Americas Region WTSA-08 preparatory meeting
Brasilia, Brazil, 21-22 May 2008
The ITU-T:
“Bridging the
Standardization Gap”
Paolo ROSA
Head, Workshops and
Promotion Division,
ITU - Telecommunication
Standardization Bureau
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
PP-06 Resolution 123
(Antalya, 2006)
Recognizes:
"the continued shortage of human resources in the
standardization field in developing countries,
resulting in a low level of developing-country
participation in meetings of ITU-T and of ITU-R
and, consequently, in the standards-making
process, leading to difficulties when interpreting
ITU-T and ITU-R Recommendations;"
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
WTSA to Bridging the
standardization gap
•Resolution 44 WTSA-04 Bridging the
standardization gap:
•Programme
•Programme
•Programme
•Programme
•Programme
1
2
3
4
5
- Strengthening Standard-making capabilities
- Assist BDT for standards application
- Human resources building
– Flashing Groups
– Fundraising bridging standardization gap
•Resolution 54 WTSA-04: Regional Groups
•support for the creation of regional groups in Study Groups,
in addition to those already existing in Study Group 3, to
cooperate with relevant regional organizations
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Three dimensions
Any TIME connection
• On the move
• Outdoors and
indoors
• On the move
• Night
• Outdoors
•Daytime
• Indoors (away from the PC)
• At the PC
Any WHERE connection
Source: ITU, Adapted from NRI (Japan)
• Between PCs
• Human to Human (H2H), not using a PC
• Human to Thing (H2T), using generic equipment
• Thing to Thing (T2T)
Any THING connection
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
But: the digital divide
Originally: the difference between owners of computers
Today: social & economical impact as disparity in the access to ICT benefits
dis
Source: World Bank World Development Report
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
pa
rity
The digital divide by income group
dis
Source: ITU/UNCTAD/KADO Digital Opportunity Platform.
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
pa
rity
The concept of Opportunity Index (OI) to
measure the information society
Infodensity
ICT capital [telecommunication
network infrastructures (fixed,
mobile, internet) and of ICT,
including equipment (cables,
routers, etc),
dis
pa
rity
Info-use
Three indicators:
• Internet users every 100
inhabitants
• PC owners every 100
inhabitants
• Houses and TV sets proportion
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
World Summit on the
Information Society: targets
(by 2015 at latest)
a) to connect all villages with ICTs;
b) to connect all educational institutions;
c) to connect all scientific and research centres;
d) to connect all public libraries, museums and archives;
e) to connect all health centres and hospitals;
f) to connect local and central government departments;
g) to adapt all primary and secondary school curricula to meet the
challenges of the Information Society;
h) to ensure that all have access to television and radio services;
i) to encourage the development of content on the Internet;
j) to ensure that more than half the world’s inhabitants have access to
ICTs within their reach.
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
The Standardization Gap
•
The standardization development gap contributes to the persistence of
the wider digital divide in ICTs. One of the underlying causes of the digital
divide is unequal access to technology and the ability to use that
technology
•
Disparities in the ability of developing countries, to access, implement,
contribute to and influence international ICT standards, specifically
ITU Recommendations with respect developed countries
•
The digital divide measures disparities in access to ICTs, among
different regions (e.g., urban/rural) or between different groups within
society (e.g., by age, sex, race, income, etc)
•
Internationally, the digital divide is expressed in terms of the gap in
levels of ICT access among countries at different levels of economic and
social development.
•
PP-06 (Res. 123) and WTSA-04 Resolutions
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Steps to bridge
the Standardization Gap
•
Increase of participation of developing country representatives in the ITU-T
Standardization process
•
Free ITU-T Recommendations online
•
Assistance in establishing regional groups
•
ITU-D, ITU Regional Offices and ITU-T organizing common regional events
•
More ITU-T meetings and workshops in the Regions
•
Work on bridging the standardization gap through a series of regional
workshops: Mendoza, Argentina (2007), Kigali, Rwanda (2007), Brasilia (2008), Accra
(2008), Tashkent (2008), Damascus (2008), Hanoi (2008)
•
Academia initiatives
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
ITU-T: Bridging the standardization gap
Resolution 44 Bridging the standardization gap
•Programme 1 - Strengthening Standard-making capabilities
•Programme 2 - Assist BDT for standards application
•Programme 3 - Human resources building
•Programme 4 – Flashing Groups
• SG2 – Namimg, Numbering, and Addressing (NNA) domain (IPv6)
• SG12 – Flashing Group on QoS
•Programme 5 – Fundraising bridging standardization gap
Resolution 54
WTSA-04: Regional Groups
creation of regional groups in Study Groups, in addition to those already
existing in Study Group 2, 3 and 5 to cooperate with relevant regional
organizations:
–
–
SG 2 IPv6 Arab region
SG 3 Regional Tariff Groups
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Bridging the standardization gap
• ITU-T mandated to bridge the
standardization gap between developing
and developed countries.
• Action plan established:
•
•
•
•
•
Improve standards making capabilities
Develop guidelines
Consultancy
Human resources building
Fundraising?
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Free Recommendations
• From the beginning of 2007, ITU-T
Recommendations are available without
charge for a trial period.
• With only a small number of exceptions all
in-force ITU-T Recommendations are
available in PDF form via a simple mouse
click.
• www.itu.int/ITU-T/publications/recs.html
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Technology Watch
Objectives
• Facilitate development of timely market-oriented international
standards on specific topics
• Increase cooperation between research institutes, academia,
private sector, forums and consortia
• Align and harmonize the studies and research among different
standards developing organizations (SDOs), therefore avoiding
duplication of work
Terms of References
• to consider possible new standardization activities for ITU-T
gathering information from various sources (e.g. academia,
industry, research institutes SDOs, etc.);
• to evaluate the new possible standardization activities in
relation with studies performed by other SDOs;
• to report TSAG on new possible standardization activities.
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Tech Watch briefing reports
• Remote collaboration tools (March 2008)
• Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (February
2008)
• ICTs and Climate Change (December 2007)
• TelePresence: High performance videoconferencing (November 2007)
• Intelligent Transport Systems and CALM
(October 2007)
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Cooperation between
ITU-T and Universities
Given the knowledge that many new technologies find life in
the minds of the academic and research communities, ITU is
increasingly looking to attract more involvement from the
world’s universities and other academic institutions
Following the Consultation meeting held in January 2007 an
informal discussion group has been formed to discuss ways to
increase this cooperation with participation of ITU-T and
academia, which is open to all interested parties. To
participate in the discussion please join the mailing list by
sending a request to tsbuni@itu.int
(see http://itu.int/ITU-T/uni)
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Innovations in NGN – Future Network and Services
An ITU-T Kaleidoscope Event Technically
co-sponsored by IEEE Communications Society
0
2
2
Geneva 12-13 May 2008
s
n
e
i
Track 1: NGN architecture evolutionha
r
t
t the NGN
n
Track 2: Application and serviceseover
u
r
o
Track 3: Social, economic and o
policy issues
in the
c
m
8
:
ubiquitous societies
4
s
w
m
e
Awards
o
n
r
Awards
will be granted to selected
f
g
,
n
best papers, as judged by the
s
i
t
k an organizing and programme
a
e ip committee. Details will be
r
announced later.
B tic
r
a
http://itu.int/ITU-T/uni/kaleidoscope.
p
kaleidoscope@itu.int.
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
ITU-T Workshops
E ur ope
17%
Asi a &
P aci f i c
17%
Europe
0%
Pacific
Africa
8%
8%
8%
A me r i c a
8%
Ar ab
0%
Geneva
33%
Asia &
Arab Pacific
6% 6%
Europe
5%
Geneva
38%
Year 2007: 15
Asia &
Pacific
21%
A si a &
Africa
0%
Africa
11%
Geneva
52%
Am erica
11%
CIS Arab
0% 0%
Ar ab
Pacif ic
7%
7%
Eur op e
Af r ica
7%
7%
Am erica
11%
CIS
22%
Ge ne v a
Ame r i c a
33%
32%
CIS
7%
Year 2008: 21
Ar ab
A si a & P a c i f i c
5%
14 %
Eu r o p e
14 %
Af rica
10 %
Ame r i c a
10 %
Ge n e v a
37%
Am erica
27%
ArabCIS
0% 0%
Year 2006: 19
Year 2005: 18
Europe
17%
Africa
13%
Geneva
76%
Arab CIS
0% 0%
CI S
0%
Asia &
Pacific
20%
Europe
7%
Am erica
8%
Af r i ca
Ge ne v a
50%
Year 2004: 15
Year 2003:
14
Asia &
Year 2002: 12
CIS
10 %
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Coming ITU-T events
26-28 May 2008
ITU Regional Development Forum 2008: “Bridging the ICT Standardization Gap in
Developing Countries” for the Africa Region
Accra, Ghana
29-30 May 2008
The ITU Africa region WTSA-08 Preparatory Meeting
Accra, Ghana
10-11 June 2008
ITU Regional Development Forum 2008: "Bridging the ICT standardization gap in
developing countries" for CIS, CEE and Baltic States
Tashkent, Uzbekistan
12-13 June 2008
The ITU CIS region WTSA-08 Preparatory Meeting
Tashkent, Uzbekistan
17-18 June 2008
ITU Symposium 2 on ICTs and Climate Change
London
20-21 June 2008
ITU-T/IEEE workshop on the next generation optical access
Geneva, Switzerland
1 July 200
ITU Workshop: “ICT Standards and Intellectual Property Rights”
Geneva, Switzerland
20-22 July 2008
ITU Regional Development Forum 2008: "Bridging the ICT standardization gap in
developing countries" for the Arab Region
Damascus, Syria
25-29 Aug 2008
Workshop on speech and audio coding
Lausanne,
Switzerland
10-12 Sept 2008
Workshop on "From Speech to Audio: bandwidth extension, binaural perception"
Lannion, France
15-17 Sept 2008
ITU Regional Development Forum 2008: "Bridging the ICT standardization gap in
developing countries" for the Asia-Pacific Region
Hanoi, Vietnam
18-19 Sept 2008
The ITU Asia-Pacific region WTSA-08 Preparatory Meeting
Hanoi, Vietnam
18-19 Sept 2008
Advancing public-private partnerships for e-business standards
Geneva, Switzerland
22-26 Sept 2008
WSC - Standardization Community Management Course
Geneva, Switzerland
10 Oct 2008-10
Global Standardization Symposium
Johannesburg
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Technical Flyers
•
ITU-T Recommendation F.790 for
telecommunications accessibility guidelines for
the elderly and people with disabilities.
•
The ITU-T Recommendation F.790 provides
general guidelines for standardizing, planning,
developing, designing and distributing all forms
of telecommunications equipment and software
and associated telecommunications services, to
enhance their accessibility for older persons and
persons with permanent or temporary
disabilities, ensuring accessibility for people with
the widest possible range of abilities.
http://itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com16/accessibility
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
TSB Questionnaire to
developing countries on
Bridging the Standardization Gap
It will provide background information on
the relevance of ITU-T Recommendations
for developing countries and a useful tool
to develop strategies able to meet the
requirements of the PP-06 and WTSA-04
Resolutions.
TSB Circular 213 – 5 May 2008
to: tsbpromo@itu.int
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
The ITU-T Questionnaire
TSB Circular 213 of 5 May 2008
replies by 13 of June
• Familiarity with Recommendations published by ITU-T
• Relevance and usefulness of Recommendations to
Developing Countries
• Difficulties for implementation and suggestions to
increase participation by developing countries
• Regional standardization “block” meetings as a tool to
facilitate participation from the regions
• Seminars and Workshops in the regions
• The WTSA Resolutions relevant to developing countries:
contributions and proposal for improvement
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
TIES and ITU-T Members
distribution
ITU Member States and their TIES accounts, June 2007
100%
258
49
80%
ITU-T Sector Members and Associates, June 2007
100%
9
0
16
88
80%
2'064
60%
LDC
106
40%
20%
Developing
Developed
1'531
LDC
60%
Developing
40%
102
227
20%
36
0%
TIES Accounts
Member States
0%
Sector Members
Associates
Need for more participation
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Developed
Digital Divide
Standardization Gap
Participation Relationship
Standardization Gap
Digital Divide ~ -----------------------------Participation
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
The Standardization
Development Ladder
• Bridging the standardization development gap requires
a sequence of steps, depending on the level of:
– economic development
– local manufacturing capability
– local R&D capability
– previous engagement with ITU
• These steps can be conceptualised in terms of a
“Ladder of Standardization Development”
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
“Ladder of
development”
for ICT
Standards
Consequences for
socio-economic
development
ICT Standardization
Ladder
Helping to determine the
future standards-making
process
Making proposals to WTSA
on future study questions
and work programmes
Helping to determine
future ICT standards
Nominating representatives
as study group chairs, vicechairs. rapporteurs, focus
group chairs etc
Helping to shape future
ICT standards
Making contributions to
Study Groups and
related meetings
Learning by doing.
Possibilities for wider regional
and home country participation
Learning by doing.
Possibilities for “networking”
Hosting ITU-T events
and/or regional groups
(Res 54)
Indicators for
measuring the gap
Country of origin
for proposals on future study
questions
Statistics on breakdown of
Study Group officials
by country of
origin
Statistics on contributions
by country/member
of origin
Statistics on organization
and hosting of
workshops by country
Participation in Study
Groups and related
meetings
Study Group
participation statistics
Institutional membership
in the international community
helps promote globalization
and offset its negative aspects
Domestic ITU-T Sector
Member or Associates
Membership statistics
Capacity-building helps to
build a national human
resource base and a stock
of engineers
Domestic training and
capacity-building in use of
ITU Recommendations
Downloads and sales of
ITU Recommendations by
Universities and training
institutes. Translation into
local language
Domestic usage of ITU
Recommendations
Downloads and sales of
ITU Recommendations
by country of origin. Trends
over time
Use of international standards,
for instance in ICT procurement,
should help to reduce costs
and
promote
of use
WTSA-08
Preparatory
meeting,
Brasilia,
21-22
May ease
2008
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap
– Brasilia,
May
2008
ITU ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap – Brasilia, May 2008
Standardization
Development Ladder
(1)
Growing use of ITU Recs
• can be measured in terms of sales or
downloads of Recommendation
• should help to reduce costs and promote
inter-operability
Capacity-building
• to build a national resource base of
qualified engineers able to implement
Recommendations
• ITU centres of excellence
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
National training and
Capacity-building in use
ITU Recommendations
Growing use of ITU
Recommendations
Standardization
Development Ladder
Contributing to ITU-T SGs
“Contribution-driven”
philosophy: to enter into the
process and shaping future
standards
Entering proposals to WTSA
Determining ITU-T study
questions to drive the work of
the Study Groups.
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
(1)
Entering proposals at WTSA
on future study questions
and work programmes
Nominating representatives
as study group chairs, vice chairs. rapporteurs, focus
group chairs etc
Submit contributions at
Study Groups and
related meetings
Attracting ITU meetings
and/or regional groups
(Res 54)
Going to Study
Groups and related
meetings
ITU Sector and Associate
Membership
National training and
capacity-building in use of
ITU Recommendations
Growing use of ITU
Recommendations
Entering proposals
E
It’s all about
It’s
all
about
ENGAGING
climbing
the
with ITU and
Standardization
its
Development
membership,
Ladder
by getting
more involved
Nominating reps
N
G
Giving inputs
Attracting meetings
A
Going to meetings
G
Nominating representatives
as study group chairs, vice chairs. rapporteurs, focus
group chairs etc
Giving contributions at
Study Groups and
related meetings
Attracting ITU meetings
and/or regional groups
(Res 54)
Going to Study
Groups and related
meetings
IITU Membership
ITU Sector or Associate
Membership
National
Training
N
National training and
capacity-building in use of
ITU Recommendations
Growing Usage
G
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Entering proposals at WTSA
on future study questions
and work programmes
Growing usage of ITU
Recommendations
Obrigado
Muchas Gracias
Thank you
ITU
Committed to Connecting the World
Paolo ROSA
Head, Workshop and Promotion Division
ITU - Telecommunication Standardization Bureau
tsbpromo@itu.int
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Additional Slide
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
Your communications run
on ITU-T standards
3G Mobile Networks
Residential Services
Mobile Users Identification - E.212
Bearer independent call control – Q.1900 series
Mobile video calls – H.324/M
Video compression - H.263, H.264
Home Networking - G.9954, J.190
Triple Play - H.610, J.160 series
Cable television – J.87
Voice over IP - H.323
Multimedia QoS - G.1010
Next
Generation
Networks
Distribution Networks
Signalling System n°7- Q.700
Intelligent Networks –Q.1200
QoS - G.1000, E.800, Y.1541
IP gateways - H.248 series
Telephone numbers - E.164
ITU-T Standards
Inte
rne
t, te
leph
one
Fixed Access Network
, fax
, TV
xDSL - G.99x series
Optical access - G.984 & G.983 series
Copper & fibres installation – L-series
Cable modems- J.112, J.122
QoS - J.163
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
WSIS Actions and ITU
Action Line
С1. The role of public governance authorities and all
stakeholders in the promotion of ICTs for development
World Summit on Information Society,
Tunisia, 2005
С2. Information and communication infrastructure
C3. Access to information and knowledge
C4. Capacity building
C5. Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs
C6. Enabling environment
C7. ICT Applications
E-government
E-business
E-learning
E-health
E-employment
E-environment
E-agriculture
E-science
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Possible Moderators/Facilitators
ECOSOC/UN Regional Commissions/ITU
ITU
ITU/UNESCO
UNDP/UNESCO/ITU/
UNCTAD
ITU
ITU/UNDP/UN REGIONAL
COMMISSIONS/UNCTAD
UNDP/ITU
WTO/UNCTAD/ITU/UPU
UNESCO/ITU/UNIDO
WHO/ITU
ILO/ITU
WHO/WMO/UNEP/UN-Habitat/ITU/ICAO
FAO/ITU
UNESCO/ITU/UNCTAD
•
C8. Cultural diversity and identity, linguistic diversity and
local content
UNESCO
C9. Media
UNESCO
C10. Ethical dimensions of the Information Society
C11. International and regional cooperation
* PS: ITU is MODERATOR for Action Lines C2 and C5
And
FACILITATOR
for Actions
C1-C3-C4-C6-C7-C11
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
Preparatory
meeting,
Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
Forum
Bridging
Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
UNESCO/ECOSOC
UN REGIONAL COMMISSIONS/
UNDP/ITU/UNESCO/ECOSOC
ITU-T’s Focus Group Concept:
• Create forum-like entities as an “arms-length”
organization under ITU-T Study Group
• Work on a well-defined topic, scheduled for
completion at a specific time
• Goal: encourage participation of non-members /
members of other organizations (fora)
• Focus group has lots of freedom to establish its
own rules
– can keep own brand name and at the same time
benefit from ITU’s branding
– Non-ITU members can participate
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
ITU Centre of Excellence
5 Prog/ 5 Partners
Worldwide Networks
4 Prog./5 partners
OAS/CITEL
Telecom Policies
3 PROGRAMS
IDB
New Telecom Techniques
BELL
SOUTH
Regulatory Issues
IIT
ICT based Business
CTU
CoE AMS
R.O.Korea
Pakistan
Thailand
Malaysia
Iran
Technical Awareness
Regulatory Issues
Business Management
Rural connectivity
Spectrum management
CoE ASP
The ITU Centre
of Excellence
Network
CoE ARB
Tech.Awareness
Strategic Management
Policies & Reg. Issues
Technology Trends
Corporate Management Regulatory Issues
Internet Technologies Spectrum management
Spect Man & Sup.
Information Techn.
CIS
CEE
Branch
Branch
CoE EUR+CIS
5 Prog./2 partners
6 Prog./2 partners
Telecom Policies
Regulatory Issues
Business management
New Technologies
IP Awareness
Rural Connectivity
5 Prog./ ? Partners
To be
defined
ALCATEL
IIT
5 Prog./3 partners
Regulatory Issues
Business management
New Technologies
Spectrum Management
Rural Connectivity
CoE AFR-E
ITU ITU
WTSA-08
meeting, Brasilia,
21-22
May 2008
ForumPreparatory
Bridging Standardization
Gap
– Brasilia,
May 2008
CTO
Airtel
Regulatory Issues
Business management
New Technologies
Spectrum Management
Rural Connectivity
SFM
IIT
CoE AFR-F
IIT
E
o
C
a
c
i
Afr