Regional Development Forum 2008
“Bridging the Standardization Gap in Developing Countries”
Accra, Ghana, 26-28 May 2008
The East African Broadband
Infrastructure Network (EAC-BIN): a
Platform for Migration to NGN
Shem J. Ochuodho, MSc (Eng),
PhD, LLD (Hon)
Chairman, African Regional
Centre for Computing (ARCC)
Accra, Ghana, 26-28 May 2008
International
Telecommunication
Union
Outline of Presentation
Background
Situational Analysis
Regional Integration & Harmonization
Traffic Analysis & Forecasts
Proposed 4-Tier Strategy
International Switching
Regional/Cross-Border Connectivity
National Backbones
Rural & Local (Last-Mile) Access
Proposed Master Plan (EAC-BIN)
Implementation Framework – Incl. Financials
Individual Country Case Studies
Conclusions & Way Forward
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Background
Identified Constraints
Inadequate (Regional) Backbone Infrastructure
High Tariffs (vs Low Income Per Capitas)
Poor Rural Communications
Policy, Regulatory & Legal Divergence
Institutional challenges (esp. at regional level)
Some Suggested Interventions
Analysis of Traffic Patterns
Analysis of On-going & Planned Initiatives
Develop Master Plan to improve connectivity
ITU/EAC Study
Methodology
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Situational Analysis
Liberalization has led to remarkable
growth esp. in mobiles; at 25% teledensity, more remains to be done
Need for Broadband connectivity
recognized
Several segments already upgraded
to fibre
Metropolitan Fibre Networks in all
Capitals & Some Major Cities
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Situational Analysis (cont’d)
Emergence & Rapid growth of
Broadband wireless access
technologies
Interconnection & Cross-border
communication still a challenge
Costly satellite systems still major
means for international and in some
cases cross-border connectivity
Some terrestrial cross-border links
are fibre grade, others microwave
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Situational Analysis (cont’d)
Rural connectivity still inadequate
Several initiatives to address broadband
connectivity at multi-levels
Legacy Networks being replaced by
IP/MPLS Networks
On-going efforts to harmonize policies,
regulations & legislations
On-going efforts to rationalize deployment
of e-Applications (e-Gov)
Need for human & institutional capacity
enhancement
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Some Major Broadband Infrastructure
Initiatives
EASSy
NEPAD-NBIN
EABs
TEAMS
SEACOM
FLAG/KDN
EAC Carrier Project/
EAC-BIN
Lake Victoria
Maritime
Communication
Project
RCIP
Accra, Ghana, 26-28 May 2008
RICTSP
EA Digital
Transmission Project
(discontinued)
Alternative
Infrastructures by
Utilities
Several Wireless
Broadband Initiatives
Other Regional Efforts
-Connect
Africa
-Pan-African e-Network
-RASCOM
-COMTEL
-SRII
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Policy & Regulatory Profile
All (5) Countries but 1 have National
ICT Policies
Draft Harmonized Regional Policy
Efforts on-going to Harmonize
Regulations
National e-Legislations under
consideration
EALA in Existence and Active
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Traffic Analysis & Forecasts
Introduction
Net Forecasts (Voice & Data)
Combined Voice & Data Projections
Int’l Inbound & Outbound Traffic
Estimated Grey Markets
Served & Un-served demand
Int’l Voice Traffic & Compression
Int’l Gateway Traffic Forecasts
Cross-border Traffic & Capacity
Considerations
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EAC Net Forecasts (Mbps) (1995-2012)
2,500.00
2,000.00
Uganda
1,500.00
Tanzania
Rwanda
Kenya
1,000.00
Burundi
500.00
Accra, Ghana, 26-28 May 2008
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
-
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Voice Traffic Forecasts btw Tz/Ke
(Million Minutes)
Year
200
4
200
5
200
6
200
7
200
8
200
9
201
0
201
1
201
2
Traffic
(Mill.
Mins)
40
44
48
53
58
64
76
90
108
VAS
20
22
26
34
48
71
107
160
241
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
TV Txn
34Mbps
Est. Voice Traffic
2012
Accra, Ghana, 26-28 May 2008
350
M/Mins
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Proposed 4-Tier Arrangement
International Gateways
Regional/Cross-Border Connectivity
National Backbones
Rural & Local (Last-Mile) Access
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Proposed ‘Master Plan’
Proposed 4-Tier Strategy
International Links
Regional/Cross-Border Connectivity
National Backbones
Rural & Local (Last-Mile) Access
For Each Tier, Strategies for:Short-Term (up to 2 years)
Medium-Term (2-5 years)
Long-Term (5-10 years)
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Proposed ‘Master Plan’
(Envisaged EAC Regional Broadband Backbone Network - Short-to-Medium Term)
Optical Fiber Network
in EAC
Arua
Gulu
Moroto
Wajir
Mbale
Fort Portal
Bombo
Kampala
Kakamega
Jinja
Kisumu
Nakuru
Masaka
Nyeri
Mbarara
Embu
Nairobi
Bukoba
Musoma
RuhengeriByumba
Gisenyi
Kigali
Kibuye
Gitarama Kibungo
Cyangugu
Butare
Gikongoro
KayanzaNgozi Muyinga
Bubanza
Mwanza
Bujumbura
Muramvya
Arusha
Ruyigi
Gitega
Moshi
Shinyanga
Bururi
Rutana
Makamba
Mombasa
Singida
Kigoma
Tabora
Wete
Tanga
Mkoani
Mkokotoni
ZanzibarKoani
Dodoma
Morogoro
Dar es Salaam
Kibaha
East African Community Cities
National Capital
Iringa
Sumbawanga
Provincial Capital
Mbeya
Lindi
Mtwara
Songea
0
85
170
340
Kilometers
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Alternative Utilities Infrastructure
(Sample)
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Implementation Framework
Policy ‘Environment’
Human Resource & Expertise
Infrastructure & Hardware
Resources
Content & e-Applications
Finance & Business Models
Partnerships
Optimization & Standardization
The Missing Link
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Proposed Institutional Framework
Short Term (up to 2 yrs)
SPV Company
Strengthened ICT Unit @ Secretariat
Permanent EARPTO Secretariat
Formal & Legal Mandate for EARPTO
Medium Term (2-5 yrs)
SPV Company
ICT Directorate within EAC Secretariat
Common Regulatory Authority
EA Professional ICT Association
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Proposed Institutional Framework
Medium Term (cont’d)
Multi-Stakeholder ICT Organization
Long Term (Over 5 yrs)
Full-fledged Carrier Company
Functional Multi-Stakeholder ICT
Organization
Common Regulatory Authority
Escalated Regional Integration
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Financial & Economic Analysis
Estimated Project Cost
Scenario 1 (All Microwave) – US$ 7/10m
Scenario 2 (All Fiber) – US$ 52m
Scenario 3 (Mixture) – US$ 39/42m
Viability Calculations
Revenue & Expenditure Estimations
Financial Viability
Sensitivity Analysis
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Individual Country Approaches
Burundi
Kenya
Rwanda
Uganda
Tanzania
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Tanzania – Efforts Towards NGN
(Source: TCRA)
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Conclusions & Way Forward
Resource
Mobilization &
Possible Financing
Resource Sharing
Regulatory,
Legislative &
Institutional Reforms
Spectrum Utilization
& Management
Open Access
Principals
Accra, Ghana, 26-28 May 2008
Broadcasting &
‘Other’ ICT Services
Rwanda & Burundi
EAC/ADB/ITU – EACBIN
Seeking
Concurrence of
Major Potential
Stakeholders (esp.
Telcos)
Conclusion
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