Measuring Aviation System
Performance in China
Zhao Yifei
Civil Aviation University of China
yfzhao@cauc.edu.cn
Civil Aviation University of China

Air Traffic Operation Performance Analysis and
Optimization
——《2014 Flight Operation Efficiency White Paper》
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Aviation Safety Data Statistics and Analysis
http://www.air-safety.com/
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Air Traffic System Simulation and Tools Development
Controllers Education and Training
2015/2/18
2
ATM Research Institute
ATFM Research Platform
Integrated Control Simulator
2015/2/18
TWR
Radar
Non-Radar
3
Content
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1. Performance review in China
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2. Performance frameworks
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3. Measuring performance in China
2015/2/18
4
1. Performance review in China
1.1 Data Collection
D-1 day
Half year in
advance
D day
D Day
D+1 Day
15:00
Performance
Plan
ATM
Airline Airport
机位
Airline
Airport
Airline
Airport
Instructions
Demand
Demand
Capacity
Flight
Schedule
调整
ATM
On month
In advance
2015/2/18
Airline
Dispatch Plan
修改
机位
Next Day
Flight Plan
修改
FPL
指令（控制意图，
不修改今日动态）
Flight Track
Operation Day
Airline Airport
Flight Plan
Statistic
管制意图
调整
ATM
20:00
修改
ATM
ATC Clearance
管制意图
流量控制
Flow Control
Departure
修
改
动态 空管 ACA 电话
电报 雷达 RS
Landed
ATM
09:00
5
1. Performance review in China
1.2 Report to Headquarter
CAAC
Center ATMB
NE Regional NC Regional EC Regional
Branch
Branch
Branch
Provincial Aviation
Safety supervision
bureau
Local Airlines,…
2015/2/18
……
……
Regional
ATMB
Provincial/Local
ATMB Branch
……
……
Local Airports,…
6
1. Performance review in China
1.3 Public Reports
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Monthly Statistics
Monthly Analysis
Report
Yearly Report
Yearly Airport Report
《Statistic Data on
Aviation of China》
http://www.caac.gov.cn/
2015/2/18
7
1. Performance review in China
1.4 Internal Reports
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Monthly Briefing
Reports
Monthly Operation
Situation Analysis
Reports
Flight Delay Analysis
Special report
……
2015/2/18
8
1. Performance review in China
1.5 Internet/Intranet Resources
Globe Flight Schedule Management
System
www.sked.cn
Flight Punctuality Statistic System
www.flightontime.cn
Air Traffic Information Platform
https://pro.chinaatm.com.cn
2015/2/18
9
1. Performance review in China
1.6 Other Analysis
Focus on Flight Punctuality
Mainly used by Passengers
http://www.carnoc.com/
http://www.umetrip.com/
Airline Operation Analysis
2015/2/18
Airport Operation KPI
10
Content

1. Performance review in China

2. Performance frameworks
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3. Measuring performance in China
2015/2/18
11
2. Performance frameworks
2.1 CAAC Headquarter
• Air Transportation Turnover volume
• Passengers Transportation Volume
• Cargo Transportation Turnover Volume
• Passenger Load Factor
• Aircraft Utilization
• Number of accidents per million flight hours
• Flight Punctuality Rate
• Airport Movements
• ……
2015/2/18
12
2. Performance frameworks
2.2 Target Performance in 2015
Number of major accidents
per million flight hours
Flight Punctuality Rate
Load Factor
Fuel consumption per
ton-kilometer
Airport Movement
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2. Performance frameworks
2.3 Main Performance until 2013
ATC Facilities (2.95 Billion ,10.5% )
Investment
Number of Airline Aircrafts
2015/2/18
Number of major accidents
Flight Punctuality (average 72.3%)
14
2. Performance frameworks
2.4 Operation performance have been concerned
Especially Airports and Sectors’ Capacity
2015/2/18
15
2. Performance frameworks
2.5《Flight Operation Efficiency White Paper》
Traffic
Volume
 Annual movements
 Average day movements
 Area traffic volume
 Fix points day traffic
 Terminal area traffic
 Airport traffic
Efficiency
2015/2/18
 Flight distance
distribution
 Passenger Load Factor
 Aircraft Utilization
 Airport pairs transmit time
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Annual
Monthly
Airline
Airport departure
Departure delay
distribution
 In flight fuel
consumption
 Temporary airways
utilization
Punctuality
CostEfficiency
16
Content

1. Performance review in China
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2. Performance frameworks
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3. Measuring performance in China
2015/2/18
17
3. Measuring performance in China
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Main works
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2015/2/18
Standardization data resource
Indicators definition
Air-route Network evaluation
Calculated ATFM delay
Compare to others countries
Performance based analysis and improvement
……
18
3. Measuring performance in China
3.1 Standardization data resource
Current
Operation
Systems
2015/2/18
Centerlized Data
Verification
System
Standard
Performance
Database
Data Set I
• Flight Schedule/Plan Data
Data Set II
• Flow Control Data
Data Set III
• Flight Trajectory Data
Data Set IV
• Operation Performance Data
19
3. Measuring performance in China
3.2 Indicators definition
Traffic
Volume
Punctuality
CostEfficiency
Efficiency
Follow new Regulations, such as departure time replace by off-block time in punctuality
Increase new comparing indicators, such as volume/capacity, planned/actual, ……
Identify performance benchmarks, form different operation situations, different facilities
2015/2/18
20
3. Measuring performance in China
3.3 Air-route Network evaluation

Network connection degree
OD non-linear coefficient

Air-route/airway density

2015/2/18
21
3. Measuring performance in China
3.4 Calculated ATFM delay
ZBAA one day 流控次数与航班架次关系图
departure flow controls
30
100
90
25
80
70
20
40
15
35
50
30
40
10
5
50
30
25
40 延
误
航
30 班
数
/
20 架
20
10
20
0
15
7:30
8:00
8:30
9:00
9:30
10:00
10:30
11:00
11:30
12:00
12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00
14:30
15:00
15:30
16:00
16:30
17:00
17:30
18:00
18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00
20:30
21:00
21:30
22:00
22:30
23:00
23:30
0:00
0:30
1:00
0
平
均
延
误
时
间
/
分
钟
60
LADIX departure fix close and related flights delay
60
10
0
15:50
16:19
delay 1
2015/2/18
10
单位时间航班架次
5
16:48
delay 2
delay 3
17:16
delay 4
17:45
delay 5
18:14
delay 6
18:43
delay 7
0
19:12
delay 8
4
5
6
7
8
Can1 we find2methods3to calculate
delay?
Or Identify
benchmarks?
22
3. Measuring performance in China
3.5 Compare to others countries
Route Segment traffic volume
Flight distance
Efficiency, Cost-Benefit, ……
2015/2/18
23
3. Measuring performance in China
3.6 Performance based analysis and improvement
Beijing Capital Airport Diverting Analysis
50
40
月21日 到 达 流 量
7
正常情况下到达流量
35
45
30
桃仙
呼和浩特
40
25
15
Y
济南
烟台
青岛
郑州
轴
纬度
35
(架 次 /半 小 时 )
20
到达流量
石家庄
太原
北京
大 王天庄津
A461
30
10
25
5
0
20
108
0
5
10
15
20
110
112
114
25
116
X
118
120
轴 经度
122
时 间/小 时
2013.7.21 heavy rain in Beijing
Diverting Delay, Flight Distance, Time to issue diverting instructions, ……
124
126
2015/2/18
25