana and three
in Wyoming had cutthroat "treat only.
Cutthroat trout are presently restricted to the headwaters of streams
which originally were entirely inhabited by them.
The major factors
limiting cutthroat trout distribution are; stream habitat changes, compe­
tition with exotic species and hybridization with rainbow trout.
Practi­
cally all pure cutthroat trout population presently existing in streams,
are above barriers.
TAXONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
The widespread introduction of rainbow trout into cutthroat trout
waters, as well as the indiscriminate stocking of various cutthroat trout
strains, along with the fact that these species readily hybridize, has
-15>created serious taxonomic difficulties.
Taxonomic considerations are based upon the;examination of
3h$
cut­
throat trout (126 from streams that had never been stocked with rainbow
trout)s
rainbow trout and 88 rainbow I cutthroat trout.
The taxonomic
characteristics used (Table 3j Figs. It - 7 ) 3 with minor exceptions, are
those described by Miller, 1950.
No single characteristic was found to be adequate for identification
but when used in combination satisfactory separation of fish over it.O
inches total length was achieved.
Lateral' line scale counts are often
used to separate cutthroat and rainbow trout, but in the specimens
studied there was much overlapping and this characteristic was not used.
CUTTHROAT TROUT DISTRIBUTION
The distribution of cutthroat trout .(Figs. 8 - 13) was determined
from:
I - field surveys made by the writer; 2 - collections at Montana
State College; 3 - records of fisheries biologistffS and creel census,
Montana Fish and1Game Department.
The,distribution, of cutthroat trout is
listed along with that of other game fishes and the presence of barriers
(Tables It - 8).
The streams and lakes are arranged by drainages beginning at the
mouth and going up stream.
In the tabular data, the major tributary
streams of the Missouri, Yellowstone, Flathead, Kootenai, and Clarks Fork
of the Columbia Rivers are underlined.
The primary, secondary, and ter­
tiary tributaries of these drainages are indented to show their relation.
ship to one another.
"
Streams in parentheses have no records of cutthroat
Table 3.
Characteristics of cutthroat, rainbow and rainbow S cutthroat trout.
Diagnostic
Characteristics
Cutthroat trout
Rainbow X Cutthroat
trout
Rainbow trout
Bentary mark
Always present 5 orange
to blood-red; weaker
on juveniles
Usually present;"often
lighter than on cut­
throat trout
Usually absent; rarely
indistinct yellow
Hyoid teeth
Usually present
Present or absent
Absent
Dark
Usually milky-white
Conspicuously milkywhite
Range 1.3
2.3
"(usually 1.6 - 1 .9)I
maxillary extends
beyond eye
Range 1.6 - 2.1
(usually 1.8 - 2 .0)
Range 1.8 - 2,1
(usually 2.0 - 2 .l);
maxillary not extend­
ing beyond eye
Scales usually more
exposed; visible
without magnification
Scales exposed; visible
without magnification
Spot distribution
Usually concentrated
above lateral line and
on caudal peduncle
Usually concentrated
along lateral line
Usually spotted over
entire body ■
Spot size and
shape
Usually large; margins
regular
Usually large; margins
irregular and contigu­
ous
Usually small; margins
irregular
Shape of head
JLong5 pointed and
conical
Similar, to either
cutthroat or rainbow -
Short=, blunt and
rounded
Shape of body
Usually slender and
compressed'
Similar to either
cutthroat or rainbow
Usually deep and
robust
. v-
Ventral border of
anal fin
Maxillary length
in head length
Scales deeply embedded;
Scale distinction■ hardly visible with­
out magnification
-17-
hO hO faO hC
. L.
.
. 6.
. 7.
Cutthroat trout from Missouri River Drainage.
Cutthroat trout from Yellowstone River Drainage.
Rainbow trout from Missouri River Drainage.
Rainbow X cutthroat trout from Missouri River Drainage.
“18trout and are listed only to show the relationship of other streams or
lakes which do have cutthroat trout„
A
series of symbols devised for
expressing tabular information follows under appropriate headings s
Cutthroat relation to other game fish. -The categories below are
estimates of abundance in relation to other game . f i s h Ho information
was secured on the actual abundance of cutthroat trout in the streams
and lakes considered* e.g,« .The actual number of cutthroat trout in a
d-stream might well be greater than that of an a-3 b - 5 or c-stream*
abcde-
cutthroat trout only game fish present3 or when used with' barrier,
cutthroat trout only game fish above
cutthroat trout more abundant than any other game fish
cutthroat trout second in abundance to any other game fish
cutthroat trout presents but third or less in abundance to any
other game fish
cutthroat trout collection record only
Other game fish.
REBLDGKW-
Symbols used for other game fishes.
rainbow trout
eastern brook trout
brown trout
lake trout
dolly varden
grayling
kokanee salmon
mountain whitefish
Barriers.
Symbols used for .fish barriers.
BD- beaver dam '
ID- irrigation diversion dam
HF- natural falls or high gradient areas
Information source.
of the latest record.
CSDM-
$3>,
Symbols used for sources of information and year
creel, census' records
■
.
field survey records
biologist records of Montana Fisheries, Division
collection records, Montana State College,
etc.,- year of last collection.
Area No.* I (Figs = 8 ^ 9) °
This area is in the extreme northwestern
I
H
O
I
Area Boundary
State Boundary
— — C'n n t i -.1 r\....
Figo 8.
Cutthroat trout range and area designations in Montana=
—
part of Montana,
20
~
Qn the eastern slopes of the Continental Divide it in­
cludes the headwaters of the St, Mary's, Milk, Marias and Sun Rivers and
on the.western slopes it includes the primary drainages of the Flathead,
and Kootenai Rivers and the Clarks Fork of the Columbia River below the
mouth of the Flathead River.'
;
Cutthroat trout were recorded from 218 streams and 93 lakes but were
predominant (only game fish present or ranked first irl-.relation to any
other game fish) in only 112 streams and 62. lakes.
Cutthroat trout
records from the lower Milk River (Bear Paw Mountains) drainage were in­
cluded in this area.
This trout was not native here but was planted in
1879 (Lucke5 1958) b y soldiers of a nearby army fort who secured fish
from the Sun River5 west of Great Falls,
Area No,
2
(Figs. S 5 10).
This area is in west central Montana,
entirely west of the Continental Divide,
The primary drainages are the
Blackfoot and Bitterroot Rivers and that portion of the Clarks Fork above
the mouth of the Flathead River.
Cutthroat trout were recorded from
predominant in only
...
19h
streams and I4.8 lakes but were
76 streams and 27 lakes.
Area No, 2 (Figs, S 5 l l ) .
the Continental Divide,
This area is in central Montana5 east of .
It includes the Missouri River and its tribu­
taries from Three Forks to the mouth of the Dearborn River and the head­
water streams of certain primary tributaries of the Missouri River from
the mouth of the Dearborn River to the mouth of the Musselshell River.
Cutthroat trout were recorded from
9h
syreams and 21 lakes but were
ST MARYS
—
—
Area Bound ary N ^
State Boundary
Continental Divide
Records
— streams
® lakes
9 5 10
miles
Fig. 9*
Cutthroat trout distribution in Area No. I (northwest area)
I
ro
ro
^ Area Boundary
— — State Boundary
------ Continental Divide
Records
— streams
® lakes
tL U P
miles
Fig. 10.
Cutthroat trout distribution in Area No. 2 (x^est central area)
N
Area Boundary
------ Continental Divide
Records
— streams
© lakes
I
ro
V
Fig. 11.
Cutthroat trout distribution in Area No. 3 (central area).
predominant in only 23 streams and 13 lakes»
Area No, L (Figs. 8 ? 12).
This area is in southwestern Montana, east
of the Continental Divide, and includes the drainage of the Missouri River
above Three Forks,
The Jefferson, Madison and Gallatin Rivers are the
primary tributaries,
Cutthroat trout were recorded from 100 streams and
predominant in only
19
kl
lakes but were
streams and 28 lakes.
Area No, £ (Figs, 8, 13),
This area is in southern Montana, east of
the Continental Divide and includes the Yellowstone River drainage from
the State boundary to Billings,
also included in this area.
The headwaters of the Bighorn River are
The primary tributaries of the Yellowstone
River are the Shields, Boulder, Stillwater and Clarks Fork Rivers.
Cutthroat trout were recorded from 63 streams and 25> lakes but were
predominant in only 23 streams and 12 lakes.
Several farm ponds on the lowep Yellowstone River (not included in
this area) have had cutthroat trout planted in them.
These records were
not included.
Including all of Montana, cutthroat trout were recorded from
669
streams and 2Itit lakes but w ere,predominant in only 2^3 (38 percent)
streams and lit2 (£8 percent) lakes,
Cutthroat trout records, west of the
Continental Divide, include 378 streams and 133 lakes with cutthroat pre­
dominating in.102 streams and 83 lakes.
Records east of the Continental
Divide include 291 streams and 111 lakes with cutthroat predominating in
71 streams and £9 lakes.
Fig. 12.
Cutthroat trout distribution in Area No. It (southwestern area).
m ile s
♦ AreaBoundary
------ State Boundary
------ Continental Divide
R ecords.
— s tre a m s
(S) la k e s
I
ro
CN
I
YELLOWSTONE
NATIONAL
PARK
F i s . 13
Cutthroat trout distribution in Area No.
(southern area).
-27Table Iu
Cutthroat trout records in Area No. I (Fig. 9).
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
ST MARY’S RIVER
Kennedy Cr.
So. Fk. Kennedy Cr.
Beaver Cr.
Beaver I.
Duck-Lo
Lower St Mary’s L.
MILK RIVER
Clear Cr.
(Wind Cr.)
Ross Reservoir
Beaver Cr.
So. Fk. Milk R.
Mid. F k . Milk R.
Livermore Cr.
No. F k . Milk R.
MARIAS RIVER Sec. I
(Teton R.)
No. F k . Teton R.
(Muddy Cr.)
(No. Fk. Muddy Cr.)
Cow Cr.
Deep C r. ■
Mid. F k . Teton R.
W. Flc. Teton R.
Tiber Reservoir
Cut Bank Cr. Sec. I
Cut Bank Cr. Sec. 2
Lower Mission L.
Willow Cr.
Ray L.
(Two Medicine R.)
Birch Cr.
Dupuyer Cr.
No. Fk. Dupuyer Cr.
So. Fk. Dupuyer Cr.
Blacktail Cr.
Swift Reservoir
Cutthroat Other.
relation ■ game ,..Barriers
to other
fish
'■
game fish
NF
C
RWD
HD
b
R
BD-a
C
a
a
Information
source
857,028
■ 057
055
S57
857,058
057
058
d
R
RWL
d
RE
C51i
d
e
d
d
RE
RE
058
M57
057,857
. RE
c58
C
RE
d
RW
.053
057
C
R
057
d
HEW
C58
C
C
b
C
C
C
d
.d
C
RE
RE
. E
. E
BD-a
056,857
c5ii
C56
D52
057
C5L
05k
058
055
056
D5k,058
056
055,857
857
D5k
058
RE
REW
RE
.R
a
a
-
C
RE
RE
ID
E
NF-a
E
RE
RK
ID-a
d
b
b
d
d
-28Table
h, continued.
Cutthroat 'Other
relation . game
to other
fish
■ game fish
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Mid. Fko Birch Cr.
Big Badger. Cr.
Four Horn L,
(Limestone Cr.)
.Cooper L=
(Two Medicine Cr.)
Little Badger Cr.
KiyoL.
So. Fk. Two Medicine Cr.
(Deep Cr.)
Dog Gone I.
No. Fk. Two Medicine Cr.
Railroad Cr.
R
RE
REB
a
=**
C
a
C
C
d
d
SUN R i m Sec. I
No. F k 0 Sun R.
"Willow Cr.
Nilan Reservoir
Cobbs L.
Pishkun Reservoir
Gibson Reservoir
Big George Cr.
(Open Cr.)
Lalre Levale
So. Fk. Sun R.
(Smith Cr.)
Wood L.
CLARKS FORK COLUMBIA R i m
Cabinet Gorge Reservoir
Bull R.
E. Fk. Bull R.
Rock Cr*
E. Fk. Rock Cr.
Rock Cr. L.
Noxon Rapids Reservoir
Swamp Cr.
Buck L.
"Wanless L.
Martin Cr.
Sb. Fk. Martin Cr.
c
d
d
d
d
d .
C
d
d
d
C
Barriers
Ihformat:
source
#8
#k,C#
ID
c&
C$8
E .
RE
NF-a
C$7
S$7,C$8
E
EEW
EEW
NF
NF
C$6
S$7
C$3,S$7
c$h
RBGW
REWB
RE
RE
RE
RG
REK
B,
C$8
c$h
D$2,C$8
C$8
C$lt
C$8
C$lt
■
a
d
,b
“ '■
RBGW
7
"
■
R
C$7
C$lt
C$8
'
d
d
b
b
b
a
' d
b
a
a
b
a
, .REBW
HEKD
D
E
R
*
REBW
E
-
W
.
■
C$$,D$7
C$8
C$8
C$8
C$8
C$6
.1^8
C$7
C$8
C$8
D$7,C$8
C$8
-29Table !4.5 continued.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Vermillion R,
Cataract Cr.
Sims Cr.
Willow Cr.
Beaver Cr.
White.Pine Cr.
Big Beaver Cr.
Deep Cr.
Graves Cr.
Prospect Cr.
Dry Cr..
E. F k . Dry Cr.
Khox Cr.
Cooper Gulch
Evans Gulch
Glidden Gulch
Cherry Cr.
Thompson R« Sec. IThompson R . S e c . 2
W. F k . Thompson R.
(Four Lakes Cr.)
Cabin I.
Fishtrap Cr.
Beatrice Cr.
(Mantrap F k 0 Fishtrap Cr.)
(Radio Cr.)
Fishtrap I.
Little Thompson R.
Little Rock Cr. ■
Big Rock Cr.
(Twin Lakes Cr.)
Twin L.
McGregor Cr.
McGregor L. .
Lower Thompson L. .
Boiling Spring Cr.
Mid. Thompson L.
Slimmer Cr.
Davis Cr.
Upper Thompson L»
Buffalo Bill Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
b
a
b
a
b
b
c
a
a
.b
b
a
a
a
a
Information
source
C£8
c#
ci?8
C^6
C^7
C53
C^8
c#
C^7
RED
—'
D
R
RE
E
-
b
C$1
c$h
c$h
C$3
C$3
.c$$
c$b
C$8
C$7
C$7
b
C
b
R
RED
D .
C$6
C$7
C$8
E.
,
REDH
—
ED
C$7. ..
C$8 ^$8
C$6 ,
a
d
C
.9
d .
a
b
-a
a
•
Barriers
RED
EB
—
—
.BEDU
E
■ E
a
-
Other
game
fish
C57,M£8
-
—'.
REL
A
d
EDH :
—
a
'
EDKH
.d .
E
'
>
e
KW
b
b
E .
.
C^6
c$b
C$8
M?2,C^65D57
BD
n$2,-D$i
c$lj$7
M$2,V$7
B$6
056
c$$
-30Table it, continued.
’ P R H A R T DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
TIiATHEAD RIVER Sec. I
Flathead R. Sec. 2
Revais Or.
Jocko R.
(Valley C r .)
Hewolf Cr.
Finley C r . .
M d . - F k . „Jocko. R.
Lower Jocko L.
Upper Jocko E.
Post C r .
Mission Cr.
Crow Cr.
(Mud Cr.).
Lake on Mud Cr.
No. F k . Crow Cr.
Little Bitterroot R.
(Warm Springs 'Cr.)
(Dry Fork Cr.)
Dry Fork Reservoir
Briggs Cr.
Flathead L.
Lake Mary Ronan
Dayton Cr.
Swan River Sec, I
Swan R. Sec, 2
(Mud Cr.)
Mud L.
(Birch Cr.)
Birch L .
Bear Cr,
Swan L.
(Hall Cr.)
Hall L.
(Bond Cr.)
Trinkus L.
,.Lost Cr.
S o , .Fk. Lost Cr.
No. Fk* Lost Cr,
Cilly Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
d
.d
b
d
C
C
Other
game
fish
Barriers
.RIMf
RDKM
E
RE
Information
source
027
D2.7,C28
C22
D27,G28 .
E
RE
b
HjJPRE
D
E
C22
C28
C33
D26
D26,C28 .
027
C22
C23
d
b
d
RE
E
RE
c22
C26
D275C28
a
e
d
b
C
■
ID
• •<:
C2k
a
G
d
d
a
E
RDKM
RE
d
C
.REDM
RED
W
a
b
d
d
b
a
.b
b
. b
C
Q2.8.
D27,C28
m
026 .
D27,c27
c28
023
.023
D27
C27
R
.ED
RDK
R
ED
v D
R
E
'
c'22
,'Cg
.026.
023
c23 .
022
—31Table It5 continued.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Cedar Cr,)
Shay L 0
Fatty Cr,
Fatty Cr. Reservoir
Rainbow L.
(No. Fko Cedar Cr.)
Lower Fish L=
Upper Fish L.
Goat Cr.
Lion Cr.
Piper Cr,
Piper L .
Mid. Piper L.
(Jim Cr.)
Jim L.
(Pony Cr,)
Pony Lo
Dog Cr.
(Condon Cr.)
Smith Cr.
(Cold Cr.)
(No. Fko Cold Cr.)
'Cold L.
(Elk Cr.)
(So o Fk. Elk Cr.)
Elk L.
(Glacier Cr.)
Glacier I."
Rumble Cr.
Holland Cr.
Holland L.
Upper Holland L.
Beaver Cr. ,
Lindbergh L.
Crystal L.
(Therriaults Cr.)
Bunyan L.
Jessup Mill Pond
Creston L.
Ashley Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
to"other
game fish
Other
game
fish
a
. e
a
a
a
a
b
d
b
a
a
—
-
Barriers
Information
source
CA
D£6
CA,D£7
D£7
-
D ^ 5C A
C58
CA
C#,#7
PA
D57
PA
a■
-
C55
a
e
-
CA
MA
C
E
EDWTRE
-
E
D57
a
'a
a
C
d
d
d
b.
d
b
.a
a
b
d
CA
-
CA
-
CA
PA
CA
.057
C58
CA
CA
B
RE
■ RED
RB
B
RDK
K
— ■
RB
RE
CA
056
056
CA
D57
-32Table
h, continued=
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Truman Cr.)
mid Bill Cr.'
Lake Monroe
Lone L=
Ashley L=
Stillwater River
Uhitefish R=
Haskill Cr.
Whitefish L.
Laay Cr.
■Uhitefish Cr,
E= Fk= Whitefish Cr=
Upper Mhitefish L=
W= F k . Whitefish Cr.
Spencer L.
Logan Cr=
Good Cr =
Plume Cr.
Cedar L.
Talley L=
Sheppard Cr.
Dunsire Cr.
Griffin Cr =
Sylvia L=
Lupine L.
Meadow Cr.
Martin Cr.
Upper Stillwater L=
Lebeau Cr.
Sunday Cr.
South Fork Flathead River
Hungry Horse Reservoir
Emery Cr.
Hungry Horse Cr.
Margaret Cr.
Doris Cr.
Lost Johnny Cr. ■
Wounded Buck Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
b
e
b
C
d
d
d
b
C
a
a
d
C
b
C
a
a
b
d
C
a
C
b
■a
e
a
d
a
e
b
b
b •
e '
a
e
a
a
Other
game
fish
Barriers
E
C£6
D56
D57
#7,C58
—
G .
RKW
REDW
RDKW ■
E
LK
E
—
—
RD
D
R
REW
—
—
R
RE
E
—
E
G
“*
RD
RDW
RDGW
RE
*
■-
Information
source
ID
ID
#7,058
#7
c£6
c#
C53
c#
C£6
C56,D57
C5£
c58
c58
C58
C58
.C56 jD^7
C$8
C$6
C$8
C$8
C$6
C$8
D$6
C$6
C$8
C$6
D$6 '
D$7,C$8
D$7,C$8
C$8
D$6
C$it.
D$6
C$8
D$6,G$8
..
■33Table
k) continued.
'PRIMARY
DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Wildcat Cr.)
Wildcat I,.
Ryle Cr.
' Riverside Cr.
Murray Cr.
Clayton. Cr.
Harris Cr.
Felix Cr.
Graves Cr.
• Aeneas Cr.
Handkerchief I.
Black L.
Logan Cr.
Devils Corkscrew Cr.
Baptiste Cr.
Sullivan Cr.
Quintonkon Cr.
Soldier Cr.
Lower Twin Cr.
Twin Cr.
Spotted Bear R .
Bunker Cr.
(Gorge Cr.)
Sunburst L.
Big Salmon R.
Big Salmon Li
White R.
Youngs Cr.
Hahn Cr.
Danaher Cr.
Camp Cr.
Basin Cr.
Limestone Cr.
North Fork Flathead River
Spoon I,
Canyon Cr.
Big Cr.
'Langford Cr.
Mud X.
Hallowat Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
■■ to ,other
game .fish
Other
game
fish
a
e
e
-
E
e
a
b
TM:
C
REDG
-
027,M28
-
d £6
-
c #
G
.
c£8
E
NF
E
—
a
a
-
D
C
a
a
Informat
source
'.D57,C£8
D£6
P56
#7
D$6
-
C
e
.b
. a
b
. e.
e
b
e
e
e
Barriers
D27
D56
B^6
D^.7
D^6
D^6
.D #
..
D26,C28
0^7
C^3
.
-
a
-
a
mm
a
a
-
C^6
-
c :31t.
-
C^8
C53
CS8
C53
,
a
b
M2l,C%8
. c^U
D
k
a
-
C
RDM
C
E
a
C
e
a
e
.
DZ7,C28
c $ h
-* , ,
DW
D57
D§6
'M*
-
0^6
D56
~3h~
Table Zt9 continued
Cutthroat Other
relation
game
to "other ‘ fish
game fish
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Kletomus C r 0)
Moose Lc
Coal Cr,
Cyclone C r 0Cyclone L 0
Quartz Cr.
Moran C r 0
Hay Cr.
Bowan Gr0 .
Red Meadow Cr,
Red Meadow L 0
Hawk Cr.
Moose Cr.
Miale C r »
Yakinikak Cr.
Tuchuck Cr.
Colts C r 0
KOOTENAI RIVER
Yaak R„ Sec0 I
Yaak R 0. Sec. 2
Kilbrennan Cr.
Kilbrennan L 0
Spread C r 0
So. F k 0 Yaak R 0 ’
Final L 0
Huskin L=
W 0 F k 0 Yaak Ri , ,
.
D57D
D^6
D^7
D57,C28
W= '
DW
T&6
==
D
—
—
BD
D
Dir
C#,D#
D#
■
D57
D^7
D57
D57
G$k
»
D^7
d
C
a
b a
■
Information
source
#8
.a
e
a
b
e
b
b
e
C
a
a
a
b
d
a
a
Middle Fork Flathead River
Crystal C r 0
Stanton Cr,
Stanton L 0
Tunnel Cr.
(Essex Cr.)
(Marion Cr.)
Marion L 0
Bear C r 0
(Lake Cr.) .
Flotilla Lo
Bowl C r . '
Barriers
REDK
E
D27,CS8
C^3
C58
C^8
C56-
W
a
d
EDW
c#
D27,c27
e
C
D
d 56
C^8
d
d
d
c
d
a
' ’■a
a
b
- a
.
REDW
RE
RED ,
RE
..
RE
=
-
R
HF.
C58
CS?.
DS7,CS8
css
CS6
CSii
CS?.
DS7,CS8
GS7,DS7
-
CS?
-32Table It5 continued
Cutttooat
relation
to other
game fish
PRIMART d r a i n a g e
and Tributaries
(Be Fkc Taak Re)
(Wnndy 'Cr =)
Fish Lakes ' .
Star Cr.
Lake Cr.
(Falls Cr.)
Savage L=
Keeler Cr.
TSo Fko Keeler Cr.
Halverson Cr=Benning Cr.
Camp Cr,
Bull Li.
Stanley Cr=
Ross Cr.
O 8Brien Cr=
Quartz Cr.
Bobtail Cr.
Pipe Cr.
Tom Pole L=
E= Fk= Pipe Cr.
Libby Cr,
Big Cherry Cr.
Deep Cr=
Swamp Cr =
(Howard Cr.)
Howard L=
Fisher R=
Wolf Cr.
'W= Fisher R.
(Trail Cr.)
Bear L=
(Lake Cr.)
Geiger L=
Standard Cr=
Pleasant Valley Fisher R.
Leon L=
Horseshoe L=
Bootjack L=
E= Fisher R=
Silver 'Butte Fisher R.
Jackson Cr.
Other
game
fish
Barriers
Ihformatic
source
,
■a
a
c
C$8
•'• \
-
a
b
a
a
•b
b
d
b
C
C
C$8
RE
C$8
C$8
CO
C$8
OS
c$$
E
RE
DKW
E
E
REDW
C$6
C$8
D$7
C$8
C$6
C$8
a
ns
C
E
RED
b
a
b
d
a
a
d
C
d
a
C
C$8.
REDW
C$8
C$7 •
# 7 , C$8
c$$
c$$
™
E
REDf
W
C$8
C$6
(PO
UO
■
C$8
C$li
RE ■
R
REDW
C$8
C$8
D$7,C$8
D$7,C$8
os
R
a
C$6.
a
C
d
C
C
C
b
b
a
.E
RE
KW
E
R
RE
RE
C$$
D$7
c$$
C$6
D$7
c$$
■
NF
.
C$3,D$7
C$6,D$7
D$7
“36“*
Table It3 concluded.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
arid Tributaries
Cutthroat Other
relation . game
.to other ■ fish
'game fish
'
Fivemile Cr.
Sullivan Cr. .
Tobacco R.
St Clair Cr.
Lost L.
(Giffin Cr.)
■
Tlierriault Cr.
Fortine Cr.
(Lake Cr.)
Lake on Lake Cr.
Grave Cr.
Dickey L.
Dodge Cr.
Carpenter I.
Young Cr.
Wigwam Cr.
(Bluebird Cr.)
Therriauli L.
(Weasel Cr.)
"Weasel I..
-
■d
b
'•
C
"
a
■ " ' 'e . ■"
, •'
■
■b
a
Barriers
RE
E1
RE
ID
'1■
■ :
RE
Information
'source
D57
.
#7
C58,M$8
D27,C28
D^6
D26,C58
0^8
<
3
9
C
C
C
E
RED
K
E
a
e
a'
-
C53
b
RKW
058
b
D
056
' b
W
HF
C^7
057,957
C58
957
058
D36
“37Table
Cutthroat trout records in Area Ho. 2 (Fig. id).
PRIMARY D R A H A G E
and Tributaries
CIiARKS FCRK C CEUMBIA RIVER
Clarks F k . Columbia R. Sec. I
Clarks F k . Columbia R. Sec. 2
Clarks F k . Columbia R. Sec. 3
Siegel Cr.
StrRegis R.
little St Joe Cr.
(Ward Cr.)
Cedar Cr.
Twelvemile C r .
Deer Cr.
Big Cr.
Silver Cr.
Randolph Cr.
St. Regis I.
Dry Cr.
Pardee Cr.
Cedar Cr.
(lost Cr.)
Oregon Gulch
Lost L.
Trout Cr.
Ho. F k . Trout Cr.
(Hemote Cr.)
Miller Cr.
Fish Cr.
W. F k . Fish Cr.
(Cedar log Cr.)
Cedar log I.
Ho. F k , Fish Cr.
Straight Cr.
(French Cr.)
French L.
So. F k . Fish Cr.
Petty C r l . Hinemile Cr.
Butler Cr.
McCormick Cr.
Sixmile Cr.
Mill Cr.
Albert Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
d
d
d
a
C
Other
game
fish
RBW
RBDW
RB
REDB
a
—
b
E
REW
C
a
b
b
C
b
b
a
C
b
a
b
e
.a
d
a
b
e
C
a
b .
c.
c
C
a
C
a .
a
Barriers
-
E
E
E
E
EDB'
RDBW
R
DBW
—
REW
B
RD
—
RED
RED : ■
. .
REBD ■
RE
«
E .
■ . ■. .
-
Ihformatii
source
C$6,
C$Q
#8
C$3
C$8
C$8
c$h
C$8
C$8
C$8
#8
C$7
C$8
V$7,C$8
.0#
.
V$7,C$8
C38
C58
T>$7,C$8
B$6
C£8
V$7,C$8
CS8
CS8
D36
C$7
C$7
C$8
GS8
C£8 -
c$h
. C$h
C$7
C$6
C$$
■
.
.
-38Table 5a. continued
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Gutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
Other
gaine
fish
-
Okeefe G r 0
a
Bitterroot River Sec. I
Bitterroot R, Sec. 2
O 8Brien Cr.
Miller Cr.
Bolo Cr.
Mill Cr.
Graves Cr.
"W. F k 0 Lolo Cr.
Howard Cr.
E. F k . Lolo Cr.
One Horse Cr.
Eightmile Cr.
(Threemile Cr.)
' Ambrose Cr.
Bass Cr.
Burnt F k . Bitterroot R.
Kootenai C r .
Big Cr.
Bear Cr.
Fred Burr Cr.
Willow Cr.
Mill Cr.
Roaring Lion Cr.
Skalkaho Cr.
Newton GulchBear Gulch
Tenderfoot Gulch
Daly Cr.
■
Railrpad Cr. .
Hog Trough Cr.
'Weasel Cr.
So. F k . Skalkaho Cr.
Sleeping Child Cr.
(Camas Cr.)
Camas L.
lost Horse Cr.
Twin L. 2nd
Tin Cup Cr.
Rye Cr.
d
d.
a
a
d
e
ae
REEW
REDB
C
ED
D
b
a
a
a
b
C
b
C
b
d
a
C
Barriers
C57
C58
C58
.056
C53
D5L,c58
D55
C57
D#l
C58
c56
. C57
• M5L,D55,c58
RElW
-
—
-
—
RED
REBD
RE
E
RE
RE
Information
source
C56 .
955,058
C58
c58
C58
955,057
058
ID
-
CBh
RE
a
-
056
C56
C
RED
D5M58
951t
e
e
e
d
• .©
e
e
b
d
a
C
c ,
a
C
-
D5L
D51t
058
'
RD-
- D
.
VBh
VBh
VBh
VBh
, RED
' 058
-
056
. 058
058
ED
R
HE
057
056
-39Table 5>5 continued.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Eo F k 0 Bitterroot R 0
Warm. Spring G r 6
.
Cameron Cr,
Meadow 'Cr =
Swift Cr=
Dense Cr=
Bugle Cr=
. ' .
Moose Cr=
■ , "■
tick Cr =
■ ;
Reynolds Cr=
Sign Cr=
Cuba Cr.
Ripple Lo
W= Fk= Bitterroot R=
(H q u e t t Cr=)
Shelf L=
Piquett L=
(Boulder Cr=)
Dollar L=
Boulder L=
Neaperce Fk= Bitterroot R.
Watch Tower Cr=
Blue Joint Cr=
Overwhich Cr=
Hugheg Cr=
Burrell Cr=
Lake Cr.Emmett Cr =
Woods Cr=
Salt Cr.
John,s on Cr =
Sheep Cr=
Rattlesnake Cr,
Blackfoot River Sec= I
Blackfoot R= Sec= 2
BlacIcfoot R= Seco 3
Gold Cr=
Boulder L=
Belmont Cr=
Elk Cr=
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
d
b
b
e
.e
e
C$8
C$8
.B$!t
.D$ii
D$/4
D$1j.
. D$^
D
. .
C
REDW
a
a
-
d
d
d
!Information
source
M£2yC58
™■
C
a
1a
d
a
d
a
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
d
Barriers
REDW
RED
RED
D
C
.e
e
e
e
e
Other
game
fish
'D$ii
• D$li
D$i|.
D$li
b$l,C$8
D$$
D$$
C$8
C$8
.C$8
ED
=RED
C$7
C$3
C$8
D$lt
D$ii
D$ii
D$L
D$lt
D$L
. D$U
•
D$it .
M$$,C$8
'
REW
C
REDB
REDB
REDB
RED
a
d
b
RD
REBD .
. C$8
C$8
C$8
.ID
C$6
C$lt
D$6
D$6,C$8
-ItOTable
continued.
'
,PRIMARY DRAHfAGE
and Tributaries
Clearwater R .
Blanchard Cr.
No. F k . Blanchard Cr.
Harper E..
Salmon L.
Owl Cr.
Placid E..
' i /'
Finley Cr.
Drew Cr.
Morrell Cr.
Trail Cr.
Seeley L.
Deer Cr.
Fawn Cr.
Sawyer Cr.
W. F k . Clearwater R.
Marshall C r .
Marshall L.
Lake Inez
Lake Alva
Rainy L.
Cleanfater E.
(Bertha Cr.)
Summit E.
Cottonwood Cr.
Cottonwood E.
Chamberlain Cr.
Pearson Cr.
Monture Cr.
McCabe Cr.
Dick Cr.
Dunham Cr.
Falls Cr.
Warren Cr.
No. F k * Blackfoot R.
Rock Cr.
Coopers L.
Spring Cr.
E. F k . No. Fk. Blackfoot R.
Meadow Cr.
Parker I..
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
d
C
C
b
d
C
b
b
'e
d
e
d
,
c
a
e
b
e
cl
d
C
d
e
e
b
C
a
a
d
b
C
a
a
b .
C
e
a
a
.b
b
a
Other
game
fish
REDW
■ REW
E
G
RKW
RED
DK
RE
•
RE
DK
E
—
ED
■—*
' DKW
REDK
DKW .
—
RE
R
1—
REDW
EW
RE
-*•
RE
REDW
R
R
-
Barriers
Information
source
C58
#k,C28
#7
D£63C$8
■ C$8
C$8.
C$8
c$b
D$6
C$8
D$6
D$7,C$8
c$$
C$6
D$6
C$6,D$6
D$6
C$$,D$6
C$8
C$8
C$8
D$6
D$6
C$7
C$$
C$$,D$6
D$6
D$63C$8
C$7
C$7
C$6
C$6
C$6,M$7
.. D$6,C$8
D$6
D$7
D$3
.D$$
C$6
C$8
Table
continued
PRIMAEY d r a i n a g e
and Tributaries
Webb I.
Wales C r »
Y o u m a m e Cr.
Nevada Cr. Sec. I
Nevada Cr. Sec. 2
Douglas C r .
Cottonwood Cr.
Chimney Cr.
Mud Cr.
Murray Cr.
Bear Cr.
Sturgeon Cr.
Nevada Cr. L v
Arrastra C r .
Stonewall Cr.
Beaver Cr.
Liverpool Cr.
Blue Diamond Cr.
Poorman Cr.
Humbug Cr.
Landers Fork
Copper Cr.
Heart L.
(Hogan Cr.)
Keep Cool Cr.
Alice Cr.
Wallace Cr.
Schwartz Cr.
Rock Cr. Sec. I
Rock Cr. Sec. 2
Ranch'Cr.
Stony Cr.
Stony L »
No. F k . Rock Cr.
. Ross Fko Rock Cr.
Helm Cr.
(Condon Cr.)
Medicine Cr.
Beaver Cr.
W. F k 0 Rock Cr.
Mud L.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
a
c
a
d'
b
'b
d
C
d
e
e
e
C
C
C
b
c
C
C
C
e
b
b
C
C
C
a
d
d
C
a
b
e
b
e
a
b
b
e
Other
game
fish
Barriers
Information
source
C£6
RK
'
C-
REDW .
EDW
REDW
EB ■
E
EB
-
ID
ID
ID
#6
D56
D$6,#8
D56
ID '
ID
#6,CZ7
C#3,MSU,D£6
:C # , # 6
C23,D26
D£6
D56,
D56
RK
ED
EB
E
E
E
RED
RE
—
RD
G
REB
•
.RED
E
V '
REDB
REDB
RED
.
D56,C28
C5?
C08
C$7
C$.8
C$&
■ C$6
C$6
D$6
C$8
■'C$8
.
C$8
C$8 '
C$7
C$8
C$8
C$8
D$6,C$7,M$8
■c.$7
K
.
REDW
-
E. . .
.REDW
-
D$6
D$6
c$7
D$6
C$7
C$7
.
D$6,C$7
M$3
Table 5>5 continued
H t M A R T DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Lake Abundance
E e Fko Rock Cr.
Eo Fko Reservoir
Copper Cr.
Mid, Fko Rock Cr.
(Carp Cr.)
■Carp L.
Phyllis Lo
Cramer Cr.
Harvey Cr.
Flint Cr. Sec. I
Flint Cr. Sec. 2
Lower Willow Cr.
Douglas Cr.
Boulder Cr.
So. F k . Boulder Cr.
(Copper Cr.)
Dora T h o m L.
Boulder L.
Trout C r .
Georgetown L.
(No. Fk. Flint Cr.)
Echo L.
Hoover Cr.
Millers Cr. E.
Warm Springs Cr.
Willow C r .
Rock Cr.
(Rock Cr. L.)
Dolus L.
Meadow L. 2nd
Little Blackfoot R. See. I
Little Blackfoot R. Sec. 2
Spotted Bog Cr.
Trout Cr. ■
(Carpenter Cr.)
Snowshoe Cr.
Ophir Cr.
Dog Cr.
Hope Cr.
Mike Renig Gulch
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
Other
game
fish
a
C
REEW
'-O
ED
REDW
e
C
b
e
e
d
b
d
RE
HEHD
REB
E '
EB
E; .
RED
C
c
b
b
e
-
C
G
C
■d
b
a
d
d
#8
C£8
D£6
#7
. C$7
M$6
D$6
C$8
C$8
C$8
C$6
0$8
.C$3
■C$8
D$$
c$$
'
C
C
b
b
b
b
HhfOrmat
source
D$$
e
■a
b
b
C
b
b
Barriers
E .
REKG
C$l|
C$8
REB
RE
RE
REBD .
E
REB
C$$,D$6
C$6
B
'
■
BEDB
REDB
B
E
EB
EB
REB
EB
RE
.
C$6
C$6.
C$8
C$7
. C$6
C$8
C$8
C$8
M$k,C$7
C$lt
C$8
C?8..
C$8
.C$8
C$3,M$U
Table
concluded.
PRIMART DRiIMG-E
and Tributaries
Telegraph Cr.
Bryan Cr.
Slate Cr.
Laribee Gulch
Racetrack Cr.
Pozega L.
Meadow E.. 2nd
Fisher L.
Little Racetrack Cr.
'Little Racetrack L=.
Racetrack L.
Lost Cr.
Modesty Cr.
Dutchman Cr.
('Warm Springs Cr.)
Foster Cr.
(Twin Lakes Cr.)
Fourmile Basin L.
Storm Lake Cr.
Storm L.
Mill C r . '
Clear C r .
Beefstraight Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
C
a
a
C
>
a
a
a
e
e
e
. 'c
a
Other
game
fish
RE
i"
.E
RE
“
-
00
REB
Barriers
Information
source
.CS?
G$6
#6
C5>7
.#baC58
Of#
C58
P$7
C#
D#
. D #
C#
C
RE
C$k
C$3
C
RED
C$6
b
a
C
C
a
b
RE
C53
C$3
c#
C$7
C$6
C$6
R
RE
E
Table 6«
Cutthroat trout records in Area No. 3 (Fig» ll).
PRIMARY TEAINAGE
and Tributaries
MISSOURI
Missouri
Missouri
Missouri
RIVER Sec. I
R. Sec0 2
R. See. 9
R. Sec. 12
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
d
d
d
•d
Other
game
fish
Barriers
RBW
RB
RB
.RBW
Information
source
(#3
C33
c#
C58
Musselshell River Sec0 I
d
REBW
(#3
No. Fk. .FlatwIllow Cr.
S o o Fk. Flatwillow Cr.
(Fish Cr.)
Rock Cr.
Carters Pond
American Fk.-Cr.
(Lebo Cr.)
Lebo If.
Big Elk Cr. L
Elk Cr. Reservoir
Martinsdale I.
So. Fk. Musselshell R.
Cottonwood Cr.
Mid. Fk. Cottonwood Cr.
(Loco Cr.)
Sandero Pond
Forest I.
(Alabaugh Cr.)
Castle Lo
(Noo F k 0 Musselshell R.)
(Flagstaff Cr.)
Holiday L.
d
d
REB
REB
c#
D2?
C
a
d
. REW
C 56
C£8
REB
..
REB
E
RE
RB
REB
RE
RE
G53
Judith' River Sec= I
Judith.S . Sec= 2
(Arrow C r .)
Holgate Reservoir
Kingsbury I.
Dry Wolf Cr,
Running Wolf Cr.
Spring Cr.
Cottonwood Cr.
E. Fk= Spring Cr.
Yogo Cr.
d
e
d
d
d
d
b
d
a
RE
ns
a
C
.a
a
d
d
„d
C
b
C
D^3
D&
C$7
d
' d
NF-a
C53
D£2 '
#8
C53
#7
D^jCgG
C^6
.
RE
C$&,S$6
RE ■
RE
■C$lt.?D$7
C$6,D$7
**
REB
RE
REBW
RE
RE
RE.
C$6
. C$7
C$8
C$8
C$1;
C$8
C$3
c$$
=■1^Table 6, continued.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Soo Fko Judith R,
Mido Fko Judith R.
Lost Fkq Mid. Fk6 Judith Ro
Wo Pko Lost Fko
Harrison Cr,
Weatherwax Cr.
Cleveland Cr.
Hell Cr.
Shonkin Cr.
Highwood C r 0
Noo Fko Highwood Cr.
S o o Fk0 Highwood Cr=
Pohlod Cr.
Belt Creek
Little Belt Cr.
Main Cr.
Noo Fk0 Little Belt Cr.
So. Fk. Little Belt Cr.
Logging Cr.
Pilgrim Cr.
Tillinghast Cr.
Dry Fk. Belt Cr..
So. Fk'. Dry Fk. Belt Cr.
Hoover Cr.
Harley Cr.
Jefferson Cr.
Smith River Sec. I
Smith R o. Sec0 2
Hound Cr.
Eo Fk. Hound Cr.
Mid. Fk. Hound Cr.
Mid, Fk, Reservoir
Dry Fk. ,,Smith R.
Tenderfoot tir.1
Rock Cr.
No. Fk. Rock Cr.
So. Fkq Rock Cr.
Eagle Cr.
Sheep Cr,
Cutthroat
relation
to other
. game fish
d
d
Other
game
fish
RE
REK
RE
O=
RE .
C
a
c
a
c.
a
d
d
RE
RE
RE
E
E
E
C
C
C
d
d
a
a
.a
d
b .
d
' d
C
.c ,
C
d
d
■ a,
d
C
.BD-a
.BP-a
NF-a
NF-a
NF
PB
PEW.
REB
C
C
tm
■a,
a
d
a
-?
RE
•
PW
C#,S28
CS8,S#
,C#,S28
S^8
#3,858
#7,828
828
S28
b#,D26
C28
827
023
827
NF-a
ID~a
a
b .
Information
source
C22
. 827,028
827
827
.827
.
NF-a
026,827
'
NF-a
021,827 .
NF-a
827
827,028
.
828
NF-a
BD-a
$27
' , NF-.a
827
NF-:a. ■ . 827
REBW
REBW
REBW
RE
E'
a.
" ./
NF-a
NF
BD-a
BD
REBW
RE
W
«
RE
, RE
RE
RE
RE.
RE
RE
RE
Barriers
NF-a
NF
BD-a
BD-a
BD-a
BD-a
BD
'023.
D2lt
028
.021 ■
827 ■
82.7
#3
028,828
.027,828
'$28. ■
. .828
828. ..
#1,927
Table 6, continued.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Black Cr.)
Butte Cr.
Calf Cr.
Little Calf Cr.
Moose Cr.
Deadmans Cr.
Beaver Cr.
(Camas Cr.)
(Thomas Cr.)
Benton Gulch
Keep Cool Cr.
Keep Cool Reservoir
Elk Cr. Camas L.
Big Birch Cr.
Edith L.
Gypsy L=
No. Fk= Smith R.
Fourmile Cr.
Lake Cr.
Boundary L.
Sutherland Reservoir
Sheep Cr.
Dearborn R.
Mid.F k 0 Dearborn R.
Prickly Pear Cr.
Canyon Cr.
Cottonwood Cr.
Virginia. Cr.
Trout Cr.
Little Prickly Pear Cr.
Deadman Cr.
lost Horse Cr.
Elk Horn Cr.
Beaver Cr.
(Lake Helena)
Prickly Pear ,Cr.
Lump Gulch
Clancy Cr.
Tenmile Cr.
Sevenmile Cr.
Cutthroat. Other
relation
game
to other. fish
game fish '
a
'
.b
a
C
e
a
Barriers
.
RE
—
RE
-
BD-a
BD-a
—
a
a
b
REBW ■
C
E
b
■■ R
C
RE
RG
b
E '
b
d.
REK
b
■E
E
C
—
a
■ d
REKW
d
REBW
C
REBW
d
RE
d
REB
d
REB
”
a
a
RE
b
C
RE
RE
d
»
a
C
.E
RED
d
d
b
C
C
.C
■ RE
RE
E
RE'
E
NF-a
Information
source
(#3.
C#,S28
SE>8 ■
85:8
D^lt
#3
C$7
C$7
C$7
C$7
C$7
C$7
D$$,C$7
C$7
D$6 '
C$3.
S$8
S$8
■ C$8 .
C$8
C$8
. c$$
D$U5C$8
D$$9C$8
c$it
G$$
C$3
c$7
HF-a
C$6.
C$7
S$7
C$7
C$6
C$2
C$6
C$7
C$7
-1,7Table
6^ concluded.
PRIHflEY DRAINAGE
and !tributaries
Trout Cr.
"x
Hauser E.
Canyon Ferry Reservoir
Avalanche C r .
Wnite Gulch
Wilson Cr.
Deep Cr.
Greyson Cr.
Crow Cr.
So. Fk= Crow Cr.
(Noo Fk= Crow Cr=)
No. Fk= Crow Cr. I.
Tizer I.
Sixteenmile Cr.
So. Fk= Sixteenmile Cr.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
Other
game
fish
d
d
d
a■
RB
RB
RBN
C
C
E
E
REBW
RE
REB
RE
d
C
d.
d
a
C
d
d
Barriers
Information
source
.C£3
c £7
C$6
c$k
C$3
C$$
C$3
C$7
C$6
B
B
0#
C$3
C$$
C$8
■ ■ C$6
B
e
E
REBtJ
RE
I
I
Table 7 e
Cutthroat trout records in Area No® U (Fig. 12).
... .
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Jefferson River
(Willow Cr 7 r ~ ~
. .
.Willow Cr. Reservoir
(so; wliiow Cr:)
Bell L:
(No. Willow Cr.)
Hollow Top L.
So.Boulder R.
Sailor I .‘
(Boulder R.)
Bison Cr.
.,Boulder Cr.
Whitetall .Cr .
(Big Pipestone Cr.)
Delmoe L.
Haney Cr.
Fish Cr.
Hell Canyon Cr.
Big Hole River Sec. I
Big Hole R. Sec. 2
Big Hole R. Sec. 3
Birch Cr.
Pear L.
Tub I.
Willow Cr.
Bond. Cr.
Dubois Cr.
,. Cherry L.
Rock Cr »
Trapper Cr.
Camp Cr.
Canyon Cr.
(Divide Cr.)
No. F k . Divide Cr.
Jerry Cr,
(Tom Cr.)
Hamby L.
Wise R. .
Pattengail Cr.
Elk Cr.
.. Cutthroat
reiatipn
to other
game fish
,Other
game
fish
d
Barriers
RBW
..
information
source
"....
c#
'
...
d
REB
C£8
b
R
0^6
C
C
d
R
RE
EB
C$'8 .
,.C$6
C$3
.d d
b
REW
REB
EB
C$8
C$7
b
C
b
. b.
REB
d
d
d
.0
d
a
d
O
a
a
C
b
C
C
d
C
,.R
RE 1
R
' REBG
REBG
EEBG
E
RB
RE
E
--
RE
E,
E
HE
'
■
c$$
C$lt
C$7
G$8.
G$$
C$6 '
C$8
C$8
. C$7
c$$
C$7
C$3
C$3
C$3.
C$3
C$3 ,
C$3,D$6
C$6
.
C$3,D$6
.RE. '
REB
C$$ .
C$6,D$7
C$8
C$8:
C$8
C$1
C
E
d
d
REGW
REG
C
B
.
Table
J3continued.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and tributaries
•'r
Lacy Cr,
Bobcat Cr,
Mono Cr.
David Cr,
(Alder Cr,)
Johanna L*
(Deep Cr,)
French Gulch
American Cr,
(Sevenmile Cr,)
Twelve Mile Cr,
Ten Mile Cr,
Seymour Cr.
Lamarche Cr.
('Wo F k „ Eamarche Cr.)
Warren I.
Fishtrap Cr.
Mid. F k . Fishtrap Cr.
Pintlar.Cr, ,
Pintlar L.
(Plimpton Cr.)
Thompson L .
No. Fk. Big Hole R.
(Mussigbrod Cr.)’
Mussigbrod E.
Johnson Cr,
.Tie Cr,
(Ruby Cr.)
Big Moose Horn Cr.
(Trail Cr.)
Joseph1Cr.
(McVay Cr.)
Boot L.
(Swamp Cr.)
Moose Cr,
Steel Cr.,
Big Swamp Cr.
(SIag^a-Inelt Cr.)
SXag-a-melt L.
Ajax L.
Little lake Cr,
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
C
C
a
b
Other
game
fish
EG
E
RE
Barriers
BD~a
BD-a
NF-a
NF-a
a
Information
source
C£8,S£8
C27,S58
C#,Sg8
S^8
0^6
C
a
E
C?6
CB6
■o
e
e
C
C
E
RE
a
C
C
d
d
E
E
RE
RE
d
d
REGW
REG
C$3
C$it
e
d .
C
RE
E
D$6
C$6 .
C$7
C ■
E
C
E
d
RBW
C$7
RE
REG
E
C$8,D$8
C$8
b
d
e
a
a
C
D^7
D57
C56
C$6
no
.
BD-a
C$3
.C$6
S$8
C$6
C$6
- C$6
BD
RU
‘
D$7,S$8
C$8
C$7
c$$
E
-
C$8
Table T3 continued.
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Hamby Cr.)
(Englejard Cr.)
Englejard L„
Warm Spring Cr.
Governor Cr,
Berry Cr.
Jalanke Cr.
Van Hbuten L.
Jahnke L.
(Dark Horse "Cr.)
Dark Horse L=
Ball Cr.
Beaverhead River
Ruby R 0 Sec. I
Alder Gulch
. Granite Cr. .
Ledford Cr.
Warm Spring Cr.
Romey I.
Rattlesnake Cr.
Estler Cr.
Estler L.
Tent Lo
Minneopa L.
Blacktail Cr.
E. Fk= Blacktail Cr.
Indian Cr.
W 0 Fk. Blacktail Cr,
Grasshopper Cr.
(Horse Prairie Cr.)
(Medicine lodge Cr.)
(Dad Cr.)
Dad'L, .
Bloody Dick Cr.
Reservoir I,
(Red Rock R.)
Sage Cr.
Sheep Cr.
Deadman C r ,
Deadman I.
Nicholia C r .
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
a
d
d
C
C
d
■ a
C
e
d
d .
.d
a
C
e .
a
C
C
C
a
a
C
d
C
C
d
a
■c
C
C
C
C
a
b
Other
game
fish
Barriers
Information
source
C£8
C£83S£8
c£8
C58
C56
C57 '
c#
REGW
EG
EG
E
■
RE
■n
R
E
C56
C£8
RBW
REB
RE
ID
*
RE
-
RE
R
R-
W.
-
W
REW
REB
E
RE
REB
G#
M523C£6
c#
c#
c#
#7 .
P28 .
Cf>73S£8
C#
C£6
C5>8
c$h ■
C28
C$7
C$6
C$6
-
R
E
c$b
C$6
c$$
RE
RBW
C$3
C$7
B
BD
8^8
BD-a
C$8
C$6,S$7
-
R
— 5i°°
Table 7, continued
FRmmY
DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Cabin Cr=)
(Indian Cr=)
Morrison E.
little Sheep Cr.
E 0 F k 0 Little Sheep Cr.
"Wo Fko Little Sheep Cr.
(Willow Cr.)
Birch Cr.
long Cr.
Schultz Pond
(Lower Red Rock I.)
Odell Cr...
(Upper Red Rock L.)
Elk Springs Cr.
Elk E.
Red Rock Cr.
Hell Roaring Cr.
Madison River Sec. I
Madison R. Sec. 2
Madison R. Sec. 3
Madison R. Sec. It
Ennis I,.
(Meadow Cr.)
No. Meadow Cr.
Sureshot I.
Twin I.
McKelvey L.
So. Meadow Cr.
So. Meadow Cr. L.
(Plain Spring Cr.)
Axolotl L=
Indian Cr.
So. Fk= Indian Cr.
(W. F k . Madison R.)
(Cliff I.)
Goose I.
Elk R.
Hebgen L=
Grayling Cr.
So. Fk. Madison R.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
c
C
C
C
Other
game
fish
K
E
R
E
G
b
RE
b
b
d
b
RE
GL
REG
E
d
d
d
d
d
RBGW
REBG
REBG
RBGW
RBG
d
b
b
a
a
b
REB
E
R
—
R
C
C
R
R
BD
e™
a
C
d
b
d
Information
source
C#
G#
C#
C#6
a
b
a
a
Barriers
1»
RB
RBW
RB
RB
c#
E#B
-
#2,0#
NF-a
S#
NF-a
G #
C#
s 5 8 9d #
s#
c#
#
c
G
C
7
#
#
#
0#
C#
C#
c#
c#
c#
c#
NF-a
NF-a
S58
c#,s#
c#
c#
c#
c#
c$3
-
-52Table 7 S concluded»
PRIMARY H?AINAGE
and Tributaries
Gallatin River
Eo Gallatin R e
Ross Cr.
Hyalite C r .
Hyalite Reservoir
Emerald I,
Bridger Cr=
¥» Gallatin R 0 Sec0 I
Wo Gallatin R 0 Sec. 2
Beck and Border Canal
Spain Ferris Irr „ Ditch
Highline Canal
KLeinschmidt Canal
Spanish Cr.
S o o F k 0 Spanish Cr.
Spanish Lakes
Lake Solitude
(Noo F k 0 Spanish Cr,)
Chiquita L.
Hell Roaring Cr=
(Squaw Cr.)
Rat Lo
(Beaver Cr.)
Beaver Cr= L.
(Buffalo Cro)
Ramshorn L»
Taylor Fko Gallatin R=
Speciman C r 0
Bacon Rind Cr,
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
d
d
Other
game
fish
C
G
RBW
RBW
R .
RE
REBG
RG
REB
RBW
RBW
=
ca>
tao
<*n
E
RE
.a
a
Ca
C
d
b
C
d
d
d
e
e
e
e
Barriers
BD
-
a
C
R
C
R
NF-a
a
C58
S58
C57
=■
a
C
C 58
C58
c5b
C58
857,058
c5it
C56
c5ii
M5i,c5B,s58
m 5i
M52
m 5i
M5l
058
858
C58
c58
C58
a
C
Information
source
R
R
.
BD-a
-
c58
c55
858
057,858
“53Table
80 Cutthroat trout, records in Area No, 5 (Fig, 13),
PRIMARY DRAINAGE .
and Tributaries
IELEONSTONE
Yellowstone
Yellowstone
Yellowstone
Yellowstone
RIVER See, 5
R 0--See', 6
R, Sec, 7
R. Sec, 8
R, Sec, 9
Bighorn River
Little Bighorn R, Sec, I
Little' Bighorn R, Sec, 2
Lodge Grass Cr.
Elbow Cr,
Rottengrass Cr,
Black Canyon Cr,
Dry Head Cr.
Crooked Cr,
Sage Cr,
Pryor C r , ,
Eo Fie, Pryor Cr,
Broadwater Drain
Clarks F k 0 Yellowstone River
Clarks Fk, R, See, I
Clarks Fk, R, See, 2
Clarks F k , R. See, 3
Rock Cr, Sec, I
Rock Cr, Sec, 2
Rock Cr, Sec, 3
Red Lodge Cr,
Cooney Reservoir
Willow C r .
m i l o w Cr, E,
(W. Fk, Rock Cr.)
(Basin Cr,)
Basin Cr, L«
Falls F k , Rock Cr,
Broadwater L,
Keyser Brown L.
First Rock Cr, L,
Second Rock Cr, L.
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
d
d
d
d
C
d
d
d
b
C
d
d
b
d
d
C
C
C
d
0
d
d
d
d
C
C
d
b
b
C
C
b
b
Other
game
fish
Barriers
RBW
RBW
REBW
REBW
RBW
REBW
REBlf
REBW
RB
REB
REB
B
E
RE
RE
R .
E
RE
RBW
E
RBW
REBW
REBW
RE
R
'
REBW
RBW
E
E
E
E
E
E
Information
source
C58
C 56
C 58,M$8
C58
C58
C56
C56
c#
058
BD-a
NF
BD-a
ID
S58
D57
C58.S58
C58,S58
s58
C55,k57,s58
o5b
c53
052,057
052
c22
c$k
C$h
C56
027
c56
c 2if
022
058
c5L
058
058
057
Table 8S continued
PRIMAHT DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
(Hellroaring Cr0)
Hellroaring L 0
Sliderock I 0
Glacier L 0
Hock Island L 0
Margaret L 0
(Broadwater H 0)
Kersey L 0
Broadwater L „
Lady of the Lake Cr.
Lady of the Lake
Ovis L 0
Corner Li
Stillwater River Sec0 I
S=ETHwaGer H T -S e c T T Stillwater H 0 Sec0 3
W 0 Rosebud Cr.
Fishtail C r 0
Fiddler Cr.
Mystic L 0
(Eo Rosebud Cr.)
Thunder L.
(Goose C r 0)
Goose L.
Bridger Cr.
Lower Deer Cr.
Sweetgrass Cr.
Campfire Lo
Boulder River Sec. I
Boulder H 0 Sec, 3
W. Boulder R 0
E 0 Boulder H 0
Elk Cr.
Fourmile Cr.
E. F k 0 Boulder R.
(Big Timber Cr.V
Swamp Cr.
Cutthroat Other relation
game
Barriers
to other
fish
game.fish
C
a '
b
C
E
Information
source
#3
• C31t
058
Cf?3'
C58
E
E
a
C
RE
<{
E
C
C
E
RE
Ch 7
c#
#3
c#
C28
#8
a
a
«0
d
d
d
d
d
d
RBinr
RBW
REBW
REBinr
REB
REB
C
R
c$U
C$8
C
R
C$1*
c#
Cf>8
M38SC5U
C$8
C$6
a
C$1*
C
E
C$6
b
d
B
RB
R
C$6
C$8
C$6
C
d
d
d
d
d
C
C
C
a
REBW
RE
REBW
HBW
HBW
R
H
REB
HF
HF
C$8
G$8,M$8,D$8
C$7
C$8
C$3
D$8SM$8
C$8"
C$3
c$3
Table 8, concluded
Other
game
fish
PRIMARY DRAINAGE
and Tributaries
Cutthroat
relation
to other
game fish
Little Timber Cr.
Mission.Cr.
Little Mission.Cr.
a
_
C
RB
-
Shields Rivey Sec. I
Shields R. Sec. £
Shields R. Sec. 3 '
Willow Cr.
Rock Cr.
Brackett Cr.
Skunk Cr.
Cottonwood Cr.
(Horsefly Cr.)
Horse Cr.
(Cottonwood Cr.)
Flathead Cr.
Porcupine Cr,
So. Fk. Shields R.
Mill Cr.
Fleshman Cr.
Trail Cr.
Spring Cr.
Mill Cr.
Passage Cr.
Carpenter L.
Sixmile Cr.
Dailey L.
Big Cr,
Donahue Cr,
Rook Cr,
Tom Miner Or,•
Mol Heron Cr,
(Cinnabar Or,)
Mill Or,
Mol Heron L,
Bear Cr,
Billman Or.
Hellroaring Or,
Slough Or,
Buffalo Fork
(Lake Abundance Cr,)
Lake Abundance
a
C
d
d
a
C
C
.b
C
REB
RB
EBW .
REB
REB
B
REB
a
-
b
b
a
REBW
EB
C
E
C
E
RE
RBW
R
p*
.
«
E
RK
REB
d
d
C
a
a
b
d
d
a
a
o'
a’
RE
R
E
C
R
BD
BD
BD-a
c58
C58
S57,C58
C58
C58,s58
C58 .
C57
C58,S58’
c57
ED—a
R
n
Information
source■
C56
c53
C56
-
b
a
b
b
a
b
a
Barriers
NF-a
NF-a ■
657,058
c57
C57
c57
c57
d57,c58
058
058,858
056
C56
o53
c58
c58
o55
'053
058,858
057 '
'057
057
057
o57
055
057,958
053,858
058
-5>6SBISffiET
1»
The distribution of cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) and some
factors affecting it were investigated during the summers of 195>7 and
1958.
2o
Distribution records were obtained from the following sourcesj
100 streams surveyed, east of the Continental Divide; 219 records from
fisheries biologists and 769 from creel census returns (Montana Fish and
Game Department); 35 records from the Montana State College collection.
3.
'
'
Tlfty-five (75 percent) of the streams with cutthroat trout had
J
W
populations of cutthroat trout above barriers.
The important barriers
were natural falls, high gradient areas, and beaver dams.
It.
Tdherever rainbow and/or eastern brook trout were present in
association with cutthroat trout they were predominant.
5.
Cutthroat trout are presently restricted to the headwaters of
streams which originally were entirely inhabited by them=
Influencing
factors of their distribution are; stream habitat changes, competition
with exotic species and hybridization with rainbow trout.
6.
Taxonomic determinations were based upon the examination of
3b$
cutthroat trout (126 from streams that had never been stocked with rain­
bow trout), 51i rainbow trout and 88 rainbow X cutthroat trout.
7„
ho single characteristic was found to be adequate for identifi­
cation but when used in combination satisfactory separation of fish over
l+,0 inches in total length was achieved.
8,
Cutthroat trout were recorded from a total of 699 streams and
-272IiU lakes in Montana.
They -mere predominant (only game fish present or
ranked first in relation to any other game fish) in 223 (38 percent)
streams and lU2 (28 percent) lakes.
9.
Records of cutthroat trout are listed and distribution plotted
on m aps.
/
L I T E R A T U R E C ITED
i
Evermann, Barton W«
1893. A reconnaissance of the streams and lakes of western Montana
and northwestern Wyoming. Bull. Ti. S. Fish Comm. 11:3-60.
Evermann, Barton W. and Ulysses 0. Cox.
189U. Report upon the fishes of the Missouri River Basin.
Comm, of Fish and Fisheries. 20:322-U29..
Jordan5 David Starr.
I 889. Cutthroat abundance in Yellowstone Park.
Comm. 9sUl-63.
Lucke5 A.
1928.
History records of Fort Assinneboine.
U. S. •
Bull. U. S. Fish
Havre5 Montana.
Miller5 R. R.
1920. Notes on the cutthroat and rainbow trouts with the description
of a new species from the Gila River5 New Mexico. Ann ,Arbor5
Michigan. Univ. Mich. Press. Occasional Papers5 M u s . Zool.
No. 229 U 2 p p .
Wilkins5 L. P.
1922° Observations on the field use of Cresol as a stream-survey
method. Prog. Fish Cult. 17(2-):82-66. .
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
762 1001
90 O
136433