AMUSE
Autonomic Management of Ubiquitous
Systems for e-Health
Prof. J. Sventek
University of Glasgow
joe@dcs.gla.ac.uk
In collaboration with M. Sloman, E. Lupu, and N.
Dulay of Imperial College London
22 April 2005
EPSRC e-Science Meeting 2005
1
The AMUSE Project
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Imperial College
University of Glasgow
Start date: February 2004
Duration: 36 Months
Funded by the EPSRC
under the e-Science
Programme
Emil Lupu
Morris Sloman
Joe Sventek
Naranker Dulay
Executive Summary
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Increasing complexity of distributed application systems
leads customers to desire automated management of
such systems.
Work at Agilent/Glasgow has yielded an architectural
pattern and an hierarchical architecture for closed-loop
management of distributed application systems.
Imperial has established itself as one of the premier
research groups for policy-based management.
AMUSE is focused on integrating these complementary
competencies to address automated management of eHealth applications
Policy-Based Management
Events
Monitor
Events
Manager
Agent
Managed
Objects
Control
actions
Decisions
Policies
New functionality
Policies
A Ubiquitous Control Loop
Master Control
PAN Control
Home Appliance
Control
Self-Managed Cell
Measurement
& Monitoring
Interaction
Adaptation
Service
Discovery
Raw
Measurements
Event Bus
Policy
Management
Goals and
policies
Measurement
and Control
Adapters
Context
Context
Information
Managed Resources
Other
Layered and Federated SMCs
…
Measurement
& Monitoring
Interaction
Adaptation
Layered SMCs:
application / services /
network
Peer SMCs (peer devices,
peer networks, SLAs…)
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Service
Discovery
Raw
Measurements
Event Bus
Policy
Management
Goals and
policies
Measurement
and Control
Adapters
Context
Other
Context
Information
Managed Resources
Measurement
& Monitoring
Interaction
Adaptation
Measurement
& Monitoring
Service
Discovery
Raw
Measurements
Goals and
policies
Service
Discovery
Raw
Measurements
Event Bus
Policy
Management
Interaction
Adaptation
Measurement
and Control
Adapters
Context
Context
Information
Managed Resources
…
Event Bus
Other
Policy
Management
Goals and
policies
Measurement
and Control
Adapters
Context
Context
Information
Managed Resources
Other
SMC Composition
Measurement
& Monitoring
Service
Discovery
Interaction
Adaptation
Event Bus
The enclosing
SMC programs
the nested
SMCs
Policy
Management
Measurement &
Monitoring
Service
Discovery
Measurement and
Control Adapters
Interaction
Adaptation
Interaction
Adaptation
Measurement and
Control Adapters
Managed Resources
Service
Discovery
Measurement &
Monitoring
Event Bus
Event Bus
Policy
Management
Other
Context
Context
Policy
Management
Measurement and
Control Adapters
Managed Resources
Context
SMC Interactions
Layered - Network SMCs interact with application
SMCs, the SMC controlling a heart rate monitor
reports to a diagnostic management device, …
Federated, Peer-to-peer – SMCs for peer devices
interact with each other.
SMC Composition – Need to be able to compose
SMCs into larger structures e.g., home patient
monitoring SMCs “program” individual device
SMCs
Architectural Assumptions
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Event bus is publish/subscribe using a router
The router is content-based
We may need to consider different classes of
delivery attributes for events
A discovery/membership service is concerned
with keeping track of which devices and services
are “in” a self-managed cell
each device as a unique identifier (e.g. 802.*
MAC address of one of the communication
interfaces)
At-most-once, persistent event delivery
purge ‘subscriber’
Publisher
filter
Router
Subscriber
S
S
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S
No session establishment for Publisher
Subscriber must register ‘filter’ and callback
Push of event from Publisher to Router (and Router to Subscriber) is
synchronous – i.e. exception condition is returned to sender if
unsuccessful
Router attempts to deliver a message until it knows that a Subscriber is
no longer a member of the SMC
When purge event received, removes ‘filter’ and any queued messages
associated with that Subscriber
Each Subscriber is guaranteed to receive all messages from a particular
publisher in the same order as received by the Router
At-most-once, persistent, quenchable event
delivery
purge ‘subscriber’ or ‘publisher’
Publisher
Ev type
P
P
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Subscriber
S
S
Publisher must register ‘Ev type’ and callback
Subscriber must register ‘filter’ and callback
Push of event from Publisher to Router (and Router to Subscriber) is
synchronous – i.e. exception condition is returned to sender if unsuccessful
Router attempts to deliver a message until it knows that a Subscriber is no
longer a member of the SMC
When purge event received
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S
Router
filter
If for a subscriber, removes ‘filter’ and any queued messages associated with that
Subscriber
If for a publisher, removes ‘Ev type’
Each Subscriber is guaranteed to receive all messages from a particular
publisher in the same order as received by the Router
Quench/unquench messages sent to Publisher if the number of subscribers
matching event type is zero/non-zero.
How to incorporate a mote into this
structure?
Mote
Proxy
S
S
Proxy
S
S
Mote
Authentication
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performed SMC wide (device/service is a
member of the SMC)
what about integrity/confidentiality
access control – component-specific, done
through policies
Discovery/Membership
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Detect new devices within communication range
Vette device for membership
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Generate new cell member event
Determine when device leaves cell
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obtain device profile
perform any required authentication
Generate cell member left event
Discovery protocol does NOT use the event system;
discovery service uses event service to announce
member added/removed
Discovery protocol
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Cell is centred around event bus router
Device that contains router broadcasts its identity message at
frequency wR (the identity message has the form “id; type[;
extra]”)
Other devices respond to router identity message with unicast
device identity message
Router device and other device carry on vetting protocol
(obtain profile[; authenticate])
After other device knows that it has been granted membership,
it unicasts its identity message at frequency wD
If router device misses nD successive device identity
messages, it declares the device to have forfeited its
membership in the cell
If the other device misses nR successive router device identity
messages, it inferds that it is no longer a member of that cell
Must think through ramifications of wR ≠ wD and nD ≠ nR
Communication primitives required
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Event bus is only used for communications
between cell management elements
Basic communication primitives are required to
implement the event bus communications,
required protocols, and general communication
between application components
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broadcast, asynchronous messaging
unicast, asynchronous messaging
remote method invocation
What about services?
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Devices are discovered by the discovery service.
When a device becomes part of the cell, it
generates events announcing active services that
it provides/hosts
While a member of the cell, each device
generates an event whenever another service
that it provides/hosts becomes active or if such a
service is deactivated
Where do the new device/service events go?
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The system must be primed with obligation policies that
listen for these events
Upon receipt of one of these events, the action enters the
device/service into appropriate domain[s]
A particular obligation policy will be interested only in
particular types of devices or services; new device/service
event may trigger several such obligation policies
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if can specify event type and filter expression upon subscription,
then only the particular obligation policy that is interested in that
particular device/service type will be notified
if cannot specify filter expression to event bus, than all such
policies will be invoked; only those for which the condition is true
will perform actions