2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
2013 Stand Management
Coop Annual Report
This Report provides general background information regarding Stand Management Coop’s
(SMC) overall research goals, analyses and summaries of the major findings, conclusions,
and recommendations from 2013.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE
Annual Report
January-December 2013
University of Washington
School of Environmental and Forest Science (SEFS)
4000 15th Ave NE-Box 352100
Seattle, WA 98105-2100
Gregory Ettl, Director
206-685-5433 phone
ettl@uw.edu
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Contents
Mission .................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Organization ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4
2013 SMC Members and Policy Committee Representatives ................................................................................................ 5
Modeling Project ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
Silviculture Project.................................................................................................................................................... 6
Nutrition Project....................................................................................................................................................... 6
Wood Quality Project ............................................................................................................................................... 7
Review Measurements Approach (RMA) ................................................................................................................. 7
Budget Finance Committee (BFC) ............................................................................................................................ 7
Installation Review Committee (IRC) ....................................................................................................................... 7
Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
From the Director ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
2013 Highlights SMC Research Accomplishments ............................................................................................................ 10
SMC and Synergistic Research ........................................................................................................................................... 10
Center for Advanced Forest Systems (CAFS) ........................................................................................................... 10
Joint SMC, CAFS, Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA), National Council for Air and Stream
Improvement (NCASI), UW and Weyerhaeuser Research ....................................................................................... 11
Completed 2013....................................................................................................................................................... 11
Continued in 2014 .................................................................................................................................................... 12
Joint SMC, CAFS, NARA, NCASI, UW and USFS Research ........................................................................................ 12
UW, SMC, CAFS, USFS Continued Research ............................................................................................................. 12
SMC Presentations ................................................................................................................................................... 13
Initiated Publications / Reports ............................................................................................................................... 13
2013-2014 Completed Measurements ................................................................................................................... 15
Breakdown of Data Collection ................................................................................................................................. 15
Potential Future Research Question ........................................................................................................................ 15
Potential Tools ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
Financial Management ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
Financial Management and Administration ...................................................................................................................... 18
New Dues Funding Formula ................................................................................................................................... 18
Institutional In-Kind Support ......................................................................................................................... 19
Financial Support .......................................................................................................................................... 19
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Budget Breakdown ........................................................................................................................................ 19
Financial Support Table 4 .................................................................................................................................................. 20
Budget Breakdown Table 5 ................................................................................................................................................ 21
Field Work-Database Reports ........................................................................................................................................... 22
Field Installation Descriptions ........................................................................................................................ 23
Database Update ........................................................................................................................................... 25
Table 3: SMC Work Schedule 2013-2014 ....................................................................................................... 27
Table 4: SMC Work Schedule 2014-2015 ....................................................................................................... 29
Research 2013 ................................................................................................................................................................... 31
TAC Silviculture, Eric Turnblom ................................................................................................................................. 32
Genetic Gain / SMC Type IV trials (GGTIV) Update ........................................................................................ 33
Yield Performance of SMC Type I, II, and III Installations, a.k.a., The (SMC)2 Analysis .................................. 34
The Effects of Soil Parent Material and Nitrogen Fertilization on Douglas-fir Wood Properties .................. 34
Logging Residue Ratios Update...................................................................................................................... 34
Publications ................................................................................................................................................... 35
TAC Modeling, Dave Marshall ................................................................................................................................... 36
TAC Wood Quality, Eini Lowell .................................................................................................................................. 36
Presentations ................................................................................................................................................. 36
Publications .................................................................................................................................................... 37
TAC Nutrition, Rob Harrison ..................................................................................................................................... 37
SMC Type V (Paired-Tree Studies) ................................................................................................................. 38
Deep Soil Carbon and Nitrogen...................................................................................................................... 39
Residence Time of Carbon and Decomposition of Douglas-fir Stumps ......................................................... 40
Fate of Nitrogen N-15 studies of the Paired-tree Study ................................................................................ 41
Presentations ................................................................................................................................................. 42
Publications .................................................................................................................................................... 42
Center for Advanced Forest Systems (CAFS) 2013 ................................................................................................... 43
Graduate Students ............................................................................................................................................................. 47
SMC By-Laws ...................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Tech Transfere ................................................................................................................................................................... 56
Appendices ........................................................................................................................................................................ 65
SMC Staff and Contact Information ................................................................................................................................... 96
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Mission
To provide a continuing source of high-quality information on the long-term effects of silvicultural treatments and
treatment regimes on stand and tree growth and development and on wood and product quality.
Organization
The SMC is composed of forest industry, state, provincial, and federal agencies, suppliers, and universities and other
institutions who commit resources and expertise to the mission. The voting Policy Committee, composed of dues-paying
members, controls policy with the goal of establishing the highest possible technical standards in carrying out its
mission. Technical Advisory Committees (TAC’s) in Silviculture, Nutrition, Wood Quality, and Modeling, comprised of
leading scientists, have been created to develop plans for research projects that are approved by the Policy Committee.
The SMC is headquartered at the School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, which
provides administration and staffing.
Policy Committee Chair
Dean Stuck
Hancock Forest Management
Vice Chair
Candace Cahill
Rayonier, USFR
Director
Gregory Ettl
UW/SEFS
Field Crew, Database
B. Gonyea, B. Hasselberg, R. Collier
Nutrition Project Leader
R. Harrison, UW/SEFS
Projects
Technical Advisory Committees
Silviculture Project Leader
E. Turnblom, UW/SEFS
Wood Quality Project Leader
E. Lowell, USFS PNWRS
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Administrative Staff
M. O’Shea
Modeling Project Leader
D. Marshall, Weyerhaeuser NR
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
2013 SMC Members and Policy Committee Representatives
Land Managing Organizations
American Forest Management, Inc.
Bureau of Land Management
The Campbell Group
Cascade Timber Consulting
Green Diamond Resource Company
Hampton Affiliates
Hancock Forest Management
King County Department of Natural Resources
Lone Rock Timber
Longview Timberlands, LLC.
Olympic Resource Management
Oregon State Department of Forestry
Pacific Denkmann Company, Pilchuck Tree Farm
Plum Creek Timber Company
Port Blakely Tree Farms LP
Quinault Indian Nation
Rayonier USFR
Roseburg Resources
Sierra Pacific Industries
Stimson Lumber Company
TimberWest Forest Corporation
Washington State Department of Natural Resources
West Fork Timber Company LLC
Weyerhaeuser NR Company
Jesse Saunders
George McFadden
Dave Rumker
Bill Marshall
Randall Greggs
Dennis Creel
Dean Stuck
Roberta King
Bryan Nelson
Andy Hopkins
Scott Holmen
Tod Haren
Allen Staringer
Conner Fristoe
Mike Mosman
Jim Plampin
Candace Cahill
Tony Powell
Tom Nelson
Margaret Banks
Andres Enrich
Scott McLeod
Gene McCaul
Greg Johnson
Analytic Organizations
Flewelling Biometrics Consultant
Mason, Bruce, & Girard
Jim Flewelling
Steve Fairweather
Suppliers
Dyno Nobel
Robert Handford
Institutions
B.C. Ministry of Forests, Research Branch
Canadian Wood Fibre Centre
Oregon State University
University of British Columbia
University of Washington
U.S. Forest Service PNW Research Station
Louise de Montigny
Cosmin Filipescu
Doug Maguire
Bruce Larson
Greg Ettl
Gretchen Nicholas
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Technical Advisory Committees
Silviculture Project cont.
Modeling Project
Project Leader, David Marshall, Weyerhaeuser
Steve Loy, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Burt Dial, Hancock Forest Management
Bill Marshall, Cascade Timber Consulting
Andres Enrich, TimberWest Forest Corporation
Dave Marshall, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Greg Ettl, University of Washington
Gene McCaul, West Fork Timber Company LLC
Jim Flewelling, Biometric Consultant
George McFadden, Bureau of Land Management
Sean Garber, Olympic Resource Management
Mark McKelvie, Hancock Forest Management
Randall Greggs, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Scott McLeod, Washington DNR
Dave Hamlin, Campbell Group
Louise de Montigny, B.C. Ministry of Forests
Scott Holub, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Mike Mosman, Port Blakely Tree Farms LP
Greg Johnson, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Bryan Nelson, Lone Rock Timber
Steve Loy, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Jim Plampin, Quinault Indian Nation
Doug Maguire, Oregon State University
Jim Vander Ploeg, Hancock Forest Management
John Paul McTague, Rayonier USFR
Bruce Ripley, Hancock Forest Management
Bob Meurisse, USFS, PNWRS
Dave Rumker, Campbell Group
Chris Sexton, Lone Rock Timber
Chris Sexton, Lone Rock Timber
Eric Turnblom, University of Washington
Allen Staringer, Pacific Denkmann, Pilchuck Tree Farm
Larry Wiechelman, Quinault Indian Nation
Gareth Waugh, Port Blakely Tree Farms LP
Nutrition Project
Silviculture Project
Project Leader, Eric Turnblom, UW SEFS
Project Leader, Rob Harrison, UW SEFS
Jerry Anderson, Hancock Forest Management
Jerry Anderson, Hancock Forest Management
Margaret Banks, Stimson Lumber Company
Candace Cahill, Rayonier USFR
Candace Cahill, Rayonier USFR
Andres Enrich, TimberWest Forest Corporation
Brian D’Anjou, B.C. Ministry of Forests
Greg Ettl, University of Washington
Florian Deisenhofer, Hancock Forest Management
Sean Garber, Olympic Resource Management
Burt Dial, Hancock Forest Management
Randall Greggs, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Andres Enrich, TimberWest-Forest Corporation
Scott Holmen, Olympic Resource Management
Greg Ettl, University of Washington
Scott Holub, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Sean Garber, Olympic Resource Management
Keith Jayawickrama, NWTIC, OSU
Randall Greggs, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Greg Johnson, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Dave Hamlin, Campbell Group
Mark Kincaid, Lone Rock Timber
Todd Haren, Oregon Dept. Forestry
Steve Loy, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Connie Harrington, USFS PNWRS
Doug Maguire, Oregon State University
Rob Harrison, University of Washington
Mark McKelvie, Hancock Forest Management
Scott Holman, Olympic Resource Management
Josh Misenar, Sierra Pacific Industries
Keith Jayawickrama, NWTIC, OSU
Mike Mosman, Port Blakely Tree Farms LP
Greg Johnson, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Louise de Montigny, B.C. Ministry of Forests
Mark Kincaid, Lone Rock Timber
Rod Negrave, B.C. Ministry of Forests
Eini Lowell, USFS PNWRS
Bryan Nelson, Lone Rock Timber
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Technical Advisory Committees
Budget Finance Committee (BFC)
Nutrition Project cont.
Bruce Ripley, Hancock Forest Management
Candace Cahill, Rayonier USFR
Chris Sexton, Lone Rock Timber
Louise de Montigny, B.C. Ministry of Forests
Brian Sharer, Hancock Forest Management
Greg Ettl, University of Washington
Eric Turnblom, University of Washington
Steve Gravell, Plum Creek Timber Co.
Randall Greggs, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Wood Quality Project
Scott Holmen, Olympic Resource Management
Project Leader, Eini Lowell, USFS PNWRS
Greg Johnson, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Neris Biciunas, Rayonier, USFR
Gene McCaul, West Fork Timber Company LLC
Jeff Brandt, Oregon Department of Forestry
George McFadden, Bureau of Land Management
Jeff DeBell, Washington DNR
Scott McLeod, Washington DNR
Louise de Montigny, B.C. Ministry of Forests
Mike Mosman, Port Blakely Tree Farms LP
Dave Hamlin, Campbell Group
Bryan Nelson, Lone Rock Timber
Burt Dial, Hancock Forest Management
Megan O’Shea, University of Washington
Greg Ettl, University of Washington
Dean Stuck, Hancock Forest Management
Cosmin Filipescu, Canadian Forest Service
Installation Review Committee (IRC)
Jim Flewelling, Consultant
Sean Garber, Olympic Resource Management
Greg Ettl, University of Washington
Randall Greggs, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Bob Gonyea, University of Washington
Tod Haren, Oregon Department of Forestry
Sean Garber, Olympic Resource Management
Connie Harrington, USFS PNWRS
Randall Greggs, Green Diamond Resource Co.
Rob Harrison, University of Washington
Dave Hamlin, Campbell Group
Glenn Howe, Oregon State University
Tod Haren, Oregon Department of Forestry
Greg Johnson, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Bert Hasselberg, University of Washington
Ross Koppenaal, Canadian Forest Service
Scott Holmen, Olympic Resource Management
Doug Maguire, NWTIC, Oregon State University
Eini Lowell, USFS PNW RS
Doug Mainwaring, Oregon State University
Josh Misenar, Sierra Pacific Industries
David Marshall, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
George McFadden, Bureau of Land Management
George McFadden, Bureau of Land Management
Dave Marshall, Weyerhaeuser NR Co.
Dave Rumker, Campbell Group
Jim Vander Ploeg, Hancock Forest Management
Chris Sexton, Lone Rock Timber
Bruce Ripley, Hancock Forest Management
Eric Turnblom, University of Washington
Eric Turnblom, University of Washington
Review Measurements Approach (RMA)
Louise de Montigny, B.C. Ministry of Forests
Sean Garber, Olympic Resource Management
Connie Harrington, USFS PNW RS
Scott Holmen, Olympic Resource Management
Megan O’Shea, University of Washington
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Executive Summary
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
From the Director
T
he SMC formalized a transition plan in 2013 to increase research capacity. The short-term
goal was to reduce expenses in 2013 in order to assure sufficient carryover into 2014. The
first step in that process was reducing staffing related to database management. The
membership then voted a 10% increase in dues to take effect in 2014, setting the stage for
growth in research projects. I thank Dean Stuck for serving as the Policy Chair and Candace
Cahill as the Vice Chair. Their guidance has assured a smooth transition.
We made substantial progress reinvigorating our research program in 2013. We solicited a
Greg Ettl, SMC Director
competitive call for research proposals, and the Policy Advisory Committee reviewed those
proposals early in 2013. Unfortunately, limited reserves delayed funding of a proposal until the
fall meeting 2013. The competitive RFP approach is one we will repeat in 2014 with funding of new projects. Our
approach in initiating new projects has been cautious and we have traded-off quick progress for an assurance that we
will have sufficient funds to maintain operations. A joint Technical Advisory Committee meeting in November of 2013
helped us refine three potential research topics leading to proposals.
We considered three primary proposals for funding in 2013:
1. The first proposal was an extension of the paired tree plot study, to include paired fertilization plots. The
approach called for installation of paired plots in parallel to paired tree studies. Our understanding of the
factors driving site response to fertilizer would be improved by this approach, but most importantly the plotbased approach would allow calculations of increased yield. We decided to not fund this research as we first
pursued using the RFNRP data from natural stands to refine the information from the paired tree studies. The
paired plot study will likely be reconsidered in a next round of research proposals.
2. A second proposal sought to examine the impacts of fertilization on early wood quality by utilizing the
experimental design of the paired-tree study. The proposal included examining: ring width, wood density, and
acoustic velocity among sites known to respond to fertilization and the non-responding sites. The work was
proposed in cooperation with the Center for Intensive Planted-forest Silviculture. The study design was rejected
due to worries of the level and applicability of early differences in wood quality response to fertilization.
3. A third proposal examining the efficacy of precommercial thinning was funded. This project aims to describe the
response of stands to the timing and intensity of pre-commercial thinning on stands of varying initial conditions.
Eric Turnblom initiated the work in the fall of 2013, following approval at the fall meeting. The work will use
data from Type I and Type III installation spacing trials accounting for site index, along with covariates slope,
aspect, and elevation. The project will explore multiple linear and nonlinear modeled responses of yield and
wood quality to precommercial thinning. The work will build output tables and equation describing tradeoffs
between yield, and wood quality. The work will address fundamental questions such as stand trajectory with
PCT vs. similar initial stocking. Outputs will allow members to then use their own assumptions of costs, and
timber markets—this should aid landowners in determining the timing and utility of precommercial thinning
practices.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
2013 Highlights
SMC Research Accomplishments
W
e continue to use the majority of our resources for measuring and maintaining the SMC plots and database,
the dues increase now allows a transition to further our joint research agenda. The research efforts are led
primarily by the Technical Advisory Committees (TACs): Wood Quality: Eini Lowell; Modeling: Dave Marshall;
Nutrition: Rob Harrison; and Silviculture: Eric Turnblom. The silviculture and nutrition TAC leaders receive the equivalent
of 2 months of salary support each for research efforts. The wood quality and modeling TAC have been without steady
funding for a number of years. In 2013 we went to a ½ database manager as a test to determine the feasibility of such
an appointment to maintain the database. The next step is hiring of a research scientist to support both the database
and lead one of the TACs.
SMC and Synergistic Research
Center for Advanced Forest Systems (CAFS)
C
AFS projects funded for nutrition included the 15 N project, jointly with
Virginia Tech, NC State and Purdue University, which resulted in 10 Type V
Douglas-fir, 18 loblolly pine, and several black walnut plantations fertilized
with 200 lb N/ac heavily enriched with 15 N, a stable isotope that can be traced
through the ecosystem, hopefully showing the fate of the 15 N. We have one joint
DF/loblolly paper that has just been submitted to the journal “Remote Sensing of
Environment” entitled “Hyperspectral Prediction of Foliar Isotopic Nitrogen in
Loblolly Pine and Douglas-fir Ecosystems”. Final samples are still being processed,
and the project should be completed in early 2015. Graduate student Stephani
Michelsen-Correa will base her Ph.D. dissertation on this research. A second CAFS
project “Understanding Site-Specific Factors Affecting the Nutrient Demands and
Response to Fertilizer by Douglas-fir” will continue to collect data, analyze it, and
prepare tools and journal articles from research of the overall goals of the SMC
Type V studies, which are to understand the factors that can predict potential
response to N fertilizers, and develop a useful management tool for predicting
response. Three journal articles initiated in 2013 were published in 2014 with CAFS
support, and several more are being reviewed and/or written.
Funded silviculture project included the Impact of genetic gain, weed control and
spacing on wood stiffness, density, and knot index in a large-plot trial of Coastal
Douglas-fir. To date, the following data have been collected representing 20
families (10 each in elite gain and moderate gain levels) and woodsrun stock types
growing in 44 plots, at 2 sites: acoustic velocity (1320 trees), resistograph
measurements (575 trees), and specific gravity measurements derived from 575
increment cores, and knot index data (1848 trees). Preliminary analyses to test for
differences among genetic gain levels, spacing, and weed control have been
10
CAFS: How does it work?
The co-ops remain
independent—responding to
their member priorities
University faculties propose
projects for the additional
NSF funds.
Project proposals are
presented at the Annual
Meeting.
Members at the meeting give
instant feedback.
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
completed on DBH, total Height, knot index, acoustic velocity, and specific gravity data. While DBH and Height continue
to be directly related to genetic gain level, as has been reported previously, preliminary indications are that spacing is
the major determinant of stem quality at this stage of growth. In the spring of 2014 the grad student will complete her
M.S. and submit a journal article.
ncasi
Joint SMC, CAFS, Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA), National Council for Air
and Stream Improvement (NCASI), UW and Weyerhaeuser Research
Completed 2013
1.
Additional analysis of Type V (paired-tree) research project. Primary work done by Dr. Kim Littke, currently a
post-doc, with assistance from Dr. Marcia Ciol, a biostatistician. Two papers prepared in 2013 resulted in
journal articles to be published in 2014 in Forest Ecology and Management and Canadian Journal of Forest
Research, work in 2013 also resulted in an additional paper accepted for publication in Forest Science.
2.
Evaluation of impacts of intensive harvest and competing vegetation control on productivity and soil carbon
for the Fall River long-term soil productivity study. Work through 2013 submitted for publication in Soil
Science Society of America Journal.
3. Analyzed and reported age-9 data (DBH, Ht, crown-base-height, survival, ramicorning, sinuosity, tree volume,
BA per ac., Volume per ac., collected on three GGTIV sites planted in 2005 as they relate to stand density,
genetic gain, and weed control.
4.
Research on effects of urea fertilization on carbon sequestration to relate to carbon credits and long-term
forest productivity for SMC Type I sites, publication written and reviewed in 2013 resulted in one journal
publication in Forest Ecology and Management (Shryock et al., 2014).
5.
Analysis of properties of deep soil (up to 350 cm) at 22 SMC Type V sites, and developed tool for predicting
soil C from normal, shallower soil sampling. Work through 2013 resulted in publication in Soil Science Society
of America Journal in 2014 (James et al., 2014).
6.
Research on impacts of biomass removal, soil compaction, tillage, and competing vegetation control on
Douglas-fir plantation productivity at the Fall River long-term soil productivity study, joint with
Weyerhaeuser and other scientists, resulting in one publication in Forest Ecology and Management (Holub et
al., 2013).
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
7.
Research on impacts of two vegetation control treatments on tree biomass, Carbon, and Nitrogen at the Fall
River long-term soil productivity study, resulting in publication of a USFS Research paper (Devine et al.,
2013).
8.
Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA) meeting in Corvallis, Oregon (OSU) on SMC projects on
long-term forest productivity related to biofuels. Five graduate students, Rob Harrison and Post-doc. Kim
Littke presented.
9.
Analysis of nitrogen limitations for sustained productivity of whole-tree vs. bole-only harvest for the coastal
Douglas-fir region for bioenergy. Publication of one journal article in Forest Science (Himes et al. 2013).
Joint SMC, CAFS, NARA, NCASI, UW and Weyerhaeuser
LTSP Network
To be continued 2014
1.
Fate of nitrogen in NARA Long-Term Soil Productivity Site (LTSP) near
Affiliated
Core Sites
Springfield, Oregon. Collected solutions from soil lysimeters installed at
study site.
2.
Participated in analysis of adequacy of current science in evaluating
impacts of biomass harvesting on soil productivity with NCASI and southern
pine researchers. One publication was written in 2013 and will be published in
2014.
Joint SMC, CAFS, UW, and USFS
To be continued 2014
1.
Using 15N cycling in 10 SMC Type V sites to understand the fate of urea fertilizers and impacts of fertilizer
treatments on forest response and fate of N. Prepared and presented final report will be spring of 2014.
2.
Felled and measured 16 "young" western hemlock trees from buffers of four SMC Type I installations across
a range of tree sizes and stand densities at two latitudes within the Olympic Peninsula for biomass
determination as part of "Phase II" of USFS funded project assessing, among other things, logging residue for
biomass / bio-fuel.
3.
Collected wood property data (standing tree Time-Of-Flight Acoustic Velocity, Resistance, increment cores)
for wood quality evaluation on 22 plots at two GGTIV sites planted in 2005 before the growing season (age 9
y) and collected similar data on six plots at one site planted in 2006 after the growing season (same age);
plans to continue assessment.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
SMC Presentations
1. Presentation and mini-course “Sustainable production forestry and use of forests for bioenergy in the
USA” presented to faculty, students and guests of USP, Univ. do Sao Paulo, Escola Superior de Luiz-deQueiroz, Piracicaba. Additional presentation and mini-course to faculty, students and guests of UNESP.
2. NPA, Instituto Nacional Pesquiza Amazonas, Manaus, the primary Brazilian Amazon research center, on
“Use of intensive production forestry as a tool for forest conservation in the USA”.
3. 2013 SMC Annual Meetings, including several presentations by graduate students.
4. North American Forest Soils Conference in Whitefish, Montana. Four graduate students and Rob Harrison
presented on SMC projects to an international audience of forest soil scientists.
5. Soil Science Society of America Conference in Tampa, Florida. Three graduate students presented on SMC
projects to an international audience of soil scientists.
6. Northwest Science meeting in Missoula, Montana. SMC graduate student Jason James presented on SMC
project on deep soil properties and importance to a PNW regional audience.
7. Center for Advanced Forest Systems meeting in Brunswick, Georgia, on SMC projects on long-term forest
productivity related to CAFS projects on 15N, deep soil, and forest productivity.
Initiated Publications / Reports
1. Proposal for new studies that would include paired-tree (Type V) coupled with plot-based studies.
Developed funding that could include Dr. Littke, several graduate students, and pay for instrumentation
of sites. Presented to the SMC, but currently still under consideration for a go-ahead.
2. Cooperation with international and US soil scientists on soil carbon, particularly relating soil sampling for
C sequestration research and credits. One publication was written in 2013 and will be published in 2014
(Jandl et al., 2014).
3. Developed a PCT Analysis proposal, vetted it through the Silviculture TAC, the PAC, general membership,
subsequently funded.
4. Developed draft proposal jointly with Wood Quality, Modeling, and Nutrition TACs to develop protocols
for "sunsetting" SMC Type I installations.
5. Disseminated results of preliminary analysis of GGTIV wood property data at CAFS annual meeting and at
SMC Spring meeting, and at NTIC annual meeting.
6. Re-formulated yield model framework for the (SMC) 2 Analysis Report (aka., the Type I, II, III Performance
Report), fit Type III and Type I base models to DF, WH, and DF/WH mixed plantations (part of Kevin
Ceder's PhD Dissertation work).
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
7.
Derived from measurements and began analysis of data from both destructive and non-destructive wood
property assessment in two "Beyond-N" (similar to SMC Type V installations) and five SMC Type V sites
(Luyi Li's MS Thesis project).
8.
Released draft SMC Working Paper for comment that detailed methods and models in the (SMC)
2
analysis.
9.
Released beta-version of browser-based Plantation Yield Calculator.
SEFS Hosted Scientists and Students
•
Dr. Irae Guerrini, UNESP, Univ. Estado do Sao Paulo, Botucatu for a visit, including a presentation on
Brazilian Forestry to the SEFS faculty, students and guests.
•
Graduate student Vitor Gamba, UNESP, Univ. Estado does Sao Paulo, Botucatu for 4 months. Vitor
participated in field and lab work on SMC projects, and is a co-author of a journal article on SMC research.
•
Graduate student Thiago Bonassi from USP, Univ. does Sao Paulo, Escola Superior de Luiz-de-Queiroz,
Piracicaba for 6 months. Thiago participated in field and lab work on SMC projects.
•
Graduate student Luiz Souza, UNESP, Univ. Estado does Sao Paulo, Botucatu for 3 months. Luiz
participated in field and lab work on SMC projects.
•
Graduate student Grasiela Spada, UNESP, Univ. Estado does Sao Paulo,
Botucatu for 3 months. Grasiela participated in field and lab work on SMC
projects.
Meetings (Minutes and Agenda page 65)
•
•
•
•
3 Policy Advisory Committee
3 SMC Modeling, Silviculture, Wood Quality Meeting and Nutrition
TAC Meetings
 Joint TAC meeting in fall to iron out most important criteria
and indicators for the PCT analysis, as well as to elicit further
discussion and ideas regarding the process of determining
SMC Fall Field Tour,
Ostanader Road
"value" of SMC research sites through multidimensional
Installation Type I
scaling, hierarchical clustering, or other methods.
Spring and Fall Annual Meeting
 Conducted field tour of "Ostrander Road" installation (SMC Type I) to review treatment
outcomes and facilitate further discussion regarding sunsetting protocols, discussed further
at the Policy Committee meeting.
NSF Center for Advanced Forestry Systems Annual Meeting
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
2013-2014 Completed Measurements (see Table 3: page 27 for detail )
•
•
•
•
•
Type I:
Complete remeasurements; 8 installations; RD check 11 plots; Marked 5 plots
Type III: Complete remeasurements; 8 installations; Marked 1 plot
Type IV: Complete remeasurements; 3 installations
Type V: Complete remeasurements; 32 installations
Breakdown of Data Collection
40%
10%
5%
10%
75%
10%
10%
5%
25%
100%
Scheduled measuring Type I, II, III, IV, and V plots
Mid-cycle RD checks and marking for thinning
Plot Maintenance 10% Foliage/soils collections
Plot treatments (thinning, pruning, fertilizing)
Remeasurements and dormant season work
New plot establishment (includes site location, surveying, tagging, etc.)
Special projects
Graduate student support
For other work
Total
Potential Future Research Question
1. Focused data analysis and/or synthesis of existing research needed for understanding the biological and
economic effects of intensive silviculture practices and associated risk and uncertainty (especially with respect
to climate change and forest health).
2. Wood quality associated with spacing and fertilization in plantations—Type I final sampling.
3. Does fertilization impact growth and yield of subsequent plantations—Type I follow up.
4. The need to know what the response to fertilizer is in plantations. We are now starting to get results as to
where we get a response; we need to know the magnitude of the response. What happens if we add ½ or ¼ as
much fertilizer as we have been applying? Move beyond N fertilization to N,P,K and/or micronutrients.
5. What are optimal initial planting densities, incorporating good site prep and control of competing vegetation,
and fertilization regimes as influenced by soils, local climate, and other location-specific factors for DF, HM,
Mixed DF/HM?
6. Using current SMC data for the various study types that we have, can optimal regimes be determined? Could
summary tables be developed to look at average QMD, TPA, average height, CF, BF, etc. by study type, site, age,
treatment? If we can provide the right outputs, across a range of treatments, cooperators could determine
optimums based on their own criteria – costs, revenues, MAI’s. PAIs etc.
15
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
7. Do we want to increase our efforts in understanding mixed species stands? Do we want stands of different
species mixtures added as new installations?
8. Should we study understory response to overstory retention (e.g., the small tree models are a known
weakness, could we improve them?) little tree?
Potential Tools
1. A PCT decision-making support system that provides recommendations and expectations based on sitespecific inputs. For example, if you start at x TPA and thin to x TPA what response would you expect?
Would tables be sufficient? Online, interactive tool?
2. Synthesis of existing research for field staff; perhaps revise the old manual “Regenerating Oregon’s Forests”
to “Regenerating Coastal Forests (Oregon to BC)”.
3. Customized reports by region and/or parent material.
4. New yield tables based on SMC data.
5. A growth and yield model that fully exploits the existing SMC research and that is designed to incorporate
ongoing SMC research as that work is completed.
6. Working collaboratively with CIPS to build the next-generation model.
7. Should we focus on creating a user friendly computer program that would allow inputs and modeled growth
from SMC-based plots, to allow growth and economic predictions?
16
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
17
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Financial Management and Administration
A
t the Policy Advisory Committee conference call meeting September 4, 2013 there was a consensus SMC needs
to look at a dues increase based on the following facts:

dues have been flat for the last 20 years ($629,000 in 1995)

2013 available funds $590,556

SMC has scaled back staff in response to inflation, Database Manager moved to ½ time in July
(free up $research)

state mandated raises projected to cost another $40,000 by 2017

stayed in the black and added research this year

added Sierra Pacific as a member dues will be $20,009

Longview Timber now part of Weyerhaeuser NR, Longview will be known as “Weyerhaeuser
Columbia” and will not be paying separate dues ($35,406 in 2013), their acreage will be included
with Weyerhaeuser NR’s which will put Weyerhaeuser (and BLM) back at the max dues of $79,514

DNR will be back to full dues in 2014, in 2013 they will be at ¾ (owing to DNR’s fiscal calendar)

increased research will require increased resources
Dues discussions at the fall meeting centered on the question of being able to maintain the quality of SMC’s data
collection with the existing budget, cleaning up the database errors so members could use it to its fullest and hiring an
analyst. Director Ettl presented 4 dues scenarios for the next 3-years with the goal
to try and grow the dues to $731,887 in 2016.
Table 1: Dues Scenario
1. No Change
A motion was made and second to support dues scenario #4, Table 1. While some
government agencies voiced concerns that a 10% increase would place a large
2. 4% Each Year
burden on the public agencies and put them in a position that necessitates looking
3. 4%, 4%, 10%
hard at the value of SMC data, it was pointed out even with a 10% increase the SMC
4. 10%, 4%, 4%
would have a hard time hiring an analyst unless there is carryover. The motion was
then amended to raise dues by 10%
Table 2: Dues Formula
in 2014 without the 4% increases and to start a dialogue around a “dues
If acres > 100,000
cap” for the public agencies. The motion to raise dues by 10% in 2014
passed with 12 in favor, 3 opposed and 1 abstaining.
dues = $13,501 + $0.039242/Acres
If acres ≤ 100,000
New Dues Funding Formula (Table 2)
dues = $6,751 + $0.039242/Acres
Dues with a 10% increase were calculated from the following formula
approved at the 2013 Annual Fall Meeting; started in 2014.
18
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Institutional In-Kind Support $380,405 (Table 3)
The BC Ministry of Forests Research Branch contributed $27,800
to support measurement and treatment costs associated with
SMC Installations in BC. Oregon State University and the USFS
PNW Research Station provided the equivalent of about $45,344
in the form of salaries of scientists, facilities, and administrative
support.
Financial Support (Table 4: page 20)
Table 3: Institutional In-Kind
B.C. Ministry of Forests
$
27,800
University of Washington
UW Teaching Assistantships and
Fellowships
Corkery
$ 201,744
$
9,000
USDA Bioenergy
$
76,861
NCASI
$
20,000
USFS PNW Research Station
$
22,000
Oregon State University
$
23,344
TOTAL
$ 380,749
Dues in 2013 totaled $589,428, includes less $1,125 Weyerhaeuser in-kind credit, $70,000 from CAFS and a 2012
balance forward of $17,917 brings total funds available in 2013 to $659,431.
Budget Breakdown
(Figure 1: page 19 and Table 5: page 21)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Use of Member Dues
Salaries & Benefits
Research Contracts
UW Facilities, Accounting, and Administrative overhead:
15.4%
$99,442 (26% as per agreement)
53.7%
30.9%
Data collection: $124,258 (Bob, Bert, plus 2, part-time
person salaries); $45,000 (travel expenses) and $28,293
(UW vehicle, maintenance, equipment, supplies)
0.0%
Data processing and administration: $81,547, Megan (½
on PFC); Randy’s (½ starting in August 2013) salaries
Faculty Salaries: Ettl, Harrison, Turnblom for between 1.5 and 2 months/yearly ($51,750)
Other travel $5,105
Benefits $68,432
The remaining dollars of SMC dues was spent on equipment and supplies $9,898
A number of research assets have been involved in ongoing SMC research efforts, faculty direct student research
• CAFS ($70,000), supported students and equipment purchases. Up for renewal in 2 years but not at
full amount; opportunity for new research initiatives
• UW Teaching Assistantships and Gessel fellowships; (4 graduate students funded, $201,744 in kind)
• Corkery Chair, $9,000 towards Nutrition and Silviculture Projects
• Bioenergy grant from USDA, $321K total to SMC 2011-2015, also funding to OSU and Weyerhaeuser
for biomass work at new Springfield OR site and work is underway. Rob Harrison received $76,861 in
2013.
• $20K NCASI, additional through 2014 ($640K total); $20K for 2015 being considered
19
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 4: 2013 SMC Financial Support
COOPERATOR FORMULA DUES
American Forest Management, Inc.
Bureau of Land Management
Campbell Group
Cascade Timber Consulting
Green Diamond Resource Company
Hampton Affiliates
Hancock Forest Management
Lone Rock Timber
Longview Timberlands LLC
Olympic Resource Management
Oregon Department of Forestry
Pacific Denkman, Pilchuck Tree Farm
Plum Creek Timber Company
Port Blakely Tree Farms LP
Quinault Indian Nation
Rayonier USFR
Roseburg Resources.
Sierra Pacific Industries
Stimson Lumber Company
TimberWest-Coast Timberlands
Washington DNR
West Fork Timber Company LLC
Weyerhaeuser NR Company
TOTAL
Member Contracts, Grants, Adjustments
AMOUNT
%
$
7,707
0%
$
72,166
0%
$
27,494
0%
$
17,411
0%
$
22,727
0%
$
9,383
0%
$
38,859
0%
$
16,670
0%
$
35,406
0%
$
18,595
0%
$
37,364
0%
$
6,672
0%
$
26,536
0%
$
17,338
0%
$
8,387
0%
$
24,582
0%
$
22,869
0%
$
20,009
0%
$
18,445
0%
$
37,251
0%
$
24,510
50%
$
8,006
0%
$
72,166
0%
$
590,553
$
Subtotal
$
590,553
$
(1,125)
$
589,428
B.C. Ministry of Forests
$
27,800
Oregon State University
$
23,344
University of Washington, (TA, Fellowships, Corkery)
$
210,744
USFS PNW Research Station
$
22,000
$
283,888
$
166,861
$
1,040,177
Less in-kind credits
Net Cash Contributions
Institutional Contributions
Subtotal
External Funds (CAFS, USDA Bioenergy, NCASI)
TOTAL FUNDS
20
100%
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 5: 2013 SMC Budget
INCOME
AMOUNT
%
Formula Funding
Contracts
Subtotal
External Funds (Grants & UW)
Less in-kind credits (Weyco)
Net Cash Contributions
2012 Ending Balance Forward
Total Funds Available
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
590,553
590,553
97%
0%
97%
(1,125)
589,428
17,917
607,345
0%
97%
3%
100%
EXPENSES
AMOUNT
%
Salaries
Benefits
Travel
Equipment & supplies
Contract Services
Tuition
Subtotal
Indirect
Total Direct & Indirect
Research Contracts
Total Expenditures
2013 Ending Balance
TOTAL FUNDS AVAILABLE
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
41%
12%
7%
2%
4%
0%
66%
16%
82%
0%
82%
13%
100%
21
257,555
68,432
50,105
9,898
28,393
0
414,383
99,442
513,825
513,825
93,520
607,345
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 5: 2013 SMC Budget
INCOME
AMOUNT
%
Formula Funding
Contracts
Subtotal
External Funds (Grants & UW)
Less in-kind credits (Weyco)
Net Cash Contributions
2012 Ending Balance Forward
Total Funds Available
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
590,553
590,553
97%
0%
97%
(1,125)
589,428
17,917
607,345
0%
97%
3%
100%
EXPENSES
AMOUNT
%
Salaries
Benefits
Travel
Equipment & supplies
Contract Services
Tuition
Subtotal
Indirect
Total Direct & Indirect
Research Contracts
Total Expenditures
2013 Ending Balance
TOTAL FUNDS AVAILABLE
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
41%
12%
7%
2%
4%
0%
66%
16%
82%
0%
82%
13%
100%
21
257,555
68,432
50,105
9,898
28,393
0
414,383
99,442
513,825
513,825
93,520
607,345
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
22
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Field Installation Descriptions
TYPE I
Established between 1986 and 1994 in juvenile (age 7-15) Douglas-fir and western hemlock plantations
with uniform stocking ranging from 300-680 stems per acre. Established before the onset of substantial
inter-tree competition. At establishment, some plots were systematically thinned to 50% or 25% of the
existing trees per acre. Seven plots constitute a common core on all installations and are following predefined thinning regimes based on Curtis’ relative density. At some installations counterparts to some of
the core plots received best tree rather systematic spacing and others have either pruning or fertilization
treatment. 38 installations, of which 30 are Douglas-fir, 322 plots, and 8 are western hemlock, 56 plots.
TYPE II
Established between 1986 and 1991 in Douglas-fir plantations that were approaching commercial thinning
stage and considered to approximate the expected future condition of the Type I installations. Five plots,
one unthinned control and four following thinning regimes based on Curtis’ relative density constitute the
treatments. Originally 12 installations, 60 plots; currently 4 installations, 20 plots.
TYPE III
Planted between 1985 and 2001 with the best current regeneration practices at 100, 200, 300, 440, 680,
and 1210 stems per acre. Plantings were at least 3 acres per spacing to provide experimental material for
future research. A control measurement sample plot was established in each spacing. In the three widest
spacings additional plots were established to create a matrix of density and pruning (pruned with
unpruned “followers” with pruning to either 50% live crown removal or pruned to 2.5 inch top)
treatments. In the three dense spacings a matrix of thinning treatments; early/light, early/heavy,
late/light, late/heavy, and a late one time, was established based on relative spacing. 47 installations; of
which 38 are Douglas-fir, 6 are western hemlock, and 3 with a 50/50 mix of Douglas-fir and western
hemlock. Collectively they have 564 plots.
Carryover Planted in 1997-1999 on plots of the former Regional Forest Nutrition Research Program after harvesting
to assess if fertilization of the previous stand affects development of its successor. 7 installations, 17 plots.
GGTIV
“Genetic Gain/Type IV” Planted in 2005 and 2006. A Douglas-fir genetic gain and spacing trial
collaboration with Northwest Tree Improvement Cooperative. Planting spacings are 7x7, 10x10, and
15x15. Genetic levels are elite, unimproved and intermediate stock. Vegetation control levels are current
practice and complete until crown closure. Temperature and precipitation gages and lysimeters at each
installation. 6 installations, 132 plots in the Grays Harbor breeding zone.
LTSP
“Long-term site productivity” Sites at Fall River, WA; Matlock, WA; Mollalla, OR. Collaboration with USFS
PNWRS, OSU, and companies.
Type V
Paired-tree study consisting of two treatments, 0 and 224 Kg N/ha to study effects on growth, carbon, and
wood quality. Stratified by parent material, vegetation zone and slope location. Each installation has 20
tree pairs, soil moisture and temperature sensors, and precipitation gages. 73 installations installed,
measured and fertilized. Two-year response has been measured for all of the installations. Four-year
response has been assessed on 55 of the installations.
23
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Regional Forest Nutrition Research Program (RFNRP)
PHASE I
Unthinned natural stands of Douglas-fir and western hemlock. Installations were
established in 1969-70, received as many as 4 fertilization treatments, and were
measured for 20 years. Completed in 1990. 117 installations, 702 plots.
PHASE II
Thinned natural stands of Douglas-fir and western hemlock. Installations were
established in 1971-72, received as many as 4 fertilization treatments, and were
measured for 20 years. Completed in 1992. 43 installations, 266 plots.
PHASE III
Young thinned plantations of Douglas-fir and western hemlock, and low site quality
stands of Douglas-fir. Installations were established in 1975, received as many as 4
fertilization treatments, and were measured for 20 years. Completed in 1996. 29
installations, 234 plots.
PHASE IV
Pre-commercially thinned (300 trees/acre) plantations of Douglas-fir and western
hemlock, and Douglas-fir stands of naturally low stocking. Installations were established
in 1980, received as many as 4 fertilization treatments, and were measured for 20 years
Completed in 2000. 34 installations, 306 plots.
PHASE V
Single-tree screening trials in young noble fir and Pacific silver fir stands; established
1986-1988. One fertilizer application. Completed in 1991. 73 installations.
24
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Database Update
T
he 2013 version of SMC database was shipped in mid-June to all cooperators. This version of the SMC database
contains information from 527 installations. Of these installations, there are 163 currently active – 145 Douglasfir, 13 western hemlock, and six mixtures or other species. In total, these 527 installations contain 7,831 plots,
which contain a total of 289,488 trees, which have been measured 1,729,561 times.
The database also contains many other types of information as well. To name a few, there is stem sectioning
information, soil information, nutrient analysis, vegetation and habitat sampling as well as photographs and maps.
During the 2013-2014 field season Bob Gonyea and Bert Hasselberg completed the following:
Type I: Complete remeasurements; 8 installations; RD check; 11 plots, Marked; 5 plots
Type III: Complete remeasurements; 8 installations; Marked; 1 plot
Type IV: Complete remeasurements; 3 installations
Type V: Complete remeasurements; 32 installations
Table 1: Number of times that plots have been measured by installation type; through the 13/14 field season.
# of
Type I
1
Type II
1
Type III
2
Carryover
3
GGTIV
2
3
Type V
Measures
# plots
%
# plots
%
# plots
%
# plots
%
# plots
%
# inst
%
1
2
<0.1
0
0
4
1.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
19
6.1
0
0
0
0
15
20.5
3
0
0
1
1.7
10
3.2
0
0
0
0
53
72.6
4
4
<0.1
5
8.3
32
10.3
0
0
132
100
5
6.8
5
5
<0.1
15
25
49
15.8
2
11.8
0
0
0
0
6
142
38.2
24
40
62
20
1
5.9
0
0
0
0
7
208
55.9
15
25
115
37.1
2
11.8
0
0
0
0
8
15
4.0
0
0
19
6.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
17.6
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
41.2
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
11.8
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1. Number of full measurements at establishment and every 4th year thereafter
2. Number of full measurements at establishment, every 2 years until 30 ft in height, & every 4 years thereafter
3. Number of full measurements at establishment and annually thereafter
25
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 2: Summarizes the number of field installations and plots visited through 2013/2014
In total, 19 installations (242 plots) received full measurement in the 2012-2013 field season. Visits to installations for
other work such as thinning trigger checks and thinning if needed, etc. brought the total number of visits to 24
installations (250 plots). The plot counts do not include the paired tree plots within the 36 Type V installations.
Note: The values in Table 2 will often add to over 100% for some measurements – so for example we did a full
measurement on 12 installations and within that we did a RD check on say 5 plots within that group, then those
installations would also be included in the count of installations that received a RD check only.
Table 2
Installation
Type I
Type II
Type III
Carryover
Type IV GGT
Type V
Deleted
Contracts
Total
Notes:
Activity
Full Measurement
Thin check
Thinned
Fertilized
Pruned
Stem analysis
Foliage samples
Full Measurement
Thin check
Thinned
Stem analysis
Full Measurement
Thin check
Thinned
Pruned measured
Pruned
Stem analysis
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Plot installation & Initial Meas.
Fertilized
Re-measurement
Foliage samples
Full Measurement
New
2010/2011
2011/2012
No. Inst. No. Plots No. Inst. No. Plots
12
15
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
1
1
1
0
0
0
3
10
10
29
29
0
0
115
28
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
57
1
1
12
0
0
0
66
0
0
7
9
5
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
9
5
4
2
1
0
0
3
0
0
34
28
4
0
69
15
7
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
87
6
4
12
6
0
0
66
a
81
0
Full Measurement
31
238
56
284
All activity (c)
32
276
27
347
a = individual trees; approx. 20 tree pairs per installation
b = 6 control and 6 fertilized trees foliage sampled per installation
c = does not include Type V trees
26
2012/2013
2013/2014
No. Inst. No. Plots No. Inst. No. Plots
9
14
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
2
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
38
11
0
111
25
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
65
56
25
176
184
5
3
0
0
0
0
66
8
13
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
34
0
0
0
19
27
83
18
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
70
1
1
0
0
0
0
66
0
a
0
0
209
220
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 2: Summarizes the number of field installations and plots visited through 2013/2014
In total, 19 installations (242 plots) received full measurement in the 2012-2013 field season. Visits to installations for
other work such as thinning trigger checks and thinning if needed, etc. brought the total number of visits to 24
installations (250 plots). The plot counts do not include the paired tree plots within the 36 Type V installations.
Note: The values in Table 2 will often add to over 100% for some measurements – so for example we did a full
measurement on 12 installations and within that we did a RD check on say 5 plots within that group, then those
installations would also be included in the count of installations that received a RD check only.
Table 2
Installation
Type I
Type II
Type III
Carryover
Type IV GGT
Type V
Deleted
Contracts
Total
Notes:
Activity
Full Measurement
Thin check
Thinned
Fertilized
Pruned
Stem analysis
Foliage samples
Full Measurement
Thin check
Thinned
Stem analysis
Full Measurement
Thin check
Thinned
Pruned measured
Pruned
Stem analysis
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Plot installation & Initial Meas.
Fertilized
Re-measurement
Foliage samples
Full Measurement
New
2010/2011
2011/2012
No. Inst. No. Plots No. Inst. No. Plots
12
15
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
1
1
1
0
0
0
3
10
10
29
29
0
0
115
28
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
57
1
1
12
0
0
0
66
0
0
7
9
5
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
9
5
4
2
1
0
0
3
0
0
34
28
4
0
69
15
7
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
87
6
4
12
6
0
0
66
a
81
0
Full Measurement
31
238
56
284
All activity (c)
32
276
27
347
a = individual trees; approx. 20 tree pairs per installation
b = 6 control and 6 fertilized trees foliage sampled per installation
c = does not include Type V trees
26
2012/2013
2013/2014
No. Inst. No. Plots No. Inst. No. Plots
9
14
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
2
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
38
11
0
111
25
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
65
56
25
176
184
5
3
0
0
0
0
66
8
13
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
34
0
0
0
19
27
83
18
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
70
1
1
0
0
0
0
66
0
a
0
0
209
220
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 3: SMC Work Schedule 2013-2014
Type I
Inst.
705
709
711
716
717
718
Inst. Name
East Twin Creek
Mill Creek
Kitten Knob
Quilla Creek
Grant Creek
Roaring River
Job
RD check Plot 3
RD check plot 4,5
RD check Plot 2
RD check Plot 3
Full measurement
Full measurement
Date
11/19/2013
9/26/2013
10/8/2013
11/8/2013
3/13/2014
4/24/2014
Status
finished
finished
finished
finished
Finished
Finished
A-1510
Horton
Silver Creek
Mainline
Formader Ridge
Veddar Mt.
Toledo
LaPush
Gnat Creek
Dingle 4
Twin Peaks
Grave Creek
Full measurement
Full measurement
Full measurement
3/6/2013
3/11/2014
4/3/2014
Finished
Finished
Finished
Full measurement
Full measurement
RD check Plot 1,9
RD check Plot 6
RD check Plot 1
RD check Plot 4
RD check Plot 8
Full measurement
1/16/2014
11/15/2013
11/4/2013
2/13/2014
1/7/2014
11/25/2013
11/27/2013
2/4/2014
Finished
finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Job
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Thin Plot 13
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Date
1/30/2014
3/21/2014
11/22/2013
12/6/2013
2/19/2014
2/13/2014
3/17/2014
2/28/2014
Status
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
948
Inst. Name
Prather Creek
Yellow House
Nootka Sounde
Bobo's Bench
R.F. Sale
Quiladuc 34
Skidder Hill
South Shaw
Creek
Willipa
Full Measurement
5/1/2014
Finished
Type IV
Inst.
604
605
606
Inst. Name
Boxcar
Left Court
Wynochee
Job
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Date
4/30/2014
11/16/2013
9/13/2013
Status
Finished
Finished
Finished
719
720
722
723
724
726
728
729
731
736
738
Type III
Inst.
903
909
912
916
926
929
935
943
27
Comments
Plot 3 RD 54.1, wait
Measured and checked flags (O.K.)
Plot 2 RD 55.3, Marked
Plot 3 RD 51.5, wait, Plot 5 RD 54.9,
marked
Plot 5 RD 46.4, wait
Plot 1 RD 53.5, wait Plot 10 RD ?
RD check plot 7 (unlikely)
Plot 1 RD 50.5, marked
Plot 6 RD 66.8, wait
Plot 1 RD 5?, wait
Plot 4 RD 53.7, wait
Plot 8 RD 53.8, wait
Plot 2 RD 46.4 , marked Plot 5 RD
55.4, marked
Comments
Marked plot 13
Comments
Wood Quality Study
Wood Quality Study
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 3: SMC Work Schedule 2013-2014 cont.
Type IV
Inst.
821
822
823
824
825
826
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
Inst. Name
Adna 1 (flat)
Adna 2 (slope)
Arrowhead Lake
Oppiet Rd
Cherry Grove 1
(flat)
Cherry Grove 2
(slope)
Buck Lake
Murphy
Cherry Valley
Tiger Lake
Duckabush
Lake Aldwell
Disco Bay
Electron
Buckley
Oil City
Hoquim Road
Battleground
Cougar
McClellan Mt.
Mitchell Hill
Newaukam Creek
Echo Glen 2
Mineral 2
Tilton River West
Morgan Creek
Old River Road
Tilton River East
Wood Road
Les Smith
Black Rock 2
Mitchell Creek
East Humptulips 2
Upper Rock Creek
Job
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Date
Dropped
Dropped
12/23/2013
12/23/2013
1/9/2014
Status
Dropped
Dropped
Finished
Finished
Finished
Comments
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Full Measurement
1/9/2014
Finished
Download weather data
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
12/12/2013
12/12/2013
12/24/2013
12/17/2013
10/25/2013
10/24/2013
10/25/2013
1/2/2014
1/3/2014
10/24/2013
10/23/2013
11/26/2013
10/2/2013
10/2/2013
1/2/2014
1/3/2014
1/2/2014
10/10/2013
10/9/2013
9/24/2013
11/5/2013
10/10/2013
1/8/2012
1/8/2014
12/5/2013
12/9/2013
10/24/2013
9/24/2013
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Finished
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
Download weather data
28
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 4: SMC Work Schedule 2014-2015
Type I
Inst.
701
702
703
705
713
715
716
725
726
Inst. Name
Mason Lake
Adam River
Longbell Road
East Twin Creek
Saulk Mt.
Davie River
Quilla Creek
Sandy Shore
Toledo
Job
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
RD check
RD check
RD check
RD check
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
727
728
729
American Mill
LaPush
Gnat Creek
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Rayonier
Rayonier
ODF
730
731
732
733
734
Big River
Dingle 4
100-Lens Creek
Stowe Creek
Upper Canada
Creek
Twin Peaks
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
RD check
Green Crow
USFS
BC
BC
Hampton
RD check
Hancock
Allegany
RD check
ODF
Inst. Name
Catt Creek
J2 Nnaimo River
Panther Creek
Job
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Date
Status
DNR
BC
USFS
Comments
ask about thinning
Inst. Name
Big Tree
Holder 1A
Forks 1
Forks 2
Forks 3
Cat Ballew
Job
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Meas. Plots
10,11,12,18,24
Date
Status
Weyco
DNR
Rayonier
Rayonier
Rayonier
DNR
Comments
736
737
Type II
Inst.
802
810
812
Type III
Inst.
915
922
930
931
932
942
Date
29
Company
Green Diamond
BC
DNR
Hancock
Grady lake
BC
BC
Olympic
Plum Creek
Comments
RD check plot 4, unlikely
RD check plot 10, likely
RD check plot 3, likely
RD check plot 10, unlikely
RD check plot 6, Likely
RD check plot 3, likely
RD check plot 4, unlikely RD
check plot 9, unlikely
RD check plot 5, 6, likely
RD check plot 1, likely Plot 4,
likely Plot 6, likely
RD check plot 4, likely
RD check plot 7, likely
RD check plot 5, likely
RD check plot 8, likely Plot 12,
unlikely
RD check plot 2, likely
Thin Plots 10,11,12,18,24
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Table 4: SMC Work Schedule 2014-2015 cont.
Type V
Inst.
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
Inst. Name
Nestucca
Bunker Creek
Grants Pass
Weikswoods Flat
Rancho Ranchera
PP
Clarke Creek PP
Clarke Creek DF
Dudley
Weikswoods Slope
Rabbit Creek
Mill Creek #2
Star Lake
Russel Ranch
Coyote Ridge
Cascadia Tree Farm
Scott Mountain
DeVore Mountain
Brush Creek
Hanes Ranch
Armstron-Janicki
Victoria
McKinely
Pender Harbor
Steel Creek
Upper Campbell
Fanny Bay
Copper Canyon 1
Alderbrook C.C.
Carson Lake
Stoner
Beeville rd. South
St. Helen's
Fall River
Fertilization
Deadhorse
Ditch creek road
Red Hill
Castle Rock
Frozen Creek
Job
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Date
Status
Weyco
Weyco
Weyco
Weyco
Plum Creek
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Plum Creek
Plum Creek
Plum Creek
Weyco
Green Diamond
Green Diamond
Green Diamond
DNR
DNR
Cascade TC
Cascade TC
Lone Rock
Lone Rock
Roseburg
Pilchuck
Pilchuck
Pilchuck
BC
BC
BC
BC
BC
Green Diamond
Green Diamond
Green Diamond
Green Diamond
Weyco
Weyco
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
Full Measurement
30
Weyco
Hancock
Roseburg
Weyco
Roseburg
Comments
Dropped
Dropped
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Research
31
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
TAC Silviculture, Eric Turnblom
UW, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences
T
he 2013 growing season measurements included 17 Type I installations (125
plots), 7 Type III installations (67 plots), and three GGTIV installations (66 plots).
Though plot maintenance usually occurs during the summer months, some
maintenance was conducted on the three GGTIV installations measured this season
during the measurement season namely moving tags from branches to stems and
stapling them.
In January, the Technical Advisory Committee met to revisit the merits of conducting a
Eric Turnblom
pre-commercial thinning (PCT) analysis using the SMC database, which was a memberSilviculture Project Leader
driven priority coming out of the fall 2012 SMC Policy Committee Meeting. After some
initial confusion among the members as to how or why this idea was the highest ranked research priority within the
Silviculture TAC, consensus emerged that Silviculture Project lead Turnblom would draft a Request For Proposals for the
PCT analysis. The group determined that one of the most important reasons for this analysis was to compare future
stand trajectories with and without a PCT. Further, the usual question of what density to use to deliver the most volume
in the shortest time has become nuanced; currently many silviculturists are asking what materials a stand with and
without a PCT can produce and what the most profitable markets are for the product mix achieved. The question has
become what are the PCT specifications that will most likely produce the optimum product mix, given the current state
of the stand. It was generally agreed that although many prescriptions call for a thinning, evidence of the benefits of
thinning could support bottom-line considerations. Turnblom drafted a proposal for analysis, vetted it through the
Silviculture TAC, sent it through the Policy Advisory Committee for further review, edited further based on that
feedback, then distributed it amongst the general SMC membership for review and consideration.
Project Leader Turnblom presented a progress report to Center for Advanced Forestry Systems (CAFS) members at the
sixth annual CAFS meeting in St. Simons Island, GA, April 2013 on the assessment of wood quality in GGTIV installations
at age nine years. By the end of March, initial results from the two sites just measured were available. There, impacts
of genetic gain, weed control, and spacing on growth and survival were discussed and, further plans were laid out for
continued sampling and measurement, as well. This project is being conducted collaboratively with David Briggs (UW),
Keith Jayawickrama (OSU), Eini Lowell (USFS), and J. Brad St. Clair (USFS). The CAFS UW Site Director conveyed a
proportion ($15K, half of that requested) of the total UW CAFS funding to this project for 2013.
At the spring SMC Policy Committee Meeting in May, Turnblom presented further progress and results from the CAFS
funded project assessing wood quality in GGTIV installations (further details below). Progress on the Silviculture
Installation Performance project, dubbed later the “(SMC)2 Analysis” (Silviculture Manipulation Consequences in Stand
Management Cooperative Installations) was also reported (further details below). The final version of the PCT Analysis
Study Plan was presented as well, and the general membership voted positively to provide some funding to support the
PCT Analysis project. However, by the end of the year, funds were yet unavailable for spending in support of the
project.
Over the summer, Turnblom, Marshall, Lowell, and others developed plans to “sunset” Type I installations for the
purpose of collecting “last chance” data, such as for wood properties that require destructive techniques, or more
intensive measurements that might be required for finer resolution in silviclutural planning, or modeling than are
32
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
available during regular measurements, and etc. Turnblom also continued working with grad students and SEFS
research scientists to advance the (SMC)2 Analysis.
In the fall, Turnblom led a field tour at the “Ostrander Road” installation, one of the first Type I installations to be
harvested according to logging plans reported by landowning SMC members, to discuss treatment outcomes, and to
gather input from a larger group as to what members are interested in knowing beyond what regular, repeated
measurements of the stand would generally cover. Turnblom presented Silviculture Project progress at the SMC Policy
Committee meeting, held subsequent to the field tour.
In October, Turnblom attended the Annual meeting of the Northwest Tree Improvement Co-op to present the CAFS
funded project assessing wood quality in GGTIV installations, but also to discuss a slightly modified strategy for collecting
the wood quality data on the remaining two GGTIV installations to be assessed in light of a diminished 2013 funding for
the project, and finally just to experience first-hand the type of work going on in that co-op.
Turnblom also served on the guiding committees of two graduate students (MS) associated with the SMC Nutrition
Project to provide silvicultural and statistical advice and instruction, as well as chairing the committees of Graduate
Students: Kevin Ceder and Jeff Comnick (Ph.D.), Luyi Li and Andrea Watts (M.S.), and being a member of three more
grad student committees (two M.S., and 1 Ph.D.).
Genetic Gain / SMC Type IV trials (GGTIV) Update
Regular measurements of the three replicates planted in 2005 were conducted in early 2013 when stands were aged 9yr from seed. Immediately following this re-measurement, additional wood quality measurements using the Fakkop
TreeSonic, the IML Resistrograph F400-S and increment boring for wood samples were made, funded by the Center for
Advanced Forestry Systems, Project 11.35. The rationale for the CAFS study is that several factors are known to affect
the key wood quality traits of knot size, stiffness, and density, such as genetic selection for growth rate, spacing of trees,
and intensive early weed control, but the impacts of these factors are not well understood. Therefore the objective is to
determine the extent of the impacts of these three factors on wood traits singly and in combination with each other and
with further monitoring, determine degree to which early measurement can predict future wood quality. Preliminary
results indicate that in terms of knot index (as measured by DLLBH), spacing effects are generally as expected, that is,
larger breast height branches in the wider spacings, and greater gain also seemed to produce larger branches. There
were no discernible effects of the controlled experimental factors on acoustic velocity. Specific gravity exhibited the
highest values in the narrowest spacing. An SMC Fact Sheet titled “Impact of Genetic Gain, Weed Control, and Spacing
on Wood Stiffness, Density, and Knot Index in a Large-plot trial of Coastal Douglas-fir” was issued and distributed at the
spring 2013 SMC Policy Committee meeting.
Growth in DBH, Height, Crown width, Diameter of the Largest Limb at Breast Height (DLLBH), volume per acre, basal
area per acre, and survival were reported at the fall Policy Committee meeting. Generally, genetically improved seedlots
grew faster in height, DBH, and crown width, contained not only larger but more branches in the breast height region,
and a seedlot x spacing effect became significant for height and volume / acre. Spacing affected all growth parameters
reported: wider spacing produced thicker trees, narrower spacing produced slightly taller trees, and survival was lower
in wider spacings (possibly due to harsher, more exposed microsite / environment). Finally, vegetation control effects
were seen only in survival and height to crown base.
33
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Yield Performance of SMC Type I, II, and III Installations, a.k.a., The (SMC)2 Analysis
The objectives of this project are to i) Summarize into a report how SMC Silviculture Project Type I, II and III installations
have performed in terms of yield and increment, ii) Produce accompanying Fact Sheets, and iii) Produce a browserbased calculator that is useful for practicing forest managers. The modeling framework employed for the Type III
installations was extended to the Type I and II installations. The modeling strategy is to produce yield models using the
Chapman-Richards function. Yield models for BA, QMD, CVT, CV4, CV6, BF4, and BF6. Trees Per Acre (TPA) are derived
from the BA and QMD models which are themselves fit simultaneously where the total sum of squares error includes
not only BA and QMD residuals, but also TPA residuals. Function parameters (asymptote, rate, shape) are then tested
for relationships with initial stand density, site index, other site variables, and treatment regimes. The fitted models are
then manipulated to analyze increment and to produce yield table summaries.
The beta-version (prototype) SMC-Yield Calculator was released. All of its features are fully realized when running
within the Google Chrome browser; it was discovered that Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari all use some nonstandard interpretations of the Javascript language specifications. Several SMC cooperators provided feedback on its
performance and suggested added features such as the ability to look at two or more planting scenarios on the same
graphs, as well as exporting the yield values already displayed in the yield tables within the browser itself. The plan is to
incorporate these enhancements fully into the calculator.
The Effects of Soil Parent Material and Nitrogen Fertilization on Douglas-fir Wood Properties
This study is designed to test the effect of four soil parent material (SPM), fertilization with nitrogen (224 kg / ha), as
well as examining the effects of other soil properties on the wood properties of mid-rotation Douglas-fir over a six-year
period. Graduate student Luyi Li is working with Turnblom, Lowell, Harrison, and Ettl on this project. Tree growth and
wood quality are being studied on seven sites across western Washington and Oregon. Six (6) characteristics regarding
wood properties are being assessed and analyzed: TreeSonic acoustic velocity, log resonance acoustic velocity (Hitman
200), dynamic modulus of elasticity, specific gravity, latewood percentage, and rings per inch.
Two of the seven sites are part of the “Beyond-N” network of sites administered by CIPS, which were available for
destructive sampling, and five SMC Type V installations that were chosen to fill out the sampling mosaic for nondestructive assessment of wood properties in the breast height region.
The results obtained through the study are expected to provide evidence toward the relationship of Douglas-fir wood
quality to SPMs and nitrogen fertilization treatments. Wood quality models will be tested for the different stand
conditions and environmental variables for a better understanding of the influences of study factor variables on each
wood property.
Logging Residue Ratios Update
This project is funded by the USFS in partnership with the Olympic Natural Resource Center, UW. Last year, a
description of the completed efforts to model/explain post-harvest residue yields was reported. Subsequent to that
effort, the same project received additional funding in order to predict yields pre-harvest (from standing timber). The
experimental design described below was developed in the winter/spring of 2013. The study has four factors: density
(hi/low), region (north/south), age (younger/older), and canopy position (dominant/intermediate). From each site, a
plot was installed sufficiently large to gather enough diameters (40 to 50) to give us an idea of the density and diameter
34
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
distribution. We're defining "intermediate" trees as being in the 40-60th percentiles of the diameters, and "dominant"
as being in the 80-100th percentiles. We have felled 16 trees to complete the “younger” bracket, with 2 replicates in
each stratum. Measurements will allow for calculations of stem biomass, stem bark biomass, live branch biomass, dead
branch biomass, and foliage biomass.
Ultimately, the data made available by this study might be used to inform wood quality (through specific gravity)
models for hemlock, thus improving estimates of yields of different products. Biomass / yield equations will be
developed for this and other purposes that can help the partners (USFS, WA DNR) better identify the younger stands
that have the highest probability of success in achieving manifold values. Further, results may inform the decision
making process for what level of thinning and when may best help hemlock develop the physical characteristics sought
for a mixture of products.
Publications / Theses / Reports
Cross, J., E. Turnblom, J. Calhoun and G. Ettl. 2013. Biomass production on the Olympic and Kitsap peninsulas,
Washington: Updated logging residue ratios, slash pile volume-to-weight ratios, and supply curves for selected
delivery centroids. USFS GTR PNW – 872. 30 p.
Suntana, A.S., E.C. Turnblom, K.A. Vogt. 2013. Addressing Unknown Variability in Seemingly Fixed National Forest
Estimates: Aboveground Forest Biomass for Renewable Energy. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization,
and Environmental Effects 35(6): 546-555.
Watts, A. 2013. An examination of stand attributes and the presence of English holly in a Pacific Northwest forest. MS
Thesis. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA. 98195. 77 p.
Initiated Publications / Reports
Gehringer, K.R. and E.C. Turnblom. (IN REVIEW). Construction a virtual forest: Using hierarchical nearest neighbor
imputation to generate simulated tree lists. Can. J. For. Res. V(n): p – pp.
Lowell, E.C., D.A. Maguire, D.G. Briggs, E.C. Turnblom, K.J.S. Jayawickrama, and J.Bryce. (IN REVISION). Effects of
silviculture and genetics on branch/know attributes of Coastal Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir and implications for
wood quality – A synthesis. Forests v(n): p –pp.
Miller, C., D. Zabowski, R.B. Harrison, and E.C. Turnblom. (IN REVIEW). Post-planting fertilization of Douglas-fir seedlings
during surface coal mine reclamation. For. Ecol. & Mgt. vv:p – pp.
Miller, C., G. King, Y.R. Liu, R.B. Harrison, E.C Turnblom, and D. Zabowski. (IN REVIEW). Assessing a modified Forestry
Reclamation Approach using Douglas-fir seedlings in the Pacific Northwest. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. vv: p – pp.
Petrova, M., E. Turnblom, and J. Bakker (IN REVISION). An improved 10-year periodic diameter model for ponderosa pine
in the Southwest that reduces long-term error propogation. For. Sci. v(n): p –pp.
35
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
TAC Modeling, Dave Marshall
Weyerhaeuser NR Company
T
he Modeling TAC did not meet this year, but focused on the modeling work
being done by the CIPS cooperative in collaboration with the SMC. The CIPS
cooperative is developing improved fertilization and thinning functions for SMCORGANON and improving the Conifers-PNW model (developed by the SMC) for young
Douglas-fir plantations.
At the fall 2012 meeting “Analysis of the SMC Database” was the highest ranking
project proposed by the Modeling TAC. One item under this category was the
Dave Marshall
Modeling Project Leader
comparison of models to the data base. At the fall meeting Greg Johnson presented a
“validation” of SMC-ORGANON using the SMC Database. In addition to providing results
from the validation, the presentation demonstrated the need for further work to improve the database.
The TAC also was active in developing a “SMC Installation Retirement Plan” and proposal for final data collection at the
Ostrander Road installation in 2015 to be presented to the cooperative in 2014.
TAC Wood Quality, Eini Lowell
USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station
A
Joint TAC meeting in November 2013 led to the Wood Quality TAC and members
of the Silviculture and Modeling TACs to prepare a draft of the final
measurement protocol for Type 1 Installations. This was presented at the spring
2014 meeting. The next Type I Installations due for retirement are estimated to occur in
2016/2017. The Installation Review Committee will be reconvened to determine what
level of measurement should be made.
Eini Lowell
Wood Quality Project Leader
Wood Quality TAC members were involved with the preparation of a new CAFS Project
Proposal titled “Wood Property Assessment of Trees from mid-rotation Coastal U.S. Douglas-fir Plantations on sites with
varying Soil Parent Material that have undergone Fertilization using a paired-tree approach” that was submitted by Eric
Turnblom to the CAFS membership in June 2014.
Presentations
Lowell, E.C., Todoroki, C.L., Dykstra, D.P., Briggs, D.G. 2013. “Examination of acoustic velocity along veneer value-chain in
Douglas-fir trees”. An oral presentation given by Lowell at the 18th International Nondestructive testing and evaluation
of wood symposium. Madison, WI (9/24-27/2013).
Filipescu, Cosmin. 2013. “Measurement methods and modeling approaches for predicting desirable future wood
properties.” IUFRO Division 5 Nancy, France (October 2013).
36
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Lowell, E.C. 2013. “Non-destructive methods of evaluating wood quality along the forest to product value chain.” A
presentation to industrial forest landowners, real estate investment trusts, timber management organizations, and
other land managers on opportunities to identify resource value early in the forest management planning process.
Markets, Methods, and Innovations Driving PNW Timber Production”, Vancouver, WA (12/3/2013).
Publications
Filipescu, C., Lowell, E.C., Koppenael, R. 2014. “Modeling regional and climatic variation of annual wood quality
attributes in intensively managed Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific Northwest.” Canadian Journal of Forest
Research. 44: 220-229.
Lowell, E.C., Todoroki, C.L., Briggs, D.G., Dykstra, D.P. 2013. Examination of acoustic velocity along veneer value-chain in
Douglas-fir trees. Ross, Robert J.; Wang, Xiping, eds. Proceedings: 18th International Nondestructive Testing and
Evaluation of Wood Symposium. General Technical Report FPL-GTR-226. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. September 25-27, 2013. Madison, WI. pp. 125-133. (no
hard copy printed).
TAC Nutrition, Rob Harrison
UW, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences
T
he major SMC-related work on nutrition completed in 2013 included the
following: Final establishment (to 73 total current) and continuous monitoring of
Type V Paired-Tree fertilization studies including preliminary analysis of results.
Two- and four-year fertilizer response was analyzed and modelled resulting in
publications in the Canadian Journal of Forest Research and Forest Ecology and
Management. The effects of differing geoclimatic factors on soil water, nitrogen, and
foliar characteristics in the Type V study were also published in Forest Science.
Rob Harrison
Continuing reports on progress were presented at spring and fall 2013 meetings, and
Nutrition Project Leader
presentations made at CAFS, Soil Science Society, and North American Forest Soils
conferences. An additional article on deep soil properties of these sites was published in the Soil Science Society of
America Journal.
Additional work on the Fall River/ Matlock/ Molalla research studies including publishing several papers, one comparing
nitrogen leaching at Fall River and Matlock, another characterizing current biomass at Fall River, and another evaluating
the potential impacts of additional biomass harvesting on N stocks. An additional article is being prepared for the Soil
Science Society of America Journal by recent MS graduate Erika Knight. The effects of repeated fertilization on soil and
tree carbon sequestration in the Type I installations was published in Forest Ecology and Management.
Ben Shryock submitted a journal article on the effects of urea fertilization from SMC Type I sites in Forest Ecology and
Management. After completing his M.S. degree working with the SMC Ben is pursuing a degree in Veterinary Medicine
at Brown University.
Jason James, after completing an M.S. degree with the SEFS UW on deep soil carbon in 22 of the SMC Type V sites,
published a paper, submitted in 2013 and published in 2013, in the Soil Science Society of American Journal. Jason is
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
currently pursuing a Ph.D. in SMC research with the UW.
Additional journal articles related to SMC work were submitted in 2013 by Dr. Warren Devine, Dr. Scott Holub, and Dr.
Robert Jandl, Dr. Darlene Zabowski, Dr, Kim Littke and Dr. David Briggs.
Progress is also presented on research on the fate of nitrogen from the CAFS 15N and NARA long-term soil productivity
studies, and additional NARA work on stump decomposition for incorporation into a carbon life-cycle analysis.
SMC Type V (Paired-Tree Studies)
Two- and four-year fertilizer response was analyzed and modelled with journal articles submitted in 2013 to the
Canadian Journal of Forest Research and Forest Ecology and Management. The effects of differing geoclimatic factors
on soil water, nitrogen, and foliar characteristics in the Type V study were also analyzed, a paper submitted in 2013, and
a journal article submitted in Forest Science. An additional article on deep soil properties of these sites was published in
the Soil Science Society of America Journal. Continuing reports on progress were presented at spring and fall 2013
meetings, and presentations made at CAFS, Soil Science Society, and North American Forest Soils conferences. Kim,
after completing her Ph.D. with the SMC is currently a postdoctoral
Research Associate with the UW working on SMC projects.
A comparison between Regional Forest Nutrition Research Project
(RFNRP) and SMC Type I plot-based fertilizer response and the SMC
Type V paired-tree study was conducted in 2013 to understand the
ability of the single-tree fertilizer response models to predict per
tree and per plot fertilizer response in the plot-based studies. The
boosted regression tree model using mapped and measured
predictors of basal area response from the Type V study was able to
significantly predict basal area responsiveness per tree and
response per tree and per plot in the plot-based studies (p<0.10).
The main shared predictor of fertilizer response between the three
studies was low basal area mean annual increment per tree. One
issue that came up when comparing the three studies was the large
differences in stand age, site index, stand density, and relative
density at establishment. These differences in site characteristics
resulted in difficulties when using important predictor ranges from
the current Type V installations on the older RFNRP installations.
While the comparison between the RFNRP, Type I, and Type V
studies did show some relationships between single-tree and plotbased fertilizer response, there is still no direct comparison
between paired-tree and plot fertilizer response on stands with
similar site characteristics. There is currently a proposal to add
fixed-area plots to current and new Type V paired-tree installations
to determine if tree and plot response are directly related and if there is a conversion between the two responses.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Deep Soil Carbon and Nitrogen
Objectives
1. To determine the effect of systematic sampling to variable depths on estimates of forest soil C and N.
2. To evaluate the ability of mathematical models to accurately predict total soil C and N in soil horizons
below 1.0 m.
3. To assess which soils are most important to sample more deeply.
4. To investigate the vertical distribution of exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K) and their relationship with other soil
and stand variables.
Progress
Sampling at 22 SMC Type V installations took place in mid-July to September,
2012, led by SMC Field Crew members Bob Gonyea and Bert Hasselberg. An
excavator was used to dig soil pits to at least 2.5 m. Bulk density samples were
taken between the surface and 0.1 m, 0.1-0.5 m, 0.5-1.0 m, 1.0-1.5 m, 1.5-2.0 m,
and 2.0-2.5 m.
Data analysis and mathematical modeling for soil carbon was completed in Winter
Quarter, 2013, and for soil nitrogen in summer 2013. Deep soil horizons
contribute substantially to the total soil carbon and
soil nitrogen budgets. On average, 21% of soil carbon
and 31% of soil nitrogen were found below 1.0 m depth. For soil carbon, this varied
between 6% and 57% across sites, with the largest accumulations of carbon occurring in
volcanic soils containing large amounts of noncrystalline minerals. For soil nitrogen,
variation between sites was 9% to 47% below 1.0 m.
SMC Field Crew transporting excavator
used for the deep soil sampling.
Nonlinear mixed effects models using an inverse polynomial function for C and the
Langmuir equation for N effectively predicted total C and N to 2.5 m based upon soil data
to only 1.0 m. The best performing model for C had -5.6% mean prediction error compared
to the soil measurement at 2.5 m. For N, the best
performing model had -10.9% mean prediction error.
Installation 891 Red Hill
Deep soil layers could be important reservoirs of exchangeable cation nutrients as well. To
investigate this, exchangeable base cations were extracted using NH4Cl and analyzed with an
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrophotometer (ICP-MS). On average, 66% of
exchangeable Ca, 57% of exchangeable K, and 69% of exchangeable Mg were found
below 1.0 m.
Installation 891 Red Hill
Planning for 20 more deep soil excavations began in fall, 2013. The sites were selected
from remaining Type V stands that were not previously sampled, as well as a subset of the Type I installations. At the
Type I’s, pits will be dug in both fertilized and unfertilized plots. At 10 sites in addition to soil samples, moisture probes will be
installed at depths of 10, 50, 100, and 200 cm. A temperature probe will be deployed at 50 cm depth. Data loggers will
collect once every hour in order to give enough temporal resolution to examine whether hydraulic redistribution (the
passive movement of water from deep soils to the surface through plant roots) is an important process during the dry
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
summer season across a variety of sites and soils in the Pacific Northwest.
A poster was presented at the North American Forest Soils Conference in June 2013. A copy is available at:
http://soilslab.cfr. washington.edu/JamesJason-DeepSoilPoster-NAFSC-2013.ppt
Another poster was presented at the Soil Science Society of America Annual Conference in November 2013.
A paper on the distribution and modeling of forest soil C was accepted by the Soil Science Society of America Journal and
a second paper documenting the distribution and modeling of nitrogen in deep forest soils was recently accepted by the
journal Forest Ecology and Management.
Residence Time of Carbon and Decomposition of Douglas-fir Stumps
Objectives
1. To create a model of decay for Douglas-fir stumps, in a tree
farm setting.
2. To compare that model with others for Coarse Woody Debris
(CDW) of Douglas-fir trees by placing stumps into a five class
system based off of the established class systems for CDW
decay of Douglas-fir trees.
3. To determine the potential for decay of stumps at age ‘x’.
Experimental Design
The density of stumps in a chronosequence are measured by using a
resitograph, woody samples are taken to be run for carbon and nitrogen
analysis and stumps are classified for their level of decay. Each stump is
also measured for height (average), diameter at sample height, current
light exposure, bark thickness, knife penetration depth, woody moisture
content and percent bark cover. Other site information is also taken into
account, such as temperature, rainfall. Sample numbers are determined
by referencing the taken diameter to a list of trees felled, for that
installation and section. The sampled stumps are relabeled so that they
can be revisited in the future. The potential sites with stumps in
chronosequence are 736, 708, 711, 888 and 802.
Matt Norton, SEFS M.S. student working on
stump decomposition for carbon modeling
Two aboveground resitograph measurements are taken on each stump. The two measurements will be averaged in
order to give us a more accurate idea of the density of each stump. To stay consistent the measurements are taken on
the south and eastern sides of the tree six inches below the top of the stump. For belowground measurements, the east
side of the stump is excavated to where the resistograph can be used to take a measurement at about 6” below the soil
surface on the stump.
The carbon and nitrogen samples are obtained by using a ¼” drill bit with a length of four inches and excavating material
from the stumps near where the resistograph measurement was taken. Originally, a 15” drill auger was used to obtain
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these samples, however in stumps younger than 10 years of age, the auger could not penetrate to any significant depth.
The five stage classification system that has been developed for this study is mainly based off of the system used by
Maser and Trappe (1984) and others for classifying Douglas fir decomposition. Tobin et. al. (2007)’s method for
classifying stump decay also had influence on our five stage system.
The ages of the stumps that have been measure thus far are 5, 10 and 15 years at 3 SMC sites (888, 736 and 708). At
least 16 stumps of these ages have been measured. In addition to these measurements, we have taken below ground
measurements on 18 of the total number of stumps. The total number of data points under the current method number
over 100(Special thanks to Bob Gonyea and Bert Hassleberg for initial help sampling). Stumps at multiple locations of
the same age have also been sampled; however, treatments, done on some of these sites may result in data that cannot
be used to achieve the main objective of this study.
In the next few weeks we will collect data on stumps that were cut two years ago, as well as stumps that were cut one
year ago. We may also add stumps that were cut 22 years ago. By October all field sampling should be completed.
In the next few months the samples that have been collected will be analyzed and the resitograph data reviewed. The
two sets of resitograph data for each stump will be averaged and most likely integrated (as the 1000+ points for each
stump may not give the needed density information). The resultant data will then be compared within and between
ages.
Results from both the C/N analysis and the resitograph data will be used to determine a linear model of decay/ carbon
residence for the stumps. The classification information of these stumps will also be used to connect our results with
previous studies. Carbon/nitrogen ratios will determine the potential for decay of the stumps at each class/age.
Fate of Nitrogen N-15 studies of the Paired-tree Study
Project Description
Previous research indicates that current uptake of fertilizer nitrogen is as low as 10-25% in crop trees. Nitrogen that isn’t
taken up by the trees is either distributed to other ecosystem components or lost from the system via leaching or
volatilization. This particular project is part of a larger effort examining the overall fate of fertilizer nitrogen in forest
plantations of commercially important timber species. This component of the study is to examine Douglas-fir in the
Pacific Northwest, specifically, to determine both the uptake of nitrogen as well its environmental fate using enhanced
fertilizers labeled with 0.5 atom % 15N applied at 224 kg/ha within a 100m2 area. Primary objectives of the study
include quantifying the amount of fertilizer taken up by the tree, how much fertilizer nitrogen is tied up in other
ecosystem components and how much is lost from the system through volatilization or other gaseous loss. This study
will provide valuable insights into appropriate fertilizer investments that will contribute to a better understanding of the
uptake of fertilizer nitrogen. It will also provide information on any potential negative environmental impacts associated
with fertilization.
Progress
As of December 2013, all sampling for this project has been completed. The final project will be presented at CAFS in
2014 while processing of the remaining samples and complete analysis of the results is ongoing.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Presentations
Stephani Michelsen-Correa, North American Forest Soils Conference, Whitefish MT (June, 2013)
http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/ MichelsenStephanie-15NFate-NAFSC-2013.ppt
Stephani Michelsen-Correa, Soils Science Society of America Annual Meeting, Tampa FL (Nov. 2013)
Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance, Corvallis OR (Sept., 2013)
Publications
Devine, WD, P.A. Footen, R.B. Harrison, T.A. Terry C.A. Harrington, S. M. Holub and P. J. Gould. 2013. Estimating Tree
Biomass, Carbon, and Nitrogen in Two Vegetation Control Treatments in an 11-Year Old Douglas-Fir Plantation
On a Highly Productive Site. USFS Research Paper PNW-RP-591, March 2013.
Available at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Devine-etal-2013.pdf
James, J., Devine, W., Terry, T., Harrison, R. in press. Deep Soils: Accurately Quantifying and Modeling Carbon in
Subsurface Layers. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. Proceedings of the 12th North American Forest Soils Conference.
10.2136/sssaj2013.06.0245nafsc
Himes, AJ, EC Turnblom, RB Harrison, KM Littke, WD Devine, D. Zabowski and DG Briggs. 2013. Predicting Risk of LongTerm Nitrogen Depletion under Whole-Tree Harvesting in the Coastal PacificNorthwest. Forest Science 60:382390. Available at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Himes-etal-2013.pdf
Holub, SM, TA Terry, CA Harrington, RB Harrison and R Meade. 2013. Tree growth ten years after residual biomass
removal, soil compaction, tillage, and competing vegetation control in a highly-productive Douglas-fir plantation.
Forest Ecology and Management 305:60-66.
Available at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Holub-etal-2013.pdf
Submitted Publications
Shryock, B., Littke, K., Ciol, M., Briggs, D., and Harrison, R. The effects of urea fertilization on carbon sequestration in
Douglas-fir plantations of the coastal Pacific Northwest. For. Ecol. Manage.
Littke, K.M., Harrison, R.B., Zabowski, D., and Briggs, D.G.. Assessing nitrogen fertilizer response of coastal Douglas-fir in
the Pacific Northwest using a paired-tree experimental design. For. Ecol. Manage.
Littke, K.M., Harrison, R.B., Zabowski, D., Ciol, M.A., and Briggs, D.G.. Prediction of Douglas-fir fertilizer response using
biogeoclimatic properties in the coastal Pacific Northwest. Can. J. For. Res.
Littke, K.M., Harrison, R.B., Zabowski, D., and Briggs, D.G. Effects of geoclimatic factors on soil water, nitrogen, and foliar
properties of Douglas-Fir plantations in the Pacific Northwest. For. Sci.
Jandl, R., M. Rodeghiero, C. Martinez, M.F. Cotrufo, F. Bampa, B van Wesemael, R.B. Harrison, I.A. Guerrini, D.D. Richter,
L. Rustad, K. Lorenz, A. Chabbi and F. Miglietta. Current status, uncertainty and future needs in soil organic
carbon monitoring. Science of the Total Environment
Knight, E, , P. Footen, R.B. Harrison, T. Terry, S. Holub. Competing vegetation effects on soil carbon and nitrogen 12 years
post-harvest in a Douglas-fir plantation on a highly productive site. Prepublished Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Industry-University Cooperative Research Centers (I/UCRC)
Center for Advanced Forest Systems (CAFS)
2013 Annual Meeting Project Continuation
The UW proposal to join CAFS was approved in February 2009. We received $70,000 NSF/CAFS funding in 2009 and
again in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. This level is contingent on the total amount of funding in each year from UW
industry supporters who wrote letters that they wished to join the UW CAFS site; the total support must exceed
$300,000 for UW to receive the $70,000 from NSF. In 2009 three projects were initiated and continued through 2010
with one essentially finished. In 2012, 4 projects were initiated and continued through 2013.
PROJECT ID: CAFS.09.19
PROJECT TITLE: Understanding site-specific factors affecting the nutrient demands and response to fertilizer by Douglasfir
INVESTIGATOR(S): R. Harrison, S. Holub, D. Maguire, D. Mainwaring, E. Turnblom, K. Littke (Ph.D. 2009-2012, postdoc
starting 2013), Greg Ettl, Jason James (continuing 2013), A. Himes, P. Footen, D. Briggs (2012), and Christiana Dietzgen
(starting in 2013) (several others also participating).
PROGRESS TO DATE: A total of 73 installations (Figure 1) are currently in place with 60 installations fertilized 3-6 years
previously. Two years after fertilization, foliage was sampled and composited by treatment to determine the effect of
fertilization on these components. Soil nitrogen and carbon data from 73 installations have been analyzed down to onemeter. Soil texture has been determined by the hydrometer method on 69 installations at the two depths of soil
moisture sampling. Year-long soil moisture and temperature data have been measured on 73 installations. We are
beginning to match results to soil properties to provide predictive models, though these are still very tentative due to
the short time period of tree response to fertilization. We are already mapping response into a GIS database that can be
used by forest land managers to predict response, and will update with current response data as it becomes available.
N-15 tracer studies have been added to all ten of the paired-tree installations.
MILESTONES: One journal article published in the Canadian Journal of Forest Resources, two additional journal articles
prepared and submitted, three other articles on the effects of soil and climate properties on Douglas-fir growth and
fertilizer response were prepared for a dissertation and will be submitted to journals, and regular reporting to
cooperators, including at the CAFS meetings, three presentations and posters at Soil Science Society of America meeting
(one received a "best of presentation" award). Presentations at North American Forest Soils Conference in 2013 and
planned presentations at International IUFRO meeting in 2014. Plans to extend the scope of this study by adding area
based plots to 10 of the current paired-tree studies.
NEXT YEAR’S PROJECT BUDGET - NSF CAFS PORTION: $25,320
OTHER SOURCES, INCLUDING SITE-SPECIFIC: Total of $244,000 from landowner contribution of cash, professional time,
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
timber and logistical support. For next year, $62,185, for 50% Jason James (M.S.) and Christiana Dietzgen, Graduate
Assistantship, from UW scholarships. We have a current proposal to add area-based fertilization studies to improve the
predictive ability of this study, a total of 10 sites will be coupled with area based studies with a budget of $50,000;
however, this proposal has not been approved yet.
PROJECT ID: CAFS 11.35.
PROJECT TITLE: Impact of genetic gain, weed control and spacing on wood stiffness, density, and knot index in a largeplot trial of Coastal Douglas-fir
INVESTIGATOR(S): Eric C Turnblom & David W Briggs (UW), Keith JS Jayawickrama & Terrance Z Ye (OSU), Eini Lowell & J
Bradley St Clair (USFS-PNWRS).
PROJECT TIMELINE: Data collection: Dormant seasons 2012 (completed) and 2013 Analysis and reporting: Spring 2013
and 2014 Completion of M.S. and submission of journal article 2014.
PROGRESS TO DATE: To date, the following data have been collected
representing 20 families (10 each in elite gain and moderate gain levels)
and woodsrun stock types growing in 44 plots, at 2 sites: acoustic velocity
(1320 trees), resistograph measurements (575 trees), and specific gravity
measurements derived from 575 increment cores, and knot index data
(1848 trees). Preliminary analyses to test for differences among genetic
gain levels, spacing, and weed control have been completed on DBH, total
Height, knot index, acoustic velocity, and specific gravity data. While DBH
and Height continue to be directly related to genetic gain level, as has been
reported previously, preliminary indications are that spacing is the major
determinant of stem quality at this stage of growth.
SMC field crew member Bob Gonyea measuring
acoustic velocity with the IML resistograph
MILESTONES: Standard SMC measurements (DBH, total Height, Height-tolive-crown, knot index, condition) and stem quality measurements (acoustic velocity, resistograph, a sub-sample of trees
cored) were completed on two sites planted in 2005 (44 plots total). Preliminary analysis of DBH, total Height, acoustic
velocity, knot index and specific gravity have been completed. Regular reporting to cooperators, including CAFS
meetings, NTIC meetings, and SMC meetings.
NEXT YEAR’S PROJECT BUDGET - NSF CAFS PORTION: $35,000 in 2014 for completion of analysis and writing of thesis by
MS student.
NEXT YEAR’S PROJECT BUDGET - OTHER SOURCES, INCLUDING SITE-SPECIFIC: $15,000 following the 2013 growing
season contributed by SMC Field Crew.
PROJECT ID: CAFS.10.33
PROJECT TITLE: Use of stable isotopes to trace the fate of applied nitrogen in forest plantations to evaluate fertilizer
efficiency and ecosystem impacts
PRINCIPLE INVESTIGATOR(S): FOX, T., HARRISON, R., JACOBS, D., STRAHM, B., STAPE, J.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
PARTICIPATING INVESTIGATOR(S): SLOAN, J, HEACOCK, D, and ZENG, SHUCAI, JAMES, J., TURNBLOM, E., BRIGGS, D.,
ETTL, G., HIMES, A., LITTKE, K., VANCE, B., and MENGALE, M. RAYMOND, J., WERNER, A, ZERPA, J.
MILESTONES: 1) Establishment of 10 installations in PNW, 9 in the Midwest and 21 in the South completed over a twoyear period. 2) Completed of sampling for installations established in 2011. 3) Beginning sampling of installations
installed in 2012. 4) Purchase of Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrophotometer at Virginia Tech for 15N analysis. 5) Sample
analysis of tree, understory vegetation, forest floor and soil samples for 15N is in progress.
PROJECT TIMELINE: Select first series of study sites: July 2010 to January 2011. Apply fertilizer to first year sites: March
to June 2011. Pretreatment Sampling Veg and Soil: December 2010 to April 2011. Sample Foliage to Determine N
Uptake: March 2010 to December 2011. 1st Year Post-treatment Sampling Veg and Soil: Sept 2011 to January 2012. 15N
Analyses: June 2011 to December 2011. 2nd Year Post-treatment Sampling Veg and Soil: Dec 2012 to March 2013. Select
second series of study sites: July 2011 to January 2012. Apply fertilizer to 2nd year sites: January to June 2011.
Pretreatment Sampling Veg and Soil: December 2011 to April 2012. Sample Foliage to Determine N Uptake: March 2012
to December 2012. Post-treatment Sampling Veg and Soil: Sept 2012 to March 2013. 15N Analyses: June 2012 to
December 2012.
PROGRESS TO DATE: As of December 2013, all sampling for the Fate of Nitrogen N-15 studies of the Paired-tree Study
project has been completed. The final project will be presented at CAFS in 2014 while processing of the remaining
samples and complete analysis of the results is ongoing. Seep soil analysis (up to 4 m depth) has been added to 22 sites,
with tentative results showing that deep rooting and deep soil properties may be an important predictor to high forest
productivity.
NEXT YEAR’S PROJECT BUDGET - NSF CAFS PORTION: None
OTHER SOURCES, INCLUDING SITE-SPECIFIC: University of Washington: $12,000, primarily for travel, per diem, supplies
and sample analysis, some hourly help for Douglas-fir studies. Virginia Tech: $10,000 to fund travel and supplies for
loblolly pine studies. Purdue: $5000 to fund travel and supplies for Walnut studies.
PROJECT ID: CAFS.13.47
PROJECT TITLE: Influence of belowground biomass on Douglas-fir plantation yield: a remote sensing approach with
terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and ground penetrating radar (GPR) approach
INVESTIGATOR(S): L. Monika Moskal and Gregory J. Ettl
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Does the amount of belowground carbon influence aboveground productivity? This question
has been difficult to address due to uncertainty of conducting root research, therefore, there is a deficit of studies
attempting to quantify belowground plant biomass. This research will lay the foundation for quantifying belowground
woody biomass as well as assessing relationships between above ground and belowground biomass. The approach will
provide a comparison of aboveground and belowground woody material that will allow timber yield estimates to be
compared with root capacity of the stand. A change in the ratio of aboveground/belowground biomass with stocking
would be expected which also has important implications for drought tolerance. This work will lay the foundation for
new techniques for prediction of belowground biomass assessments that utilize hyperspatial remote sensing
technologies such as ground penetrating radar (GPR) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). There are two objectives:
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Objective 1: Developing the relationships between aboveground and belowground biomass. This objective builds on two
successful pilot projects:
A. A previous CAFS funded project that utilized TLS to assess aboveground biomass through the utilization of leaf
area index (LAI). We have now demonstrated that LAI can be effectively extracted from TLS essentially
eliminating the need to destructively sample stands to derive aboveground biomass (Zheng and Moskal 2012 a,
b and c).
B. To assess belowground biomass, the project will incorporate techniques
developed by the authors during a successful pilot project funded by
the UW Precision Forestry Cooperative, which investigated the use of
GPR to map the distribution of root systems.
Objective 2: To tie the aboveground and belowground relationships to timber
yields in Douglas-fir plantations.
EXPECTED DELIVERABLES –A peer-reviewed publication exploring the
relationships between the hyperesolution belowground and aboveground
biomass-linked and timber yield metrics. Data acquisition will occur JulySeptember of 2013 at Pack Forest, WA. Data processing and development of
metrics from GPR would occur in the fall of 2013 by the TBD GRA requested
below. In the spring of 2013 Dr. Moskal would devote 1 month of research and
mentoring to the project. The project would also be presented at the next CAFS
Science Team meeting.
NEXT YEAR’S PROJECT BUDGET - NSF CAFS PORTION: 9 months of funding for a Masters level graduate student at UW,
$30,521 (includes tuition) does not include overhead.
NEXT YEAR’S PROJECT BUDGET - OTHER SOURCES, INCLUDING SITE-SPECIFIC: In- kind support through Dr. Moskal’s
salary match to devote time to work on the project ($7505); in-kind support from APL including access to the GPR
system, (estimated instrument cost is $35,000); as well as in-king field crew time and data processing time estimated at
($2000). In-kind support from the UW RSGAL lab including TLS access, (estimated instrument cost $130,000) and TLS
and ALS data processing. In-kind support of Pack Forest staff and summer undergraduate research interns to measure
plots.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Graduate Students
Kevin Ceder, PhD. Focusing on developing dynamic models for understory vegetation
development in young, managed Douglas-fir and western hemlock forests. Developing
growth and yield performance summaries of Type III installations, supported by SMC and
Corkery Family Chair.
Jeff Comnick, PhD. Research Assistant developing LOGS style performance reports of SMC
Type II installations, supported by ONRC and Corkery Chair.
Luyi Li, MS. Working with Turnblom, Lowell, Harrison, and Ettl on the effects of soil parent
material and nitrogen fertilization on Douglas-fir wood properties. Supported by TA/RA.
Stephani Michelsen-Correa, PhD. MS degree University of Oregon. Working on 15N CAFS
project, supported by TA/RA, NSF scholarship for study in China. Expected graduation
June 2015.
Marcella Menegale, PhD. MS degree University of Sao Paulo (Botucatu). Working on fate of nitrogen for NARA project,
supported by TA/RA. Expected graduation June 2015.
Matt Norton, MS. Working on stump decomposition for carbon modeling, supported by NARA. Expected graduation
June 2015.
Jason James, PhD. Finished MS in 2013. Working on deep soil carbon and deep soil impact on productivity/response to
treatments, supported by Kreuter/Gessel scholarship, TA/RA. Expected graduation June 2017.
Christiana Dietzen, PhD. MS degree University of Pennsylvania. Working on deep soil carbon and deep soil impact on
productivity/response to treatments, supported by Kreuter/Gessel scholarship, TA/RA. Expected graduation June 2016.
Post-doctorate
Kim Littke, PhD. 2012. Internship with Port Blakeley TF 2012-2013. Working on Paired Tree Fertilization Trials,
supported by AGENDA 2020, CAFS, and NARA.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
BY-LAWS OF THE STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE
First Adopted: April 22, 2003
Most recent amendment: Sept. 18, 2012
ARTICLE I: Name
The name of this organization shall be the Stand Management Cooperative (SMC).
ARTICLE II: Mission
The Mission of the SMC is “To provide a continuing source of high-quality data, analysis, and outputs on the
long-term effects of silvicultural treatments and treatment regimes on stand and tree growth and development,
and on wood and product quality.
ARTICLE III: Scope and Limitations
The territorial coverage of the programs and activities of the SMC consists of forested lands west of the
Cascades in Oregon and Washington, northern California, and coastal British Columbia.
ARTICLE IV: Location and Contact
1.
2.
The SMC headquarters are located in the College of Forest Resources, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA.
Contact with the SMC headquarters can be made either by phone or email:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Web site
Telephone
Email:
FAX
(www.standmgt.org)
206-543-9744 or 206-543-1581
Greg Ettl, Director (ettl@uw.edu), Megan O’Shea (moshea@uw.edu)
206-685-3091
ARTICLE V: Membership Categories
1.
Land Managing Organizations
a. Public agencies and private companies that manage forest land provide funds to support the mission
and provide land and operational support for field research sites.
b. A Memorandum of Agreement governs the relationship between the Land Managing Organization
members and the SMC. Each member agrees to terms presented in the renewable annual
Memorandum of Agreement. An example is presented in ANNEX A.
c. Organizations wishing to join the SMC as a Land Managing Organization member do so through a
written request to the Director. The application is presented to the Policy Committee at its next meeting
for approval.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
2.
Analytic Organizations
a. Organizations that utilize information gathered through SMC research and stored in its database for the
purpose of producing and marketing information, products and service.
b. A Memorandum of Agreement governs the relationship between the Analytic Organization members
and the SMC. Each member agrees to terms presented in the renewable annual Memorandum of
Agreement. An example is presented in ANNEX B.
c. Organizations wishing to join the SMC as an Analytic Organization member do so through a written
request to the Director. The application is presented to the Policy Committee at its next meeting for
approval.
3. Institutional Organizations
a. Universities, research laboratories, and trade associations are Institutional members that provide
scientist time, laboratory and office space and other services to the SMC. Also research grants from
external sources leveraging SMC investments in field sites may be received by these institutions or
provided by them.
b. Organizations wishing to join the SMC as an Institutional member do so through a written request to
the Director. The application is presented to the Policy Committee at its next meeting for approval.
4. Supplier Organizations
a. Organizations that provide materials and supplies to the SMC or its members may become a Supplier
member.
b. Organizations wishing to join the SMC as a Supplier member do so through a written request to the
Director. The application is presented to the Policy Committee at its next meeting for approval.
ARTICLE VI: Fees & Continuing Membership
Dues and fees are established by the Policy Committee.
1.
Land Managing Organizations
Annual dues are calculated by a funding formula established by the Policy Committee. Membership is
retained through payment of assessed dues.
2.
Analytic, Institutional, and Supplier Organizations
Annual dues are not assessed. Analytic Organizations and Suppliers must submit a yearly request form
to maintain active membership in the SMC. The Policy Committee will vote on membership based on
active participation and contribution to the SMC mission.
ARTICLE VII: Voting and Representation
1.
2.
Organizations under ARTICLE V, paragraph 1 are voting members of the SMC Policy Committee.
Each such voting organization designates one individual as its representative on the Policy Committee and
has a single vote.
ARTICLE VIII: Receipt of SMC Database, Research Tools and Services
1.
Each Land Managing Organization member receives
a. an annual updated version of the complete SMC database
b. electronic copies of the SMC Annual Report and Quarterly Newsletter
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2.
3.
4.
c. electronic copies of research papers and technical reports
d. unlimited access to SMC staff for questions and technical support “as available” in consideration of
their institutional obligations.
Each Analytical Organization member receives
a. electronic copies of the SMC Quarterly Newsletter
Each Institutional and Supplier Organization member receives
a. electronic copies of the SMC Annual Report and Quarterly Newsletter
b. electronic copies of research papers and technical reports
All recipients of any portion of the SMC database must comply with the SMC Database Policy (ANNEX C).
ARTICLE IX: Management
1.
The management policies and operations of the SMC shall be vested in a Policy Committee as defined in
Article VII.
2. A Director, appointed by the Dean of the College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, and
approved by the Policy Committee, will be responsible for operational management of the SMC. A review
of the Director’s performance may be initiated by the Dean every 5 years per University of Washington
policy or at any time per request from the Chair of the Policy Committee. Enaction of a review and
appointment of the review committee membership are at the discretion of the Dean.
ARTICLE X: Election
1.
2.
3.
4.
The term of the Chair of the Policy Committee is 2 years. At the end of the term, which is a Fall Meeting,
the current Vice-Chair will become Chair effective 30 days after the date of that meeting.
At this same Fall Policy Committee meeting, a new Vice-Chair is elected and will serve 2 years as ViceChair followed by 2 years as Chair.
All elections and resolutions, unless specifically provided for, shall require a majority vote of the members
in attendance.
Fifty percent of the members shall constitute a quorum at any annual or special meeting of the SMC for the
transaction of business. Proxy votes submitted to the Director or Chair of the Policy Committee shall be
included in achieving a quorum.
ARTICLE XI: Powers and Duties of the Policy Committee
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Policy Committee defines the dues structure of the SMC and approves annual budgets prepared by
the Director.
The Policy Committee approves all research activities utilizing funds obtained through the dues
assessments.
The Policy Committee elects a Chair and Vice-Chair.
The Policy Committee consults with the Dean of the College of Forest Resources in appointing the Director
and any subsequent reviews and consults with the Dean and Director in appointing Technical Advisory
Committee leaders and hiring staff.
ARTICLE XII: Meetings
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1. Policy Committee. The SMC shall have two meetings of the Policy Committee each year; one in April
(Spring Meeting) and one in September (Fall Meeting) at a specific date and location determined by the
Policy Committee. Special meetings may be called at the discretion of the Policy Committee. Notices of
meetings shall be sent to all members at least 2 weeks prior to the meeting. Such notice will be sent to
the last known address of the member as it appears in the membership database.
2. Technical Advisory Committees. TAC’s shall meet on dates and places as determined by the
appropriate TAC Project Leader. Notices of meetings shall be sent to all members at least 2 weeks
prior to the meeting. Such notice will be sent to the last known address of the member as it appears in
the membership database.
ARTICLE XIII: Technical Advisory Committees
Each Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) is headed by a Project Leader approved by the Policy Committee.
TAC’s provide technical review and advice to the Policy Committee on field activities and research projects
being conducted by SMC staff or affiliated scientists. The need for, definition of, and effectiveness of TAC’s will
be reviewed by the Policy Committee every 2 years.
ARTICLE XIV: Duties of Officers
1. The duties of the Chair of the Policy Committee shall be to preside at the regular and special meetings
of the SMC.
2. The Vice-Chair shall perform the duties of the Chair in the absence of the Chair and such other duties
as may be delegated by the Policy Committee.
3. The Director shall be responsible for all operations of the SMC, supervision of employees and students.
He/she reports to both the Chair of the Policy Committee and to the Dean, College of Forest
Resources, University of Washington.
ARTICLE XV: Property
The real property of the SMC shall be in the custody and at the disposal of the Dean of the College of Forest
Resources, University of Washington for reallocation to other uses at the College. Each member of the SMC
own the data collected from its land holdings. The University of Washington acts as an agent for SMC member
data for the purposes of collecting and storing said data. The University of Washington shall be the sole
licensor for SMC databases, research tools and other SMC services.
ARTICLE XVI: Conduct of Meetings
The meetings shall be conducted under the rules of procedure contained in M.A. DeVries (1998) The New
Robert’s Rules of Order, 2nd Ed. Signet, NY. When a conflict of interest arises, the member will be recused
from voting.
ARTICLE XVII: Vacancies
1.
Any vacancy in the Office of Chair of the Policy Committee shall be filled immediately by the Vice-Chair.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
2.
Any vacancy in the Office of Vice-Chair shall be filled by nominations and vote at the next regular Policy
Committee meeting.
ARTICLE XVIII: Amendments
The By-laws of the SMC may be amended by a two-thirds vote of the full membership at any regular or special
meeting provided notice of such amendment shall have been sent to all members by the Director at least two
weeks prior to such meeting.
ANNEX A
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN LAND MANAGING ORGANIZATION
COOPERATORS AND THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON IN THE STAND MANAGEMENT
COOPERATIVE (copy available upon request)
ANNEX B
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN ANALYTIC ORGANIZATION COOPERATORS AND THE
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON IN THE STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE (copy available upon
request)
ANNEX C
STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE DATA & PUBLICATION POLICY
I. Data & Database
A. Definition
Data are defined as any measurements of stands, trees, or products (a) developed by the SMC research
program or (b) shared with the SMC and another organization and for which the SMC has direct responsibility.
The Database is defined as all data resulting from efforts of the integrated program, the Regional Forest
Nutrition Research Project (RFNRP), and the Stand Management Cooperative; for policy matters no distinction
will be made among these three sources of data.
B. Data & Database Rules
1. All organizations, member or non-member, have access to data from installations on their own land at
any time.
2. Upon request, each SMC member receives a CD copy of the annually updated database. Updates are
generally available at mid-year. Costs of special requests to SMC staff for retrieving, analyzing, reporting,
and/or transmitting data will be borne by the Cooperator requesting the data.
3. SMC members have access to all data collected from SMC-supported studies under the condition that
the data will not be released to non-member organizations with the exception that a member may
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temporarily share data with confidentially bound assigns for the sole purpose of having analyses
performed for the benefit of the SMC member with the assign allowed to make no further use of the data
or analyses.
4. It is recognized that certain individuals and organizations who are not SMC members may desire access
to the SMC database for research or other purposes without joining. Requests for data in these situations
will be treated on a case-by-case basis. The individual or organization will submit to the SMC Director a
written proposal request outlining the analysis planned, plans for use and/or publication of results, and
the specific data requested. The proposer must agree to (a) share results of their analyses with the SMC
and (b) to provide a review draft of any related publication. The Director will present the request to the
Policy Committee for approval. Upon approval, a formal agreement, including a Licensing Agreement and
appropriate fees, will be negotiated by the SMC and the proposing entity through the University of
Washington Office of Software and Copyright Ventures.
5. Data shared with the SMC by other organizations will not be available to any other member or nonmember organization without the express permission of the sharing organization. Data shared with the
SMC are to be used for accomplishment of SMC goals, and only results and summaries from analyses
are to be published. Shared data will be considered as proprietary information and the designated
analyst(s) will take every precaution to ensure confidentiality.
6. Requests for data by Institutional Members are made only through the Institution’s representative on the
Policy Committee. This same representative is responsible for making sure that all users within the
Institution: (1) are aware of the proprietary nature of the SMC Database; (2) obtain the data directly from
the Institutional representative; (3) do not pass any part of the database to any other party within or
outside of the Institution; and (4) secure written permission from the SMC Director to proceed with any
analyses. Requests for permission include specific objectives, data required, analysis approach, and
intended authors of all planned reports and manuscripts.
II. Publications, Software, Models and Other Works
7. Final reports and manuscripts, software, and presentations based partly or entirely on the SMC Database
are submitted for approval to the SMC Director before authors submit them to journals or other outlets, in
order to check for the following items: (1) acknowledgement of the SMC; (2) co-authorship acceptable to
the SMC, including associated UW staff and faculty; and (3) absence of excessive overlap with
publications planned by other parties.
8. SMC members are encouraged to share results from their analyses involving use of SMC data. Any
publications or products resulting from the use of SMC data must credit that fact.
9. Analyses and software derived in whole or in part on SMC data may not be shared with non-SMC
members except when placed in the public domain.
10. Results of analyses, software, or models based on the SMC database produced by UW faculty, staff,
students, and designated analysts appearing in peer-reviewed journals, theses, symposium proceedings,
and other media are owned by the University of Washington and administered by the Cooperative
Director. SMC members will receive copies of these works. These works may be copyrighted by the UW,
the authors, or the publishing entity.
11. Non-UW members may also develop and publish analyses, software, or models based on the SMC
database. Copyright, if any, established on any such works remains under the ownership and control of
their respective authors (or assignees).
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12. SMC members and non-members wishing to use or distribute copyrighted materials must obtain
appropriate permissions from the copyright owner(s).
13. The SMC data used in the development of any copyrighted or un-copyrighted works remains the property
of the University of Washington and subject to the distribution rules in Section I.
Changes and exceptions to this Policy must be approved by the Policy Committee.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Technology Transfer
A. Meeting, Workshops, Lectures, Field Tours and Conferences
•
•
•
•
•
3 Policy Advisory Committee
3 SMC Modeling, Silviculture, Wood Quality Meeting and Nutrition TAC Meetings
 Joint TAC meeting in fall to iron out most important criteria and indicators for the PCT analysis,
as well as to elicit further discussion and ideas regarding the process of determining "value" of
SMC research sites through multidimensional scaling, hierarchical clustering, or other
methods.
Installation Review Committee (IRC)
Spring and Fall Annual Meeting
 Conducted field tour of "Ostrander Road" installation (SMC Type I) to review treatment
outcomes and facilitate further discussion regarding sunsetting protocols, discussed further at
the Policy Committee meeting.
NSF Center for Advanced Forestry Systems Annual Meeting
Meeting minutes are available on page 64.
B. Publications 2010-2013
SMC fact sheets, reports, proceedings, and journal articles produced over the last 4 years are listed in this section.
2010
Publications:
*Briggs, D.G. 2010. Enhancing forest value productivity through fiber quality, J. of Forestry, 108(4):174-182.
*Kantavichai, R. D. G. Briggs, E. C. Turnblom 2010. Modeling effects of soil, climate, and silviculture on growth ring
specific gravity of Douglas-fir on a drought-prone site in Western Washington. Forest Ecology & Management.
259:1085-1092, doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.12.017.
*Kantavichai, R. D. G. Briggs, E. C. Turnblom 2010. Effect of Thinning, Biosolids, and Weather on Annual Ring Specific
Gravity and Carbon Accumulation of a 55 Year-old Douglas-fir Stand in Western Washington. Can. J. For. Res.
40(1):72-85.
*Todoroki, C.L., E.C. Lowell, D.P. Dykstra. 2010. Automated knot detection on Douglas-fir veneer images. Computers in
Engineering and Agriculture. 70(1): 163-171.
*Langum, C.E., V. Yadama, and E.C. Lowell. 2010. Physical and Mechanical properties of young-growth Douglas-fir and
western hemlock from western Washington. For. Prod. J. 59(11/112):37-47.
*Gould, P.J.; Marshall, D.D. 2010. Incorporation of genetic gain into growth projections of Douglas-fir using ORGANON
and the Forest Vegetation Simulator. Western J. of Applied Forestry 25(2):55-61.
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*Weiskittel, A.R., D.A. Maguire, R. Monserud, G.P. Johnson. 2010. A hybrid model for intensively managed Douglas-fir
plantations in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Eur. J. For. Res. 129:325-338.
*Briggs, D.G., R. Kantavichai, E. C. Turnblom. 2010. Predicting the Diameter of the Largest Breast-height Region Branch
of Douglas-fir Trees in Thinned and Fertilized Plantations. For. Prod. J. 60(4):322-330.
*Vaughn, N.R., E.C. Turnblom, M.W. Ritchie. 2010. Bootstrap evaluation of a young Douglas-fir height growth model for
the Pacific Northwest. For. Sci. 56(6): 592-602
Accepted
*Harrison, R.B., P.W. Footen and B.D. Strahm. (Accepted). Deep soil horizons: Contribution and importance to soil C
pools and in assessing whole-ecosystem response to management and global change. Forest Science.
Todoroki, C.L., Lowell, E.C., Dykstra, D.P. and Briggs, D.G.. Colour maps and models of wood property distributions within
Douglas-fir trees. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Sciences.
2011
Theses:
Footen, P.W., 2011. The effects of previous nitrogen fertilization on productivity and soil nitrogen and carbon pools of
subsequent stands of Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific Northwest. MS Thesis. School of forest Resources,
University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 54 pp.
Petrova, M. 2011. Improving Ponderosa Pine Growth Predictions in the Southwest. MS Thesis. School of Environmental
and Forest Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 98195. 109 p.
Vaughn, N. 2011. Decomposing waveform lidar for individual tree species identification. PhD Dissertation. School of
forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 160 pp.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/62102632/Decomposing-Waveform-Lidar-for-Individual-Tree-Species-Identification
Publications:
*Vikram, Vikas, Marilyn L. Cherry, David Briggs, Daniel W. Cress, Robert Evans, and Glenn T. Howe (accepted 2010).
Stiffness of Douglas-fir Lumber: Effects of Wood Properties and Genetics. Can. J. For. Res. 41 1160-1173 (2011).
Vaughn, N.R., E.C. Turnblom, M.W. Ritchie. 2010. Bootstrap evaluation of a young Douglas-fir height growth model for
the Pacific Northwest. For. Sci. 56(6):592-601.
Harrison, R.B., P.W. Footen and B.D. Strahm. 2011. Deep soil horizons: Contribution and importance to soil C pools and
in assessing whole-ecosystem response to management and global change. Forest Science 57(1):67-76. Available
at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Harrison-etal-2011.pdf
Harrison, R.B., D.A. Maguire, and D. Page-Dumroese. 2011. Maintaining Adequate Nutrient Supply -- Principles, Decision
Support Tools, and Best Management Practices. Page 33-42 in S.D. Angima and T.A. Terry Best Management
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Practices for Maintaining Soil productivity in the Douglas-fir Region. Oregon State University EM 9023. Available
at: http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1957/20678/em9023.pdf
Briggs, D.G. Wood quality: growing quantity vs quality value. Intensive Silviculture of Planted Douglas-fir Forests: in
Proc. Opportunities for Increased Productivity. Sponsored by Center for Intensive Plantation Forestry and Western
Forestry and Conservation Association, Feb 15, 2011, Portland, OR p77-117.
Vikram, Vikas, Marilyn L. Cherry, David Briggs, Daniel W. Cress, Robert Evans, and Glenn T. Howe 2011. Stiffness of
Douglas-fir Lumber: Effects of Wood Properties and Genetics. Can. J. For. Res. 41:1160-1173.
Lippke, B., E. Oneil, R. Harrison, K. Skog, L. Gustavsson, and R. Sathre. 2011. Life cycle impacts of forest management and
wood utilization on carbon mitigation: knowns and unknowns. Future Science: Carbon Management 2:303-333.
Available at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Lippke-etal-2011.pdf
Littke, K.M., Harrison, R.B., Briggs, D.G., and Grider, A.R., Understanding soil nutrients and characteristics in the Pacific
Northwest through parent material origin and soil nutrient regimes. Can. J. For. Res. Accepted.
Yadama,V.; Lowell, E.C.; and Langum, C. Characterization of wood strands from young, small-diameter trees. Wood and
Fiber Science. Accepted.
Devine, WD; TB Harrington; TA Terry; RB Harrison; RA Slesak; DH Peter; CA Harrington; CJ Shilling; SH Schoenholtz. Fiveyear vegetation control effects on aboveground biomass and nitrogen content and allocation in Douglas-fir
plantations on three contrasting sites. For. Ecol. Mgt. 262:2187-2198. Available at:
http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Devine-etal-2011.pdf
In-review:
Hill, Andrew, E.C. Turnblom. Improving modeled predictions of short-term Douglas-fir growth in eastern Washington,
USA by incorporating local weather information. Forest Science.
Hill, Andrew, E.C. Turnblom. Using local short-term weather and long-term climate information to improve periodic
diameter growth prediction for Douglas-fir growing in pure and mixed stands in eastern Washington USA Canadian
Journal of Forest Research.
Todoroki, C.L., Lowell, E.C., Dykstra, D.P. and Briggs, D.G Response of thinning treatments on Douglas-fir veneer
stiffness. NZ J. For. Sci.
*Vaughn N.R., Moskal L.M., Turnblom E.C. Tree Species Detection Accuracies Using Discrete Point Lidar and Airborne
Waveform Lidar. Remote Sensing 4(2):377-403.
Cross, J., E. Turnblom, J. Calhoun and G. Ettl. Biomass production on the Olympic and Kitsap peninsulas, Washington:
Updated logging residue ratios, slash pile volume-to-weight ratios, and supply curves for selected delivery
centroids. USFS GTR PNW.
In-preparation:
Ceder, K. and E. Turnblom. Predicting understory vegetation cover in young, managed forests of western Washington
and Oregon. For. Ecol. & Mgt.
Ceder, K. and E. Turnblom. A set of dynamic models to predict understory vegetation cover change in young, managed
Douglas-fir and western hemlock forest of Washington and Oregon west of the Cascade crest. For. Ecol. & Mgt.
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Turnblom, E.C. and N.R. Vaughn. Using stand density management diagrams for the development of late-successional
forests. For. Ecol. & Mgt.
Shryock, Benjamin, Robert Harrison, David Briggs The effects of urea fertilization on carbon sequestration in Douglas-fir
plantations of the coastal Pacific Northwest.
Devine, Warren, P.W. Footen, R.B. Harrison, T.A. Terry, C.A. Harrington, S.M. Holub. The effects of vegetation control on
nitrogen content and biomass of an 11-year-old bole-only Douglas-fir forest on a high productivity site.
Footen, P.W., R.B. Harrison, D. Zabowski, D.G. Briggs. Long-term effects of nitrogen fertilization on above ground
productivity and soil nutrients of Douglas-fir forest in the Pacific Northwest.
Lowell, E.C., Todoroki, C.L., Dykstra. D.P. and Briggs, D.G. Effect of thinning intensity on the stiffness of Douglas-fir
veneer. To be submitted to Forestry.
2012
Theses:
Bryce, J. 2012. Nonlinear approaches to predicting diameter of the largest limb at breast height in young, Douglas-fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) plantations growing in the Pacific Northwest. MS Thesis, School of
Environmental and Forest Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Himes, A. 2012. Risk to Long-term Site Productivity Due to Whole-tree Harvesting in the Coastal Pacific Northwest. MS
Thesis. School of Environmental and Forest Science, College of the Environment, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA 98195. Available at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/HimesAustin-Thesis-2012.pdf
Littke, K. 2012. The Effects of Biogeoclimatic Properties on Water and Nitrogen Availability and Douglas-Fir Growth and
Fertilizer Response in the Pacific Northwest. PhD Dissertatoin.School of Environmental and Forest Sciences,
College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195. Available at:
http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/LittkeKim-Dissertation-2012.pdf
Saetern, N. 2012. Multiple Regression Inference of Yield for Douglas-fir Plantations in the Pacific Northwest. MS Thesis.
School of Environmental and Forest Science, College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
98195.
Publications:
Suntana, A., K. Vogt, E. Turnblom, D, Vogt and R. Upadhye. 2012. Non-Traditional Use of Biomass at Certified Forest
Management Units: Forest Biomass for Energy Production and Carbon Emissions Reduction in Indonesia. Int. J.
Forestry Research. 2012: 1 – 12.
Devine, WD, P.A. Footen, B.D. Strahm, R.B. Harrison, T.A. Terry and T.B. Harrington. 2012. Nitrogen leaching following
whole-tree and bole-only harvests on two contrasting Pacific Northwest sites. For. Ecol. Mgt. 267:7-17. Available
at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Devine-etal-2012.pdf
Todoroki, C.L., Lowell, E.C., Dykstra, D.P. and Briggs, D.G. 2012. Maps and models of density and stiffness within
individual Douglas-fir trees. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Sciences. 42:1-13.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Vaughn N.R., Moskal L.M., Turnblom E.C. 2012 Tree Species Detection Accuracies Using Discrete Point Lidar and
Airborne Waveform Lidar. Remote Sensing 4(2):377-403.
In-preparation:
Turnblom, E.C., J. Bryce, K. Ceder, J. Comnick, N. Saetern. (IN PREPARATION). Silvicultural Manipulations Consequences
at Stand Management Cooperative Sites Part I: The effects of initial density in Type I, II, and III installations
through growing season 2010. SMC Working Paper No. N.
Himes, A.J., R. Harrison, D. Zabowski, E. Turnblom, D. Briggs, W. Devine, K. Hanft. (IN REVISION). Predicting risk of longterm nitrogen depletion under whole-tree harvesting in the coastal Pacific Northwest. For. Sci. vv: pp – pp
2013
Thesis:
Watts, A. 2013. An examination of stand attributes and the presence of English holly in a Pacific Northwest forest. MS
Thesis. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA. 98195. 77 p.
Publications:
Cross, J., E. Turnblom, J. Calhoun and G. Ettl. (2013). Biomass production on the Olympic and Kitsap peninsulas,
Washington: Updated logging residue ratios, slash pile volume-to-weight ratios, and supply curves for selected
delivery centroids. USFS GTR PNW – 872. 30 p.
Devine, WD, P.A. Footen, R.B. Harrison, T.A. Terry C.A. Harrington, S. M. Holub and P. J. Gould. 2013. Estimating Tree
Biomass, Carbon, and Nitrogen in Two Vegetation Control Treatments in an 11-Year Old Douglas-Fir Plantation On
a Highly Productive Site. USFS Research Paper PNW-RP-591, March 2013. Available at:
http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Devine-etal-2013.pdf
Himes, AJ, EC Turnblom, RB Harrison, KM Littke, WD Devine, D. Zabowski and DG Briggs. 2013. Predicting Risk of LongTerm Nitrogen Depletion under Whole-Tree Harvesting in the Coastal PacificNorthwest. Forest Science 60:382390. Available at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Himes-etal-2013.pdf
Holub, SM, TA Terry, CA Harrington, RB Harrison and R Meade. 2013. Tree growth ten years after residual biomass
removal, soil compaction, tillage, and competing vegetation control in a highly-productive Douglas-fir plantation.
Forest Ecology and Management 305:60-66.
Available at: http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/publications/Holub-etal-2013.pdf
James, J., Devine, W., Terry, T., Harrison, R. in press. Deep Soils: Accurately Quantifying and Modeling Carbon in
Subsurface Layers. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. Proceedings of the 12th North American Forest Soils Conference.
10.2136/sssaj2013.06.0245nafsc
Lowell, E.C., Todoroki, C.L., Briggs, D.G., Dykstra, D.P. 2013. Examination of acoustic velocity along veneer value-chain in
Douglas-fir trees. Ross, Robert J.; Wang, Xiping, eds. Proceedings: 18th International Nondestructive Testing and
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Evaluation of Wood Symposium. General Technical Report FPL-GTR-226. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. September 25-27, 2013. Madison, WI. pp. 125-133. (no
hard copy printed)
Suntana, A.S., E.C. Turnblom, K.A. Vogt. 2013. Addressing Unknown Variability in Seemingly Fixed National Forest
Estimates: Aboveground Forest Biomass for Renewable Energy. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and
Environmental Effects 35(6): 546-555.
In-preparation:
Filipescu, C., Lowell, E.C., Koppenael, R. “Modeling regional and climatic variation of annual wood quality attributes in
intensively managed Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific Northwest.” Canadian Journal of Forest Research.
Gehringer, K.R. and E.C. Turnblom. (IN REVIEW). Construction a virtual forest: Using hierarchical nearest neighbor
imputation to generate simulated tree lists. Can. J. For. Res. V(n): p – pp.
James, Jason, Warren Devine, Rob Harrison and Thomas Terry. Deep Soil Carbon: Quantification and Modeling in
Subsurface Layers. Prepublished Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
Jandl, R., M. Rodeghiero, C. Martinez, M.F. Cotrufo, F. Bampa, B van Wesemael, R.B. Harrison, I.A. Guerrini, D.D. Richter,
L. Rustad, K. Lorenz, A. Chabbi and F. Miglietta. Current status, uncertainty and future needs in soil organic carbon
monitoring. Science of the Total Environment.
Knight, E, P. Footen, R.B. Harrison, T. Terry, S. Holub. Competing vegetation effects on soil carbon and nitrogen 12 years
post-harvest in a Douglas-fir plantation on a highly productive site. Prepublished Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
Littke, Kim, R.B. Harrison, D. Zabowski, and D.G. Briggs. Assessing Nitrogen Fertilizer Response of Coastal Douglas-fir in
the Pacific Northwest using a Paired-tree Experimental Design. Forest Ecology and Management.
Littke, K.M., Harrison, R.B., Zabowski, D., M.A. Ciol and D.G. Briggs. Prediction of Douglas-fir Fertilizer Response Using
Biogeoclimatic Properties in the Coastal Pacific Northwest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research.
Littke, K.M., Harrison, R.B., Zabowski, D., and Briggs, D.G. Effects of geoclimatic factors on soil water, nitrogen, and foliar
properties of Douglas-Fir plantations in the Pacific Northwest. Forest Science.
Shryock, B., K. Littke, M. Ciol, D. Briggs and R.B. Harrison. The effects of urea fertilization on carbon sequestration in
Douglas-fir plantations of the coastal Pacific Northwest. Forest Ecology and Management.
Lowell, E.C., D.A. Maguire, D.G. Briggs, E.C. Turnblom, K.J.S. Jayawickrama, and J.Bryce. (IN REVISION). Effects of
silviculture and genetics on branch/know attributes of Coastal Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir and implications for
wood quality – A synthesis. Forests v(n): p –pp.
Miller, C., D. Zabowski, R.B. Harrison, and E.C. Turnblom. (IN REVIEW). Post-planting fertilization of Douglas-fir seedlings
during surface coal mine reclamation. For. Ecol. & Mgt. vv:p – pp.
Miller, C., G. King, Y.R. Liu, R.B. Harrison, E.C Turnblom, and D. Zabowski. (IN REVIEW). Assessing a modified Forestry
Reclamation Approach using Douglas-fir seedlings in the Pacific Northwest. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. vv: p – pp.
Petrova, M., E. Turnblom, and J. Bakker (IN REVISION). An improved 10-year periodic diameter model for ponderosa pine
in the Southwest that reduces long-term error propogation. For. Sci. v(n): p –pp.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
C. Technical Reports, Working Papers, etc.
Cross, J., E. Turnblom, J. Calhoun and G. Ettl. (Accepted for publication 2012). Biomass production on the Olympic and
Kitsap peninsulas, Washington: Updated logging residue ratios, slash pile volume-to-weight ratios, and supply
curves for selected delivery centroids. USFS GTR PNW
Turnblom, E., B. Gonyea, others. 2012. Silviculture Project Installation Review Summary. Stand Management
Cooperative, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195. 18 p.
Briggs, D. G., N. R. Vaughn 2011. Life Cycle Assessment of Forest Carbon Balance of Silvicultural Regimes of Douglas-fir
and Loblolly Pine. National Council on Air and Stream Improvement. 51pp.
Hann, D.W., A. Bluhm, and D.E. Hibbs. 2011. Development and evaluation of the tree-level equations and their
combined stand-level behavior in the red alder plantation version of ORGANON. Department of Forest
Engineering, Resources, and Management, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. 127p.
Harrison, R.B., D.A. Maguire, and D. Page-Dumroese. 2011. Maintaining Adequate Nutrient Supply -- Principles, Decision
Support Tools, and Best Management Practices. Page 33-42 in S.D. Angima and T.A. Terry Best Management
Practices for Maintaining Soil productivity in the Douglas-fir Region. Oregon State University EM 9023.
D. Conferences, Symposia, Workshops
Presentations:
Lowell, E.C., Todoroki, C.L., Dykstra, D.P., Briggs, D.G. 2013. “Examination of acoustic velocity along veneer value-chain in
Douglas-fir trees”. An oral presentation given by Lowell at the 18th International Nondestructive testing and
evaluation of wood symposium. Madison, WI (9/24-27/2013).
Filipescu, Cosmin. 2013. “Measurement methods and modeling approaches for predicting desirable future wood
properties.” IUFRO Division 5 Nancy, France (October 2013).
Lowell, E.C. 2013. “Non-destructive methods of evaluating wood quality along the forest to product value chain.” A
presentation to industrial forest landowners, real estate investment trusts, timber management organizations,
and other land managers on opportunities to identify resource value early in the forest management planning
process. Markets, Methods, and Innovations Driving PNW Timber Production ”, Vancouver, WA (12/3/2013).
Stephani Michelsen-Correa, North American Forest Soils Conference, Whitefish MT (June, 2013):
http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/ MichelsenStephanie-15NFate-NAFSC-2013.ppt
Stephani Michelsen-Correa, Soils Science Society of America Annual Meeting, Tampa FL (Nov. 2013), Northwest
Advanced Renewables Alliance, Corvallis OR (Sept., 2013).
A poster on Deep Soil Carbon and Nitrogen was presented at the North American Forest Soils Conference in June 2013.
A copy is available at: http://soilslab.cfr. washington.edu/JamesJason-DeepSoilPoster-NAFSC-2013.ppt
Another poster on Deep Soil Carbon and Nitrogen was presented at the Soil Science Society of America Annual
Conference in November 2013.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
A paper on the distribution and modeling of forest soil C was accepted by the Soil Science Society of America Journal and
a second paper documenting the distribution and modeling of nitrogen in deep forest soils was recently accepted
by the journal Forest Ecology and Management
The following five technical presentations can be downloaded from the SMC website
(http://www.cfr.washington.edu/research.smc/pages/events.html)
1. Update on the Type I installations field sampling, Doug Maguire
2. Report on Paired Fertilization Study, Kim Littke
3. Type I Summary, Eric Turnblom
4. Type III Summary, Kevin Ceder
5. Final Report Effects of Planting Density on Branch Size, Jed Bryce
6. Online SMC Fact Sheets and Progress Reports
http://www.cfr.washington.edu/research.smc/pages/fact_sheets.html
E. Software
1. Sidell, A., R.B. Harrison. 2000. Productivity Management “Toolbox”
http://depts.washington.edu/nitrogen/http://www.cfr.washington.edu/research.smc/treelab/Website/TreeLab
_home.htm
2. Gehringer, K., E.C. Turnblom. 2001. Tree List Generator Software & Manual:
http://depts.washington.edu/silvproj/tlghome [download requires password available from Silviculture Project
Leader Eric C. Turnblom]Haukaas, J. 2006. Young Tree List Generation Database System, available in CD, beta
test version, contact Eric Turnblom for a copy at 206-543-2762
3. Pittman, S., E.C. Turnblom. 2001. Treelab Software & Manual
http://www.cfr.washington.edu/research.smc/treelab/Website/TreeLab_home.htm
4. Haukaas, J. 2008. Tree List Generator: Graphical User Interface. http://depts.washington.edu/silvproj/tlghome/
5. SMC ORGANON and associated DLL’s are available on the ORGANON web site, contact David Hann
(david.hann@oregonstate.edu) http://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/fr/research/organon/
6. CONIFERS is available from the USFS web site, contact Martin Ritchie (mritchie@fs.fed.us)
http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/programs/ecology_of_western_forests/projects/conifers/
7. FVS contact: Erin Smith-Mateja (eesmith@fs.fed.us) http://www.fs.fed.us/fmsc/
F. CD’s Contact SMC for copies: 206-543-9744
1. 2004 RFNRP Publications
2. Alder Symposium “Red Alder: A state of knowledge” streaming video
3. SMC 20th Anniversary streaming video
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendices
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix A
STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE SPRING MEETING
May 8th 2013, 8:30- 4:00
Heathman Lodge, Vancouver, WA
May 8
AGENDA
8:30
Coffee & Rolls
9:00
Welcome & Introductions: Dean Stuck, Policy Committee Chair; Greg Ettl, Director
1. Sierra Pacific
9:10
Accomplishments
1) 2012 at a glance
 Budget
 Research highlights
 SMC member visits
 External funding
2) Meetings
 Policy Advisory Committee (PAC) Meetings
 Installation Review Committee (IRC)
 Review Measurements Approach Committee (RMA)
 Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)
 CAFS Annual Meeting, St. Simons Island, Georgia
Technical Reports
9:25
Wood Quality TAC Report-Eini Lowell, Wood Quality Project Leader
9:35
Nutrition TAC Report-Rob Harrison, Nutrition Project Leader
 Plot based paired tree studies
 Student updates
Modeling TAC Report-Dave Marshall, Modeling Project Leader
9:55
10:05
10:25
Silviculture TAC Report –Eric Turnblom, Silviculture Project Leader
 CAFS Type IV
 Technical reports, modeling methods
 Student updates
Break
10:40
Tim Harrington, (PNW Research Station), Matlock and Molalla long-term soil productivity
studies
11:00
Doug Mainwaring, (OSU Faculty Research Assistant), Summary of current results from the
Giustina fertilization trials
11:20
Doug Maguire, CIPS development of modifier functions for estimating direct effects of respacing,
thinning, and fertilization on individual-tree
11:40
Student Presentations
1) Jason James, (MS student, Harrison), Status of paired-tree study for predicting
response to fertilizer
2) Stephani Michelsen, (PhD student, Harrison), 15N tracer to track fate and efficiency of
N fertilizer
12:00
Lunch
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Appendix A
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE SPRING MEETING
May 8th 2013, 8:30- 4:00
Heathman Lodge, Vancouver, WA
1:00
Director’s Introductory Preface: SMC Budget and Research
1) RFP’s
a. Eini Lowell
b. Eric Turnblom
11:10
Eini Lowell, Wood Quality Project Leader
RFP PROJECT TITLE:
Wood Quality Measures of Trees from SMC/CIPS Paired-Tree Fertilization Projects
11:30
Eric Turnblom Silviculture Project Leader
RFP PROJECT TITLE:
Stand and Tree Response to Varying Timing and Intensity of Pre-Commercial Thinning
1:50
Director’s Comments
1) Policy Advisory Committee Meeting Summary
2) Budget and research limitations
Break
2:00
2:10
2:40
Discussion on proposals
1) 2013 Plans
 Working toward SMC products
 Separate TAC Meetings for Nutrition and Silviculture June/July 2013
 RFP Continuation August 2013
 Budget, BLM
 SMC September fall meeting
 Location, date, structure, any interests in a half day workshop
 Using the Type I, II, III models web interface
2) Other Meetings, Conferences, & Workshops
 IUFRO-Darly Lederle, USFS
3:00
Other Business
3:30
Adjourn
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix A
Minutes 2013 SMC Spring Meeting
Stand Management Cooperative Annual Spring Meeting
May 8th 2013
Heathman Lodge, Vancouver, WA
ATTENDEES
Bureau of Land Management, George McFadden; Campbell Group, Dave Hamlin; Cascade
Timber, Bill Marshall; Green Diamond Resource Company, Randall Greggs, Steve Loy; Hampton
Resources, Dennis Creel; Hancock Forest Management, Bruce Ripley, Dean Stuck; Lone Rock
Timber Co., Chris Sexton; Longview Timberlands LLC, Andy Hopkins; Olympic Resource
Management, Sean Garber, Scott Holmen; Oregon Department of Forestry, Tod Haren; Oregon
State University, Doug Maguire, Doug Mainwaring; Plum Creek Timber Co., Steve Gravelle;
Port Blakely Tree Farms, Chris Lacy; Quinault Indian Nation, Jim Plampin; Rayonier Forest
Resources, Candace Cahill, Mark Hebert, John Paul McTague; Roseburg Forest Products, Sara
Lipow, Mark Wall, Roberto Volfavicz-Leon; Sierra Pacific Industries, Tom Nelson, Josh Misenar;
Stimson Lumber Co, Margret Banks, Roger Van Dyke; TimberWest, Andres Enrich; University of
Washington, Greg Ettl, Stephani Michelsen-Correa, Bob Gonyea, Rob Harrison, Jason James,
Megan O’Shea, Eric Turnblom; University of BC, Bruce Larson; USFS PNW RS, Connie
Harrington, Tim Harrington, Daryl Lederle; Washington DNR, Scott McLeod; Weyerhaeuser
Company, Scott Holub, Dave Marshall
The meeting was at the Heathman Lodge, Vancouver, WA beginning at 9:00 AM with the
agenda in Appendix A. There were 42 attendees from 24 organizations. Policy Committee Chair
Dean Stuck opened the meeting welcoming the attendees and introduce Candace Cahill as ViceChair. After introductions Dean touched on the changes in the past eighteen months including
Dave Briggs retirement, renewing TAC and PAC meetings after several years of minimum
meetings, SMC Director Greg Ettl’s shift towards more discussion and focus, defined formats for
RFP’s, working towards addressing members desire for analytical analysis of the data while also
acknowledging the budget has limited leeway to currently accomplishing this. Dean asked
members to think of ways to better leverage SMC’s limited resources and to pay attention to
the University and any changes to staff policies, or directions that might affect the coop,
positively or negatively. Director Ettl welcomed SMC’s newest member Sierra Pacific Industries
(SPI) Tom Nelson, Washington Regional Manager gave a brief overview of SPI and stated their
interest in fertilization response near their 80,000 ac Ryderwood and 100,000 ac Hamilton tree
farms. Greg Ettl outlined the meeting objectives:
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix A
ACCOMPLISHMENTS 2012 at a glance

Member visits

Meetings

o
Policy Advisory Committee (PAC) Meetings
o
Installation Review Committee (IRC)
o
Review Measurements Approach Committee (RMA)
o
Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)
o
CAFS Annual Meeting, St. Simons Island, Georgia
Technical Reports
o
TACs
o
OSU
o
PNW Research Station
o
UW graduate students

Research for Proposals (RFP)
•
Review 2013 plans
BUDGET
•
Carried over $17,910
•
Added Sierra Pacific, ($20,000 in dues), lost Renewable Resources ($8,442) and $14,702 in dues
from Weyerhaeuser and BLM due to a reduction in Weyerhaeuser’s acreage.
•
Some public land agency uncertainty with sequester
•
We will have a carryover of most likely between $20,000 and $40,000
•
We might need to adjust spending down
•
Requests for Proposals (RFP) may be tied to funds
SMC UPDATES since 9/2012
•
The measurements will be complete this week for 2012-2013 measuring season
•
Data will likely be available for distribution July 1
•
Process in place for new research projects
•
TAC Meetings to discuss research
•
Request for proposals, feedback from PAC, revisions, discuss today
•
CAFS Annual Meeting, St. Simons Island, Georgia
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix A
TECHNICAL REPORTS
Wood Quality TAC Report: Eric Turnblom presenting for Eini Lowell
LOGS Study Update: CJFR manuscript to be submitted May 2013 for special issue from IUFRO
conference last July, Modeling regional and climatic variation of annual wood quality attributes
in intensively managed Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific Northwest. Abstract offered to IUFRO,
Measurement methods and Modeling approaches for predicting desirable future Wood
properties, Nancy, France, October 2013. (Appendix B)
Paired Tree Study SMC-CIPS:
•
Wood quality work started on two high responding CIPS sites (Sweet Home and Vernonia
Oregon)
•
SMC – OSU CIPS – PNW cooperative effort
•
Graduate student (MS) Luyi Li working on project with Eric Turnblom
Northwest Advance Renewables Alliance: This is part of a larger AFRI (Agriculture and Food
Research Initiative) grant to produce aviation jet fuel from biomass that has both a westside
and eastside feedstock component. Feedstock team testing Douglas-fir trees from SMC Type I
installation buffer zones, next step, logging slash (tops and limbs) from west side Douglas-fir
forests in Oregon and Washington the focus of raw material supply for the next pilot supply
chain coalition.
On behalf of Eini, Eric asked members if the WQ TAC was really needed or should it be
combined with one of the other TACs, the general consensus was to keep the TACs as is.
Otherwise, proposed strategy for 2013 is to continue to work with other TACs to build in wood
quality components (e.g. Agenda 2020 paired tree study) and work with academic intuitions to
support graduate students interested in wood quality projects.
Nutrition TAC Report-Rob Harrison
Presentations related to the SMC Nutrition TAC included the SMC Type V (Paired Tree) study,
the 15N study, and the ongoing LTSP (Fall River) study, Paired Tree Study and 15N: Jason James
(MS) and Stephani Michelsen-Correa (PhD), and two presentations at CAFS, five at NAFSC, five
at SSSA, other conferences and meetings. (Appendix C).
Former MS student Austin Himes, (now working for Greenwood Resources) thesis Risk to Longterm Site Productivity Due to Whole-tree Harvesting in The Coastal Pacific Northwest has been
accepted to Forest Science with rewrite, (minor and “no edits”).
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix A
Funding highlights
•
$20K NCASI for 2013
•
Approximately $300K/y equiv. TA/Gessel fellowships greatly increased
•
Partial salary buyback by UW Extension for Rob .5 months
•
Funding of $195,000 for 15N work, Fox et al. will pay for 15N and analysis for SMC paired-tree
sites; rated #1 in all of proposals presented at CAFS meeting this year
•
Student Updates
1. Erika Knight (MS) thesis, Harvest intensity and competing vegetation control have little effect on
soil carbon and nitrogen pools in a Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir plantation
2. Betsy Vance (MS) thesis, Investigating the ecological requirements of Hackelia venusta: an
examination of the soils and their potential influence on the limited distribution of one of
Washington States most endangered species
3. Three graduate students added in 2012 continuing in 2013: Stephani Michelsen-Correa (PhD),
Jason James (MS) and Marcella Menegale (PhD). Three new to be added, Christiana Dietzgen
(PhD), Erin Burke (MS) and Matt Norton (MS).
Modeling TAC Report-Dave Marshall
Dave said he did not have anything to report at this time.
Silviculture TAC Report-Eric Turnblom
Presentations related to the SMC Silviculture TAC included the CAFS Project: WQ Traits in
GGTIV, (contributors include Dave Briggs, Eini Lowell, Keith Jayawickrama, CL Huang, Jeff
Comnick, J Brad St Clair and Terrance Ye.), updates on the Browser-based Yield Calculator and
SMC Silviculture Project Type I, II and III installations performance in terms of yield and
increment. (Appendix D).
Student Updates
1. Kevin Ceder, Ph.D. Candidate, Modeling vegetation dynamics in young, managed coastal
Douglas-fir forests
2. Luyi Li, pursuing M.S., Douglas-fir wood quality properties in response to soil parent material
and fertilization
Eric provided a copy of Jed Bryce’s Project Progress Report on The Effects of Planting Density on
Branch Size with Linkages to Wood Quality, (Appendix E).
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix A
Potential member benefits
•
With basic tree-level descriptors managers have a good idea of how big the branches on the
butt log will grow, which can help with planning
•
Mills can use the information of varying densities and knot sizes to see if they are hitting targets
for specific markets and lumber grades
•
The model will be able to be used in growth and yield simulators to help create a continuum
between silviculture and the forest products produced
•
Previous studies from the SMC will allow DLLBH information to be connected to LLAD to get a
full view of the potential product recovery
TECHNICAL REPORTS cont.
PNW Research Station, Tim Harrington, Matlock and Molalla long-term soil productivity studies
(Appendix F).
Oregon State University, 1) Doug Mainwaring, Summary of current results from the Giustina
fertilization trials, 2) Doug Maguire, CIPS development of modifier functions for estimating
direct effects of respacing, thinning, and fertilization on individual-tree, (Appendix G).
UW Graduate Students, 1) Jason James, (MS, Harrison), Status of paired-tree study for
predicting response to fertilizer, 2) Stephani Michelsen, (PhD student, Harrison), 15N tracer to
track fate and efficiency of N fertilizer, (Appendix H).
RESEARCH FOR PROPOSAL
Two proposals were submitted in response to the RFP vote at the 2012 fall meeting
1. Eini Lowell, Wood Quality Project Leader, Wood Quality Measures of Trees from SMC/CIPS
Paired-Tree Fertilization Projects, (Appendix I).
2. Eric C. Turnblom, Silviculture Project Lead, Stand and tree response to varying timing and
intensity of Pre-Commercial Thinning, (Appendix J).
A motion was made by Scott Holem to fund Eric Turnblom’s project without any financial
component, (Project Description/Objectives: 2a), Margaret Banks second it.
Vote: Yes 15, No 2, Abstain 1. The motion passed.
Members expressed an interest in extending and enhancing the Paired-tree Project, Rob
responded by saying his current teaching load is such that he isn’t able to commit more time
to a new Paired-tree Project.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix A
2013 PLANS

Working toward SMC products

Field Measurements (Appendix K)

Separate TAC Meetings for Nutrition and Silviculture June/July 2013

RFP Continuation August 2013

Budget
o

Sequester cuts may possibly impact BLM’s membership with the SMC
SMC September fall meeting
o
Location: Vancouver WA, September, 16th or the 17th
o
Structure, any interests in a half day workshop


Using the Type I, II, III models web interface
Other Meetings, Conferences, & Workshops
o
XXIV IUFRO World Congress Oct 5-11, 2014 Salt Lake City, Co locating with SAF Meeting.
www.iufro2014.com
The meeting adjourned at 3:30.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix B
STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE ANNUAL FALL MEETING
Fort Vancouver, Vancouver, WA
September 17, 2013
AGENDA
BUSINESS MEETING
8:30
9:00
Registration. Coffee & Rolls
Welcome & Introductions
9:05
9:15
9:25
10:00
2013 Accomplishments, Announcements, etc.
2013 Budget Status
2014 Budget Projection
Dues Options, Discussion, and Vote
11:30
12:15
1:00
1:40
2:05
2:30
2:45
3:15
3:45
4:15
Greg Ettl
Greg Ettl/Finance Committee
Finance Committee
BREAK
10:30
10:45
Candace Cahill, Policy Committee Vice-Chair
Wood Quality Project Report
Modeling Project Report
Silviculture Project Report
Nutrition Project Report
Field Trip Follow Up
LUNCH
Eini Lowell
David Marshall
Eric Turnblom
Rob Harrison
Eric Turnblom
Model Validation Using SMC Dataset
Greg Johnson, Weyerhaeuser NR
ORGANON-N-R: Simulating the effect of spacing on wood quality using ORGANON in R
Nate Osborne, Ph.D. student, OSU
Response of wood density to thinning and fertilization on SMC Type I installations
Doug Maguire and/or Doug Mainwaring, OSU
Break
Genetic Gain Type IV Joint Report of 3 Installations (year 9)
Eric Turnblom
Model Estimates of Fertilization Effects in Douglas-fir Plantations Type V update
Kim Littke
Long-term Site Productivity: Fall River Update; Tracing the N, or why fertilizer doesn’t
always reach the intended trees. Rob Harrison
Adjourn
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix B
SMC FALL FIELD TRIP
September 16, 2013, 1:00 PM-3:30 PM
Vancouver, Washington
Type I installation, #704, Ostrander Road, Longview, WA
Carpool meeting location
Take exit 42 Ostrander RD, head east for 200', take a left on Pacific Ave, go 1/2 mile north to the dirt parking
pull off near the Ostrander store.
Come look at the results, after 26 years, of various silviculture treatments and be part of the discussion of
“how to get the most out of the Type I SMC installations prior to, during, and after harvest”.
The Stand Management Coop Type I installation, #704, Ostrander Road was installed in 1987 when this
Douglas fir stand was 9 years (BHA) old. It had all 15 treatments that are part of the Type I design (controls,
precommercial thinning, commercial thinning, fertilization, and pruning). It has been measured every 4 years
for 26 years.
Inst. 704 is the first Type I scheduled to be harvested. It is to be cut in 2015. This gives us only a couple of
years to plan (as an example
1. What additional measurements should we take prior to harvest?
2. What measurements/samples might we take during harvest?
3. What might we use the site for after it is harvested?
The differences between these treatments are very significant. It is important that we take advantage of our
last and only opportunity to gather data at this site. It will help us understand the treatment effects and help
us refine a technic that we might use at other installations as they reach final harvest.
There is nothing like standing and looking at the plots and trees when developing these plans. If you can’t join
us, the discussion will continue the next day at the fall meeting but you won’t have the advantage of
“experiencing” these treatment effects. We encourage you to participate in this field “experience” of which
we will be discussing at the business meeting the following day.
We will supply transportation to the field site, absolutely no personnel vehicles will be allowed on the field
trip. We will leave promptly at 1:00 so plan to be at the parking lot by 12:45.
Car pool meeting location
Take exit 42 Ostrander RD, head east for 200', take a left on Pacific Ave, go 1/2 mile north to the dirt parking
pull off near the Ostrander store.
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix B
Minutes
Stand Management Cooperative Annual Fall Meeting
September 16-17, 2013 Vancouver, WA
ATTENDEES
Bureau of Land Management, George McFadden; Campbell Group, Jim Carr, Dave Hamlin;
Cascade Timber, Bill Marshall; Flewelling Consulting, Jim Flewelling; Green Diamond Resource
Company, Randall Greggs; Hancock Forest Management, Nate Blacklock, Patrick Clune, Florian
Deisenhofer, Matthew Kamp, Brent Keefre, Bruce Ripley, James, Vander Ploeg; Lone Rock
Timber Co., Tim Drake; Mason, Bruce & Girard, Donald Gagliasso; Olympic Resource
Management, Sean Garber, Scott Holmen; Oregon Department of Forestry, Tod Haren; Oregon
State University, Doug Maguire, Nathaniel Osborne; Plum Creek Timber Co., Steve Gravelle,
Connor Fristoe; Mic Holmes; Port Blakely Tree Farms, Gareth Waugh; Quinault Indian Nation,
Jimmy Hargrove, John Mitchell, Jim Plampin, Larry Wiechelman; Rayonier Forest Resources,
Candace Cahill, Mike Oppenheimer, John Paul McTague; Roseburg Forest Products, Tony
Powell; Sierra Pacific Industries, Barry Armstrong; Stimson Lumber Co, Margret Banks, Roger
Van Dyke; TimberWest, Andres Enrich; University of Washington, Bob Gonyea, Greg Ettl, Rob
Harrison, Kim Littke, Megan O’Shea, Eric Turnblom; USFS PNW RS, Eini Lowell, Erin SmithMateja; West Fork Timber Co. Gene McCaul, Katri Rahkonen; Weyerhaeuser Columbia, Andy
Hopkins; Weyerhaeuser NR Company, Scott Holub, Greg Johnson, Dave Marshall
The fall field trip on September 16th looked at the Type I installation, #704, Ostrander Road,
Longview, WA, (handouts Appendix A), the business meeting on September 17th was at Fort
Vancouver, Vancouver, WA beginning at 9:00 AM with the agenda in Appendix B. There were
51 attendees from 23 organizations. Candace Cahill, Policy Committee Vice-Chair opened the
meeting welcoming the attendees. Director Ettl outlined the meeting objectives:

2013 at a Glance

2013-2014 Budget Status

Dues Options

Technical Reports
•
Field Trip Follow Up
ACCOMLISHMENTS
•
Completed measurements
o
Type I: 10 installations (111 plots) re-measured; 4 installations (5 plots) thin check
o
Type III: 6 installations (65 plots) re-measured; 3 installations (3 plots) thinned;
o
Type IV: 3 installations (66 plots) re-measured
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2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix B
o
Type V: 33 installations re-measured
•
2 MS degrees completed, 8 active students
•
Installation and Measurement Review Committee Reports
•
Joint TAC Meeting
•
Call for, and review of proposals: Turnblom’s PCT Analysis funded at spring meeting
•
Data distributed to members
•
15N fertilization project, and Type V paired tree study –CAFS funded ($38,000)
•
Effect of genetic gain and spacing on wood quality of Type IV—CAFS funded ($31,000)
•
Long-term site productivity -NCASI funded ($40,000)
BUDGET
•
PAC/Budget Committee conference call meeting September 4, 2013
o
Budget discussion led to consensus we need to look at dues increase
o
Dues flat for the last 20 years ($629,000 in 1995)
o
SMC has scaled back staff in response to inflation, Database Manager moved to ½ time
in July (free up $research)
o
State mandated raises projected to cost another $40,000 by 2017
o
Stayed in the black and added research this year
o
Increased research will require increased resources
•
2013 available funds $619,710
•
Projected 2013 Ending Balance $44,084
•
DNR will be back to full dues in 2014, in 2013 they will be at ¾ (owing to DNR’s fiscal calendar)
Greg Johnson brought up the subject of Longview Timber now being part of Weyerhaeuser
NR, Longview will be known as “Weyerhaeuser Columbia” and will not be paying separate
dues in 2014, their acreage will be included with Weyerhaeuser NR’s which will put
Weyerhaeuser (and BLM) back at the max dues of $79,514, (lowered to $72,166 in 2013
due to a decline in Weyerhaeuser’s land base). Longview’s 2013 dues were $35,406, with
BLM and Weyerhaeuser back at the max dues our net loss in 2014 will be $20,710.
Director Ettl presented 4 dues scenarios for the next 3-years with the goal to try and grow
the dues to $731,887 in 2016.
1. No Change
2. 4% each year
3. 4%,4%, 10%
4. 10%,4%,4%
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Appendix B
The discussion following centered on the question of being able to maintain the quality of
SMC’s data collection with the existing budget, cleaning up the database errors so members can
use it to its fullest and hiring an analyst.
Randall Gregg’s proposed making a motion to support dues scenario #4. Scott Holem second it.
George McFadden said a 10% increase will put the BLM in a position that necessitates looking
hard at the value of SMC data, Sean Garber pointed out even with a 10% increase the SMC
would have a hard time hiring an analyst unless there is carryover. Greg Johnson moved to
amend the motion to raise dues by 10% in 2014 without the 4% increases. Tod Haren and
George McFadden said a 10% increase puts a large burden on the public agencies; there was
some discussion about introducing a “dues cap” for the public agencies. The motion to raise
dues by 10% in 2014 passed with 12 in favor, 3 opposed and 1 abstaining.
TECHNICAL REPORTS posted on the SMC Events web page
http://www.sefs.washington.edu/research.smc/pages/events.html
•
TAC
o Wood Quality, Eini Lowell
o Modeling, Dave Marshal
o Silviculture, Eric Turnblom
o Nutrition, Rob Harrison
o Field Trip Follow up, Eric Turnblom
•
Model Validation Using SMC Dataset, Greg Johnson, Weyerhaeuser NR
•
ORGANON-N-R: Simulating the Effect of Spacing on Wood Quality Using ORGANON in R,
Nate Osborne, Ph.D. Student, OSU
•
Response of Wood Density to Thinning and Fertilization on SMC Type I Installations,
Doug Maguire, OSU
•
Genetic Gain Type IV Joint Report of 3 Installations (year 9), Eric Turnblom
•
Model Estimates of Fertilization Effects in Douglas-fir Plantations Type V Update, Kim
Littke
•
Long-term Site Productivity: Fall River Update; Tracing the N, or Why Fertilizer Doesn’t
Always Reach the Intended Trees, Rob Harrison
The meeting adjourned at 4:30
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Appendix C
STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE WINTER TAC MEETING
Heathman Lodge, 7801 NE Greenwood Drive, Vancouver, WA
January 10, 2013, 9:30-3:30
10 Jan
9:15
9:30
9:35
9:40
10:05
10:45
11:00
11:30
12:05
12:45
1:45
1:55
2:20
3:15
3:00
AGENDA
Meet and Greet, Coffee & Rolls
Meeting Goals and Expectations, SMC Director, Greg Ettl
Summary of SMC Fall meeting TAC breakout sessions and vote, (see tally below),
Greg Ettl
TAC Leader Goals-7 minutes each: TAC Leaders Rob Harrison, Eric Turnblom and
Eini Lowell
Round table on forest nutrition, the next phase of the paired-tree effort: Rob
Harrison
Coffee Break
Cont. Round table on forest nutrition, the next phase of the paired-tree effort:
Rob Harrison
Nutrition TAC: Refine the paired tree project objectives, anticipated deliverables
and timeline for 0work
Working Lunch with TACs discussing research proposals
Round table on Silviculture TAC-identified priority: PCT analysis to illuminate
what stands yield in response to different intensity of thinning and how tree
dimensions are impacted, by site and final stand goals, including how well Type Is
and IIIs are tracking.
Coffee Break
Silviculture TAC: Refine the PCT project objectives, draft the RFP to complete
work, anticipated deliverables and timeline for work
Wood Quality TAC: RFP for wood quality proposals: Eini Lowell
Wrap up discussion and next steps: Greg Ettl
Adjourn
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Appendix C
Joint TAC Meeting
January 10th 2013, Heathman Lodge, Vancouver, WA.
Meeting Minutes
Attendees: Campbell Group, Dave Hamlin; Green Diamond Resource Company, Randall Greggs;
Hancock Forest Management, Jim Vander Ploeg; Lone Rock Timber Co., Chris Sexton, Tim Drake;
Olympic Resource Management, Sean Garber; Oregon State University, Doug Maguire; Plum Creek
Timber Co., Steve Gravelle; Port Blakely Tree Farms, Gareth Waugh, Kim Littke; Roseburg Forest
Products, Tony Powell, Sara Lipow, Roberto Volfokicz Leon; Stimson Lumber Co, Margret Banks, Roger
Van Dyke; University of Washington, Greg Ettl, Bob Gonyea, Rob Harrison, Eric Turnblom; USFS PNW
RS, Eini Lowell; Washington DNR, Scott McLeod; West Fork Timber CO, Gene McCaul; Weyerhaeuser
Company, Scott Holub, Dave Marshall
Greg Ettl: Welcomed the group and described the intended day’s work. The PAC determined in March
21, 2012 that the next steps to initiating research projects would involve the TACs reviewing top ranked
research projects. To that end, the SMC fall meeting involved brainstorming of TACs and then the voting
of research priorities. The goal for this meeting was to focus on the top rated proposals: 1) Nutrition
TAC follows up on the paired tree study design and data, and 2) Silviculture TAC analysis of PCT
treatments and their effectiveness in increasing growth. Time was also set aside to discuss the wood
quality initiatives and their ties to other projects.
Rob Harrison, Eric Turnblom, and Eini Lowell each provided a brief overview their major goals for the
day to remind us of our intended focus. Dave Marshall provided a brief update on the modeling TAC.
Nutrition TAC
RFRNP Follow up Study. Rob Harrison then led a conversation of the Nutrition TACs research priorities.
Rob began the conversation with a proposal from John Turner, Dale Johnson, and Charlie Peterson to
revisit the RFNRP sites to expand soil sampling and then use this information to assess the long-term
growth response of fertilization by soil type. John Turner is hoping to take the lead and with SMC
approval remeasure and resample a selection of plots across the region to determine “whether
predicted changes (e.g. depletion of soil potassium due to immobilization in biomass or carbon was
accumulating at some rate) was actually occurring.” They predict the response is likely tied to soil type
and therefore there is a tie to the work of the paired tree study. This was meant to be mostly
informational as revisiting data analysis of previous sites received only two votes vs. 7 for
extending/enhancing the paired-tree studies.
Randall Greggs thought this would be a good idea if they didn’t need SMC resources. Discussion
revealed the likelihood that they would need at a minimum logistic and field support of Bob Gonyea to
relocate all of the plots. Jim Vander Plough suggested that if SMC resources were required then a
proposal would be necessary. Dave Hamlin, Doug Maguire, Randall Greggs, and Scott McLeod all added
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Appendix C
to a conversation with the conclusion that a 2 paged proposal should be solicited from the group for
review by the Nutrition TAC and approval of the PAC before any work is initiated. The suggestion was
for 2 versions of the proposal: a) full proposal costs, and b) stripped down version that would get us
started. Since the group expressed almost universal opinions that this would only be secondary, the
Nutrition TAC is not going to develop an RFP on this effort but instead focus their efforts on the
extending/enhancement of the paired-tree study.
Paired-tree Study. Rob next led a discussion of the paired plot study design and treatments. He
emphasized that the paired-tree design allowed for determination of response vs. no response, but was
not designed to determine magnitude of response. The conversation first addressed potential holes in
our data set. Kim Littke suggested the biggest geographic holes are likely in OR. Doug Maguire
indicated there were 16 sites on the OR coast but we might have needs to expand inland. There was
agreement that some of the holes in the data are likely due to holes in land coverage (gaps in
ownership), or in the lack of receptivity of some members to install the paired-tree plots on their land. It
was determined that some members would like to have a few more paired-tree plots on their land
should we decide to expand the geographic coverage. There were other members who suggested we
had already covered what we needed to and that it is likely we have achieved what we intended with
the design—we have a sense of responding vs. non-responding sites. There was additional conversation
on potential holes in the data before we shifted the focus to how we can use the responding sites as
locations for fixed plots that would allow us to assess the level of response.
The most logical next step for the paired-tree research was discussed as being able to link fixed area
plots that are sufficiently close to the responding paired tree study plots that we could determine the
level of the response. A general strategy could include installing (or locating existing) fixed area plots
adjacent to the paired-tree responders. It was suggested that we might select 2-3 plots of low, medium,
and high responding sites. The non-responders would be eliminated from fixed plot considerations. The
goal (hope?) would then be that there would be a trend in the response which would allow interpolation
of fertilization response for the majority of the responding sites.
Some of the most difficult challenges of installing fixed area plots are deciding where to put them since
they will likely be large in area compared to the paired-tree installation, and how many are needed to
provide a cost-efficient decision on fertilization. A good step would be to identify some plots that would
allow some initial tests. There was considerable discussion as to how we should invest in these
installations including the number of plots needed, and the size of the plots. There was concern that the
controls would need to be of sufficient distance (with plot buffers) from the fertilized plots that there
would not be overlap of fertilization to controls through presumed widespread root networks, but not
so far that site would be different in other respects. An ideal scenario would be to have some existing
fixed area plots near the paired tree plots so we wouldn’t have to go through the expense of new
installations.
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Appendix C
Bob Gonyea remembered (just after the meeting) that “…we already have 2 Type V installations with
"fixed area" plots in the same stand and immediately adjacent to the single tree
installation. Installations #845, Hanes Ranch and #893, Frozen Creek. Sean Garber, then with Roseburg
Timber, showed me the sites and wanted the individual tree studies next to the fixed plot installations
they had already installed in the stand.” These plots provide one opportunity to test the idea that we
can use a matched fixed area plot to the paired-tree plots in order to determine the magnitude of
response.
It was agreed that the next step is for Rob Harrison to create a Request for Proposal document that will
highlight the research needs for this next step in using the paired-tree data.
Silviculture TAC
Eric Turnblom initiated the conversation on constructing a RFP for an analysis of PCT in the Type I and III
stands in order to determine the relative response of stands of differing initial stocking and/or
respacing. The conversation began with a reminder of the initial plot design and thinning treatments.
The thinning treatments in the Type III installations were designed by the Silviculture TAC to follow
Wilson’s Spacing Index (Relative Spacing target of 0.17 and 0.27). Therefore the response of the stands
to these thinnings will be useful in determining the future trajectories of the stands under very early and
more conventionally timed entries. There was some initial confusion among the members as to how or
why this idea was the highest ranked research priority.
The group determined that one of the most important reasons for this analysis was to compare future
stand trajectories with and without thinning. Further, the usual question of what density to use to
deliver the most volume in the shortest time has become nuanced, so that nowadays many
silviculturists are asking what are the most profitable markets for the materials this stand might produce
and what are the PCT specifications that will most probably produce the optimum product mix, given
the current state of the stand. The SMC database is well-suited to comparing various timings and
intensities of precommercial thinning (early spacing) and subsequent thinning with unthinned plots at
various initial stockings. The output will be useful for growth modeling (e.g., refining ORGANON),
examining impacts on wood quality, comparing the potential array of log sorts under differing
trajectories. Each member will likely want input into the metrics as the outputs will inform their current
internal decision making processes. It was generally agreed that although many thin, evidence of the
benefits of thinning could support bottom-line considerations.
It was agreed that Eric would draft a Request for Proposals for the PCT analysis. That will then be
circulated among the Silviculture TAC members for comment.
Wood Quality TAC
Eini Lowell led a conversation regarding the wood quality proposals that were discussed at the SMC fall
meeting. Eini first noted that none of the wood quality proposals were on the top of people’s lists. Still,
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Appendix C
most members remain interested in wood quality and so we discussed ways that we might tie wood
quality projects to other active research projects. Eini proposed that wood quality measures could be
integrated into future research proposals.
The group identified one immediate opportunity for some wood quality work. A previous Agenda 2020
proposal indicated we would be comparing wood density with fertilization. We have the opportunity to
complete this part of the research by taking samples when thinning treatments are implemented; Doug
Maguire has a thinning planned where samples for this purpose may be gathered. There is also an
opportunity to collect wood samples as the paired-tree studies mature.
We concluded that we should look for opportunities to take some wood quality data as soon as possible
so that we can move forward some aspects of the Agenda 2020-related projects. Eini is to draft a
Request for Proposals that will meet the needs of getting some wood quality data soon, preferably by
piggybacking on another study.
Installation and Sunsetting Review Committee
We briefly discussed the follow up steps to the meeting we had in the spring to discuss current
installations and plans for potentially sunsetting some installations. We agreed that we need to develop
a protocol for sunsetting the Type I installations. The Installation Review Committee should meet again
to discuss options for redeploying these plots as carryover studies, and/or collecting wood quality data.
Modeling TAC
Dave Marshall provided a brief update on the modeling TAC. The highest current priority is examining
the Type I and III growth model fits. This is a priority project for Eric Turnblom. There was also
discussion of modeling thinned and unthinned growth responses in ORGANON. Currently, Doug
Maguire, under the auspices of the Center for Intensive Plantation Silviculture, is collaborating with Rob
Harrison and Eric Turnblom to update the thinning- and fertilization-response models contained in SMCORGANON to take advantage of the additional SMC measurement data that has been collected since the
last time those models were updated.
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Appendix D
SMC Policy Committee Conference Call
March 11, 2013, 10:30-12:30
AGENDA
1.
Vote on Sierra Pacific Industries joining the SMC, attached is the letter of information
provided them. According to the SMC By-Laws, Article V. Sierra Pacific Industries will
need to provide a letter asking to join the SMC and agree to pay dues based on their
acreage
SMC By-Laws, ARTICLE V: Membership Categories
I. Land Managing Organizations
a. Public agencies and private companies that manage forestland provide funds
to support the mission and provide land and operational support for field
research sites.
b. A Memorandum of Agreement governs the relationship between the Land
Managing Organization members and the SMC. Each member agrees to terms
presented in the renewable annual Memorandum of Agreement. An example is
presented in ANNEX A.
c. Organizations wishing to join the SMC as a Land Managing Organization
member do so through a written request to the Director. The application is
presented to the Policy Committee at its next meeting for approval.
2.
We will have 3 funding requests to review. Our goal for the meeting is to decide how
we want to handle prioritization.
a. Should the PAC decide on which proposals are worthy of funding or should it be
put up for vote at the May 8th annual spring meeting?
b. Is our desire to pick one project for funding and then see it through to
completion? We will review the budget to compare requests to anticipated
funding. A more complete review of the budget including summer crew needs
will take place at our next meeting.
3.
The structural organization of SMC. We have been pushing to have more research and
we need input on 4 issues:
1) Have we moved at the right pace in determining new research?
2) Have we made enough progress on previous commitments?
3) How best to be structured for the coming year(s)—given my competing time
4) SMC meetings, should we continue having 2 each year or
a. Hold a 2-day meeting each year with 1-day for the business
meeting/student presentation and ½ day for a workshop
b. Hold a 1-day meeting each year, business meeting/student presentation
and 2 workshops throughout the year
4.
Other ideas
5.
Next Steps
a. PC meeting prior to the annual meeting, optional dates: April 30th, May 1st, 2nd,
and 3rd, either in Vancouver, Olympia or as a conference call.
12:30 Adjourn
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Appendix D
SMC Policy Committee Conference Call
March 11, 2013, 10:30 AM - 12:30 PM
Attendees: BC Ministry of Forests, Louise de Montigny; Bureau of Land Management, George
McFadden; Hancock Forest Management, Dean Stuck; Green Diamond, Randall Greggs Olympic
Resource Management, Sean Garber;; Plum Creek Timber Company, Steve Gravelle; Port
Blakely Tree Farms, Gareth Waugh; Rayonier Forest Resources, Candace Cahill; Roseburg Forest
Products, Roberto Volfokicz; University of Washington, Greg Ettl, Megan O’Shea; Washington
DNR, Scott McLeod; West Fork Timber Company, LLC, Gene McCaul; Weyerhaeuser Company,
Greg Johnson, David Marshall
10:30 AM: SMC Director Greg Ettl welcomed the group and highlighted the topics intended for
discussion, 1) voting on Sierra Pacific Industries request to join the SMC, 2) reviewing three TAC
funding proposals, 3) the structural organization of SMC, and 4) the next steps for the SMC.
Agenda Item 1
Dean Stuck asked if the By-Laws reference a buy-in for new members or a minimum length of
involvement. According to the SMC By-Laws, Article V., new members provide a letter asking to
join and agree to pay dues based on their acreage, there is no required buy-in or length of
membership. Candace Cahill made a motion that we accept Sierra Pacific Industries as SMC coop members with 2013 dues being calculated from the acreage provided in their letter,
(Appendix A), requesting admission into the co-op. Sean Garber seconded the motion.
Approved motion 20, Opposed motion 0. The motion passed.
SMC By-Laws, ARTICLE V: Membership Categories
I. Land Managing Organizations
a. Public agencies and private companies that manage forestland provide funds to support
the mission and provide land and operational support for field research sites.
b. A Memorandum of Agreement governs the relationship between the Land Managing
Organization members and the SMC. Each member agrees to terms presented in the
renewable annual Memorandum of Agreement.
c. Organizations wishing to join the SMC as a Land Managing Organization member do so
through a written request to the Director. The application is presented to the Policy
Committee at its next meeting for approval.
Agenda Item 2
Joint funds from the SMC, Corkery and CAFS made available 70K as a base for this year’s research
proposals. First proposal for review
1. Eini Lowell: Wood Quality Measures of Trees from SMC/CIPS Paired-Tree Fertilization
Projects (Appendix B)
Comments
• Not interested in wood quality for Type V’s
• Interested in the study idea-but stands are too young for the work, what about looking at
the Type I’s
• If this is the end of the Type V’s we should use the opportunity to do some short term
destructive sampling, (more forward thinking)
• Let’s not overlook the potential value, change in wood quality early response would be
useful
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Appendix D
•
•
Not useful for face value of wood property
Bert and Bob just finished destructive testing on the CIPS plots, why not wait and see if
any response to fertilization is shown before starting another destructive testing project
• Should be asking “What do we already know” and “What do we need to answer”
• X-ray densitometry costs might be lower than estimated, find out what info Eini really
needs
Summary
One of the main issues that came up was the relative value in performing wood quality analysis
on the Type V sites as the trees might be too young to provide useful information. The group
started the conversation against the Type V analysis but moved toward thinking it was a good
idea. Eini needs to check charges by Silvascan and create a split budget, one low-priced and
another with full data collection itemizing what each item costs, broken down by year as it is
easier to come up with two smaller amounts rather than one big amount.
2. Eric Turnblom: Stand and tree response to varying timing and intensity of PreCommercial Thinning (Appendix D)
Comments
• Type I’s only go to 45, should we extrapolate 45+ years
• Simulating 45+ years would get to DNR’s PCT question-do growth models predict PCT,
what’s the value of PCT?
• Define PCT-not the same for all members
• CIPS has done a fair amount of comparing Type I & III’s, Dave Hann has a report out soon
o If the Type I’s are a valid surrogate for the planting density effects
o Is there a PCT effect, if so what is it?
• Work with Dave Hann and Doug to refine proposal, does the research dovetail
• Some members want economic outcome analysis included, others feel it wouldn’t be
cost effective, too many variables
• RFRNP’s published an economic analysis in the 1980-1982 Biennial Report, Bruce Bare,
Economic Analysis of the Merchantable Stand for Unthinned DF, 8 years after initial N
application pp. 40 (Appendix D)
http://www.cfr.washington.edu/research.smc/RFNRP/RFNRP_Annual.html
Summary
First the Policy Committee would like Eric to discuss the proposal with Dave Hann and Doug
Maguire, as members seemed to think there was some potential overlap with their efforts.
Apparently they presented some similar results at the last CIPS meeting. Members also would
like Eric to consider adding a separate budget justification for a generic financial analysis. There
was some disagreement as to how useful that analysis might be but this separate budget and
then anticipated outcome (sub proposal) was the best way to broker consensus.
3. Rob Harrison: Extension of Paired-Tree Type V Fertilization Design Adding Large Area
plots (Appendix E)
Comments
• Rejected as an incomplete proposal
• Policy Committee would like Rob to submit a revised proposal
All revised proposal need to be submitted to Greg Ettl by March 20th at 3:00 PM. He will forward
them to SMC Members for consideration. PC members would like to invite Doug Maguire to
present his research at the annual spring on May 8th.
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Appendix D
Agenda Item 3 & 4
The structural organization of SMC and next steps
1. Have we moved at the right pace in determining new research?
• Given the funding level-yes
2. Have we made enough progress on previous commitments?
• Reports aren’t published in timely manner
i. Often redundant, not useful to members
ii. Less interested in quarterly reports would like to see technical reports
iii. Lacking is application of the results for management
3. Members would like to see technical review session similar to what Doug Maguire
students take part in
• Members give feedback, interactive for students, resulting in better student
presentations at meetings
4. Field tours and workshops are useful
5. Greg announced he recently assumed the position of Assistant Director of the School,
and will be replacing Steve West as Associate Director this summer. Greg has been
working with the Director of the School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Tom
DeLuca, to free up his time to continue to work with the SMC. One-step in that process is
to step down as the Director of the Precision Forestry Cooperative; Monika Moskal will
be taking over as Director of the PFC.
• Members would like more information on what that means to the SMC budget, staff
time, commitment from the UW to the SMC
6. In light of the fact Greg will become the Associate Director of the School this summer it
was agreed the meeting structure should remain as is.
The next PAC committee meeting will be April 30th at Port Blakely Headquarters in Tumwater.
Meeting adjourned at 12:30
May 8th SMC Annual Spring Meeting, Heathman Lodge, Vancouver, WA.
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Appendix E
SMC Policy Committee Meeting
Port Blakely Headquarters, Tumwater, WA
April 30, 2013, 9:00-11:30
AGENDA
1. Review RFP’s and decided on how to handle prioritization
a. Funding
b. Should the PAC decide on which proposals are worthy of funding or
should it be put up for vote at the May 8th annual spring meeting?
c. Is our desire to pick one project for funding and then see it through to
completion? We will review the budget to compare requests to
anticipated funding.
2. The structural organization of SMC
a. New members, Green Crow?
b. Staffing, (is it time to rethink role of Database Manager, TAC’s, new
blood?)
c. Questions or concerns
3. SMC fall meeting
a. Location, date, structure, any interests in a half day workshop
i. Hands on SMC database with SAS or Excel
ii. Hands on Type I, II III models
4. Other
5. Adjourn
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Appendix E
SMC Policy Committee Meeting Minutes
Port Blakely Headquarters, Tumwater, WA
April 30, 2013, 9:00-11:30
Attendees: Bureau of Land Management, George McFadden; Campbell Group, Dave Hamlin; Hancock
Forest Management, Dean Stuck; Longview Timberlands LLC., Andy Hopkins; Olympic Resource
Management, Sean Garber; Plum Creek Timber Company, Steve Gravelle; Port Blakely Tree Farms,
Gareth Waugh; Rayonier Forest Resources, Candace Cahill; University of Washington, Megan
O’Shea; West Fork Timber Company, LLC, Gene McCaul; Weyerhaeuser Company, Greg Johnson
SMC Director Greg Ettl was ill and unable to drive to the Tumwater meeting but joined via conference
call. Megan O’Shea attended in Greg’s place. Greg welcomed the group and highlighted the topics
intended for discussion, 1) review RFP’s and decide on how to handle prioritization, 2) the structural
organization of SMC, and 3) SMC fall meeting.
Agenda Item 1
Joint funds from the SMC, Corkery and CAFS made available $20,000-$40,000 as a base for this year’s
research proposals. First proposal for review
1. Eini Lowell: Wood Quality Measures of Trees from SMC/CIPS Paired-Tree Fertilization
Projects
Summary
• One of the main issues brought up was the relative value in performing wood quality analysis
on the Type V sites, as the trees might be too young to provide useful information, but if this is
the end of the Type V’s we should use the opportunity to do some short term destructive
sampling. The second issue is funding wood quality research when the majority of the
member’s priorities are with silviculture and nutrition research requests. Since Bert and Bob
just finished destructive testing on the CIPS plots, why not wait and see if any response to
fertilization is shown before starting another destructive testing project. The committee
recommended submitting Eini’s research proposal to the members for further discussion.
2. Eric Turnblom: Stand and tree response to varying timing and intensity of Pre-Commercial
Thinning
Summary
Eric followed up on the committee suggestion that he discuss the proposal with Dave Hann and Doug
Maguire to see if there was any potential overlap with their efforts. Maguire and Turnblom agreed
that having whole-stand yield estimates (work anticipated in Eric’s proposal) provides a very useful
benchmark for the growth models that result from Maguire and Hann’s work. This paradigm was used
to benchmark Swiss Needle Cast growth modifiers for ORGANON; a subsequent yield analysis
provided the means to improve both prediction systems (both growth and yield), as well as achieving
the singular benefits of each separate analysis. Committee members suggested Maguire and
Turnblom do a joint presentation to help clarify where the synergy lies, this would be especially
beneficial for those SMC members who are not members of CIPS.
Agenda Item 3
The structural organization of SMC and next steps
Summary
In light of the fact some public land agencies are facing uncertainty with sequestration Greg has been
reviewing the structure of the SMC faculty, staff and research priorities in order to better serve the
members as a whole.
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SMC Policy Committee Conference Call
September 4, 2013, 9:30-11:30
2013 STAND MANAGEMENT COOP ANNUAL REPORT
Appendix F
Present Committee Members
BC Ministry of Forest, Louise de Montigny; Bureau of Land Management, George McFadden;
Campbell Group, Dave Rumker and Dave Hamlin; Hancock Forest Management, Florian
Deisenhofer; Longview Timberlands LLC., Andy Hopkins; Olympic Resource Management, Scott
Holmen and Sean Garber; Plum Creek Timber Company, Conner Fristoe; Rayonier Forest
Resources, Candace Cahill; West Fork Timber Company, LLC, Gene McCaul; Weyerhaeuser
Company, Greg Johnson
Present SMC Faculty and Staff
Greg Ettl (Director) and Megan O’Shea
Greg called a PAC meeting to review the upcoming Annual Fall Meeting Agenda and to discuss
raising dues starting 2014.
Agenda Item 1
1. Budget
• Last dues increase was 5% in 2005. The UW has said there will be a 4% costs of living
increase for all faculty and staff starting January 2014. Randy Collier has been cut to
half time but even at 50% we won’t have enough reserve to fund additional research
projects, a summer vegetation crew or take on any analysis.
• Greg asked for clarification from Greg Johnson how Weyerhaeuser’s land acquisition
of Longview Timber will affect their acreage. Greg said for now, in the short term
Longview will continue to function as an individual SMC member.
• After discussing if the SMC should focus only on data collection without any analysis,
which could mean potential for sun setting the Type I’s and the opportunity to
conduct destructive sampling and the potential of costs associated with replacing
Bob and Bert when they retire, all members unanimously agreed the SMC cannot
maintain even the status quo without a dues increase.
• Greg Ettl agreed to work up some due scenarios
2. Eric Turnblom: Stand and tree response to varying timing and intensity of PreCommercial Thinning
Summary
Eric followed up on the committee suggestion that he discuss the proposal with Dave Hann and
Doug Maguire to see if there was any potential overlap with their efforts. Maguire and Turnblom
agreed that having whole-stand yield estimates (work anticipated in Eric’s proposal) provides a
very useful benchmark for the growth models that result from Maguire and Hann’s work. This
paradigm was used to benchmark Swiss Needle Cast growth modifiers for ORGANON; a
subsequent yield analysis provided the means to improve both prediction systems (both growth
and yield), as well as achieving the singular benefits of each separate analysis. Committee
members suggested Maguire and Turnblom do a joint presentation to help clarify where the
synergy lies, this would be especially beneficial for those SMC members who are not members of
CIPS.
Agenda Item 3
The structural organization of SMC and next steps
Summary
In light of the fact some public land agencies are facing uncertainty with sequestration Greg has
been reviewing the structure of the SMC faculty, staff and research priorities in order to better
serve the members as a whole.
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Appendix F
To: SMC Budget Advisory Committee
On-line Meeting September 4, 2013
RE: 2014 Budget Projection and Dues
Dear Budget Advisory Committee,
It is my understanding that the Budget Advisory Committee was established in 2009 to help guide the
SMC through the ”Great Recession”. At that time dues were lowered, SMC staff was cut, and SMC
research was delayed. As of 2014 everyone will be at full dues, and our revenue has stabilized but it has
not returned to the pre-recession levels. This memorandum outlines the state of the SMC budget,
projections for 2014, and long-term budget needs.
A summary of the 2013 budget:
• Anticipated Revenue from Dues: $602,918 (assumes 3/4 dues from WADNR and full BLM dues
will be received—still outstanding.)
• We carried in $17,917, therefore $619,710 is available (less Weyco in-kind)
• Projected Expenses: $556,126 for salaries, travel, and overhead
• Includes moving the database manager position to ½ time effective July 15, 2013.
• Includes 4% average salary raises for employees—salaries have been flat for 5 years.
• Available balance $63,584
• Turnblom Proposal: Response of stands to varying intensity of PCT $19,500
• Anticipated Carryover into 2014: $44,084
Projected 2014 Budget
• Key changes in revenue:
o WADNR back to full dues: $49,162 (we add $12,290)
o Official loss of Renewable Resources but we haven’t had dues from them in 2 y
o If Weyerhaeuser purchases Longview
 Longview (-$35,406)
 Add acreage to Weyerhaeuser {dues up [2014 dues ($79,517)- 2013 dues
($72,166)]= +$7351}
 BLM also then increases +$7351
 Net change from Weyerhaeuser acquisition-$20,704
o Net Change in revenue 2014 will have $8414 lower revenue
• The change in revenue will not affect SMC ability to collect data and fund Eric’s project
• It is unclear if future mergers are planned—if so we may end up short (probably ok 2014)
Long-term Budget Considerations
• The dues have been essentially flat since 1995 ($629,000 that year—Figure 1)
• Inflation and increasing health care costs have chipped away at available revenue until we are at
the point we are at today. We are mostly data collecting coop.
• I was told there was a time when we had a full-time SMC Director. Eric said that when he
started ½ of his time was supported by the SMC. I believe there were also full-time analysts.
• Timber prices have shown a long-term decline since the peak of our dues (Figure 2).
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Appendix F
To: SMC Budget Advisory Committee
On-line Meeting September 4, 2013
RE: 2014 Budget Projection and Dues
Figures: 1-2
$1,200,000.00
$1,000,000.00
$800,000.00
Member dues
$600,000.00
Adjusted Dues 3%
inflation
$400,000.00
$200,000.00
$1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Figure 1. History of SMC dues and those dues inflation adjusted assuming a steady 3% inflation rate.
Figure 2. Delivered sawlog prices in 2012 dollars shows that timber prices are 50% off the highs of
the late 1990s (source: Campbell Group;
https://www.campbellgroup.com/timberland/primer/timber-prices.aspx)
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Appendix F
To: SMC Budget Advisory Committee cont.
On-line Meeting September 4, 2013
RE: 2014 Budget Projection and Dues
Maintaining the SMC Status Quo
• Assuming 4% annual salary increase we will require $40,000 more revenue in 2017
o At that time we will have to raise dues or stop analysis altogether
• At some point we will need to replace Bert and Bob
o Do we wait to raise dues when there is a crisis or should we
 Train a replacement now
 Save dues for that inevitable extra expense
Growing the SMC
• Increasing the installation and research capacity of the SMC will require more money
• Rob Harrison and Kim Littke will produce a proposal for a paired-tree plot installation this year
o Budget needs refinement but it is about $85,000/y for 4 years
• We could increase outputs with extra personnel
o Examples of Personnel Expenses
 Additional Field Crew member full-time: $60,000/y (all with benefits)
 Data Analyst: $80,000/y
• Shifting database manager back to full-time from ½ time $40,000/y
 Full-time faculty member $100,000/y
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Appendix G
Joint TAC Meeting
November 7th 2013
Gifford Pinchot Headquarters, Vancouver, WA.
Meeting Minutes
Attendees: Campbell Group, Dave Hamlin; Hancock Forest Management, Florian Deisenhofer, Patrick Clune;
Olympic Resource Management, Sean Garber, Scott Holmen; Oregon State University, Doug Maguire; Plum
Creek Timber Co., Steve Gravelle; Port Blakely Tree Farms, Gareth Waugh; Rayonier, Candace Cahill; Sierra
Pacific Industries, Josh Misenar; Stimson Lumber Co., Margret Banks; University of Washington, Greg Ettl,
Rob Harrison, Eric Turnblom, Kim Littke; USFS PNW RS, Eini Lowell; Washington DNR, Richard Bigley;
Weyerhaeuser Company, Greg Johnson, Dave Marshall. Conference call: Washington DNR, Scott McLeod; BC
Ministry of Forest, Louise de Montigny
Greg Ettl welcomed the group and described the intended day’s work focusing on, 1) SMC Type V extension,
paired-tree + plot based studies, 2) Follow up on the PCT analysis, product mixes and wood quality, 3)
Modeling summary of Type I and Type III installations and 4) Discussion on planning to sunset Ostrander Road
and other Type I installations.
Nutrition TAC
Rob Harrison
The Type V Paired-Tree Fertilization Trial ends in 2016. At the last TAC meeting members decided the most
logical next step for the paired-tree research was being able to link fixed area plots that are sufficiently close to
the responding paired tree study plots that we could determine the level of the response. Rob Harrison and
Greg Johnson proposed going through RFNRP data to test against Kim’s predicted model with the goal of
delivering a conversion between paired-tree and fixed-area plot fertilizer response and an improved model of
fertilizer response representing current gaps in predictors. There are several potential problems since RFNRP
stands are largely natural regen rather than plantations, and tend to be heavily in lower productivity classes,
while Type V are higher productivity classes; however, the time required to complete this task should be short
and the data is already available, so it was agreed to pursue this analysis. In the long run members would be
able to identify sites that don’t respond to fertilization, improve sites that do respond and identify relative
volume response of fertilization based on site properties, some members have suggested we already have a
sense of responding vs. non-responding sites, Rob noted if the project was extended it would include
estimating volume gain through large fixed-area plots in existing Type V installations. According to Bob
Gonyea, we have 2 Type V installations with "fixed area" plots in the same stand and immediately adjacent to
the single tree installation, installations #845, Hanes Ranch and #893, Frozen Creek, providing the opportunity
to test the idea that we can use a matched fixed area plot to the paired-tree plots by measuring response per
area every two years for at least six years.
Silviculture TAC
Eric Turnblom
PCT Analysis
The conversation began with a review of the PCT objectives, timeline and yield model work. It was generally
agreed that although many thin, evidence of the benefits of thinning could support bottom-line
considerations. Margaret Banks and Josh Misenar brought up the possibility of getting a split scale on the top
log, taking log deductions and producing a survival curve. Scott Holmen said he’d like to see a mechanism to
output either text or excel files.
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Appendix G
Joint TAC Meeting cont.
November 7th 2013
Gifford Pinchot Headquarters, Vancouver, WA.
Performance Report SMC2
Eric presented the following feedback from the TAC review panel
• All confirmed its usefulness
• SI30 (Flewelling, et al.) to SI50 (either Bruce or King) conversion table desirable
• Mention log lengths and trim assumptions
• Comprehensive map showing all installation
• Type locations
• Expand section on hemlock
• Include LCR, perhaps H:D ratio information
SMC Yield Calculator
• Feedback confirmed its utility
• Possible enhancements
o Provide mechanism for comparing two or three stands; e.g., two different densities, or all
trees along with crop trees, or all three species mixes
o Include a slider for SI50 that mirrors the one for SI30
o Add measurement units to tables lacking them
Ostrander Road
The discussion centered on when the Type I sites are harvested what if/any; measurements might be taken
prior, during and following harvesting; (besides the usual data collected every measurement cycle). Should a
carry-over site be installed? Have the Type I’s accomplished their objective? The general consensus at the fall
meeting was if we do decide to continue gathering high quality data it should not go past age 50.
Should we strive for a “good” sample across the SMC land base?
• How to stratify sites into groups?
• Pools of “similar” installations
• Hierarchical clustering
• Multi-Dimensional Scaling
• Seed Transfer Zones?
• Other planting stock deployment zones?
Other comments
• Try structural attribute breakdown of the data
• Take existing diameter growth equations and calculate residuals
• From a growth and yield standpoint we should pinpoint site index
• Bring all controls to age with suppression related mortality, idea of max carrying capacity
• Models not very good at high density
• Wood quality subroutines in ORGANON
o see what dataset are available and needed
• Include wood quality measurements
o destructive sampling
o hitman data, ring width
o log yard to mill, lumber grade, distribution
o Possible relevance of wood quality data to market
• We’re looking at a lot of data!
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Appendix G
Joint TAC Meeting cont.
November 7th 2013
Gifford Pinchot Headquarters, Vancouver, WA.
The next step in the Ostrander Road debate will be to put together a group of members interesting in
contribute to the sunsetting protocol, Eric, Eini and Dave Marshall will head the committee, Megan will send
out an email inviting. The goal is to establish a timeline and protocol to present at the annual spring meeting in
April.
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STAND MANAGEMENT COOPERATIVE STAFF
University of Washington
Greg Ettl, SMC Director
Randy Collier, Senior Computer Specialist
Bob Gonyea, Field Coordinator
Rob Harrison, Nutrition Project Leader
Bert Hasselberg, Field Technician
Kim Littke, Post-doctorate
Megan O’Shea, Administrative Specialist
Eric Turnblom, Silviculture Project Leader
William Bizak, Hourly Field Assistant
B.C. Ministry of Forests
Louise de Montigny, Research Forester
PNW Research Station
Eini Lowell, Wood Quality Project Leader
Weyerhaeuser Company
Dave Marshall, Modeling Project Leader,
Stand Management Cooperative, UW School of Environmental and Forest Science (SEFS)
Box 352100 Seattle, Washington, 98195. Phone: 206-543-9744, Web: http://www.standmgt.org
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