University of North Dakota | Journals > Collections Store Physician Jobs About Mobile Manish Rami | Your Account Advanced Search Search Pediatrics Home Current Issue All Issues Online First Collections CME Search The JAMA Network Multimedia Quizzes For Authors Subscribe Online First > Original Investigation | December 23, 2015 Association of the Type of Toy Used During Play With the Quantity and Quality of Parent­Infant Communication ONLINE FIRST PDF Email Get Citation Get Permissions Get Alerts Submit a Letter Submit a Comment Slideset (.ppt) Anna V. Sosa, PhD1 [+] Author Affiliations JAMA Pediatr. Published online December 23, 2015. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.3753 Text Size: A A Print 903 0 Views Citations A View Metrics Article Figures Tables References Comments (1) Related Content Submit a Comment An extension to Sosa, 2015: A report of effect sizes Posted on December 29, 2015 Manish K. Rami Customize your page view by dragging & repositioning the boxes below. See Also... Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of North Dakota Conflict of Interest: None Declared This comment serves as an extension to the above investigation. For whatever reasons, the investigation does not provide any measure of magnitude of the effects of the different types of toys. Report of sizes of effects in experimental investigations has been recommended for years.1,2,3,4,5,6 Such reports aid prospective calculation of power in future studies.7 Lack of report of effect sizes in the discipline of speech­language pathology, however; is quite common.5 Using the sample size, confidence intervals, and the likelihood of .05 in the investigation, I calculated standard deviations from the relevant t distributions.8 These standard deviations were used to calculate the Glass’s Δ keeping the electronic toys as the basis of comparison.9 Glass’s Δ quantifies the advantage traditional toys and books have over electronic toys in standard deviation units. For example, a child’s vocalizations are one­half of one standard deviation more when parents used books as compared to electronic toys. A table showing the Glass’s Δ for traditional toys and books is provided below. I hope the readers find these values useful. Glass’s Δ for each of the outcome measure for traditional toys and books as compared to electronic toys. Outcome Measures;Traditional;Books Adult words:1.05;1.79 Content­specific words:1.34;3.08 Child vocalizations:0.44;0.53 Conversational turns:0.64; 0.82 Responses:0.70;0.78 REFERENCES 1. Cohen, JC. Statistical power analysis. Cur Dir Psy Sci. 1992b;1(3):98­101. 2. Cohen, JC. The Earth is round. Am Psy. 1994;49(12):997­1003. 3. Glass, GV. Primary, secondary, and meta­analysis of research. Ed Res. 1976;5(10):3­8. 4. Zumbo, BD, Hubley, AM. A note on misconceptions concerning prospective and retrospective power. The Statistician. 1998;47(2):385­388. 5. Rami, MK. Power and Effect Size Measures: A Census of articles published from 2009­2012 in the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Am Int J Soc Sci. 2014;3(4):13­19. 6. Keren G, Lewis, C eds. A handbook for data analysis in behavioral sciences: methodological issues. (pp.461­479). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1992. 7. Rosnow, R., Rosenthal, R. Statistical procedures and the justification of knowledge in psychological science. Am Psy. 1989;44(10):1276­1284. Editorial Keeping Children’s Attention: The Problem With Bells and Whistles JAMA Pediatr. Published online December 23, 2015.;():1­2. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.3877. Articles Related By Topic Filter By Topic > Keeping Children’s Attention: The Problem With Bells and Whistles JAMA Pediatr. Published online December 23, 2015.;():1­2. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.3877. Reading to Preschool Children JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169(11):1076. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.3277. [+] View More Related Collections Child Development Comparative Effectiveness Research Pediatrics PubMed Articles Disparities in early exposure to book sharing within immigrant families. Pediatrics 2014;134(1):e162­8. 8. Higgins JPT, Green S, eds. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane­handbook.org. 9. Hedges, LV, Olkin, I. Statistical methods for meta­analysis. Orlando: Academic Press; 1985. Literacy promotion: an essential component of primary care pediatric practice. Pediatrics 2014;134(2):404­9. View More Results provided by: Submit a Comment Jobs Physician – Office of School Health NYC Department of Education New York City, New York Seeking Urogynecologist for employed position in Augusta, GA! 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