ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2009
Innovations for Digital Inclusion
Global efforts on Bridging the
Digital Divide and the role of ICT
standardization
Mário Rodrigo Canazza
Anatel (Brazil)
marioca@anatel.gov.br
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
Agenda
Background
Assessing the Digital Divide
National strategies on Bridging the
Digital Divide
Global efforts on Bridging the Digital
Divide
The role of ICT standardization
Conclusion
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2009 – Innovations for Digital Inclusion
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Background
Telephone and Internet penetration rates
worldwide (1997-2007)
Fixed telephones
49
Mobile telephones
41
Internet users
34
28
17
14
14
4
2
5
3
1997
1998
19
18
15
16
12
16
8
5
7
8
1999
2000
2001
10
2002
23
18
12
2003
20
19
20
14
15
2004
2005
18
2006
22
19
2007
Source: ITU-D website
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Background
Trends:
Slowdown in fixed telephone
penetration
Great increases in mobile phone and
Internet penetration
Mobile phones -> multimedia devices
Internet speeding up social, cultural and
economic interactions
ICTs evolution -> Internet Economy
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Background
Issues:
Uneven ICT development
Trendsetters x Trend-followers
Economic drawback
Gap in the adoption of new
technologies:
Gap in access and knowledge
DIGITAL DIVIDE
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Background
1998: Resolution 73 of the ITU
Plenipotentiary Conference
Highlighted the importance of ICTs to
social and economic development
Started the organization of WSIS
2000: UN Millennium Summit
Millennium Development goals: to
ensure that ICTs are available to all
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Assessing the Digital Divide
Wealth gap between countries
Gap in financial investment potential
Gap in science, education and
knowledge (human resources)
The role of ICTs
Reduce these gaps
Foster economic and social development
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Assessing the Digital Divide
Internet penetration rate (1997-2007)
Developed
54
Developing
46
42
World
62
59
56
36
31
24
17
11
5
3
2
8
7
0
1
1
2
3
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
14
12
10
4
5
2002
2003
22
18
15
17
7
9
2004
2005
12
2006
2007
Source: ITU-D website
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2009 – Innovations for Digital Inclusion
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Assessing the Digital Divide
Internet penetration per region (2007)
Africa
5
Americas
41
Asia
17
42
Europe
45
Oceania
22
World
0
10
20
30
40
50
Source: ITU-D website
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Assessing the Digital Divide
Correlation between GDP per capita and
Internet usage (2005)
Source: WSIS 2007 Report
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2009 – Innovations for Digital Inclusion
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Assessing the Digital Divide
Mobile Phone penetration rate (19972007)
Developed
97
90
86
77
Developing
70
65
World
58
50
25
18
1
2
3
5
8
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
34
28
23
19
16
12
8
5
4
49
41
35
45
34
26
11
2002
14
2003
19
2004
2005
2006
2007
Source: ITU-D website
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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National strategies on Bridging the
Digital Divide
Goal: to provide affordable and nondiscriminatory access to ICTs
Market alone cannot guarantee
universal access/coverage
Governments fostering competition
and an enabling environment
Market regulation
Direct/indirect investment
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Global efforts on Bridging the Digital
Divide
ITU-D World Telecommunication
Development Conferences (WTDC) 2002,
2006 and 2010
ITU Plenipotentiary Conferences 2002,
2006 and 2010
World Summit on the Information Society
(WSIS) 2003 and 2005
ITU-T World Telecommunication
Standardization Assembly (WTSA) 2004
and 2008
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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The role of ICT Standardization
Paragraph 44 of WSIS Declaration of
Principles
Benefits:
Economies of scale and scope in
production and distribution
Interoperability, interconnection and global
connectivity
Convergence of applications
Involvement of developing countries
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Conclusion
Bridging the digital divide leads to
digital inclusion
Digital inclusion is determinant to
economic development
ICT standardization can facilitate the
development and adoption of ICTs
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Conclusion
Challenges:
Enhancing cross-border trade policies
Adapting regulations to the rapid
development of ICTs
Promoting e-literacy
Fostering investment and infrastructure
Handling climate change issues
Building recognized international standards
Involving developing countries
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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Thank you very much!
¡Muchas gracias!
Mário Rodrigo Canazza
Adviser of International Affairs
National Telecommunication Agency of Brazil
marioca@anatel.gov.br
Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug – 1 Sep 2009
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