Improving Sustainability via Behaviour
Change: Facilities Management
Industry and Research Perspectives
In collaboration with:
Event sponsored by:
@UCLBehaveChange
Image source: http://cdn.home-designing.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/google-office-snapshots-1.jpeg
#CBCSustain
Marcella Ucci
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Lecturer in Environmental and Healthy Buildings at
UCL
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Chair of the UK Indoor Environments Group (UKIEG)
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Committee member of the BIFM Sustainability
Special Interest Group
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Committee member of the Centre for Behaviour
Change Executive Committee
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Simon Grinter
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Head of Facilities Management at Greater London
Authority
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Chair of Board at Potters Fields Park Management
Trust
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Secretary of Sustainability Special Interest Group at
BIFM
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Simon Grinter
Sustainability Special Interest Group
Aims & Objectives
> Act as a centre of excellence for knowledge and
opinion within the FM sector
> Promote best practice, awareness, participation and
learning
> Inform the facilities community and other stakeholders
about the importance of effective sustainable
development practice to create a framework that
allows an active business contribution
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What do we do?
> Collaborate with others
 Regions/Other SIGs
 Sustainability Exchange with HE
 WRAP Strategy Group
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Consultations
Annual Survey
Good Practice Guides
Articles / Newsletter / Events
Follow us on twitter @BIFM_Sust
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Improving Sustainability via
Behaviour Change
An FM practitioner's perspective
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Smart Buildings
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Unforeseen Consequences
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Engagement
Ownership
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Susan Michie
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Director of the UCL Centre for Behaviour Change
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Co-Director of the Centre for Outcomes, Research
and Effectiveness (CORE)
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Professor of Health Psychology
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Behaviour Change
across disciplines and sectors
Susan Michie
Professor of Health Psychology
Director of Centre for Behaviour Change
Improving Sustainability, March 2014
UCL Centre for Behaviour
Change
@UCLBehaveChange
www.ucl.ac.uk/behaviour-change
Aims
• In relation to behaviour change……..
• Advance cutting-edge cross-disciplinary research, teaching
and training
• Improve communication, collaboration and research
translation, within and beyond UCL
• Increase the impact of UCL research and expertise in
behaviour change across sectors: public, third sector,
commercial and policy
What is the Centre?
Professor Susan Michie
Director
Dr Stephanie Lietz
Dr Caroline Wood
Project Manager
Assistant Director
Executive Committee
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Psychology
Human-Computer Interaction
Built Environment
Environmental sustainability
Public Policy
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Law
Economics
Health informatics
Behavioural medicine
Arts & Humanities
Some current activities
• Partnering with organisations in research and commercial
bids
• Providing consultancy on strategic, policy and service
issues
• Designing and delivering bespoke training courses,
building on our successful 15 session Behaviour Change
course for UCL Partners
• Building a database of researchers in the area of
behaviour change, by subject and discipline
• Developing a cross-disciplinary module in behaviour
change at undergraduate, and later, Masters level
Events
2nd June
12th May
6th May
Reserve
your place NOW at: www.ucl.ac.uk/behaviour-change
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• One week Summer School:
4th - 8th August
• Developed and led by world-renowned
experts in the field
• Introduce principles of behaviour
change with practical examples
• Individual and group mentoring
sessions
Reserve
your place soon at: www.ucl.ac.uk/behaviour-change
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Events will include a
variety of activities:
• Panel debates
with high profile
speakers
• Industry Speed
Dating
• Workshops
• Poster sessions
• Demonstration
sessions
Call for student
presentations
now open
(Deadline: 22 April)
More details to be announced soon at: www.fdh.ucl.ac.uk
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Example of behaviours…
reducing waste
1. Use smaller waste bins
2. Use recycling bins more frequently
3. Composting
Example of behaviours…
reducing waste
1. Use smaller waste bins
2. Use recycling bins more frequently
3. Composting
Example: Townsville Residential Energy
Demand Program (TRED Program)
• Identified 240 separate behaviours
– Reducing Electricity Consumption
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Hot Water Systems - 24
Kitchen Appliances - 53
Entertainment Equipment - 18
Laundry Appliances and Bathroom - 28
Pools, Hot Tubs and Saunas - 7
Heating & Cooling – 40
Lighting - 17
– Complimenting Energy Efficiency Behaviours with Onsite Generation - 7
– Options for House Construction and Retrofit - 24
– Additional Behaviours related to housing construction - 13
Designing effective interventions
1. Understand the behaviour you are trying to
change
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Make a “behavioural diagnosis”
2. Consider the full range of options open to you
3. Use a systematic method for selecting behaviour
change techniques
4. Evaluate interventions so it is possible to
accumulate evidence to inform future
interventions
An example of a cross-disciplinary resource
for behaviour change
• A Guide to:
– Understanding behaviour in
context as the starting point for
interventions
– Designing interventions to
change behaviour using a
systematic method
Start with understanding the behaviour in context
Intervening: Consider the full range of options
• Need a framework that is
– Comprehensive
• So you don’t miss options that might be effective
– Coherent
• So you can have a systematic method for intervention design
– Linked to a model of behaviour
• So that you can draw on behavioural science
Intervening: Consider the full range of options
• Need a framework that is
– Comprehensive
• So you don’t miss options that might be effective
– Coherent
• So you can have a systematic method for intervention design
– Linked to a model of behaviour
• So that you can draw on behavioural science
Do we have such a framework?
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Systematic literature review identified 19 frameworks
of behaviour change interventions
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related to health, environment, culture change, social
marketing etc.
None met all these three criteria
So …. Developed a synthesis of the 19 frameworks
Michie et al (2011) The Behaviour Change
Wheel: a new method for characterising and
designing behaviour change interventions,
Implementation Science
Behaviour at the hub …. COM-B
Behaviour at the hub …. COM-B
Interventions
Interventions:
activities
designed to
change
behaviours
Policies
Intervention functions
Policies:
decisions
made by
authorities
concerning
interventions
Michie et al (2011) The Behaviour Change Wheel: a new method for characterising and
designing behaviour change interventions Implementation Science
For more information ...
UCL Centre for Behaviour Change
behaviourchange@ucl.ac.uk
www.ucl.ac.uk/behaviour-change
Richard Jackson
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Head of Environmental Sustainability at UCL
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Principal Sustainability Manager for London 2012
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Head of the Olympic Delivery Authority’s work on
Environment and Sustainability
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A lot of what we buy ends up as waste:
Better procurement
Buy better and waste less
WARPit is an online portal used at UCL where unwanted items
can be donated to someone else who needs them.
Use and Reuse
There are also student schemes like ‘junk in the trunk’.
Upcycle and
Recycle
Recover
Energy
from Waste
Dispose
Compost
3%
Energy
recovery
25%
At UCL we have 2 bins:
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Food
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Everything else
Recycle
72%
The ‘everything else’ is sent to an MRF to be sorted and recycled.
Issues
• Lack of space
• Cost of changing the system
• 204 buildings and increasing
• Not a clear set of standards
• Waste legislation
Sign and bin for recycling
Sign and bin for ‘general
waste’ (non-recyclable)
Corridor view
Staffed information desk on launch day
No comparator in
control site
Examples of bin contents
Recycling
General waste
Uncontaminated
No lost opportunities for recycling
Contaminated
Lost opportunities for recycling
• Using the COM-B model and Theoretical
Domains Framework model to develop the
question set
• Understand capabilities, opportunities and
motivations
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Knowledge levels not sufficient
Poor quality information
Not enough time to decide
General waste regarded as default option
Proximity – where no bin exists
• Design an optimal intervention with all the
stakeholders
• Use the APEASE methodology
• Affordability, Practicability, Effectiveness,
Acceptability, Side Effects, Equality
• Trial and roll out