Green data centers Paolo Gemma / Yong-Woon KIM 1 -1- Contents Ⅰ Problem statements Ⅱ Best practices for green data centers III WP3/5 related activities 2 -2- I Problem statements 3 -3- Roles of data centers Servers … • e-Government DC • public service … Storage Security Internet • banking … … Network Infra Portal … Game Telecom • Broadband • IPTV .Energy . . • Smart Grid Data center works as a Hub and information resources are being concentrated on the data center. -4- Views of data center UPS Server farms Ventilation KT Batteries -5- Data centers and power consumption Expansion of data centers in Korea World data center power consumption 73 data centers (36 providers) 1,120 GWh Power consumption: CAGR 45% 730 GWh 2 times per 5 years 530 GWh • Equal to energy consumption of all households of 1.1 million population of a city (1,260 GWh) • 2% of world power consumption, equal to energy consumption of world air flights • 100 billion KWh estimated in 2011 (equal to that of Paris for 16 years) -6- Status of data centers in the world and Korea 2,500 in 74 countries Public sector (9) Economy sector (9) Private sector (25) Service providers (30) 73 data centers in Korea -7- Critical issues in DC: cooling and power consumption • Space shortage in DC estimated due to fast increasing servers and storages • Cost of power and cooling will be increased in 4 years by 47%. It will take 71% of installation cost of new servers. Spending (US$B) $300 $250 Installed Base (M Units) Power and cooling costs x8 Server mgmt and admin costs x4 New server spending $200 Heat load per space for H/W 50 45 40 35 30 $150 25 20 $100 $50 15 10 5 $0 SOURCE: IDC, ‘Worldwide Server Power and Cooling Expense 2006-2010,’ Document #203598, Sept. 2006 0 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air conditioning Engineers committee 8 -8- Energy efficiency improvement in data centers Cumulative Cost of Operations ($Millions) $250 $200 $150 Case study : 1,851 m2 data center in US Energy Cost Staffing Bldg. Maint. & Mgmt. R E Tax Green DC (PUE=1.5) Cumulative cost of data center operations 75% of operation cost related to power consumption $100 Green data center: 35% of cost savings compared to existing and non-green data center $50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Year Source: IBM Estimates for $50M data center 9 -9- Energy efficiency is a critical issue at data centers “60% of total establishment cost of data center is caused by energyrelevant facilities.” Cost of ventilation-relevant facilities Contingency 9% Raised Floor Cooling 28% Ventilation facilities, 20% General Contractor Fee 8% Building maintenance 4% Cooling Plant 72% Cost of power-relevant facilities Architect / Engineer 5% UPS 27% Power facilities, 36% Commissioning 2% Fit-Up Costs 9% Generator 45% Shell 7% Power Distribution 28% Total cost of data center establishment * Source: IBM engineering estimates, 2008 10 -10- What are future issues which will be raised in 2 years? Survey result for data center experts Source: Bathwick Energy Efficiency Benchmark Tool 11 -11- II Best practices for green data centers 12 -12- Keywords of Green Data center Energy efficiency Modularity & Scalability Ecology and Sustainability 13 -13- How to make Green Data Center 1. Downsize, Reuse and Recycle 2. Avoid over-specification for equipment 3. Minimize energy consumption 4. Consider energy efficiency in building design 5. Use integration and virtualization Source: HP Green Datacenter service/solution 14 -14- Green Datacenter Transformation Virtualisation/ Utility Compute Pool Storage Pool Network Pool Standardisation/ Automation Consolidation Application Rationalization Source: HP Green Datacenter service/solution 15 -15- Best practices for green data centers Building Avoidance of energy leakage by radiation protection Installation of no windows in certain areas Virtualization Power Energy diagnosis and estimation High efficient UPS Design of scalable UPS load Space savings by use of DC Use of high efficient lightings Storage integration Management Individual control of lightings Management of peak power Real-time PUE management Hot spot management Sharing of physical resources via virtualization Downsize of installation space Integration of storages into a pool via virtualization and improvement of its utilization Cooling Relocation of equipment by fluid dynamics Inducement of cold air in winter season Management of hot spots via analysis of power consumption and usage patterns 16 -16- Energy savings effect Best practices Savings Description Virtualize servers 10 - 40% Consolidation of applications onto fewer servers, typically blade servers Right-size NCPI 10 - 30% Using a modular, scalable power and cooling architecture More efficient air conditioner architecture 7 – 15% Row-oriented cooling and shorter air paths Economizer modes of air conditioners 4 – 15% Choosing economizer options-offered air conditioners More efficient floor layout 5 – 12% hot-aisle / cold-aisle arrangement with suitable air conditioner locations More efficient power equipment 4 – 10% Best-in-class UPS, & light load efficiency rather than full load efficiency 0 – 10% One air conditioner may actually heat while another cools; and One may dehumidify while another humidifies. Coordinate air conditioners NCPI: network-critical physical infrastructure (1) APC White paper #114 “ Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers”, 2006 17 -17- Energy efficiency improvement for ICT equipment Prospective elements of ICT equipment to improve energy efficiency are CPU, power supply, cooling fan, storage, etc. Elements Guidance Ÿ Use High performance CPU CPU Ÿ Minimize power consumption during idle time (AMD’s PowerNoW!, Intel’s SpeedStep, and IBM’s EnergyScale) Ÿ Change cooling method (use water cooling, and use copper plate rather than steel plate) Ÿ Use multi-core CPU Power supply Ÿ Use energy efficient power supply Ÿ Use variable-speed cooling fan according to heat of server Cooling fan Ÿ Use small number of big cooling fan rather than large number of small cooling fan Ÿ Change internal configuration to improve cooling effects Ÿ Use external disks rather than internal disks Storage Ÿ Use SSD-like memory disks Ÿ Use high capacity and low power disks like SATA 18 -18- III WP3/5 related activities 19 -19- ITU-T SG5 Activities on data center • WP3/5 planned a series of recommendations to cover data centers impact. – L.DC Data Center best practices – L.metrinfra Metrics for infrastructure and data cen ter – L.measinfra Measurement method for infrastructur e and Data Center 20 -20- L.DC Data Center best practices This Recomendation will contains requirements for data center realization as selection of equipment, cooling, powering, and some suggetion to relaize and conduct a data center with reduced impact. 21 -21- L.metrinfra Metrics for infrastructure an d data center Recomendation that will contains definition of metrics for data center and telecom infrastructure 22 -22- L.measinfra Measurement method for in frastructure and Data Center Recomendation that will establish measurement methods for the power/energy consumption of Data center and telelecom Infrastructure 23 -23- THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! 24 -24-