CDMA / EVDO/ LTE
Interoperability and migration
plans
B.V.Raman
CDMA Development Group
bvraman@cdg.org
Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7-10 April 2009
Key Messages
•CDMA and OFDM are different technologies with
different capabilities
• CDMA2000® offers high-performance mobile broadband
and voice services today and will continue to be enhanced
to provide greater broadband speeds and voice capacity
• OFDM leverages wider-bandwidths up to 20 MHz to
provide greater speed and capacity
•OFDM-based backhaul, broadcast and broadband
networks will complement CDMA2000
• Augmenting CDMA2000 in high-tele density areas and
leveraging CDMA2000’s ubiquitous coverage with
multimode devices to provide seamless continuity of
services
Notes: 1. OFDM is the air interface used by WLAN, mobile broadcast and next-generation mobile broadband
technologies (LTE, etc.)
2
2. 4G will be defined by the ITU-R as a result of the IMT.Advanced standardization effort.
www.cdg.org
Key Messages (Contd…)
•Global mass market adoption timing of
wider-bandwidth OFDM-based
solutions will vary from Market to
Market
•Wider-bandwidth spectrum availability will drive
OFDM-based network deployments
•Mass market adoption of OFDM-based solutions
will depend on ubiquitous coverage, low-cost
handset availability, VoIP replacing circuit-switch
voice services and roaming
Notes: 1. OFDM is the air interface used by WLAN, mobile broadcast and next-generation mobile broadband
technologies (LTE, etc.)
2
2. 4G will be defined by the ITU-R as a result of the IMT.Advanced standardization effort.
www.cdg.org
Key Messages (Contd…)
•Meanwhile, EV-DO offers substantial longterm industry value by remaining the core
technology driving most operators’ ARPU
well into the next decade
•CDMA2000 operators will be among the first
enabled to augment their networks with by
wider-bandwidth OFDM-based solutions
• CDMA2000 WorldModeTM devices will enable this
competitive advantage
• CDMA2000 networks will be interoperable with OFDMbased radio technologies
• No need to deploy GSM or UMTS to obtain this advantage
Notes: 1. OFDM is the air interface used by WLAN, mobile broadcast and next-generation mobile broadband
technologies (LTE, etc.)
2
2. 4G will be defined by the ITU-R as a result of the IMT.Advanced standardization effort.
www.cdg.org
CDMA and OFDM-based Technologies
CDMA and OFDM are different technologies with different capabilities
Wide bandwidth OFDM-based networks
will complement 3G broadband networks
for Broadband
Backhaul
WiMAX
(802.16d)
2
Broadcast
MFLO
DVB-H
ISDB-T
T-DMB
S-DMB
Additional
Broadband
Capacity
LTE
Mobile WiMAX
(802.16e/m)
Wi-Fi (802.11n)
OFDM leverages wider-bandwidths up to 20 MHz
www.cdg.org
Next Generation Broadband Business
Case
3G is generating the demand and proving the business case for Next-G
Broadcast Fixed Broadband
Mobile
HDTV*
Access
Broadband
Business
Consumer
Applications** Electronics
Ultra Mobile Push-to-Media
Portable Computers(SWIS)***
Concurrent
Services****
The business case for wider-bandwidth mobile broadband networks
is being created and validated by Rev. A
*
**
***
****
2
Including broadcasting content to motor vehicles
Including video telephony, distance learning, remote medicine and other video-enabled field services
See What I See (SWIS)
For example, telephony, chat, push-to-talk, data casting, position location and mobile commerce during
3D multiplayer gaming.
www.cdg.org
OFDMA Broadband Overlay Timeline
OFDM-based solutions will be built-out over time as demand grows
and spectrum becomes available
3G CDMA
WAN Coverage
Today
Next 10 years
(Coexistence)
Beyond 10 years
(Migration)
OFDM
3G CDMA
Hotzone
OFDM
Hotzone
3G CDMA
OFDM
Hotzone
OFDMA
WAN Coverage
3G CDMA WAN networks will coexist with OFDM-based solutions until
next generation broadband networks are fully capable of delivering:
1) Ubiquitous coverage
2) Carrier-grade VoIP
3) Low-cost devices *
4) Global roaming *
2
* Harmonization of spectrum for OFDM-based solutions will be necessary to build economies of scale and enable global roaming
www.cdg.org
CDMA2000 Roadmap
CDMA2000 offers a long-term evolutionary path forward
CDMA2000
CDMA2000 Roadmap
1X
Enhancements
1X
35 -55 calls/sector1
DL: 153 kbps
UL: 153 kbps
(1.25 MHz, FDD)
35 calls/sector
DL: 153 kbps
UL: 153 kbps
(1.25 MHz, FDD)
e.g., Quadruple voice
capacity2
(1.25 MHz, FDD)
VoIP
1xEV-DO
1xEV-DO
Rel. 0
Rev. A
DL: 2.4 Mbps
UL: 153 kbps
(1.25 MHz, FDD)
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
DL: 3.1 Mbps
UL: 1.8 Mbps
(1.25 MHz, FDD)
2007
2008
Multicarrier
EV-DO Rev. B
S/W
DL: 9.33 Mbps
UL: 5.4 Mbps
(5 MHz, FDD)
2009
H/W
DL: 14.74 Mbps
UL: 5.4 Mbps
(5 MHz, FDD)
2010
EV-DO
Enhancements
e.g., DL data rates up tp
40 Mbps5
(4 x1.25 MHz carriers, FDD)
2011+
Capacity increase to 55 users per sector (1.25MHz BW) with new EVRV-B codec and handset interference cancellation (QLIC).
Capacity increase of more than double 35 calls/sector is primarily due to UL and DL interference cancellation and mobile receive diversity
3 Peak rate for 3 EV-DO carriers with software upgrade. Standard supports up to 15 aggregated Rev. A carriers
4 Peak rate for 3 EV-DO carriers with 64QAM in the DL. Standard supports up to 15 aggregated Rev A carriers
5 EV-DO Enhancements include Femtocell support, MIMO and 64QAM in the DL and 16 QAM in the UL to enable peak data rates shown within4
2 EV-DO carriers
1
2
www.cdg.org
High-capacity, multi-purpose All-IP networks lower
the total cost of network ownership and enable a
larger selection of revenue streams
Number of Simultaneous
Voice Calls per Sector
4X
1X Enhancements increase CDMA’s already excellent voice capacity
2
www.cdg.org
CDMA2000: Flexible Migration Path
CDMA2000 allows operators the flexibility to design an evolution path that
meets their unique needs
1.25 MHz Channel
CDMA2000
Roadmap
CDMA2000 1X
1xEV-DO
Rel. 0
1X Enhanced
1xEV-DO
Rev. A
Scalable up to 20 MHz
EV-DO
Rev. B
DO
Enhanced
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011+
2
www.cdg.org
Coexistence of CDMA and OFDM
CDMA2000 will be complemented with OFDM-based solutions in many markets
CDMA2000 Evolution Path
CDMA2000 1X
1X Enhancements
1xEV-DO
1xEV-DO
Multicarrier EV-DO
EV-DO
Rel. 0
Rev. A
Rev. B
Enhancements
OFDMA Broadband Technologies
LTE
or
2001
2
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Mobile WiMAX (802.16e)
2008
2009
2010
802.16m
2011+
Complementary CDMA and OFDM Solutions
www.cdg.org
Graceful CDMA to LTE Evolution
Standards alignment, driven by service providers
•CDMA2000 core networks with IMS and VCC will
play a key role in expanding 3G and 4G
deployments
 e.g. Seamless call handoffs between 2G, 3G and 4G networks
 e.g. EV-DO and LTE femtocells
•CDMA2000 operators will be among the first to
deploy LTE
 CDG’s evolution, device and roaming teams are working to ensure
interoperability
IP Core Networks and VCC Bridge CDMA and LTE
2
www.cdg.org
CDMA vs. OFDMA
CDMA and OFDMA are different technologies with different
capabilities
CDMA
OFDM-based Technologies
Codes are
spread
over channel
5 MHz
1.25MHz
Sub-carriers are independent over the channel
and scale with additional bandwidth
10MHz
15MHz
20MHz
CDMA2000 1X and EV-DO are more efficient in
bandwidths up to 5 MHz
OFDMA-based solutions offers a simpler implementation in
bandwidths greater than 10 MHz
2
www.cdg.org
Spectrum Flexibility
CDMA2000 offers operators the flexibility to meet incremental market demands
CDMA2000 1X and EV-DO offer operators the flexibility
to uniquely service diverse market demands
Increasing Demand for Data Services
Rev. B
2
1X
1.25MHz
Rev.
A
1.25MHz
Rev.
A
1.25MHz
Rev.
A
1.25MHz
1.25MHz
1.25MHz
10 MHz
1X
1.25MHz
Rev.
A
1.25MHz
Rev.
A
1.25MHz
5MHz
1X
1.25MHz
Rev.
A
1.25MHz
1X
1.25MHz
Clearing spectrum and deploying smaller carriers
is easier and more affordable
www.cdg.org
Advanced Convergence Network Architecture
An evolution to a “flexible” and “flat” IP-based network architecture
CDMA2000 networks will support both legacy
and advanced IP network architectures
IP Network (Ethernet)
Gateway
Internet
PSTN
IMS
Next generation broadband technologies will be
integrated into CDMA2000 IP networks:
2
UMB
LTE
Mobile WiMAX
www.cdg.org
Next Generation Multimode Devices
Next generation mobile broadband devices will leverage the learning
curve of CDMA2000 WorldModeTM devices
LTE
UMB
WiMAX*
LTE
UMB
WiMAX*
EV-DO Rel. 0
WCDMA
HSPA+
GPS
EV-DO Rev. B
EV-DO Rev. A
EV-DO Rel. 0
CDMA2000 1X
GPS
EV-DO Rev. B
EV-DO Rev. A
EV-DO Rel. 0
CDMA2000 1X
GPRS
GSM
GPS
CDMA2000 1X
Radio Frequency Links:
450 MHz
1900 MHz
700 MHz
AWS
800 MHz
1800 MHz
2100 MHz
1500 MHzGPS
1700 MHz
2500 MHz
3500 MHz
CDMA2000 operators will be among the first operators to
offer next generation mobile broadband services
*2 WiMAX is enabled using a separate chipset
** MDM 9800 and MDM 9600 chipsets will support FDD and TDD duplex modes and different carrier bandwidths.
www.cdg.org
Penetrating the Market
Next generation mobile broadband handset pricing trends will be
similar to UMTS
Price
(USD)
3G CDMA Lowest Handset Pricing
and Global Handset Shipment Volume
Shipments
$280
(Millions)
700
CDMA2000 Global Handset Shipments
WCDMA Global Handset Shipments
WCDMA Low-Tier Averge
CDMA2000 Low-Tier Averge
$260
$240
600
$220
$200
500
$180
$160
400
$140
$120
300
$100
$80
200
$60
$40
100
$20
$0
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008e
2009e
2010e
Sources: 1. ABI ( Q4 2007), IDC (July 2007), Strategy Analytics (July 2007) and Yankee Group (Oct 2007) handset shipment forecasts
2. Yankee Group, CDMA2000 and WCDMA ASP trends, January 2008
2
Next generation multimode handsets will need to approach
existing handset prices to penetrate the market
and build economies of scale
www.cdg.org
CDMA2000: Strong Global Presence
CDMA2000 has built a strong ecosystem and enormous economies of scale
More than 276 operators in more than 102 countries have
deployed or are planning to deploy CDMA2000
463 million CDMA2000
Subscribers
Commercial
In Deployment/Trial
2
1X
EV-DO
Rel. 0
EV-DO
Rev. A
276
106
59
23
43
34
CDMA2000 will continue to be the core business
for hundreds of operators for well over a decade www.cdg.org
Migration Timeline
With an increasing number of subscribers, the migration process is
lengthening
Migration of Subscribers
2
Putting things into perspective:
Mass adoption of wide-bandwidth OFDM-based solutions
will take many years – Voice will remain the Killer
Application.
www.cdg.org
CDMA2000: Strong Evolution Path
CDMA ecosystem is continuing to enhance the CDMA2000 roadmap
• Mass market adoption of Rev. A advanced broadband services is strong
• 26 commercial operators in 18 countries (1/2 billion POPs covered) – 31 more in deployment
• Multicarrier Rev. B will meet demand for additional capacity well into the future
• Interoperability with OFDM-based broadcast and wide-bandwidth broadband
solutions will be supported to supplement core CDMA2000 services
200
Mobile Broadband
Global Cumulative Subscribers
180
160
140
120
202
100
80
152
150
60
91
40
58
20
0
12
2004
56
26
10
20
2005
2006
EV-DO
HSPA
2007
2008
2009
Mobile WiMAX
Sources: Strategy Analytics, Worldwide Cellular User Forecast, July 2007, and Mobile Broadband Subscriptions Forecast, November 2006
Wireless Intelligence World Cellular Subscriber Forecast, October 2007
Yankee Group, Global Mobile Forecast, October 2007
In-Stat/MDR, April 2007
2
Informa, Future Mobile Broadband: HSPA, EV-DO, WiMAX & LTE, 2007
Yankee Group, Modest WiMAX Grows Despite Uncertainty, January 2007
www.cdg.org
CDMA2000: Long-Term Value
Proposition
CDMA2000 is strongly positioned to serve operator requirements for the long
run
Mobility
Coverage
Latency
Capacity
Speed
Ultra-high data
speeds in downlink
and uplink across
entire coverage area
Better user
experience
High spectral
efficiency in all
environments
Lower Total Cost
of Ownership
Lower end-to-end
latency to support
delay sensitive
applications
Better user
experience
Large noncontiguous or
ubiquitous
coverage.
Lower Total Cost
of Ownership
Robust mobility
support with
seamless handoffs
across multiple air
interfaces
Better user
experience
Time-to-Market
Ecosystem
Devices
VoIP
IP-based
Flat IP-based
core network
interconnectivity
Improved
Performance &
2 Convergence
Large numbers of
VoIP calls coexist
with high capacity
data services.
Improved Earnings
Multimode
devices support
multiple radio
interfaces
Economies of Scale
Large client base
and experienced
global suppliers.
Competitive
Industry
Revenue-generating
services become
commercially
available in early
Improved Earnings
Substantial Long-term Industry
www.cdg.org