ITU workshop on
“Apportionment of revenues and international
Internet connectivity”
(Geneva, Switzerland, 23-24 January 2012)
Internet connectivity in Senegal
Aminata DRAME,
Wholesale Marketing Manager, Sonatel, Groupe
France Telecom
aminata.drame@orange-sonatel.com
Geneva, Switzerland, 23-24 January 2012
Contents
1.
Introduction
2.
National connectivity
3.
Rural connectivity
4.
International connectivity
5.
Internet
6.
Conclusions
7.
Outlook
1. Introduction
Since 1976, submarine cable systems have been used to
connect Senegal to the global network and give it
international connectivity.
Overland fibre-optic systems were first deployed in 1993.
This was reinforced by a national backbone renewed thanks
to a policy of sustained investment that enabled the
migration to land cables.
Landlocked countries in the subregion naturally found an
opportunity to connect and open themselves to the world
via the Dakar platform.
2. National connectivity
Fibre-optic terrestrial systems were first
deployed in 1993.
over 3500 km of fibre-optic cables laid
25 fibre-optic transmission loops covering the entire
national territory, in particular the 14 main towns of
Senegal.
The systems continue to be deployed, with
10 GB systems to be installed on all links by
2015.
National
Ross bethio
backbone
Richard toll
Podor
CENTRE LOOP
3 STM16(WDM)
Dioum
Dagana
CENTRE-NORTH
LOOP 1 STM16
Haere Lao
St-louis
NORTH LOOP 3
STM16
Thilogne
Louga
OFGW
Dahra
Ourossogui
Linguere
Darou
khoudos
Touba
Mosquee
Thies Mux
Khombole
Dakar
Bakel
Mbacke
Diourbel
Thiès
FH
Semme
Bambey
Gossas
Kidira
Somone
Fatick
Saly
Kaolack
mux
Kaffrine
Koungueul
Mbour
Koumpentoum
Kaolack
FH
Goudiri
Tambacounda
Bala
Keur Ayib
Banjul
SOUTH LOOP
2 STM16
Ainou Mady
Digante
velingara
Bignona
Kédougou
Tanaff
Zig MUX
Zig FH
Kolda
Tamba Kedougou RADIO
RELAY NETWORK
4 STM1
3. Rural connectivity
One of the objectives of the Senegalese Government’s sector policy
is to connect the country’s 14,275 villages to the telephone network
before 2010.
Sonatel, Senegal’s incumbent operator, undertook to connect the
14,275 villages by using wireless technologies such as CDMA, GSM
and VSAT.
The deployment of point-to-multipoint systems until 2004, fixed-line
to GSM (2005 - 2006), followed by CDMA, served to expand the
range more rapidly while significantly reducing access costs.
CDMA 450 MHz low frequency hence very large range appropriate
for low-traffic areas
Today 95% of villages with more than 500 inhabitants are covered.
3. Rural connectivity
Self-financed rural investments between 1997 and
late October 2008 totalled 44 billion CFAF, or
88 million USD, by the end of October 2008
(Connect Africa commitment).
Those investments gave people access to basic
services: fixed and mobile telephony, the Internet.
4. International connectivity: from analogue
submarine systems …
Sonatel and its predecessors started to promote and develop
submarine cable networks in 1976.
A stake was acquired in several analogue cables around the
world, 3 of which make landfall in Dakar:
Antinéa, brought into use in 1977, connecting Senegal to
Morocco, capacity 5 MHz (640 circuits);
Fraternité, brought into use in 1978, connecting Senegal to Côte
d’Ivoire, capacity 5 MHz (480 circuits);
Antlantis1, brought into use in 1982, connecting Senegal to
Brazil with a capacity of 14 MHz (1,380 circuits) and Senegal to
Portugal with a capacity of 25 MHz (2,580 circuits).
… to fibre-optic submarine systems
Atlantis 2 (ATL2): brought into service in February 2000, connecting Portugal,
Spain, Cape Verde, Brazil and Argentina, capacity 20 Gbit/s
SAT-3/WASC/SAFE (S3WS): brought into service in April 2002, connecting
Europe, Africa and Asia, capacity 380 Gbit/s
Africa Coast to Europe (ACE): 17,000 km long, connecting 19 countries (16 of
them African) – being implemented, to be operational in second half 2012,
capacity 5.2 Tbits/s
4. International connectivity:
subregional terrestrial connectivity
Development
of
the
national
backbone
and
terrestrial
extensions to promote access by landlocked countries to the
global submarine network. This partnership enabled Gambia,
Mali, Mauritania and Guinea Bissau to increase their respective
bandwidths.
The 2.5 Gbits/s optical fibre ground wire (OFGW) linking Senegal to
Mauritania and Mali extended to Burkina Faso and Côte d’Ivoire
The 2.5 Gbit/s Kidira - Bamako optical fibre also extended to Burkina Faso
and Côte d’Ivoire
A 622 Mbit/s terrestrial fibre-optic link and a 155 Mbits/s digital radiorelay system linking Senegal to Gambia
A 622 Mbits/s fibre-optic link with Guinea Bissau coupled with a
34 Mbits/s digital radio-relay system extended to Guinea Conakry
4. International connectivity
Sonatel’s main national routes
for subregional
interconnectivity
North axes 1&2
2012
2011
NorthNord
Axe
axis
7,5Gbits/s
17.5
Gbits/s
Dakar
South
Axe
Sud
axis
5 Gbits/s
15
Gbits/s
South axis 2
South axis 1
4. International connectivity
CTOA continues to work to interconnect by means of at least two fibre-optic land
links of at least 2.5 GB
Burkina
Faso
Mauritania
Mauritania
Mauritania
Mauritania
Burkina
extension
Senegal
Côte d’Ivoire
extension
Mauritania
Mali
Côte d’Ivoire
extension
Gambia
Guinea Bissau
Guinea Conakry
Fibre-optic link
Digital radio-relay link
Côte d’Ivoire
5. Internet: high speed nationwide
Steadily increasing 9,014 Gbits/s
Internet bandwidth
CDMA 1x: national coverage
EVDO: coverage of all regional
capitals and over 95% of
departmental capitals
ADSL: 95% of distribution frames
covered
Services available:
Internet access via ADSL, ADSL2+,
VDSL2, with speeds of 512K to
10 Mbit/s
Internet rented links (64 Kbits/s to
1 Gbits/s)
MPLS VPN
IP TV with about 100 channels
VoD with a catalogue of about
300 films
en Mbits/s
Increase inDébit
Internet
bandwidth
between 1999 and 2011
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1997
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
High-speed coverage
13
5.Internet: a subregional hub
STM4
STM1
Lien LAN
France Telecom
Teleglobe
DECEMBRE 2009
EXPRESSO
SONATEL
ONATEL2
Medina19
Medina10
GAMTEL1
BISSAU1
SWITCH 2
SWITCH 1
34
Mb
Routeur
Router
ps
BAS
GAMTEL2
Mb
34
10Mbps
GAMTEL3
34Mbps
Medina16
MEDINA 1BIS
34
SOTELMA
bps
s
34M
bp
s
4M
Medina2bis
ps
bp
Medina13
Mb
M
16
Medina23
ORANGE MALI 2
GUINEE
TELECOM
ps
BISSAU2
CONAKRY
ORANGE MALI 1
Internet transit provided to 9 subregional operators
6. Conclusions
Senegal has secure international connectivity thanks to the Atlantis 2 and SAT3/WASC/SAFE submarine cable systems, which will be reinforced by ACE in
the second half of 2012.
The
connections
to
those
systems
provide
Internet
bandwidth
of
9,014 Gbits/s. This will grow in response to the needs of businesses, Internet
access providers, value-added service operators, cybercentres, call centres,
etc.
The countries bordering on Senegal (Mali, Mauritania, Guinea, Guinea Bissau,
Gambia, Burkina Faso) are connected to the global submarine cable network
and the international Internet backbone through the Sonatel hub via a secure,
nationwide fibre-optic transmission network.
Sustained investment in submarine cables and in transmission and high-speed
access networks fosters the development of Internet-related broadband
services (ADSL, TV on ADSL, IP/MLS, video telephony on ADSL).
7. Outlook
Senegal, like the other countries of Africa, continues to pay (a great deal!)
for its Internet bandwidth because of lack of content of interest to others.
In addition to network investment, operators could consider initiatives to
lower the high cost of Internet access for their customers:
Development of local content
Introduction of cache and CDN (Content Delivery Network) solutions
to host the most popular content on our networks and thus optimize
the use of Internet bandwidth
Installation of Root.com/.net servers, for example to meet DNS
requests without using Internet links
Establishment of subregional data centres for content-related services
(TV, VoD, etc.), content hosting, cloud computing
Last but not least, secure Internet access