Dredging
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Maintenance dredging is another source of pollutants at marinas. Dredging temporarily disturbs
bottom habitat communities, increases turbidity, and may re-suspend contaminated bottom
sediments. Improper disposal of dredge spoils may adversely affect marine environment and
human health.
Legal Requirements:
DSL dredge,
fill, and
construction
permits
ACOE dredge,
fill, and
construction
permits
Timing
Fill
requirements
q Dredging, the erection of structures, and the placement of fill, and work
incidental thereto, in the tidal, coastal, or navigable waters of the state
waterward of the high tide line are regulated by the Oregon Department of
State Lands (DSL). It is necessary to obtain all required authorizations
from DSL prior to conducting work such as dredging (including
maintenance dredging), construction or placement of new docks, pilings,
ramps, floats, piers, travel lift wells, seawalls, bulkheads, rip rap,
stormwater outfall pipes, and/or mooring fields waterward of the high tide
line in the tidal, coastal, or navigable waters of the state [OAR 340-048].
q The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) has jurisdiction over the
above-listed activities in tidal, coastal, or navigable waters as well,
pursuant to Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 [33 USC §401
et seq.], and Section 404 of the Clean Water Act [33 USC §1344 et seq.]. Call
the ACOE at (800) 343-4789 for more information.
q The Endangered Species Act (ESA) and other laws prohibit dredging
during critical migration or spawning periods of important species of
finfish, shellfish, and wildlife. Contact the Oregon Fish and Wildlife
Department regarding the set periods when in-stream work can occur.
q Comply with local, state and federal fill requirements [CWA §401; OAR 340048]:
1. Do not manage dredge spoils in a wetland or within a flood plain.
2. Store dredge spoils such that rain will not wash sediments back into
the water.
3. Testing of the sediments is required prior to any maintenance
dredging. Only clean sediments can be used as fill.
Best Management Practices:
Use
alternatives
q Marinas requiring maintenance dredging more frequently than once every
four years should investigate practicable alternatives to increase circulation
or reduce sediment accumulation.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 47
Upland
disposal
Test sediments
Contact DSL
q When upland disposal is planned (permits may be required):
1. Use appropriate measures to minimize water quality impacts, reduce
turbidity from return waters, and assess any potential impacts to
ground water quality.
2. Use technical documents prepared by the US Corps of Engineers when
designing containment facilities.
3. Provide appropriate setbacks between the toe of the slope and marine
waters, wetlands, and intertidal flats.
4. Employ sediment and erosion control techniques that prevent erosion
of containment dikes and deposition of sediments into wetlands and
waters.
q Conduct appropriate testing of sediments to be dredged in order to evaluate
potential impacts from return waters, leachate, and runoff and for selecting
an appropriate disposal site and containment design.
q Before doing ANY work that you think might be in the state's permitting
jurisdiction, contact the Oregon Department of State Lands to discuss the
work that you would like to do or to schedule a pre-application meeting.
Some of the maintenance work you want to do may not require any prior
authorization or may be eligible for a shortened permit process.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 48
Compressor Blowdowns
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Air compressor blowdown water commonly contains lubricating oil or other potential
pollutants. These hydrocarbons can contaminate surface and groundwater when improperly
managed.
Legal Requirements:
Manage used
oil
q Waste compressor oil, filters and oil/water separator waste must be
managed as used oil [40 CFR 279].
Best Management Practices:
q Either discharge air compressor blowdown water to sanitary sewer or
contain it in a holding tank. Do not discharge this wastewater into a septic
system.
Remove oil
q Remove or retain any floating layer of oil prior to discharge.
Check for
q Visually inspect the exterior of air compressor equipment for the presence
leaks
of oil leaks on a regular basis.
Maintenance
q Establish a preventative maintenance program which includes, but is not
schedule
limited to, a schedule for cleaning parts, replacing oil, and replacing filters
for the air compressor equipment as recommended in the manufacturer's
specifications.
Dehumidifying q Evaluate the need for installing a dehumidifying system in the air
system
compressor that would reduce the moisture content of the compressed air
and therefore the volume of wastewater generated. This practice may also
prolong the life of the compressor by reducing loss of lubrication and
rusting.
Oil-free
q Investigate purchase of an oil-free air compressor that would eliminate oil
compressor
from the blowdown water.
Discharge to
sanitary sewer
Related Sections and Appendices:
Appendix C for used oil management.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 49
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 50
TAB 3: Hauling and Storing Boats
Bilge Cleaning 53
Pressure Washing 55
Winterizing Vessels 57
Boat Disposal 58
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 51
Bilge Cleaning
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Bilge water can commonly contain oil, fuel, antifreeze, and other contaminants. Even small
amounts of such materials introduced into the marina environment can cause environmental
problems, especially if they are frequent. Although some oil that spills into the water evaporates,
petroleum hydrocarbons can remain suspended in the water column, concentrate on the surface,
or settle to the bottom. An oil sheen can block necessary oxygen and light from moving through
the surface of the water. According to the EPA, the hydrocarbons in oil harm juvenile fish, upset
fish reproduction, and interfere with the growth and reproduction of bottom-dwelling organisms.
Legal Requirements:
Do not
discharge oily
bilge water
Report oily
bilge
discharge as
spill
q Oily bilge water must not be allowed to enter the waters of the state
[ORS 468B.305].
q If oily bilge water cannot be sufficiently cleaned for legal discharge, make
arrangements with a waste hauler to properly dispose of the bilge water.
q Any spill or release of petroleum that results in a sheen on the waters of the
state or a release of oil onto the ground surface of 42 gallons or more must
be reported immediately to the:
1. Oregon Emergency Response System (OERS) at 1-800-0ILS-911 (or
1-800-452-0311) [OAR 340.142; ORS 466.652] and
2. National Response Center at 1-800-424-8802 [Section 311 of the Clean
Water Act; 33 USC 1321].
Dispersants
q The use of dispersants, such as dishwashing soaps or detergents, on oil or
fuel spills or sheen of any size is prohibited in most circumstances [40 CFR
110.4; ORS 468B.315]. Dispersants may only be used with permission from
federal or state authorities, and only in rare instances.
Best Management Practices:
Before
pumping
Require bilge
pad use
Pumping to
sanitary sewer
q Before pumping out a bilge, visually inspect the bilge water to determine
whether there is a visible sheen of oil.
q Use oil absorbent materials to remove oil before pumping a bilge.
q Use an oil/water separator to remove oil from bilge water.
q Don't use soaps and detergents to clean up oily bilge water.
q Require the use of bilge pads to help keep bilge water discharge clean.
Have bilge pads on hand for sale to marina patrons, or direct your tenants
to a marine supply store in your area.
q Some pump-out stations may allow bilge water to be pumped out to the
sanitary sewer after the oil has been physically removed. Prior approval of
the local sanitary sewer authority is required. Large municipal sewer
systems often have sophisticated requirements.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 53
Train
employees
Educate
customers
q Train employees and contractors on bilge cleaning best management
practices.
q Educate customers to keep their engines properly maintained, to
continually check and fix all leaks, and to keep an absorbent pad or pillow
in the bilge to absorb small drips and spills.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix C for used oil management.
Appendix E for state and federal spill reporting requirements.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 54
Pressure Washing
Potential Environmental Impacts:
When the marine organisms that accumulate on the bottom of a vessel are removed, fragments of
bottom paint and hull materials are often chipped off in the process. In a concentrated form, these
untreated particles can have localized water quality impacts. Pressure washing in particular
removes antifouling paint from boat bottoms, which can get washed into the marina basin.
Sediments contaminated with copper or other toxic ingredients in antifouling paints can result in
future problems and expenses for the marina operator when faced with dredge material disposal.
Legal Requirements:
Paint chip and
sludge
disposal
NPDES wash
water permit
q After pressure washing, the paint chips and sludge in holding tanks or
treatment units is a special waste that can only be disposed of at an
approved facility [OAR 340-101-0040].
q A NPDES wash water permit may be required if more than 8 boats and or
other vehicles are washed per week [OAR 340-45].
q For additional information, contact your local DEQ office.
Best Management Practices:
Use low
pressure water
Don't use
chemicals
q Encourage boat washing with low-pressure water only. Where practical,
use a regular garden-type hose and a soft cloth.
q Do not use soaps, solvents, and other chemicals. This allows more options
for reuse or discharge of treated wash water and protects water quality.
Collect and
treat wash
water
q Collect and treat wash water. The following are options for collection and
treatment:
1. Wastewater from the washing operation can be collected and reused
through a closed loop pressure wash system, or can be used after
treatment to irrigate landscaped portions of the marina.
2. Collect all of the wash water, treat it, and discharge to sanitary sewer
or store for hauling to a sewage treatment plant. Discharge to the
sanitary sewer or on-site septic system requires approval.
3. Pressure wash water can also be directed to a holding or settling tank
for treatment. If the wastewater does not contain chemical additives, it
may be diverted into wetpond detention basins, vegetated buffers, or
swales.
4. If none of the above-mentioned practices is feasible and the only
apparent option is to discharge pressure washing wastewater to a
surface water or storm drain, wash water should be treated prior to
discharge. Options for treatment include filtering the wash water
through catch basin inserts that will separate out debris, paint chips,
and sediment. The use of filter fabric, oil/water separators, or sand
filters should also be considered.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 55
Alternatives:
Wash over
permeable
surface with
filter fabric
Wash away
from
waterbody
If well nearby
Contain
chemical
discharges
Minimize
water use
Prohibit inwater bottom
cleaning
q If collecting and treating wash water is not feasible:
1. Wash boats on a level permeable surface (lawn, crushed stone, or
sand) so that the wash water can infiltrate into the ground, if there is
no drinking water well on the property.
2. Place filter fabric over the permeable surface to collect solids and
sediments.
A hazardous waste determination should be conducted on
n
collected pressure wash wastewater to establish whether or not
disposal of the collected material is subject to hazardous waste
regulations [40 CFR 262.11].
3. To ensure that the wash water has enough time to settle into the
ground, pressure wash boats as far away as possible from the water,
preferably over a grassed or otherwise vegetated area. Add a row of
hay bales between the water's edge and the pressure washing
operation.
4. If it is not possible to wash boats over a permeable surface, pump the
wash water to a permeable surface for infiltration.
q If there is a well nearby, pressure wash boats on an impervious surface as
far as possible from the well, and treat the wash water to collect solids and
sediments before discharge, preferably to the sanitary sewer.
q If chemical additives, such as solvents or degreasers, are used, the pressure
washing must be conducted in self-contained systems that prevent any
discharge to storm drains.
q Minimize the amount of water used when boats are pressure washed out of
the water. For example, wash the hull above the waterline by hand.
q Prohibit in-water bottom cleaning or hull scraping or any process that
occurs underwater which removes antifouling paint from the boat hull.
This practice makes it impossible to treat what is cleaned from the boat
bottom.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Hazardous Waste section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 56
Winterizing Vessels
Potential Environmental Impacts:
The activity of preparing a vessel for winter storage may contribute to nonpoint source
pollution through the use of heavy equipment (fork lifts, cranes and travel lifts) as well as
through various storage procedures (use of antifreeze and battery storage).
Legal Requirements:
See other
sections
q
Please see sections referenced below for legal requirements for specific
winterizing activities.
Best Management Practices:
Antifreeze
Bilges
Do not use
toxic cleaners
Use dry rack
storage
Gasoline
q Use propylene glycol antifreeze (usually pink), which is less toxic than
ethylene glycol (usually green), to winterize all systems except "closed" or
freshwater cooling systems.
q Re-use or recycle antifreeze. Store spent antifreeze in a container clearly
marked "Spent Antifreeze Only."
q Inspect and clean bilges prior to extended vessel storage. Clean all water,
oil, or foreign materials from the bilge using absorbent material.
q Avoid the use of heavy-duty detergents containing ammonia, sodium
hypochlorite, chlorinated solvents, petroleum distillates, acids, or lye.
q Encourage use of state-of-the-art dry rack storage facilities. They
minimize the need for more intensive forms of hull maintenance.
q Prior to lowering a vertical lift or marine railway, clean up the device to
prevent contamination of the receiving waters from oil or any hazardous
substance.
q To reduce waste from contaminated gasoline in fuel tanks, store boat
motors according to manufacturers' guidelines.
q Top off the tanks if the boat is stored in water, or empty and purge the tank
if stored on land. Topping off tanks in the summer can result in spills due
to fuel expansion. Top off in the summer just when you are taking her out.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix C for used oil and antifreeze management.
Antifreeze section.
Bilge Cleaning section.
Pressure Washing section.
Decommissioning Engines section.
Oil section.
Battery Replacement section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 57
Boat Disposal
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Sunken or abandoned vessels can pose environmental and safety risks by leaking oil and fuel in a
concentrated area. They can also cause navigational and safety hazards. If boats are properly
disposed of before they become unseaworthy, the chances that the vessel will become an
environmental risk are reduced.
Legal Requirements:
I q There are no legal requirements specifically for boat disposal.
Best Management Practices:
Boat fuel
Remove and
recycle
Mercury parts
Hull pieces
q Empty the boat's fuel tanks and reuse or dispose of used gasoline as
hazardous waste.
q Remove and recycle the following boat parts and fluid:
1. Used oil
2. Used antifreeze
3. Boat engine (recycle as scrap metal)
4. Any metal with reuse value, such as lead, zinc, aluminum
5. Refrigerants
q Remove all mercury-containing devices (i.e., some electronic equipment,
bilge pump switches, old ship's barometers) and handle as hazardous
waste. If removed by the boater, the mercury containing devices can be
managed as household hazardous waste.
q Reduce the size of the hull into smaller pieces as directed by the solid
waste facility. The smaller the pieces, the easier it is for the facility to take.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B for hazardous waste management information.
Hazardous Waste section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 58
TAB 4: Fueling
Fueling Station Operation 61
Fuel Storage 63
Fuel Tank Disposal 65
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 59
Fueling Station Operation
Potential Environmental Impacts:
The small spills that occur during boat fueling can accumulate and become a much larger
problem. According to the EPA, complex hydrocarbon compounds in oil and gasoline are toxic to
marine life, upset fish reproduction, and interfere with growth and reproduction of bottom
dwelling organisms. Oil and gas that are ingested by one animal can be passed to the next animal
that eats it. In a marina, petroleum will also deteriorate the white Styrofoam in floats and docks,
and discolor boat hulls, woodwork, and paint. Gasoline spills are also a safety problem because of
the product's flammability. A single pint of petroleum product released into the water can cover
one acre of water surface area and can seriously damage aquatic habitat.
Legal Requirements:
NFPA
requirements
Fuel station
requirements:
Nozzles
Attendant
Extinguisher
Signs
Before fueling
During fueling
q All marine service stations are subject to the National Fire Protection
Association's (NFPA) Automotive and Marine Service Station Code
(NFPA 30A). These requirements are adopted locally. Check with your
municipal fire marshal for local requirements.
q The following requirements are listed in NFPA 30A as pertaining to
marine service stations. It is not intended to be a complete list of
requirements:
q Dispensing nozzles must be of the automatic-closing type without a
latch-open device or holding clip [NFPA 30A, Section 10-4.2]. Remove old
fuel nozzle triggers that lock in the "on" position.
q All marine service stations must be attended by an employee responsible for supervising, observing, and controlling the dispensing of
liquids whenever the station is open for business [NFPA 30A, Section104.7].
q At least one fire extinguisher with the minimum classification of 40-
B:C must be located within 100 feet of each pump, dispenser, and piermounted liquid storage tank [NFPA 30A, Sectionl0-8.1].
q Signs with the following legends printed in 2-inch (5cm), red block
capital letters on a white background must be posted in the dispensing
area of all marine service stations [NFPA 30A, Section 10-11.8]:
n BEFORE FUELING:
o Stop all engines and auxiliaries
o Shut off all electricity, open flames and heat sources
o Check all bilges for fuel vapors
o Extinguish all smoking materials
o Close access fittings and openings that could allow fuel
vapors to enter enclosed spaces of the vessel
n DURING FUELING:
o Maintain nozzle contact with fill pipe
o Wipe up spills immediately
o Avoid overfilling
o Fuel filling nozzle must be attended at all times
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 61
After fueling
SPCC Plan
Report spills
n
AFTER FUELING:
o Inspect bilges for leakage and fuel odors
o Ventilate until odors are removed
q If your facility stores a certain amount of gas or oil, it may require a Spill
Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan [40 CFR 112].
q Any spill or release of petroleum that results in a sheen on the waters of the
state must be reported immediately to the:
1. Oregon Emergency Response System (OERS) at 1-800-0ILS-911 (or
1-800-452-0311) [OAR 340.142; ORS 466.652] and
2. National Response Center at 1-800-424-8802 [Section 311 of the Clean
Water Act; 33 USC 1321].
Best Management Practices
Fuel dock
location
Spill materials
at fuel dock
Sell spill
materials
Personal
watercraft
Inspect hoses
Fuel
connections
Train staff
q Locate fuel docks in protected areas to reduce potential for accidents due
to passing boat traffic, and design them so that spill containment
equipment can be easily deployed to surround a spill and any boats that
may be tied to the fuel dock.
q Store spill containment and control materials in a clearly marked and
easily accessible location, attached or adjacent to the fuel dock.
q Keep oil absorbent pads and pillows available at the fuel dock for staff and
customers to mop up drips and small spills.
q Carry vent line whistles, vent cups, oil absorbent fuel collars and other fuel
spill preventative devices in your ships store.
q Provide a stable platform for fueling personal watercraft, if your facility
services significant numbers of them.
q Routinely inspect and repair fuel transfer equipment, such as hoses and
pipes.
q Place plastic or nonferrous drip trays lined with oil absorbent materials
beneath fuel connections.
q Train fuel dock staff to handle and dispense fuel properly. Fuel dock staff
should be trained to:
1. Fill tanks slowly and carefully. Prevent overfilling of gas tanks by
listening to or keeping a hand at the air vent, if possible; a
pronounced flow of air is emitted when the tank is nearly full.
2. Remember that fuel expands in warm weather and to leave at least
5% of space in a fuel tank to allow for that expansion.
3. Use a fuel collar or fuel bib and keep an absorbent pad or pillow
ready to catch spills, drips, or overflow.
4. Put a drip pan under portable fuel tanks. If possible, fill portable fuel
tanks ashore.
5. Prevent spills as well as respond to spills.
6. Give information and direction to customers.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix E for state and federal spill reporting requirements and SPCC Plan
information.
Spill section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 62
Fuel Storage
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Fuel spills are very damaging to the marina environment. According to the EPA, the complex
hydrocarbon compounds in oil and gasoline are toxic to marine life, upset fish reproduction, and
interfere with growth and reproduction of bottom dwelling organisms.
Legal Requirements:
Facility
storing
>10,000 lbs
fuel
q If your facility stores 10,000 pounds or more of gasoline, diesel fuel,
and/or fuel oil, either above- or underground for dispensing or for on-site
use, you must report storage of that substance under the Emergency
Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 [42 Usc 11001, and 42
CFR 355].
Storage tanks
NFPA
Underground
storage tanks
(USTs)
Requirements
Underground
tank removal
q Both above and underground storage tanks and their piping systems are
subject to the National Fire Protection Association's (NFPA) Automotive
and Marine Service Station Code (NFPA 30A). These requirements are
adopted locally. Check with your municipal fire marshal for local
requirements.
q Underground Petroleum Storage: Tanks with ten percent or more of
total volume below grade (including the volume of connected underground
pipes) are considered Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) and must meet
certain requirements [OAR 340-150; 40 CFR 280]. The general requirements
are that:
1. Owners and operators of USTs maintain inventory logs of daily use
versus product level to identify abnormal loss or gain of liquid.
2. The tank and piping be constructed of noncorrosive materials or
externally coated cathodically protected steel and installed according
to manufacturer's specifications;
3. The facility has an approved method of leak detection which includes
the maintenance of all activity records for 5 years;
4. Fill-pipes on tanks have means to collect spills from delivery hoses;
5. The tanks have overfill protection, such as automatic shutoff devices
which activate at 90% UST capacity and restrict flow during
deliveries;
6. The tank must be registered with the Oregon DEQ.
7. If a facility has a total underground buried storage capacity of more
than 42,000 gallons of petroleum product, it may require a Spill,
Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan [40 CFR 112.1].
q There are additional requirements for facility owners or operators when
they are closing USTs through removal or in-place abandonment [OAR 340150-0180].
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 63
Aboveground
petroleum
storage
SPCC plans
Report spills
q Aboveground Petroleum Storage: If your facility stores a certain
amount of gas or oil in aboveground tanks (in excess of 660 gallons in any
one tank or a total aggregate volume greater than 1,320 gallons) it may
require a Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan [40
CFR 112.1], which outlines a facility-wide plan to prevent spills and
contingency plans in case of spills.
q SPCC plans require [40 CFR 112.1]:
1. The aboveground storage tank should be located within a dike or over
an impervious storage area.
2. The tanks require secondary containment of 110% of the volume of
the largest container.
3. A professional engineer must approve written spill prevention and
response measures as adequate.
q Any spill or release of petroleum that results in a sheen on the waters of the
state or a release of oil onto the ground surface of 42 gallons or more must
be reported immediately to the:
1. Oregon Emergency Response System (OERS) at 1-800-0ILS-911 (or
1-800-452-0311) [OAR 340.142; ORS 466.652] and
2. National Response Center at 1-800-424-8802 [Section 311 of the Clean
Water Act; 33 USC 1321].
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted on any materials used
to clean a spill to determine whether or not disposal of the materials is
subject to hazardous waste regulations [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-1020011].
Best Management Practices:
Secure areas
when not in
use
Spill
Contingency
Plan
Post phone
numbers
Inspect for
leaks
Tank roof
q Fueling facilities and storage areas must be secured when not in use by
appropriate shutdown devices and security locks.
q Even if you are not required to, develop a Spill Contingency Plan for all
fuel storage and dispensing areas.
q Post emergency phone numbers in an obvious location.
q Regularly inspect aboveground fuel storage tanks and associated piping for
leaks.
q If possible, cover the tank with a roof to prevent rainwater from filling the
containment area.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix A for hazardous substance management information.
Appendix B for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix E for spill plan and reporting information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Hazardous Waste section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 64
Fuel Tank Disposal
Potential Environmental Impacts:
According to the EPA, the complex hydrocarbon compounds in petroleum products are toxic to
marine life, upset fish reproduction, and interfere with growth and reproduction of bottom
dwelling organisms. Improperly disposed fuel tanks can also impact groundwater supplies and
pose a serious fire safety risk.
Legal Requirements:
Tank removal
q If a portable or fixed tank for gasoline or an oil and gasoline mixture is
empty, meaning drained of all material that can be removed from the
container by normal methods like pouring or pumping, AND no more than
one inch (or 3% by weight) of residue remains in the container, it can be
disposed of as regular solid waste or can be recycled as scrap metal [40 CFR
261.7].
q If a tank is not empty, it must be disposed of as hazardous waste
[40 CFR
262.11].
Contact DEQ
q Prior to closing underground storage tanks (UST) through removal or inplace abandonment, you must notify DEQ and follow applicable
regulations [OAR 340-150].
Best Management Practices:
Leftover fuel
Keep away
from heat
Label tanks
Fuel canisters
Disposable
canisters
q Use, recondition or recycle all usable fuel before disposing of the tank.
q Store tanks awaiting disposal away from ignition sources like heat or
sparks.
q Clearly label tanks "Waste Gasoline."
q Large fuel canisters should be devalved with a fire marshal permit or taken
to a hazardous waste collection facility.
q Disposal propane canisters should have their pressure released using an
official puncturing device and used as scrap metal. These pressurized
canisters could explode dangerously and should not be punctured with any
other device. If you do not have the appropriate device, take the canisters
to a hazardous waste collection facility.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 65
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 66
TAB 5: Mechanical Activities
Oil 69
Antifreeze 71
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads 73
Degreasing / Parts Washing 75
Battery Replacement 77
Upland Engine Operations 79
Commissioning Engines 80
Decommissioning Engines 81
Zinc Replacement 82
Refrigerants 83
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 67
Oil
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Even small amounts of oil introduced into the marina environment can cause environmental
problems, especially if they persist. Although some oil that spills into the water evaporates,
petroleum hydrocarbons can remain suspended in the water column, concentrate on the surface,
or settle to the bottom. Because of the properties of oil, a cup of oil can spread a very thin sheen
over more than an acre of calm water. An oil sheen can block necessary oxygen and light from
moving through the surface of the water. According to the EPA, the hydrocarbons in oil harm
juvenile fish, upset fish reproduction, and interfere with the growth and reproduction of bottomdwelling organisms.
Legal Requirements:
q Manage used oil, and any materials used to clean a spill, in accordance
with the requirements specified in Appendix C [40 CFR 279].
Oil storage - q Storage of used oil is subject to all applicable Spill Prevention, Control
SPCC
and Countermeasures [40 CFR 112].
Report spills q Any spill or release of petroleum that results in a sheen on the waters of
the state or a release of oil onto the ground surface of 42 gallons or more
must be reported immediately to the:
1. Oregon Emergency Response System (OERS) at 1-800-0ILS-911
(or 1-800-452-0311) [OAR 340.142; ORS 466.652] and
2. National Response Center at 1-800-424-8802 [Section 311 of the Clean
Manage oil
Do not use
dispersants
q
Water Act; 33 USC 1321].
The use of dispersants, such as dishwashing soaps or detergents, on a
fuel spill or sheen of any size on the surface water is prohibited in most
circumstances. Dispersants may only be used with permission from
federal or state authorities, and only in rare instances [40 CFR 110.4; ORS
468B.315].
Best Management Practices:
Keep used oil
separate from
other liquids
q Do not allow anything else, such as gasoline, solvents, paint, varnishes,
pesticides, or antifreeze to be added to the used oil container. The
introduction of these materials will result in the whole mixture having to
be managed as a hazardous waste, adding a large expense.
q In general, engine oil, transmission fluid, hydraulic fluid, and gear oil are
considered used oil and may be placed in the waste oil container. As a
precaution though, check with your recycler before mixing any
materials.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 69
Reuse oil
Recycle oil
Recycle oil
filters
Spill-proof oil
changes
Use absorbent
pads
Customer oil
collection:
Consult DEQ
Post signs
Separate tanks
Educate: don't
use detergents
Bilge water
q Burn your used oil in an approved used oil fuel space heater. This is a
cost saving measure that eliminates the cost of waste oil removal.
q Have a registered used oil transporter haul the used oil offsite for
recycling. Used oil that is recycled is subject to less stringent regulations
than hazardous waste.
q Recycle used oil filters. Puncture and thoroughly drain them first. If you
generate large numbers of filters, consider purchasing a filter crusher.
q Purchase a non-spill vacuum-type system for spill-proof oil changes, or
to suction oily water from bilges.
q Slip a plastic bag over used oil filters prior to removal to prevent drips.
q Use oil absorbent materials to clean up small drips and spills.
q Sell oil absorbent pads in the ships store.
q Install collection facilities for used oil and used oil filters and encourage
boaters to use them, or direct boaters to their municipal used oil
collection facility, usually at local transfer station.
q Collected oil should be recycled or burned in an approved heater;
otherwise the marina may be subject to stricter regulations due to the
increased generation of hazardous waste. Contact DEQ Technical
Assistance for a consultation visit to ensure there is no change in
generator status.
q Post signs indicating how important it is that the used oil not be
contaminated.
q Consider providing separate tanks for used oil, one for patrons to use and
a secure tank for used oil collected by marina facility staff.
q Educate customers and staff to not use soaps and detergents to clean up
oily drips and spills on the water.
q Avoid pumping bilge water that is oily or has a visible sheen. Use oil
absorbent materials or an oil/water separator to remove oil before
pumping.
q Purchase a portable or stationary oil/water separator to clean bilge water.
These devices draw contaminated water from bilges, capture
hydrocarbons in a filter and discharge clean water.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix C for used oil management.
Appendix E for spill plan and reporting information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Spills section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 70
Antifreeze
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Antifreeze can pollute groundwater, surface water and drinking water supplies if dumped, spilled
or leaked, and is harmful to marine and aquatic life. While in an engine, antifreeze can become
contaminated with lead or fuel to the point where it must be managed as a hazardous waste. There
are two types of antifreeze. Antifreeze with ethylene glycol, a greenish-yellow, odorless, sweettasting chemical, poses a serious health hazard to humans and animals if ingested. Antifreeze with
propylene glycol, which is usually pink and marketed as nontoxic, is less toxic and is
recommended for use.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
Manage
hazardous
waste
q Waste antifreeze can be either hazardous or non-hazardous, depending upon
the levels of contaminants it contains (the most common contaminants are
lead, benzene, and zinc). In order to determine which is the case, the
generator must either have their waste tested, or utilize reliable "knowledge
of process" information for the waste (if available) [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11;
OAR 340-102-0011]. Such information could include testing by haulers or
studies by industry trade groups.
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted on any materials used
to clean antifreeze spills [40 CFR 262.11].
q Antifreeze that is hazardous waste must either be recycled or disposed of
via a permitted hazardous waste hauler. While stored on-site, it must be
managed in accordance with hazardous waste storage requirements [40 CFR
262.11; OAR 340-102].
Do not
discharge
q Antifreeze that is determined to not be a hazardous waste is still considered
a polluting liquid waste and may not be discharged into the waters of the
state or placed in a location where it is likely to end up in the waters of the
state [ORS 468B.025].
Best Management Practices:
Choose Pink
Transfer
Carefully
q Use propylene glycol antifreeze (usually pink), which is less toxic than
ethylene glycol (usually green), where appropriate. Sell propylene glycol in
your ships store.
q Use drip pans and funnels when transferring antifreeze to minimize spills
and drips.
q Wear eye protection, clothing that covers exposed skin and rubber gloves
when transferring antifreeze.
q Pour slowly and carefully to avoid splashing.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 71
Segregate,
Cover, and
Label
Contain
Recycle
q Segregate used antifreeze from other wastes.
q Provide well-marked, coverable containers that are in good condition to
collect antifreeze.
q Label the containers "Used Antifreeze."
q Never mix antifreeze with other chemicals.
q Recover antifreeze used to winterize systems.
q Store antifreeze in a container that can be completely drained with a wide
opening. Keep antifreeze storage containers closed at all times.
q Provide containment to prevent spills from entering ground water or
stormwater.
q Recycle used antifreeze.
q Recycling options for antifreeze include:
1. Purchase on-site recycling equipment and recycle at your facility.
Conduct a RCRA hazardous waste determination (i.e., test the residue
or filter cartridge) at least one time to verify that the waste is not
hazardous before recycling on-site. Keep a copy of the test results in
your files;
2. Contract with an on-site mobile recycling service that is permitted by
OR-DEQ to recycle antifreeze;
3. Contract with a hauler that recycles the antifreeze off-site.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix C for used antifreeze management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Hazardous Waste section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 72
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Contaminated rags that are improperly managed may pose fire, health, and environmental risks.
Minimizing contamination of rags reduces health risks to workers and emissions of volatile
organic compounds to the air, improves effluent discharge from industrial laundries if you use
launderable rags, decreases liability risks, and saves money by minimizing solvent use.
Legal Requirements:
Types of
contaminated
rags
Leased rags
q How used cloth rags are managed depends on what the rags are
contaminated with [40 CFR 262.111.
q If the used rag is:
1. Dripping with used oil, manage as used oil.
2. Contaminated with used oil, but not dripping, evaluate for hazardous
waste then properly manage.
3. Contaminated with paints or solvents, or other hazardous materials,
manage as hazardous waste.
4. Contaminated with other material (or only with mild cleaners or
soaps), dispose of in regular trash.
q If you lease rags and have them laundered, and they are contaminated
with hazardous waste, you must manage them as hazardous waste until
they are picked up for laundering. However, they do not require a
hazardous waste manifest [40 CFR 262.11].
Best Management Practices:
Separate rags
Wring rags
Reduce solvent
use
Recyclable rags
Laundry
service
Rag storage
Rags with
gasoline
q Keep oily rags separate from rags that have been contaminated with
hazardous materials such as solvents.
q Remove excess solvent from rags by wringing or pressing excess into
coverable container.
q Reduce the amount of solvent used in cleaning through improved work
practices. Use solvents only when absolutely necessary. Use non-VOC
cleaners.
q Use cloth rags that can be recycled by an industrial laundry service.
q Contract with a permitted industrial laundry service that will pick up
soiled rags and deliver clean rags on a regular basis. The laundry service
may require you to limit the solvent and other chemical content of the
soiled rags because of the limits on their permit to discharge wastewater
into the sanitary sewer.
q Store ignitable rags in NFPA approved, labeled containers until they can
be laundered.
q Reuse rags or absorbent pads that have soaked up ONLY gasoline.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 73
Rags with oil
q
If rag or absorbent pad has soaked up ONLY diesel or oil:
1. If the used oil collector will accept them for energy recovery, place
in a covered container in the used oil collection area for pickup.
2. If the rag or pad is dry and the used oil collector will not accept
them, check that the landfill will accept them and then double bag
and place in trash.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix C for used oil management information.
Hazardous Waste section.
Oil section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 74
Degreasing / Parts Washing
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Degreasers used to clean metal parts may be organic solvents (chlorinated or non-chlorinated) or
water-based cleaners. Organic solvents usually contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
which can evaporate quickly. Many VOCs combine with combustion emissions to form ground
level ozone, a major component of "smog." Ozone damages lungs and degrades many materials.
When solvents are released and reach water, even in very small quantities, they may render the
water unfit for human consumption and uninhabitable for aquatic life. Many organic solvents are
also combustible, which may pose a fire hazard.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted to establish whether or
not disposal of waste solvents and parts washer solutions is subject to
hazardous waste regulations [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011]. A
hazardous waste determination must also be conducted on any materials
used to clean a spill.
Best Management Practices:
Use non-VOC
cleaners
Volatile
organic
compound
(VOC) use
procedures
Contain
solvents
Separate
solvents
q Use water-based, non-VOC cleaners that are less hazardous than solventbased degreasers. They are also less toxic and non-flammable. Don't use a
toxic or flammable organic solvent if you don't have to.
q Any parts washer that uses VOCs at room temperature should follow these
equipment design and operating procedures:
1. The cover must be easily operated with one hand and closed
whenever the parts washer is not being used for 2 minutes or more.
2. Parts must be covered during draining.
3. Waste solvent must be stored in covered containers.
4. Cleaned parts must be drained for at least 15 seconds, or until
dripping ceases, whichever is longer.
5. Degreasing solvent must be sprayed as a compact fluid stream (not
a fine, atomized, or shower type) and at a pressure that does not
exceed 10 psi.
6. Operation must cease at the occurrence of any visible solvent leaks.
7. Post labels on or near each unit summarizing the applicable
operating requirements.
8. Keep monthly records on the amount of solvent added to each unit.
q If using VOC-based solvents is unavoidable, catch excess solvents in a pan
and reuse.
q Do not mix or add other types of solvents to any degreaser.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 75
Don't dump
solvents
q Never discard any degreasing solvent into sinks, floor drains or onto the
ground. It will ultimately find its way to local waters, and as little as a
thimble full may render thousands of gallons of water uninhabitable for
aquatic life or unfit for human consumption. You may be held responsible
for remediation costs.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
= Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Antifreeze section.
Battery Replacement section.
Oil section.
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads section for used rag disposal information.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 76
Battery Replacement
Potential Environmental Impacts:
If handled improperly, lead acid batteries pose certain hazards. Battery components are toxic
and corrosive, and can also be a fire and explosion hazard. Lead and sulfuric acid can
contaminate the air, soil, and water. Direct contact with sulfuric acid can burn the skin and eyes.
Exposure to lead in the environment can pose a serious health hazard to children. Lead is also
very toxic to aquatic life and can enter marina basins through stormwater when spent lead acid
batteries are not managed properly.
Legal Requirements:
Universal
Waste Rule:
q Marinas that store less than 5,000 kilograms (11,000 pounds) of spent lead-
acid batteries would be classified as "Small Quantity Handlers" under the
Universal Waste Rule. Such handlers are required to do the following [40
CFR 273 Subpart B]:
Label
Store < 1 year
Keep in
container
Contain spills
Package
appropriately
Shipment
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
If > 500 lbs
stored onsite
1. Mark all batteries (or containers holding such batteries) with the
words "Universal Waste – Batteries," "Waste Batteries," or "Used
Batteries."
2. Store batteries for no more than one year before sending them offsite for recycling.
Place
any battery that shows signs of leakage, spillage, or damage
3.
in a container that is kept closed, is structurally sound, and is
compatible with the contents of the battery.
4. Immediately contain any releases of batteries or electrolyte.
5. Before shipping batteries off-site, ensure that they are packaged,
marked, labeled, and placarded in accordance with U.S. DOT rules
for hazardous materials.
6. Ship the batteries to another Universal Waste handler, or to an
authorized destination facility for recycling. Prior to shipment,
ensure that the receiving facility agrees to receive the shipment.
Any shipments that are rejected must be taken back, or directed to
another handler or destination facility. In addition, if you transport
batteries from one site to another, you must comply with Universal
Waste transporter requirements [40 CFR 273 Subpart D].
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted on spilled acid and
broken lead acid batteries, and any materials used to clean a spill, to
establish whether or not their disposal is subject to hazardous waste
regulations [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011].
q If over 500 pounds of batteries are stored on-site, report the chemicals in
lead acid batteries (sulfuric acid and lead) as part of your hazardous and
toxic chemical inventory and notifications required under the Emergency
Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA) [40 CFR
355].
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 77
Best Management Practices:
Limit long
term storage
Store properly
Broken
batteries
Transport
properly
Keep records
q Avoid long-term storage of lead acid batteries by sending accumulated
batteries to a reclaimer within six months of receipt. Limit accumulation of
large quantities of spent batteries. If necessary, ship more frequently.
q Store spent lead acid batteries upright in a secure location, protected from
the elements.
q Never stack batteries directly on top of each other. Layer with wood.
q Never drain batteries or crack the casings.
q Place cracked or leaking batteries in a sturdy, acid-resistant, leak-proof,
sealed container (e.g., a sealable 5-gallon plastic pail). The container should
be kept closed within the battery storage area.
q Strap batteries to pallets or wrap batteries and pallet in plastic during
transport.
q Keep written records of weekly inspections of spent lead acid batteries.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix A for hazardous substance management information.
Appendix B for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Hazardous waste section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 78
Upland Engine Operations
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Working on boat engines has potential environmental impacts. If engine fluids are not well
managed, they may be transported by stormwater into the marina basin, where they can harm fish
and other aquatic life. If certain fluids are mixed, they may become subject to hazardous waste
requirements and be more expensive to dispose. Waste fluids from upland engine operations may
include: engine oil, transmission fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, hydraulic fluid and
antifreeze, all of which are recyclable liquids. Many of these fluids can be hazardous, and may
pick up contaminants (e.g., lead from bearings) during use in an engine.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted to establish whether
or not disposal of waste fluids is subject to hazardous waste regulations
[RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011]. A hazardous waste determination
must also be conducted on any materials used to clean a spill.
Best Management Practices:
Don't discharge
fluids
Separate and
recycle fluids
q Never pour waste fluids down any drains, including stormwater drains, or
onto the ground. Exception: waste fluids may be discharged into sealed
and permitted blind sumps that capture contaminants for proper treatment
and disposal.
q Do not dispose of liquid waste in dumpsters.
q Recycle fluids whenever possible. In general, the purer the waste stream,
the higher the value to the recycler. Never mix gasoline, antifreeze, or
chlorinated solvents into used oil because it may cause the used oil to
become a hazardous waste, therefore requiring higher disposal costs.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Appendix C for used oil and antifreeze management.
Antifreeze section.
Oil section.
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 79
Commissioning Engines
Potential Environmental Impacts:
The waste fluids generated when commissioning engines on the upland, if not properly
managed, can potentially enter the water in stormwater runoff. Contact with the fluids can harm
fish and other marine and aquatic life. If certain fluids are mixed, they may become subject to
hazardous waste requirements and be more expensive to dispose. Waste fluids from
commissioning engines may include engine oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, and antifreeze.
Legal Requirements:
Gasoline
disposal
q If stale gasoline cannot be reconditioned, dispose of it as hazardous waste
[40 CFR 262.11].
Best Management Practices:
Check for
leaks
Encourage
boaters
q Inspect fuel lines for leaks or potential leaks such as cracks and loose
connections. These can be persistent sources of engine fluids to the bilge.
q Household hazardous waste programs may accept unwanted gasoline and
gas/oil blends generated by individual boat owners. Encourage marina
patrons to dispose of their waste gasoline through their own municipal
household hazardous waste collection programs, if appropriate.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste minimization tips.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Antifreeze section.
Oil section.
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 80
Decommissioning Engines
Potential Environmental Impacts:
The waste fluids generated when decommissioning engines on the upland, if not properly
managed, can potentially enter the water in stormwater runoff. Contact with the fluids can harm
fish and other marine and aquatic life. If certain fluids are mixed, they may become subject to
hazardous waste requirements and be more expensive to dispose. Waste fluids from
decommissioning engines may include engine oil, gasoline, diesel fuel and antifreeze.
Legal Requirements:
Gasoline
disposal
q
If stale gasoline cannot be reconditioned, dispose of it as hazardous waste
[40 CFR 262.11].
Best Management Practices:
Use pink
antifreeze
Use stabilizers
Fill fuel tank
only 90%
Unwanted gas
q Use propylene glycol antifreeze (usually pink) to winterize all systems
except "closed," or freshwater cooling systems. Propylene glycol antifreeze
is much less toxic than ethylene glycol antifreeze. Use the minimum
amount of antifreeze necessary for the job.
q Where appropriate, add stabilizers to fuel to protect engines against
corrosion and the formation of sludge, gum, and varnish. Stabilizers are
available for gasoline and diesel fuels, and for crankcase oil. This also
eliminates the problem of stale fuel disposal in the spring. Check
manufacturer's warranty on engine before adding fuel stabilizers.
q Fill fuel tanks to 85-90% full to prevent flammable fumes from
accumulating and to minimize the possibility of condensation leading to
corrosion. Do not fill the tank more than 90% full if the boat has an external
overflow vent. The fuel will expand as it warms in the springtime, and fuel
will spill out the vent line of a full inboard tank.
q Household hazardous waste programs may accept unwanted gasoline and
gas/oil blends generated by individual boat owners. Encourage marina
patrons to dispose of their waste gasoline through their own municipal
household hazardous waste collection programs, if appropriate.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste minimization tips.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Antifreeze section.
Battery Replacement section.
Oil section.
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 81
Zinc Replacement
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Sacrificial zinc anodes fight corrosion in salt water by deterring corrosion of metal hull and
engine parts. Elevated levels of zinc in marina sediments have been found to be associated with
boat operation and maintenance. Zinc, in high concentrations, can be toxic to marine life, and can
be potentially toxic to humans who eat contaminated shellfish or fish.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q A hazardous waste determination must be performed on waste zinc anodes
being disposed of [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011]. However, if the
anodes can be recycled as scrap metal, they do not have to be managed as
hazardous waste.
Best Management Practices:
Recycle
Storage
q Recycle zinc anodes with other scrap metals. Scrap metal dealers will take
spent zinc anodes.
q Store zinc anodes with other recyclable scrap metals in clearly marked
containers protected from the elements.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 82
Refrigerants
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Refrigerants become an environmental problem when they escape into the air.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs, or FreonTM) are gases used primarily as refrigerants in motor vehicle
air conditioners, building air conditioning units, refrigerators, and freezers. When CFCs are
released into the air, they rise into the upper atmosphere where they damage the protective ozone
layer in the stratosphere. A single CFC molecule can destroy 100,000 molecules of ozone. The
ozone layer absorbs the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation and when it is damaged living
things on the earth become exposed to harmful UV.
Legal Requirements:
Air
conditioner
servicers
q Everyone who services air conditioners must be certified in the proper use
of CFC recovery and recycling equipment [Clean Air Act, Title VI, Section 608
and 609, 40 CFR 82.34].
1:1 The Clean Air Act prohibits release of CFCs and halons. Anyone repairing
or servicing motor vehicle air conditioners must recover or recycle CFCs
on-site or recover CFCs and send them off-site for recycling [40 CFR 82.34].
Best Management Practices:
Refrigerant
alternatives
Repair leaks
CFC handling
q Investigate alternatives to ozone-depleting refrigerants. These include HFC134 (or R-134a), R-409a and R-404a.
q The EPA does not require that leaks be repaired, although it recommends
that vehicle owners consider repairing leaks to reduce emissions and extend
the useful life of their air conditioner. Repair of leaking systems will help
vehicle owners avoid the need to continue to refill systems with high priced
refrigerant.
q For more information on CFC handling, contact the EPA at (800) 821-1237, or the National CFC Hotline at (800) 296-1996, between 7:00 a.m.
to 1:00 p.m. Monday through Friday.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 83
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 84
TAB 6: Painting and Fiberglass Repair
Scraping and Sanding 87
Paint Stripping 89
Prepping and Painting Boat Bottoms Antifouling Paint 90
Hull and Topside Painting 92
Abrasive Blasting 94
Paint Spraying 95
Compound Waxing 97
Varnishing 98
Teak Refinishing 99
Fib erglassing Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook 100
Page 85
Scraping and Sanding
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Hull paints can contain heavy metals and other toxins. Sanding chips and dust that fall onto the
ground can enter a marina basin through stormwater runoff. Paint chips and sanding debris can
be particularly dangerous when shellfish ingest them and the shellfish are then ingested by other
animals, including humans.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q You must determine if your sanding dust is hazardous and manage
accordingly [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011].
q If the sanding dust is not hazardous, it must be handled as a Special Waste.
This waste may be disposed of at a solid waste landfill if the site meets the
design criteria of 40 CFR 258.40 for new municipal solid wastes landfill
units [OAR 340-093-0190 (f)].
Best Management Practices:
Designate
indoor or
upland area
Use tarps
Impervious
pad
Clean up
immediately
Non-windy
days
Use vacuum
sanders
q Conduct sanding and scraping away from the water's edge. Designate an
indoor or upland area for debris-producing maintenance such as scraping,
sanding, and sandblasting. The boat maintenance area can be a temporary
structure or plastic sheeting provided to minimize the spreading of dust
and windblown material. The work area should be well marked with signs.
q Place drop cloths or tarps under vessels when sanding or scraping.
q Weight the bottom edges of tarps and drop clothes to keep them in place.
q Consider installing an impervious pad for conducting debris-producing
maintenance.
1:1 Clean up all debris, trash, sanding dust, and paint chips immediately
following any maintenance or repair activity.
q When sanding or grinding hulls over a paved surface, vacuuming or
sweeping loose paint particles is the preferred cleanup method. Do not
hose the debris away.
q Dispose of water-based (non-hazardous) waste paint chips and sanding
waste in a covered dumpster or other covered solid waste receptacle.
q Avoid scraping or sanding on windy days, unless conducting activity in an
enclosed maintenance structure.
q Use dustless or vacuum sanders when sanding. These tools can collect
over 98% of dust generated instead of releasing it into the air. Workers can
use this equipment without full suits or respirators and have less cleanup
when the job is done.
q Require customers and contractors to use dustless or vacuum sanders. Rent
or loan the equipment to them.
q Post signs indicating the availability of the dustless or vacuum sanders.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 87
Provide
covered
container
In water
activities
Minimize
scraping need
q Provide a covered collection drum for the dust from vacuum sanders and
other scraping debris.
q Restrict or prohibit sanding and scraping boats that are in the water, to the
greatest extent practicable.
q If sanding, scraping, or grinding must take place while the boat is in the
water, use tarps and sheeting installed between the vessel being worked on
and the floats or walking surface to prevent dust, paint chips, debris, or
other materials from falling or being blown into the water. The sheeting
should have a tight seal to the vessel and adjacent surfaces to prevent
leakage of any paint chips or dust outside the work area. Remove the
sheeting carefully to prevent the loss of accumulated waste material into
the water.
q Where feasible, boat maintenance and storage practices that minimize the
need for scraping and sanding should be encouraged.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Abrasive Blasting section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 88
Paint Stripping
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Many paint strippers are solvent-based, and contain chemicals that are dangerous to humans.
Some are flammable and most can cause water and air pollution if not handled properly. Toxic
chemicals in paint strippers may include methylene chloride (also called dichloromethane, or
DCM), methyl ethyl ketone (or 2-Butanone), acetone, toluene, methanol, N-methylpyrrolidone
(NMP), or xylene. There are some less environmentally damaging and less hazardous paint
strippers available on the market.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted to establish whether
or not disposal of used paint strippers is subject to hazardous waste
regulations [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011]. A hazardous waste
determination must also be conducted on any materials used to clean up a
spill. Manage waste accordingly.
Best Management Practices:
Use
alternatives
Reduce
leftovers
Reduce
evaporation
Reduce spills
Educate and
train
employees
q Consider alternatives to chemical paint stripping depending on the
characteristics of the surface being stripped, the type of paint being
removed, and the volume and type of waste produced. Alternatives include
scraping, sanding, and/or abrasive blasting. Use a heat gun to remove paint
and varnish where appropriate.
q If paint strippers must be used, use soy-based or water-based products
which are less hazardous.
q Use only the minimum amount of paint stripper needed for a job.
q Prevent evaporation by using tight fitting lids or stoppers. Reducing
evaporation protects air quality, saves product and money.
q Reduce the chance of spills during transport by storing unused paint
stripper where it's used most in the shop. Place the product on an
impervious base.
q Encourage careful use by informing all workers and operators of the
hazardous nature of solvents and the purchasing and recycling costs.
q Train employees to use less paint stripper, to properly store new and used
paint strippers, to use wise clean-up procedures, and to prevent leaks and
spills.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Abrasive Blasting section and Scraping and Sanding section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 89
Prepping and Painting Boat Bottoms
Antifouling Paint
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Most antifouling paint contains elemental copper, cuprous oxide (a copper compound), or tinbased compounds (tributyl tin) that kill organisms attempting to attach to a painted surface. By
design, antifouling paints are toxic to marine life and can be absorbed by fish and shellfish.
Concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) as low as a few parts per trillion have caused abnormal
development and decreased reproductive success in oysters, clams, and snails (EPA, 1993). The
toxins in antifouling paints enter the environment through spillage, sanding, sand blasting, or
scraping. Antifouling paint chips left on the ground or driveway can be transported into the water
by stormwater runoff. The toxicants in antifouling paint can be passed up the food chain from
mussels and worms to fish, birds, and humans.
Legal Requirements:
No TBT on
vessels < 25m
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
Abrasive blast
media
q The use of anti-fouling tributyltin (TBT) containing paints is prohibited on
vessels less than 25 meters (82 feet) in length. Vessels with aluminum
hulls, which quickly corrode from cuprous oxide antifoulant coatings, are
also allowed to use TBT [Organotin Antifouling Paint Control Act 33 U.S.C. 2401].
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted to establish whether
or not disposal of traditionally used antifouling paints, in solid or liquid
form, is subject to hazardous waste regulations [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR
340-102-0011]. A hazardous waste determination must also be conducted on
any materials used to clean a spill.
q Abrasive Blast Media Containing Pesticides (such as TBT paint chippings)
must be handled as special waste. This waste may be disposed of at a solid
waste landfill if the site meets the design criteria of 40 CFR 258.40 for
new municipal solid wastes landfill units [OAR 340-093-0190 (0].
Best Management Practices:
Use alternative
products
Don't use in
fresh water
q Switch to long-lasting, low-toxicity antifouling paint.
q Recommend antifouling paints containing the minimum amount of toxin
necessary for the expected condition to your customers. Stock only those
in the ship store.
q Stay informed about antifouling products, like Teflon, silicone, polyurethane, and wax that have limited negative impacts. Pass on the information
to your customers.
q Discourage use of antifouling paint on boats kept in fresh water.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 90
Non-moored
boats
Sanding
Mix away
from water
Use drip pans,
tarps, and
sheeting
Weight tarp
bottoms
Reduce
leftovers
Reuse solvents
Prohibit inwater bottom
cleaning
q Recommend that boats that are rack stored or trailered use alternatives to
antifouling paint such as polyurethane, bottom wax, or non-metallic
epoxies, since antifouling paint is not necessary for boats that are not
continuously in the water.
q Use dust-collecting sanders when sanding anti-fouling paint.
q Sandblasting is not recommended for removal of antifouling paint.
q Sweep and collect paint chips (don't hose) immediately after scraping or
sanding.
q Mix paints and solvents away from the water and prevent dripping into the
water. Avoid mixing paint or cleaning brushes on open floats or other
structures over the water.
q Use drip pans, tarps, and sheeting to contain droppings and spilled
materials. Drip pans should be used for all paint mixing, solvent transfer,
or equipment clean up operations unless the operations are conducted in
controlled areas away from storm drains, surface waters, shorelines, piers,
docks, or floats.
q Weight the bottom edges of tarps and plastic sheeting to keep them in
place.
q Mix only enough paint necessary for a job.
q Save excess or unused antifouling paint for future uses.
q Reuse solvents and thinners by draining the clean product off the top once
solids settle out.
q Prohibit in-water bottom cleaning, hull scraping, or any process that occurs
underwater that could remove antifouling paint from the boat hull. It is
impossible to treat what's cleaned from the boat bottom.
q If in-water bottom cleaning is allowed, require that customers or
contractors use only soft sponges to clean marine growth and use stainless
steel pads or brushes only on unpainted metal areas (never on bottom
paint). Colored plumes of paint in the water near underwater cleaning
activity should not occur.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Abrasive Blasting section for sandblasting information.
Scraping and Sanding section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 91
Hull and Topside Painting
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Hull and topside paints may be toxic and inhalation may cause cancer. If spilled, they may
harm aquatic life and water quality. Additionally, the fumes released by some paints can
contribute to air pollution.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
Paint can
residue
Report spills
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted on painting wastes
and any materials used to clean up spilled paint to establish whether or not
their disposal is subject to hazardous waste regulations [RCRA; 40 CFR
262.11; OAR 340-102-0011].
q Paint cans and other containers that have residues of hazardous (e.g., oilbased) paints must be handled as hazardous waste unless they have been
"emptied," which means:
n Drained of all material that can be removed from them by normal
methods (e.g., pouring or pumping), AND
n No more than one inch (or 3% by weight) of residue remains in the
container [40 CFR 261.7].
q "Emptied" containers of hazardous paints and those that have dried out
residues of non-hazardous (e.g., latex) paints may be recycled as scrap
metal, or disposed of in the regular trash.
q If paint or varnish that is discharged into the navigable waters of the state
causes a visible sheen, report the spill to the National Response Center at
(800) 424-8802 [ j311 of the Clean Water Act; 33
USC 1321].
est Management Practices:
Storage
Leftover paint
In-water
painting
q Store all paint in a centralized, covered area. Return all unused paints to
that area and immediately and properly manage empty containers.
q Avoid the problem of having leftover paint by mixing only as much paint
as is needed for a given job.
q Consider sharing leftover paints with customers or setting up an exchange
area for customers to swap unused items. Contact DEQ Technical
Assistance to ensure a leftover paint swap area does not change your
hazardous waste generator status.
q Limit in-water painting to interior surfaces and brightwork, where paint
materials and spills can be contained and prevented from entering the
water. Do not allow in-water hull scraping or any process that occurs
underwater to remove paint from the boat hull.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 92
Small
containers
Designate area
Use tarps
Use drip pans
Use alternative
products
Use brushes
and rollers
Reuse solvents
Spills
q Although it is not advised to conduct painting while the boat is in the
water, if it must be done, transfer the paint to the vessel in a small (less
than one gallon), tightly covered container. Small containers mean small
spills.
q Designate an upland area for debris-producing maintenance activities such
as sanding and painting.
q Do as much work as possible away from the water, including mixing
paints and/or cleaning brushes.
q Use tarps or drop cloths to collect drips. Weight the bottom edges of tarps
and plastic sheeting to keep them in place.
q Use drip pans for all paint mixing, paint transfer, and/or equipment clean
up.
q Material captured in drip pans should be used or returned to their original
container if possible.
q Use low-VOC, high solids content, and water-based paints and surface
preparation products instead of traditional paints and primers.
q Encourage the use of non-toxic, high bonding, and easily cleaned hull
coatings.
q Use brushes and rollers instead of paint sprayers whenever possible, since
paint spraying is potentially more wasteful and more harmful to the
environment.
q Reuse solvents and thinners by draining the clean product off the top once
solids settle out.
q Contain and clean up spilled paint or varnish immediately.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix E and Spills section for spill reporting requirements and actions.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Paint Spraying section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 93
Abrasive Blasting
Potential Environmental Impacts:
In abrasive blasting, sand, glass or plastic bead, walnut shells, metal shot or grit, sodium
bicarbonate, or dry ice pellets are used with air pressure or water pressure to remove paint.
Traditional abrasive blasting of large boat hulls is a messy job resulting in many hundreds of
pounds of spent abrasive mixed with bottom paint. While the abrasive can be relatively cheap,
the labor is costly and the potential environmental impacts are large.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
Abrasive blast
media
Fugitive
emissions
q You must determine if your blasting wastes are hazardous [RCRA; 40 CFR
262.11; OAR 340-102-0011] and manage accordingly.
q Abrasive Blast Media Containing Pesticides (such as TBT paint chippings)
must be handled as special waste. This waste may be disposed of at a solid
waste landfill if the site meets the design criteria of 40 CFR 258.40 for
new municipal solid wastes landfill units [OAR 340-093-0190 (0].
q Emissions causing a nuisance or resulting in particulate fall-out on
neighboring properties or into state waters are prohibited [OAR 340-2080300].
Best Management Practices:
Use
alternatives
Containment
and location
Blast on nonwindy days
Waste storage
Recycle blast
media
q Consider alternatives to abrasive blasting on-site, such as dustless sanders
or contracting the work off-site.
q If abrasive blasting must be done, perform it within well-ventilated spray
booths or plastic tarp enclosures away from the water to minimize the
spreading of dust and windblown material, and to prevent residue from
being carried into surface waters.
q Prohibit uncontained blasting in the marina.
q If tarp enclosures are used, avoid blasting on windy days. Because tarps
are not rigid, they do not eliminate wind flow through the blasting area,
and so they allow the wind to carry blasting material and residue into
surface waters.
q Store spent sandblasting grit, scrapings, and debris under cover in a
manner that minimizes contact with process water or stormwater.
q Recycle used blast media. Investigate companies that recycle used blast
media into new media or other products.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 94
Paint Spraying
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Paint spraying has potential air and water quality impacts. Most paints contain volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) that evaporate quickly and are ignitable. Many paints are also toxic. When
released to the atmosphere, VOCs combine with combustion emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO)
to form ground level ozone, which damages lungs and degrades many materials. Marine paint
may be toxic to aquatic and marine life.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q You must determine if your painting wastes (including leftover paints,
spray gun solvents, and rags), or any materials used to clean a spill, are
hazardous [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011] and manage accordingly.
Best Management Practices:
Use brushes
and rollers
Location
preferences:
Shipyard
Inside
Inland with
sheeting
Covered slips
with sheeting
Use high
transfer
efficiency
equipment
Alternative
products
q Whenever possible, use brushes and rollers instead of paint sprayers since
paint spraying is potentially more wasteful and more harmful to the
environment than applying paint by hand.
q Avoid unprotected paint spraying. Paint spraying may be conducted (in
order of preference):
1. Inside of commercial shipyard facilities that are designed for this
activity;
2. Inside designated structures with ventilation and filter systems;
3. At designated shore-side areas away from open water, with temporary
structures or plastic sheeting provided to minimize the spreading of
overspray; or
4. In covered slips, with tarps and sheeting installed with a tight seal
between the vessel being worked on and the floats or walkway surface.
Be sure to remove the protective sheeting with care to prevent loss of
accumulated waste material into the water.
q Prohibit paint spraying on the water without protective sheeting.
q Use spray equipment with high transfer efficiency. Paint guns used in
spray booths should be either High Volume Low Pressure (HVLP) or High
Efficiency Low Pressure (HELP), which are rated at 65% efficient paint
transfer. HVLP guns can reduce overspray by 25% to 50%. Electrostatic
spraying also requires less pressure, produces little overspray, and uses
relatively little paint.
q Encourage the use of non-toxic, high bonding, and easily cleaned hull
coatings.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 95
Non-windy
days
Reduce
leftovers
Reuse solvents
Paint gun
cleaning
Solvent
disposal
q If spraying outdoors with protective sheeting, avoid working on windy
days when controlling the protective covering and the paint spray is
difficult.
q Limit the amount of leftover paint and decrease solvent use by using a
smaller paint spray gun cup.
q Reuse solvents and thinners by draining the clean product off the top once
solids settle out.
q Clean paint guns in an enclosed gun cleaner and capture all solvents.
q Spent paint gun solvent must be treated as hazardous waste and should
never be discharged into drains or onto the ground.
q Solvents should be recycled either in an onsite distillation unit or by a
permitted recycling facility.
q Evaporation of waste solvent or waste solvent-based paint constitutes
illegal disposal of hazardous waste.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 96
Compound Waxing
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Whether a hull is slightly oxidized or heavily oxidized and stained or whether a one or two-steps
process is required to improve the luster of the hull, there are few environmental impacts from
compounding and waxing a hull. Basic pollution prevention techniques and proper management
of the substances used to restore fiberglass hulls will help keep waxes and cleaners out of the
environment.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination q
Most stain removers, rubbing compounds and waxes are not hazardous
materials, although some have hazardous constituents. If any of the
products you use contain hazardous ingredients, you must determine if the
waste materials that are generated are hazardous [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR
340-102-0011] and
manage accordingly.
Best Management Practices:
Use nonhazardous
Location
q Check all product Material Safety Data Sheets and purchase those that are
non-hazardous.
q If possible, use phosphate free, biodegradable and non-toxic soap when
prepping a hull. When removing tough stains, use only as much stain
remover as necessary, or use a more abrasive rubbing or polishing
compound.
q Conduct compounding and waxing away from the water.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 97
Varnishing
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Spills of oil-based varnishes may be detrimental to the marine and aquatic environment. Since
they are petroleum-based, spills may have similar impact as oil spills. Chemicals in varnishes can
be highly flammable and potentially harmful to human health.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q Many varnishes are composed of hazardous materials. You must determine
if your waste varnish is hazardous [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011].
A hazardous waste determination must also be conducted for any materials
used to clean a spill. Manage hazardous waste accordingly.
Best Management Practices:
Reduce
leftovers
Use
alternatives
Clean up spills
appropriately
q Avoid the disposal problem of leftover varnish by mixing only as much as
is needed for a given job.
q Consider sharing leftover varnishes with customers or setting up an
exchange area for customers to swap unused items.
q Use less hazardous, water-based varnishes that pose less of a threat to
human health or the environment.
q In case of spills of varnish on land, use absorbent material to clean it up
and collect any contaminated soils.
q Spills in waterways should be contained and mopped up with booms or
pads that repel water but absorb petroleum.
q Do not use soaps or detergents to clean up spills. They spread out the
problem rather than helping and the detergent is toxic to marine life.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Spills section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 98
Teak Refinishing
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Teak cleaners that contain acids and caustics can be toxic to marine life when spilled in the
water.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted for spent teak cleaner
and for any materials used to clean a spill [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340102-00111. Manage accordingly.
Best Management Practices:
Use alternative
products
Use dustless
sander
Location
q Avoid teak cleaners containing acids (such as phosphoric acid or oxalic
acid) or those labeled "caustic, corrosive, or acidic."
q Clean teak with a mild, phosphate-free detergent with bronze wool, if
possible.
q If sanding teak, use a dustless or vacuum sander.
q If possible, conduct teak refinishing in upland maintenance area. If not
possible, use safer cleaners and avoid flushing excess teak cleaner and teak
oil into the marina basin.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 99
Fiberglassing
Potential Environmental Impacts:
The processes involved in fiberglassing, whether using epoxy, polyester, or vinylester resins for
small or big jobs, can have environmental impacts. Some of the materials used in the
fiberglassing process can be dangerous to workers. Some resins, catalysts and the solvents used
for cleanup can be flammable, irritate the skin and respiratory system, and may cause cancer.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
q Styrene, the primary component of gelcoat and other polyester resins, is an
ignitable chemical. Therefore, cans or containers of waste resins may be
regulated as ignitable hazardous waste. Certain hardeners and accelerators
may also be regulated as hazardous waste [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340102-0011].
Hazardous
waste storage
>10,000 lbs
Hull or deck
manufacture
q Chlorinated solvents and the rags used to apply them must be managed as
hazardous waste [RCRA; 40 CFR 262.11; OAR 340-102-0011].
q If you store over 10,000 pounds of any hazardous substance requiring an
Material Safety Data Sheet (such as a solvent), you must comply with the
reporting requirements under Emergency Planning and Community Rightto-Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA) [40 CFR 355].
q If you manufacture hulls or decks for recreational boats made from
fiberglass or aluminum and emit 10 tons or more per year of any one
federally designated hazardous air pollutant (HAP) like styrene, toluene, or
xylene, and/or 25 tons or more per year of all HAPs combined, several
EPA air emission standards must be followed [40 CFR 63, Subpart VVVV].
Best Management Practices:
Minimize
waste
No liquid
hardener in
trash
q Minimize waste by working with small batches of resin.
q Avoid putting liquid hardener in the trash, since it can spontaneously
combust when mixed with sawdust and other materials.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix A for hazardous substance management information.
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Rags and Oil Absorbent Pads section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 100
TAB 7: Emergency Planning
Emergency Planning Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
103
Page 101
Emergency Planning
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Being adequately prepared for emergency action can potentially reduce the overall
environmental impact of a spill, fire, or other event.
Legal Requirements:
SPCC Plan
Hazardous
waste
contingency
plan
NFPA
Storage of
quantities of
hazardous
materials
q You need to prepare a Spill, Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure
(SPCC) Plan, which outlines a facility-wide plan to prevent and clean up
oil and gasoline spills [Clean Water Act, 40 CFR 112] if your facility stores gas
or oil:
1. Above-ground in any size tank(s) with a total aggregate volume over
1,320 gallons (containers of less than 55 gallons and/or permanently
closed storage tanks are exempt from the total); or
2. In underground storage tanks with total capacity greater than 42,000
gallons (unless the tanks are compliant with the state requirement for
UST5)
q If your facility is a Large or Small Quantity Generator of hazardous waste,
you must prepare a hazardous waste contingency plan [40 CFR 262.34].
q If you have a marine service station, you must design and manage it to
prevent spills, fire, and other dangers as required in the National Fire
Protection Association's (NFPA) Automotive and Marine Service Station
Code (NFPA 30A). These requirements are adopted locally. Check with
your municipal fire marshal for local requirements.
q If you store hazardous materials in quantities above certain threshold
amounts, you must report storage of that substance under the Emergency
Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 [42 USC 11001, and 42
CFR 355].
q Keep copies of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all hazardous
substances used at your facility [Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 USC
Section 657].
Report spills
q Any spill or release of petroleum that results in a sheen on the waters of the
state or a release of oil onto the ground surface of 42 gallons or more must
be reported immediately to the:
1. Oregon Emergency Response System (OERS) at 1-800-0ILS-911 (or
1-800-452-0311) [OAR 340.142; ORS 466.652] and
2. National Response Center at 1-800-424-8802 [Section 311 of the Clean
Water Act; 33 USC 1321].
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 103
Best Management Practices:
Assess hazards
Spill response
kits:
Convenient
location
Kit materials
q Assess potential hazards at your facility, both manmade (fuel spill or fire)
and natural (tsunami or earthquake).
q Store spill containment and control materials in a clearly marked location,
readily accessible to work and storage areas.
q The spill response kits should include:
1. Absorbent pads and booms (small and large)
2. Empty sandbags
3. Sewer pipe plugs
4. Dry absorbent
5. Square end shovels
6. A pry bar
7. Curtain boom (long enough to span the mouth of the marina and to
completely encircle the largest vessel in moorage)
8. Drain covers
9. Fire extinguishers, and
10. A copy of the facility's spill contingency plan.
Emergency
response
plans:
Site plan
Hazardous
materials
Designate staff
actions
Marina
spokesperson
Emergency
numbers
Actions to be
taken
Other help
Update plan
Train
employees
0
Develop emergency response plans that include written procedures for
action addressing potential emergency situations.
Keep the plan in an accessible location.
Emergency response plans should:
1. Include a site plan of the facility, showing valves, pipes, tanks,
structures, roads, hydrants, docks, power and fuel shutoffs, hazardous
material storage locations, telephones, and location of emergency
response materials.
2. Describe the type, amount, and location of hazardous and potentially
hazardous materials stored on-site.
3. Identify which staff member will take what action in the event of an
emergency.
4. Designate one person as the spokesperson for the marina.
5. Include a list of emergency phone numbers for:
o USCG National Response Center –1 (800) 424-8802 [for spills]
o Oregon Emergency Response System –1 (800) OILS-911
or 1 (800) 452-0311
o Local fire and police
o Facility owner
o Local harbormaster
o Neighboring marinas that have emergency response equipment
o Spill response contractors
6. List and describe actions to be taken during an emergency and, based
on likely threats, what equipment should be deployed.
7. Indicate when additional resources should be called for assistance.
Update the emergency response plan as necessary each year.
Review the emergency response plan with employees and train them on
proper use of containment material.
Inform local fire department and harbormaster of your emergency
response plan.
Inform others
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 104
Spill
contingency
plan
Severe
weather
checklist
q Develop an oil spill contingency plan, even if you are not required by law
to prepare an SPCC Plan. A spill contingency plan and emergency
response plan can be combined into one document.
q The plan should identify:
1. Potential spill sources
2. Oil and hazardous materials used or stored in the area
3. Spill prevention measures (e.g., security, inspection, containment,
training, equipment), and
4. Spill emergency procedures, including:
a. Contact information of marina personnel qualified to lead
spill response efforts.
b. Notification and spill containment measures.
q Develop an action checklist for severe weather. Preparations to reduce
environmental risks include securing all dumpsters, removing or securing
all objects that could potentially blow or wash away, and securing
waterside sewage pumpouts and/or dump stations.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix A for hazardous substance management information.
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix E for state and federal spill reporting requirements.
Spills section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 105
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 106
Appendices
Appendix A: Hazardous Substance Management 109
Appendix B: Hazardous Waste Management 117
Appendix C: Used Oil And Antifreeze Management 127
Appendix D: Boat Sewage Collection Devices 135
Appendix E: Spills 143
Appendix F: Stormwater General Permit 149
Appendix G: Ballast Water Management 155
Appendix H: Sample Contract Language
159
Appendix I: Summary Of Environmental Laws And Regulations 165
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 107
Appendix A: Hazardous Substance
Management
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA) 111
Reporting Hazardous Chemicals 112
Reporting Storage of Extremely Hazardous Substances 113
Accidental Release Notification 114
Toxic Release Inventory 115
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 109
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 110
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know
Act of 1986 (EPCRA)
[or Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA Title III)]
EPCRA [40 CFR 355] is a federal law, enforced by the federal Environmental Protection Agency,
managed by the state emergency response commission (SERC) and local emergency planning
committees (LEPC). EPCRA applies to storage and handling of hazardous materials (chemicals).
EPCRA requires that facilities report storage of certain chemicals above a certain amount to the
state and local authorities. This law is called both "EPCRA" and "SARA Title III". In this
section, it will be referred to as "EPCRA."
The principal reason for EPCRA is to provide planners, responders, and citizens with information
on the manufacture, use, and environmental release of potentially toxic chemicals in their
communities.
EPCRA has four major sections that require reporting to state and local authorities:
♦ Hazardous chemical storage reporting, or the "community right-to-know" requirements
(Sections 311-312)
♦ Emergency planning (Section 301-303)
♦ Emergency release notification (Section 304)
♦ Toxic chemical release inventory (Section 313)
This section provides a summary of EPCRA and is designed to guide you to determine whether
you might be required to comply.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 111
Reporting Hazardous Chemicals (EPCRA Section 311-312, or
"Community Right-To-Know Requirements")
EPCRA Section 311—List of Chemicals Form
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employers to keep
copies of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for each hazardous chemical available for
employees. Distributors are required to provide MSDSs for hazardous substances [29 CFR
1910.1200].
You must complete a "Section 311—List of Chemicals Form" if you have chemicals on site that
are required under OSHA to have MSDSs and you meet one of the following two conditions:
1. You store one or more substance listed as an "extremely hazardous substance" in quantities
equal to or greater than the listed "threshold planning quantity" or 500 lbs., whichever is
less [The list of extremely hazardous substances and their threshold planning quantities is
available in 40 CFR 355.30e(2)(1) or through the EPA website listed in the box below.]
OR
2. You store 10,000 pounds or more of any hazardous substance requiring a MSDS.
EPCRA Section 312 – Annual Tier II Reporting
If you are subject to the Section 311 reporting requirements described above, you must also
submit an annual "Tier II Emergency and Hazardous Chemical Inventory" form. The "Tier II
Emergency and Hazardous Chemical Inventory" form requires you to inventory your facility's
hazardous chemicals and identify their storage locations.
You must submit a completed Tier II report to the OR-SERC, AND the LEPC, AND your local
fire department each year by March 1.
What are marinas likely to report under the Section 311 and Tier II
reporting requirements?
You must report storage of gasoline, diesel fuel, propane or fuel oil (all of which require MSDSs)
in excess of 10,000 pounds. This does not include the fuel in boats dockside. Gasoline weighs
roughly 6.19 pounds per gallon, diesel weighs roughly 7.05 pounds per gallon, and propane
weighs roughly 4.23 pounds per gallon at 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
You must also report the sulfuric acid in lead acid batteries in excess of 500 pounds. The
average small boat battery contains approximately 5 pounds of sulfuric acid. You must also
report the lead in lead acid batteries in excess of 10,000 pounds. The average small boat battery
contains approximately 30 to 40 pounds of lead per battery. Note that this reporting
requirement applies to the batteries that you store before or after use on your facility, but not
the ones that boaters can physically move on and off their boats.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 112
Reporting Storage of Extremely Hazardous Substances
(EPCRA Section 302)
Section 302—Emergency Planning Notification Form
If you store any of 356 listed "extremely hazardous substances" in excess of the listed Threshold
Planning Quantity, you are required to complete a "Section 302-Emergency Planning Notification
Form" and submit it to the OR-SERC AND the LEPC within 60 days of when the substance
becomes present at the facility.
If you are required to file a "Section 302-Emergency Planning Notification Form," you must
also designate a facility emergency coordinator who will be the emergency contact person for
your facility.
What are marinas likely to report under the Section 302 reporting
requirements?
You must also report the sulfuric acid in lead acid batteries in excess of 1,000 pounds. The
average small boat battery contains approximately 5 pounds of sulfuric acid. Unlike the Section
311 and 312 requirements, this requirement DOES apply to the batteries on your customers'
boats.
In the unlikely event that you store chlorine in liquid or granular form (not tablets or powder),
you must report storage of 100 pounds or more.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 113
Hull and Topside Painting
Potential Environmental Impacts:
Hull and topside paints may be toxic and inhalation may cause cancer. If spilled, they may
harm aquatic life and water quality. Additionally, the fumes released by some paints can
contribute to air pollution.
Legal Requirements:
Make
hazardous
waste
determination
Paint can
residue
Report spills
q A hazardous waste determination must be conducted on painting wastes
and any materials used to clean up spilled paint to establish whether or not
their disposal is subject to hazardous waste regulations [RCRA; 40 CFR
262.11; OAR 340-102-0011].
q Paint cans and other containers that have residues of hazardous (e.g., oil-
based) paints must be handled as hazardous waste unless they have been
"emptied," which means:
n Drained of all material that can be removed from them by normal
methods (e.g., pouring or pumping), AND
n No more than one inch (or 3% by weight) of residue remains in the
container [40 CFR 261.7].
q "Emptied" containers of hazardous paints and those that have dried out
residues of non-hazardous (e.g., latex) paints may be recycled as scrap
metal, or disposed of in the regular trash.
q If paint or varnish that is discharged into the navigable waters of the state
causes a visible sheen, report the spill to the National Response Center at
(800) 424-8802 [§311 of the Clean Water Act; 33 USC 1321].
Best Management Practices:
Storage
Leftover paint
In-water
painting
q
Store all paint in a centralized, covered area. Return all unused paints to
that area and immediately and properly manage empty containers.
q Avoid the problem of having leftover paint by mixing only as much paint
as is needed for a given job.
q Consider sharing leftover paints with customers or setting up an exchange
area for customers to swap unused items. Contact DEQ Technical
Assistance to ensure a leftover paint swap area does not change your
hazardous waste generator status.
q Limit in-water painting to interior surfaces and brightwork, where paint
materials and spills can be contained and prevented from entering the
water. Do not allow in-water hull scraping or any process that occurs
underwater to remove paint from the boat hull.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 92
Small
containers
Designate area
Use tarps
Use drip pans
Use alternative
products
Use brushes
and rollers
Reuse solvents
Spills
q Although it is not advised to conduct painting while the boat is in the
water, if it must be done, transfer the paint to the vessel in a small (less
than one gallon), tightly covered container. Small containers mean small
spills.
q Designate an upland area for debris-producing maintenance activities such
as sanding and painting.
q Do as much work as possible away from the water, including mixing
paints and/or cleaning brushes.
q Use tarps or drop cloths to collect drips. Weight the bottom edges of tarps
and plastic sheeting to keep them in place.
q Use drip pans for all paint mixing, paint transfer, and/or equipment clean
up.
q Material captured in drip pans should be used or returned to their original
container if possible.
q Use low-VOC, high solids content, and water-based paints and surface
preparation products instead of traditional paints and primers.
q Encourage the use of non-toxic, high bonding, and easily cleaned hull
coatings.
q Use brushes and rollers instead of paint sprayers whenever possible, since
paint spraying is potentially more wasteful and more harmful to the
environment.
q Reuse solvents and thinners by draining the clean product off the top once
solids settle out.
q Contain and clean up spilled paint or varnish immediately.
Relevant Sections and Appendices:
Appendix B and Hazardous Waste section for hazardous waste management information.
Appendix E and Spills section for spill reporting requirements and actions.
Appendix F and Stormwater Runoff Management Practices section for stormwater
discharge information.
Paint Spraying section.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
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Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 116
Appendix B: Hazardous Waste Management
How to Determine if Your Waste is Hazardous 119
Preferred Disposal Options for Potential Hazardous Waste Streams 123
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
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Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 118
listing descriptions found in 40 CFR Part
261 Subpart D:
F-listed wastes: 40 CFR 261.31 lists
hazardous wastes from non-specific sources
(termed "F-listed wastes" after the F prefix in the
hazardous waste code). An example would
include F002 wastes—spent halogenated
solvents (e.g., perchloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, methylene chloride).
K-listed wastes: 40 CFR 261.32 lists
hazardous wastes from specific sources, such as
K062 waste spent pickle liquor generated by
steel finishing operations of facilities within the
iron and steel industry.
P- and U-listed wastes: 40 CFR 261.33 lists
discarded or unused commercial chemical
products, off-specification products, container
residues and spill residues of such products.
Examples of these wastes include the unused
commercial chemical products of mercury,
potassium cyanide, creosote and phenol.
2. If you determine if the waste is not a
listed hazardous waste, you must conduct
waste sampling and analysis, or apply
generator knowledge of the process of the
materials used to produce the waste to
determine if it exhibits any of the four
characteristics of a hazardous waste:
Ignitability: A waste is ignitable if it:
Is a liquid and its flash point is less than
140° F (60. C), or
Is an oxidizer or an ignitable compressed
gas as defined by the U.S. Department of
Transportation regulations in 49 CFR Part
173, or
It has the potential to ignite under standard
temperature and pressure, and burn
persistently and vigorously once ignited.
Wastes that are ignitable are classified as
EPA Hazardous Waste Code D001.
Examples of ignitable wastes include certain
spent solvents, such as mineral spirits.
Corrosivity: A waste is corrosive if it is:
Aqueous and its pH is less than or equal to
2.0 or greater than or equal to 12.5, or
A liquid that corrodes steel at a rate of more
than 1/4 inch per year.
Corrosive wastes are designated as EPA
Hazardous Waste Code D002. Examples of
corrosive wastes include spent sulfuric acid
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook and concentrated waste sodium hydroxide
solutions.
Reactivity: A waste exhibits reactivity if it:
Is normally unstable and readily undergoes a
violent change without detonating,
Reacts violently with water,
Forms potentially explosive mixtures with
water,
Produces toxic fumes, gases, or vapors when
mixed with water in a quantity sufficient to
present a danger to the environment,
Is a cyanide or sulfide bearing waste that
when exposed to a pH between 2.0 and 12.5,
produces toxic fumes, sufficient to present a
danger to the environment,
Is capable of detonation or explosive
reaction if it is subjected to a strong
initiating source or heated under
confinement,
Is readily capable of detonation or explosive
decomposition or reaction under at standard
temperature and pressure, or
Is a forbidden explosive or a Class A or
Class B explosive as defined in 49 CFR Part
173.
Wastes that exhibit the characteristic of
reactivity are classified as EPA Hazardous Waste
Code D003. Examples of reactive wastes
include pressurized aerosol cans and certain
cyanide or sulfide-bearing wastes.
Toxicity: The toxicity characteristic of a waste
is determined by having a laboratory analyze an
extract of the waste using the Toxicity
Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP).
The results of the analysis are compared to the
regulatory limits of 40 constituents, primarily
heavy metals, organic compounds, and
pesticides/herbicides found in 40 CFR 261.24. If
the extract from the TCLP contains levels of any
of the 40 constituents at or above regulatory
limits, the waste is considered a hazardous
waste. Wastes that exhibit the toxicity
characteristic are classified as EPA Hazardous
Waste Codes D004 through D043.
Examples of toxic wastes include contaminated
soils and sludges, waste solvents, paint residues,
wastes from chemical manufacturing and
pesticide/herbicide wastes.
Page 120
State-only hazardous wastes
Obtain a representative sample
If a solid waste is not excluded and is not a
Federal hazardous waste as listed above in A &
B, it may be an Oregon State-only hazardous
waste. Oregon Administrative Rule (OAR) 340101-0033 lists wastes that are State-only
hazardous wastes. State only hazardous wastes
include pesticide residues and mixtures of wastes
containing constituents of Federal P (3%) & U
(10%) listed wastes (see lists in 40 CFR 261.31
and 261.32).
A representative sample is defined as a sample
of a universe or whole that can be expected to
exhibit the average properties of the universe or
whole.
Waste sampling and analysis
Sampling and analysis of the waste may be
necessary to complete the determination. Waste
sampling and analysis, may be necessary when:
You begin a new process or change an
existing one;
You have not provided appropriate
laboratory information to an off-site
treatment, storage and disposal facility;
You are not able to determine with available
information the chemical makeup of your
wastestream;
An off-site hazardous waste facility has
reason to believe the wastes you shipped
were not identified accurately;
EPA amends RCRA waste
identification/classification rules; or
A facility receives your waste for the first
time.
Sampling and analysis of the waste is more
accurate and defensible than other options such
as using knowledge of process.
Procedures and equipment for obtaining and
analyzing samples are described in EPA's "Test
Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods" SW-846, 3rd
Edition.
DEQ recommends that you prepare a sampling
and analysis plan before sample collection and
testing. Chapters 1 and 9 of "Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
Methods" SW-846, 3rd Edition are excellent
sources of information on sampling and analysis.
Note: In making your determination, be sure to
include all applicable waste codes whether it is a
listed hazardous waste, characteristic hazardous
waste or a combination of both listed and
characteristic hazardous waste.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook A representative sample from each waste stream
is required to properly characterize a waste using
sample analysis. Methods for statistical
determination of a valid number of samples,
recommended sampling methods, sampling
strategies and applicable sampling equipment
also can be found in Chapter 9 of SW-846.
Generator knowledge of the process or
materials that produced the waste
Another method to use in your waste
determination is generator knowledge of the
waste. Generator knowledge can be used to meet
all or part of the waste analysis requirements,
and can be defined broadly to include "process
knowledge." Process knowledge may be
information on the wastes obtained from existing
published or documented waste analysis data or
studies conducted on hazardous wastes generated
by processes similar to that which generated
your waste.
For example, comparing the specific process that
generated your waste to those processes
described in the listings rather than conducting a
chemical/physical analysis of the waste identifies
listed wastes. Therefore, with many listed
wastes, generator knowledge is appropriate
because the physical/chemical makeup of the
waste is generally well known and consistent
from facility to facility.
Note: The use of existing or historical records of
analysis seems attractive as opposed to sampling
and analysis due to the potential cost savings
associated with using such information.
However, you must ensure that this information
reflects the current processes and materials
being used, and that no differences exist between
the process in the documented data and your
own.
If you use generator knowledge alone or in
conjunction with sampling and analysis, you
must maintain detailed documentation that
clearly demonstrates the information is sufficient
to identify the waste.
Page 121
Documentation used to support generator
knowledge may include, but is not limited to:
Material safety data sheets or similar
documents,
A thorough process description, including
data on all raw materials used in the process,
or
Other forms of detailed documentation.
Documenting both the generator knowledge and
any analytical data is essential. Information
used to make the waste determination must be
maintained for at least three years after the waste
is generated.
Note: Concerning Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDSs) manufacturers and suppliers are only
required to list constituents that comprise 1
percent or more of the material it addresses.
This level of information may not be adequate to
ascertain the constituent levels in the wastes to
be characterized. Therefore, an MSDS should
be viewed as a supporting document and not as
the sole means of documenting generator
knowledge.
Summary
Although DEQ recognizes that sampling and
analysis are not as economical or convenient as
using generator knowledge, they usually provide
advantages. Because accurate waste
determination is such a critical factor for
demonstrating compliance with the hazardous
waste regulations, misidentification can render
your facility liable for enforcement actions with
respect to land disposal restriction requirements,
annual reporting and other requirements. In
addition, accurate waste analysis is critical for
meeting some of the requirements of other
regulatory programs, such as effluent discharges
under the Clean Water Act and transportation
requirements administered by the Department of
Transportation.
Be sure to:
Keep current with the latest regulatory
developments in the hazardous waste
program that may affect the classification of
your waste; and,
Re-evaluate your wastes frequently using
current analytical methods and/or process
knowledge, particularly any time a rule
affecting hazardous waste identification is
finalized.
Need technical assistance managing
waste?
DEQ technical assistance is available:
Free on-site visits
Free telephone consultations
Hazardous waste training
DEQ technical assistance can help you:
Understand how hazardous waste
regulations apply to your business
Determine which wastes are hazardous
Complete reporting forms
Manage wastes better
Reduce disposal costs
Minimize the waste you produce
Determine what areas need improvement
If you would like DEQ technical assistance or
have any questions about your hazardous waste
determination responsibilities, visit our website
or please contact the DEQ field office nearest
you:
Bend (541) 388-6146
Medford ( 541) 776-6010
Pendleton (541) 276-4063
Portland (503) 229-5263
Roseburg ( 541) 440-3338
Salem (503) 378-8240
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 122
Preferred Disposal Options for Potential Hazardous
Waste Streams
PREFERRED
DISPOSAL OPTIONS
WASTE
If multiple options are listed, the first option (boldfaced) is the preferred method.
♦
Aerosol Cans
♦
Aerosol cans should be punctured in a safety device:
o
Collect the residue; manage as potentially hazardous waste.
o
Punctured empty cans may be recycled under the scrap metal exemption (if
your scrap recycler takes them).
Unpunctured cans are considered reactive waste and therefore should be
disposed of as hazardous waste.
Antifreeze:
♦
Recycle
♦
Propylene glycol (usually pink)
♦
♦
Hire a waste hauler to collect and dispose.
Ethylene glycol (usually green)
♦
Contact your waste hauler to confirm that
they will accept mixed antifreeze.
Batteries - Lead
•
Recycle. Store on an impervious surface, under cover. Protect from the
rain. Check frequently for leakage.
♦
Automotive batteries are exempt if recycled.
(encourage the use of maintenance
free batteries)
♦
♦
♦
Containers
Purchase an on-site recovery unit. Distillation systems are more expensive than
filtration systems but are more efficient at renewing used antifreeze.
• Paint cans
Other batteries should be labeled as universal waste.
If not recycled, batteries containing acid and heavy metals are hazardous waste.
Cans may be put in trash can as long as:
o
All material that can be removed has been. (For example, in a 55-gallon
drum, no more than 1" of residue remains on the bottom or inner liner.)
o
Containers that held compressed gas are at atmospheric pressure.
o
Containers that held acute hazardous waste have been triple rinsed with the
appropriate (as listed on the container) solvent. Properly dispose of the
solvent.
• Buckets
• Spent caulking tubes
Flares — Expired Distress Signals
♦
Encourage boaters to keep onboard as extras.
♦
Store in well marked, fire safe container. Use expired flares to demonstrate
to boaters how they are used. Be sure to notify the Coast Guard and fire
department ahead of time.
♦
Encourage boaters to bring flares to a local fire department or household
hazardous waste collection program.
If disposed of, the flares are hazardous waste.
Gasoline - Stale
♦
♦
♦
♦
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Add stabilizer in the winter to prevent gasoline from becoming stale, or add
octane booster in the spring to rejuvenate it. Use the fuel.
Mix with fresh fuel and use.
Transport as non-hazardous waste if picked by a fuel blender to be used as fuel.
Hire a hazardous waste hauler to collect and dispose of it.
Page 123
Glue and Liquid Adhesives
♦
Catalyze and dispose of as solid waste.
Kerosene
♦
Filter and reuse for as long as possible, then recycle.
Light Bulbs
♦
♦
• Fluorescent bulbs
• Mercury vapor lamps
• High-pressure sodium vapor lamps
• Low-pressure sodium vapor lamps
• Metal halide lamps
Recycle if you have more than a few.
These are considered universal waste if recycled. Label as universal waste and
insure that light tubes do not break.
If not recycled, these materials may be hazardous waste
♦
♦
Mineral Spirits
♦
Oil – Non-terneplated Filters
♦
Filter and reuse. (DO NOT add to used oil to be burned in space heaters)
If reuse not possible, then dispose of as hazardous waste
Puncture and completely hot drain for at least 24 hours. Recycle the oil
and the metal canister.
If you do not recycle the canister, double-bag it in plastic and place it in your
regular trash.
Oil – Quart Cans
♦
Drain completely and dispose in regular trash. They cannot be recycled.
Oil – Terneplated Filters
♦
Dispose of as hazardous waste (contains lead).
(used in heavy equipment and heavy-duty
trucks)
♦
♦
Oil – Used Absorbent Material
♦
♦
♦
♦
Oil – Waste Oil:
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
Engine oil
Transmission fluid
Hydraulic oil
If oil and diesel is adequately absorbed, discard in trash.
If it is saturated with gasoline, allow it to air dry and reuse.
Recycle with a registered used oil transporter.
Use waste oil for space heating in approved used oil burner
Take small quantities to household hazardous waste/CEG collection events.
Contact your waste hauler to confirm that they will accept mixed oil.
Gear oil
#2 Diesel
Kerosene
Paint Brushes
♦
Paints and Varnishes
Water-based:
♦
♦
♦
Allow to dry completely. Dispose in regular trash or, if paint contains heavy
metals above regulatory levels, treat as hazardous waste.
Latex
♦
Water-based
Oil/Solvent Based:
Oil-based
♦
Allow to dry completely. Dispose of in regular trash.
Dispose of as hazardous waste.
Water Based and Oil Based:
♦
♦
♦
Pesticide Containers
Use leftover material for other projects, i.e., as an undercoat for the next boat.
Encourage tenants to swap unused material.
Must be rinsed – use rinsate as makeup for next batch of pesticide if
possible or spray it out through sprayer.
Unrinsed containers are either hazardous waste or universal waste.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 124
Pesticides
♦
Use as product.
If disposed at a collection event or at hazardous waste facility unused pesticides may
be a universal waste.
Pressure Washing Residue
♦
Rags Soaked with Hazardous
♦
Substances
♦
Residue from Sanding, Scraping, and
Blasting
♦
♦
♦
♦
Dispose of as solid waste.
Use rag service and do not dispose of rags. Wring rags out over a waste
solvent collection container and keep in covered container until ready for
pickup by an industrial laundry. Dispose of the solvent that collects in the
bottom of the container as hazardous waste.
If rag service is not used, perform hazardous waste determination and dispose of
as hazardous waste if appropriate.
Evaluate this waste and document whether the residue is hazardous (e.g.
does not contain metals or toxins).
If it is not hazardous, dispose of as solid waste.
If it contains metals, it is a hazardous waste or special waste and must be
disposed of properly.
If it contains tributyl tin it is a pesticide and considered an Oregon State
Hazardous Waste.
Resins – Epoxy and Polyester
♦
Scrap Metal
♦
Recycle.
♦
Dispose of as hazardous waste.
Sludge Recovered from a Hazardous
Solvent
Sludge Recovered from a Non-
♦
hazardous Solvent
Solvents
♦
Paint and engine cleaners such as
acetone and methylene chloride
♦
♦
♦
♦
Catalyze and dispose of as solid waste as long as it dries hard and has no
free liquids and facility is a conditionally exempt generator (CEG) of
hazardous waste.
Let sludge dry in a well-ventilated area, wrap in newspaper, and dispose of
in garbage.
Reuse as long as possible and then recycle.
Consider a distillation unit for recycling solvents.
Use less toxic alternatives to avoid disposal issues.
Dispose of as hazardous waste.
DO NOT add to used oil to be burned in space heaters.
Used Bioremediating Bilge Booms
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
♦
Discard in regular trash as long as no liquid is dripping. Because the
microbes need oxygen to function, do not seal in plastic.
Page 125
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 126
Appendix C: Used Oil And Antifreeze
Management
Used Oil Management 129
Used Antifreeze Management 132
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 127
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 128
Used Oil Management
What is Used Oil?
Used oil includes used crankcase (engine) oil, used liquid and semi-solid gear, chain, and ball
bearing lubricants, and used hydraulic fluid. Materials that contain or are contaminated with used
oil can also fall under the definition of used oil, such as used oil filters, oily rags and wipers, used
absorbents, and oily wastewater.
Is it Hazardous?
Used oil is not considered hazardous waste unless it is mixed with a hazardous waste such as a
chlorinated solvent. If used oil has been mixed with a hazardous waste, see Appendix B for
management requirements.
How Should a Marina Manage the Used Oil it Generates?
Note that used crankcase oil, automatic transmission fluid, power steering fluid, and hydraulic
fluid are all considered used oil and can be mixed and managed together.
There are a few options for managing used oil. Two of the most common are collecting it, testing
it, and having it hauled away for recycling, or collecting it, testing it, and burning it in on-site
space heaters. If the used oil tests positive for hazardous constituents, it must be managed as
hazardous waste (see Appendix B).
If the used oil does not test positive for hazardous waste, it should be managed as follows:
1. Collect and store used oil in a secure collection tank or drum, separate from other wastes.
2. Dispose of the used oil by hauling or burning it:
♦ Contract with a permitted waste oil transporter to haul oil to a permitted
recycling facility
OR
♦ Burn the used oil in space heaters for energy recovery, i.e., to heat your shop,
providing the heater burns only used oil generated on-site or received from "doit- yourself' oil changers.
NOTE: Used oil heaters must:
1. Have a maximum design capacity of not more than 0.5 million
BTU's per hour; and
2. Vent combustion gases outside the building; and
3. Burn only used oil that you generate or that you have collected
from your do-it-yourselfer customers.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 129
What are the Requirements for Used Oil Storage in Tanks or Containers?
♦ Label the tank or container "Used Oil" [40 CFR 279.22(c)].
♦ Prepare a Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures (SPCC) Plan if you store more
than 1,320 gallons of used (or new) oil above-ground (containers of less than 55 gallons
are exempt from the total) [40 CFR 112.1]. See Appendix E for more information.
What are the Recommended Practices for Used Oil Storage in Tanks or Containers?
♦ Place the tank or container on an impervious base. If the tank or container is outdoors,
you must provide for secondary containment equal in volume to the capacity of the
storage tank. If the tank or container is indoors, no secondary containment, device, or
structure is required.
♦ Locate the tank or container in an aboveground area, preferably roofed, which will
prevent unauthorized access or vandalism and minimize the possibility of fire or
explosion and accidental release of oil to the environment.
♦ Lock the tank or container's fill spout when not in use.
♦ Visually inspect the tank or container on a regular basis for leaks or malfunctions.
Maintain written inspection records.
♦ Instruct all employees who handle used oil on the proper operation and management of
the oil storage area. Assign one person the responsibility for monitoring oil storage.
♦ Use kitty litter, saw dust, or a commercially available product to absorb oil from minor
spills.
♦ If providing a collection tank or container for used oil from your customers who do their
own engine maintenance, clearly label the tanks or containers to indicate the importance
that ONLY used oil be placed in the tank. Remember that you'll be responsible to pay for
disposal of used oil that is contaminated with hazardous waste.
♦ Keep records of used oil collection.
If a Marina Accepts Used Oil That Boaters Generate, How Should it be Managed?
Many marinas collect used oil from customers as a client service. Manage this oil in the same
way as oil generated by the marina itself.
It may make sense to separate the waste area where you are collecting wastes from boaters from
those generated by the marina, since you have more control over the wastes generated by your
staff than by your clients. Used oil contaminated with a hazardous substance is much more costly
to dispose of than unadulterated used oil. Educate your staff about the importance of keeping used
oil from being contaminated with hazardous substances.
If you collect customers' oil, remind boaters NOT to:
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
Mix used oil with antifreeze or hazardous waste, i.e. waste gasoline.
Burn used oil in residential boilers or space heaters.
Dump used oil overboard.
Pour used oil into sewers or storm drains.
Dump used oil on the ground; use it for weed control or to keep dust down.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 130
Can Used Oil Be Mixed with Diesel Fuel, as Recommended by the Manufacturers of Some
Diesel Engines?
The manufacturers of certain diesel engines recommend that you add used oil to your diesel fuel.
If you have a diesel engine of this type, you may mix your used oil with virgin diesel fuel
according to the manufacturer's instructions. However, up until the point that the used oil is
actually mixed with the diesel fuel, it must be handled exactly the same as any other used oil.
Please note that this exemption applies only to your used oil and only if it is used in your own
diesel engines. You may not add your used oil to diesel fuel that will be used in someone else's
diesel engines. You may also not accept used oil from someone else to put into your diesel fuel.
How Should Used Oil Absorbent Material Be Disposed?
Materials that contain or are contaminated with used oil can also fall under the definition of used
oil. The most common of these materials are used oil absorbent pads, rags and wipers, and
absorbents (such as kitty litter, speedi-dri, and absorbent pads).
Marina staff that produce waste oil absorbent material as a result of maintenance of marinaowned or customer's vessels in the marina's maintenance shop, must collect all used oil
absorbent material, test for hazardous constituents and transport either as hazardous waste or used
oil, depending on the test results. However, if the absorbents do not have free-draining oil and are
not going to be burned for energy recovery, they are no longer subject to regulation as used oil. In
this case, these soaked absorbents must have a hazardous waste determination and be disposed of
as hazardous waste (see Appendix B) or double-bagged and discarded in trash, as appropriate.
Boaters or marina staff doing work on customers' boats dockside can dispose of oil absorbent
materials generated while conducting maintenance by bringing the absorbent to a collection area
provided by the marina. Boaters can also take their waste oil absorbents to a household
hazardous waste collection facility for disposal. If the absorbent does not have free-draining oil
and no such collection area is available, boaters may double-bag it and dispose of it in the regular
trash.
Are There Any Other Requirements?
On-board air conditioning systems may also generate used oils that are contaminated with
refrigerants (such as freon). This type of used oil must be recycled for its freon content.
See section on "Refrigerants" for more information.
Spills of used oil (or any other petroleum liquids, chemicals, or hazardous waste) must
immediately be reported via the Oregon Emergency Response System (OERS) at 1-800-OILS911 or 1-800-452-0311 and to the National Response Center at 1-800-424-8802.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 131
septic system, the antifreeze may damage the
system by killing the microorganisms necessary
for waste decomposition.
Recycling used antifreeze is the
preferred option.
Not only is recycling the most environmentally
safe and responsible option, but it may also be
more cost efficient than disposing of the waste
and buying new product. Widely available
antifreeze recycling options include distillation,
ion exchange and filtration.
Used antifreeze may be recycled at the
generator's facility, or it may be transported to a
recycling facility for reclamation.
A hazardous waste determination must be made
on all wastes produced by the recycling process,
such as filters and sludges, produced by the
recycling process and the waste managed
appropriately.
Used antifreeze generated by household
do-it-yourselfers
Used antifreeze from households should be taken
to a hazardous waste collection facility or
collection event for proper recycling or disposal.
If you live in the Portland metropolitan area,
contact the Metro Recycling Information Center
at (503) 234-3000 for used antifreeze disposal/
recycling locations. If you live outside the
Portland metro area, contact the toll-free hotline
at 1-800-732-9253 for facilities that accept used
antifreeze for recycling or upcoming household
hazardous waste collection events. If collection
is not available in your community, contact the
local sewer district to see if disposal of small
amounts of used antifreeze to the sanitary sewer
is permitted. Never pour used antifreeze on the
ground, down a dry well or storm drain, or in
your septic system.
Used antifreeze recycling services
Emerald Services
(Vancouver, WA) (888)832-3008
Industrial Oils
(Klamath Falls) (541) 884-9124
MSE Environmental
(Washougal) (206) 767-7990
Oil Rerefining
(Portland) (800) 367-8894
Onyx Environmental Services
(Vancouver, WA) (360) 607-3097
Philip Services Corporation
(Washougal, WA (800) 547-2436
Romic Environmental / Antifreeze
Environmental Service Corp.
(Clackamas) (888) 242-8592
Safety Kleen Systems, Inc.
(Clackamas) (503) 655-5798
(Springfield) (541) 747-5804
Thermo Fluids
(Portland) (503) 788-4612
Univar, USA
(Portland) (503) 222-1721
For more information
For additional information on the management of
used antifreeze or hazardous waste, contact the
office nearest to you from the list at:
http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/hw/tuwrap/tuwr
ap-contacts.html.
Additional information is available at DEQ
Online at http://www.deq.state.or.us/.
Alternative Formats
Alternative formats (such as large type or
Braille) of this document can be made available.
Contact the DEQ Office of Communication and
Outreach for more information: (503) 229-5696.
The following companies recycle or dispose of
used antifreeze. This list is neither a DEQ
endorsement nor a guarantee that the used
antifreeze will be managed according to federal
or state regulations. It is not a complete list of
companies managing used antifreeze in Oregon.
Many of the companies listed also sell recycled
antifreeze. When choosing a management
company be sure that you know how the used
antifreeze is managed and recycled. Not all
companies claiming to recycle antifreeze
produce a useable recycled product that can be
used as a glycol feedstock or antifreeze product.
Unusable materials end up being disposed,
frequently in a manner that can adversely affect
the environment. It is the responsibility of the
generator to ensure their waste is managed
properly.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 133
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 134
Appendix D: Boat Sewage Collection Devices
Marine Sewage and Wastewater Disposal 137
Determining the Type of Sewage Collection/Disposal Required for Vessels 139
Determining the Number of Boat Waste Collection Devices for your Marina 140
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 135
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 136
However, DEQ does not require a continuous
connection to the hookup point.
Any discharge to Waters of the State from a
liveaboard's Type III MSD is a violation of both
state and federal law and the same discharge
rules for Type I and II MSDs apply.
DEQ encourages liveaboard owners to collect
and properly dispose of gray water.
Vessels
Recreational boats and commercial vessels that
contain internal plumbing must adhere to State
and Federal guidelines for proper disposal of
sewage and other wastewaters.
of any waste to Waters of the State, but Type I
and IIMSD discharges while underway are
exempt from this law by the Clean Water Act.
All other commercial vessel waste discharges
including gray water, bilge water, ballast water,
etc., are subject to Oregon law.
Placing a waste into Waters of the State is a
violation of ORS 164.785 and is a Class A
misdemeanor. Vessel bilge water cannot be
lawfully discharged to Waters of the State, even
if preceded by an oil-water separator. Bilge
water contains many other pollutants and
possible organisms other than petroleum
products. These contaminants would not be
affected by an oil-water separator.
Recreational Boat
For additional information
A recreational boat is a floating, self-propelled
boat or structure, with or without internal
plumbing, used principally or entirely for
transportation or recreation on the water. Boaters
are also prohibited from discharging sewage
wastes from a Type III MSD to Waters of the
State and the same rules for Type I and II MSDs
apply.
For more information about wastewater from
floating structures and residences, contact your
nearest DEQ office or visit our website:
DEQ encourages recreational boat owners to
collect and properly dispose of gray water.
Commercial Vessel
DEQ does not regulate Type I and II MSD
discharges from commercial vessels such as tour
vessels, restaurant ships, cruise ships,
commercial ships, tug boats, etc., while they are
operating or underway.
www.deq.state.or.us
For questions about Marine Sanitation Devices,
contact the United States Coast Guard:
www.uscg.mil
For questions about vessel wastewater
discharges other than from MSDs contact DEQ
or the Oregon State Marine Board:
www.boatoregon.corn
Alternative Formats
However, DEQ can and has regulated
(prohibited) gray water discharges that have
been deemed to be significant in volume or
concentration. Oregon Revised Statute (ORS)
468B.050 requires a DEQ permit for discharge
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Alternative formats of this document can be
made available. Contact DEQ's Office of
Communications & Outreach for more
information (503) 229-5696.
Page 138
Determining the Type of Sewage Collection/Disposal
Required for Vessels
Recreational Boats,
Houseboats
Liveaboards
(stationary)
Floating
Homes,
Boathouses,
Combos
Commercial Vessels
Operating in
Federal
Navigable
Waters
MSD Type I, II or III.
N/A
N/A
MSD Type I, II or III.
Operating in
Sole State
Waters
MSD Type III.
Moored in
State Waters
Type I or II discharge
allowed.
Type I or II discharge
allowed.
N/A
N/A
No overboard
discharge allowed.
MSD Type III.
No overboard
discharge allowed.
MSD Type III.
No overboard
discharge allowed.
MSD Type III,
upland restrooms,
or dockside
connection.
Dockside
sewage
connection
No overboard
discharge
allowed.
MSD Type III or
dockside sewage
connection.
No overboard
discharge allowed.
NOTE: The overboard discharge of sewage from a Type III MSD to Federal Navigable Waters or
to Waters of the State is ALWAYS PROHIBITED.
NOTE: Federal Navigable Waters are within 3 miles of the shore.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 139
Determining the Appropriate Number of Boat Waste
Collection Devices for your Marina
Instructions
Use Step 1 to estimate the number of boats with portable toilets and Type III holding
tanks present at your marina. Then use Step 2 with information from Step 1 to determine
the number of boat pumpouts or portable toilet dump stations appropriate for your
marina.
A.
If the number and type of boats with Type III MSD holding tanks and portable toilets
is known, skip to Step 2. Determine the total number of boats by overall length.
Include unoccupied slips by length of slip. Include all slips, annual and seasonal
boats, weekly and transient (guest) boats and houseboat units. Count liveaboards
separately. Use the boat length categories provided in the following example to keep
track of your count.
Example: The following table lists the number of boats in each length category and their
type moored at Marina X. These numbers will be used in Step 1B.
Table 1: Number of Boats at Marina X
Boat Length
Category
# of Annual, Seasonal
and Transient Boats
Less than 16 ft.
16 to 26 ft.
26 to 40 ft.
Over 40 ft.
50
100
100
20
10
10
10
B. To estimate the number of boats with portable toilets and Type III holding tanks in
your marina, use the following percentages. An example also follows.
Table 2: % of Portable Toilets and Type III Holding Tanks Based Boat Counts
Boat Length
Category
Less than 16 feet
16 to 26 ft.
26 to 40 ft.
Over 40 ft.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
0%
25%
0%
0%
0%
0%
75%
100%
Page 140
Example: Using the numbers provided from Marina X in Step 1A, one should expect to
find around 25 boats with portable toilets for annual, seasonal and transient boats (see the
following table). Do these same calculations for estimating the number of annual, seasonal
and transient boats with Type III holding tanks and repeat the calculations for liveaboards.
Table 3: Number of Boats at Marina X with Portable Toilets
Boat Length Category
# Boats x %
Less than 16 feet
16 to 26 ft.
26 to 40 ft.
Over 40 ft.
TOTAL
50
100
100
20
Portable Toilets -100 =
w/Portable Toilets
x 0 ÷ 100
=
x 25 4- 100
=
x 0 ÷ 100
=
x 0 ÷ 100
=
of Boats
0
25
0
0
25
To determine the total number of boat waste collection devices [portable toilet dump
stations and pumpouts (stationary or portable)] required at your marina use your boat
counts and the tables below.
A. Determine the number or devices needed for annual, seasonal and transient boats.
Note: Adjustments may be made to number of pumpouts required to account for any
dockside sewage connections, mobile pumpout service, etc.
Table 4: Number of Boat Dump Stations and Pumpouts REQUIRED for Annual/Seasonal and
Transient Boats
IF MARINA HAS
# of Boats
w/Portable Toilets
(actual count or
estimate from Step
1B)
less than 25
25 to 300
300 to 600
THEN:
# of Boat Dump
Stations. Required
MARINA HAS:
Itit oFl‘f
Boats w/Type
III HoldingTanks
(actual wpm or
estimate from Step
THEN:
# of Boat
Pumpouts
Required
None*
less than 25
None*
1
25 to 300
1
2
300 to 600
2
3 plus 1 for each
3 plus 1 for each
over 600
over 600
300 boats
300 boats
Only applicable to marinas with small numbers of boats with Type III MSD's that
jointly "share" (within 2 mile radius) a pumpout or dump station open for public use.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 141
Example: From Step 1, Marina X has estimated that they have 25 annual, seasonal and
transient boats with portable toilets. According to Table 4, they need at least 1 boat dump
station, but they still have to calculate the number of boat pumpouts needed for the annual,
seasonal and transient boats, and the number of dump stations and pumpouts needed for
the liveaboards.
B. Determine the number or devices needed for liveaboard boats
Note: Adjustments may be made to number of pumpouts required to account for any
dockside sewage connections, mobile pumpout service, restrooms, etc.
Table 5: Number of Boat Dump Stations and Pumpouts REQUIRED for Liveaboard Boats
IF MARINA HAS:
# of Boats
w/Portable Toilets
(actual count or
estimate from Step
1 B)
1 to 25
25 to 50
Over 50
THEN:
# of Boat Dump
Stations
Required
1
2
3 plus 1 for each
25 boats
IF MARINA HAS:
# of Boats w/Type
III Holding Tanks
(actual count or
estimate from Step
1 B)
1 to 25
25 to 50
Over 50
THEN:
# of Boat
Pumpouts
Required
2
3 plus 1 for each
25 boats
Add the numbers from Steps 2A and 2B for your total number of waste collection devices
required at your marina.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 142
Appendix E: Spills
Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure Plans 145
Your Role in Spill Response: What to Do if You Have a Spill 148
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 143
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 144
Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure Plans
The federal Clean Water Act requires facilities that store any kind of oil in certain volumes to
prepare and implement Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plans to prevent
the discharge of oil from a facility into navigable waters or adjoining shorelines. SPCC Plans
require that your facility have adequate containment, such as berms and dikes around
aboveground fuel tanks, to protect the soil and water in the event of a spill [40 CFR 112.11.
SPCC Plans are federal requirements administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA).
Does Your Marina Require a SPCC Plan?
Your facility needs to develop a SPCC plan if it does any of the following:
♦ Stores oil above ground in any size tank(s) with a total aggregate volume
over 1,320 gallons (containers of less than 55 gallons and/or permanently
closed storage tanks are exempt from the total); or
♦ Stores oil below ground in any size tank(s) with at total aggregate volume of 42,000
gallons (except for tanks that are compliant with the state requirement for Underground
Storage Tanks);
AND
♦ Could reasonably be expected to discharge oil to a "navigable water of the United States"
or "adjoining shorelines" considering a possible worst-case scenario. (This criterion
applies to just about every marina in the state, since a facility cannot take into
consideration any man-made impediments to the flow of oil.)
NOTE: "Oil" is defined in Section 311(a)(1) of the Clean Water Act as "oil of any kind or in any
form including, but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed with
wastes other than dredged spoil." EPA interprets this definition to include crude oil, petroleum,
and petroleum-refined products, as well as non-petroleum oils such as vegetable and animal oils.
NOTE: "Navigable waters" are broadly defined under the Clean Water Act and the Oil Pollution
Act to include all waters that are used in interstate or foreign commerce, all interstate waters
including wetlands, and all intrastate water including wetlands, sloughs, prairie potholes, wet
meadows, playa lakes, or natural ponds.
♦ A registered Professional Engineer, not the facility management, must make a
determination that a SPCC Plan is not necessary for a facility.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 145
What is an SPCC Plan?
A SPCC Plan outlines a facility's oil containment systems and procedures to prevent an oil spill.
It also outlines oil spill response and cleanup protocols.
Each SPCC Plan is site specific, but must address the following:
♦ Operating procedures that prevent oil spills;
♦ Control measures installed to prevent a spill from reaching the environment; and
♦ Countermeasures to contain, clean up, and mitigate the effects of an oil spill that reaches
the environment.
Who Writes an SPCC Plan?
The facility can prepare the plan but a Registered Professional Engineer must certify the plan.
Is There a Particular Form or Format for the SPCC Plan?
The EPA does not expect any two plans to look alike. However, at a minimum, all
plans must include:
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
Facility layout and drainage patterns;
List of all oil storage tanks and areas;
Quantities of oil that could be released, with predicted path of flow and flow rate;
Procedures for receiving oil from the supplier, transfer of oil within the facility, end point
uses of the oil, and waste oil disposal;
Effects of a spill at the facility, fire hazards, employee evacuation, customer/neighbor
considerations, press relations;
Capacity of required secondary containment devices;
Clean-up procedures, including use of in-house staff versus contractors;
Notification list – Name(s) and phone numbers of in-house management, remote
management, fire and police, municipal, state and federal agencies requiring notification;
Facility security for prevention of internal sabotage and external vandalism;
Employee training for spill prevention, oil handling, and spill clean-up; and
OSHA considerations.
Where Should the SPCC Plan be Located?
REQUIRED: A copy of the SPCC plan must be maintained at any facility manned at least 8
hours per day. For remote locations, the SPCC plan should be filed at the nearest field office. A
copy does not have to be filed with the EPA or any other agency unless it is a condition of a
permit or license held by the facility. However, the SPCC plan must be available during normal
business hours for review by an EPA inspector. The EPA requires that facilities submit a copy of
the SPCC plan to EPA Region 10 if a single spill of greater than 1,000 gallons occurs or if two
discharges of 42 gallons or more occurs within one year.
All employees must be made aware of the SPCC plan. It is highly recommended that you post
copies of the plan in plain view at oil storage locations.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 146
Does a SPCC Plan Need to be Reviewed and/or Updated?
♦ The plan has to be reviewed at least once every five years. You must keep records of
these reviews. An example of such documentation is "I have completed review and
evaluation of the SPCC plan for (name of facility) on (date), and will/will not amend the
plan as a result (signature)".
♦ The plan must be amended when:
o There are changes in facility design, construction, operation, or maintenance
that materially affect the facility's potential for the discharge of oil or
o There are two or more spills in 12 months or one spill of 1,000 gallons.
♦ A Registered Professional Engineer must certify only technical changes to the SPCC
plan. Non-technical amendments include personnel or contact information changes.
Who Cares if My Facility Does Not Have a Plan?
♦ Company management. Having measures in place to prevent spills is cost effective,
since spill cleanup can be costly. However, when a plan is in place, spill cleanup can be
more efficient, more effective and less costly than if there is no course of action.
♦ The U.S. EPA. The penalty of failure to have a SPCC Plan can be up to $27,500 per day
of violation (up to a maximum of $137,500) if an administrative action is filed. The EPA
performs random, unannounced inspections of facilities suspected of needing a SPCC
Plan.
If There is a Spill, What Could I be Held Responsible for?
♦ Removing the material from public property. Cleaning of highways, waterways, storm
drains, bridge abutments, etc.
♦ Removing the material from private property, such as boat hulls and parking lots.
♦ Paying for natural resources damages (lost parking receipts at public beaches; lost
revenues from fishing licenses; replacing killed fish, shellfish, and waterfowl).
♦ Paying for lost livelihood wages of fisherman and shell fisherman, devaluation of
property for sale. Private suits.
♦ Civil penalty for spilling into a water of the U.S.
♦ Criminal penalty if you fail to notify the federal authorities. State agencies and
contractors have no responsibility to notify for you.
For more information about the federal SPCC program, visit www.epa.gov/oilspill/spcc.htm.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 147
Fact Sheet
Your Role in Spill Response:
What to Do if You Have a Spill
You are responsible for the immediate cleanup of
your spill, regardless of the quantity involved.
The responsibility lies with the person who spills
the product, as well as the person owning or
having authority over the oil or hazardous
material.
•
You will then be asked to file a report to the
Department of Environmental Quality
(DEQ). The form is available at:
http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/documents/Spill
Reportform.pdf
Reportable spills include:
•
any amount of oil to waters of the state;
• oil spills on land in excess of 42 gallons;
• hazardous materials that are equal to, or
greater than, the quantity listed in the Code
of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 302
(List of Hazardous Substances and
Reportable Quantities), and amendments
adopted before July 1, 2002.
DEQ is responsible for ensuring that the cleanup
is done in a way that protects human health and
the environment. Oregon law also requires DEQ
to recover its costs in carrying out this
responsibility.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Move away or upwind from the spill if you
detect an odor and are unsure if it's safe.
Avoid contact with liquids or fumes.
Keep non-emergency people out of the area.
Wear protective clothing.
Control and contain the spill.
Clean up what you can immediately.
Contact DEQ to confirm the appropriate
disposal site for contaminated materials.
Remove the cleanup materials to a facility
(such as a solid or hazardous waste landfill
or recycling facility.) Save your receipts.
You may need them for documentation.
Continue with long-term cleanup.
Headquarters
Mike Zollitsch
811 SW 6th Avenue
Portland, OR 97204
Northwest Region
Mike Greenburg
Phone: (503) 229-5153
greenburg.michael@
deq.state.or.us
When you report the spill to OERS you will need
to provide basic spill information:
• type of oil or hazardous material
• quantity
• location of spill (land or water)
• names and phone numbers
•
Emergency Response
zollitsch.michael.j@
deq.state.or.us
Truck crash on Highway 20 at Bowers Slough. Contractors
work to control and contain the spill of dieseL
Actions to Take
State of Oregon
Department of
Environmental
Quality
Phone: (503) 229-6931
(800) 452-4011
Fax:
(503) 229-6954
Immediately report the spill or threatened spill to
the Oregon Emergency Response System
(OERS) phone number is 1-800-452-0311.
Some oil or hazardous material spills will require
a separate notification to the National Response
Center at 1-800-424-8802. The Web site at
www.epa.gov/oilspill/oilreqs.htm will provide
you with information necessary to determine if
you need to report to the federal system.
DE()
111144kt
DEQ's Role
Western Region
Wes Gebb
(541) 686-7838 x267
gebb.wes@
deq.state.or.us
Eastern Region
Mike Renz
(541) 388-6146 x231
renz.mike@
deq.state.or.us
Depending on the type and quantity of material
spilled, and the potential threat to people or the
environment, DEQ may choose to oversee the
cleanup. This oversight may take the form of
DEQ staff at the scene, phone contact, document
review or a combination of these. You are
responsible for these oversight costs, including
staff salaries, supplies, and equipment used. You
will normally be billed for DEQ costs within 45
days. However, additional charges, such as
lodging and transportation, may arrive later.
If you fail to clean up your spill, DEQ may
clean it up for you and is allowed by law to fine
you up to three times the cost of the cleanup, in
addition to the actual cost of the cleanup.
To Find Out More
The Emergency Response coordinators assigned
to each of DEQ's regional offices are listed in
the margin. You can also find out more about
DEQ's Emergency Response program by
visiting our web site at:
Last Updated: 8-04
By: Wes Gebb
DEQ 04-WR-010
www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 148
Appendix F: Stormwater General Permit
NPDES Storm Water Regulations Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook 151
Page 149
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 150
Requirements for Construction
Projects
Construction projects that disturb five or more
acres (one acre or more starting December 1,
2002) must have an erosion and sediment
control plan approved by DEQ or DEQ agent
prior to any on-site activities.
For more information on the application
procedure and permit requirements for
construction projects, please see DEQ's
guidance titled NPDES Storm Water
Regulations for Construction Projects
February 2001. Call DEQ for a copy or visit
http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/wqpermit/
Gen1200CGuidance.pdf.
How Much Does a Permit Cost?
Facilities under codes 24, 26, 28, 29, 311,
32, 33, 3441, and 373 with a few
exceptions. These codes generally
include: pulp and paper mills; timber
products; chemical manufacturing;
petroleum refining; rubber products;
leather products; stone, clay, and concrete
products; fabricated structural metal; and
ship and boat building and repair.
SIC codes 10 through 14 that generally
include mining and mineral extraction.
Hazardous waste treatment, storage, or
disposal facilities.
Landfills, land application sites, and open
dumps.
The fee for these permits is $560. You will
also be billed an annual compliance fee of
$275 for each subsequent year to maintain the
permit.
SIC codes 5015 and 5093 that include
facilities involved in recycling of material
including metal scrap yards, battery
reclaimers, salvage yards, and automobile
junkyards.
What is the Application Procedure?
Steam electric power generating facilities,
including coal handling sites.
All industries requiring a storm water permit
must apply immediately. Contact your local
DEQ office to obtain an application or visit
http://www.deq.state.orus/wq/wqpermit/
wqpermit.htm. The application for industrial
activities will ask for the following:
1. Latitude and longitude of your site
2. Description of site activities
3. Evaluation of your site for discharges
other than storm water
4. Site drainage map
5. Land use compatibility statement (LUCS)
signed by the local land use authority.
Regulated Activities
This list of activities is to help you in
determining if you need an NPDES storm
water permit. If you do not know your SIC
code, please check with your insurance
company or accountant. SIC codes are
typically used on their forms. You may also
contact your local DEQ office for assistance.
Facilities subject to EPA promulgated
storm water effluent limitations, new
source performance standards, or toxic
pollutant effluent standards. These
include fertilizer and pesticide
manufacturers, petroleum refining
operations, etc.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Transportation facilities with SIC codes
40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 and 5171 (except
4221-4225) that have vehicle maintenance
activities, equipment cleaning operations,
or airport de-icing operations.
Sewage treatment plants with a design
flow of one million gallons per day, or
plants that require an approved
pretreatment program.
Construction activities including clearing,
grading, and excavation activities that
disturb five acres or more of land (one or
more acres starting December 1, 2002).
Facilities under SIC codes 20, 21, 22, 23,
2434, 25, 265, 267, 27, 283, 285, 30, 31
(except 311), 323, 34 (except 3441), 35,
36, 37 (except 373), 38, 39, and 4221-25,
only if storm water is exposed to material
handling equipment or activities, raw
materials, intermediate products, final
products, waste materials, by-products, or
industrial machinery. These categories
generally include: food products; tobacco
products; textiles; furniture; drugs,
paper/paperboard products; miscellaneous
plastic products; printing; leather
products; fabricated metal products and
equipment; electronic equipment; and
certain warehousing and storage facilities.
Page 152
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 154
Appendix G: Ballast Water Management
Oregon Ballast Water Management Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
157
Page 155
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 156
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 158
Appendix H: Sample Contract Language
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 159
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 160
Sample Contract Language
The following text is based on the Marine Trades Association of New Jersey's Best Management
Pledge. The language may be incorporated into lease agreements. Contact the Oregon Clean Marina
Program at (503) 373-1405 for an electronic copy.
FOR TENANTS:
, understand that
(name)
(marina/boatyard)
subscribes to and enforces pollution prevention procedures. I further understand and agree that in
return for the privilege of performing work on a boat at this facility such as hull cleaning, washing,
sanding, polishing and/or painting; bottom cleaning, sanding, scraping, and/or painting; opening the
hull for any reason, e.g., installation of equipment or engine work; engine and/or stern drive
maintenance, repair, painting; etc., it is my responsibility to comply with, at a minimum, the
following pollution prevention practices. I understand that this list may not be complete and pledge
that I will exercise common sense and judgment in my actions to insure that my activities will not
deposit pollution residues in surface waters or elsewhere where they may be conveyed by stormwater
runoff into the surface waters. I understand that failure to adopt pollution prevention procedures may
result in expulsion from the marina/boatyard (insert name of facility) and forfeiture of rental fees. I
understand that I may elect to employ the facility to perform potential pollution producing activities
on my behalf in which case the responsibility for compliance with the best management practices is
entirely theirs.
Signed Date
FOR SUB-CONTRACTORS ONLY:
I understand and agree to have my proposed work first authorized by this facility and that I will
adhere, at a minimum, to the contents of this document. I further understand that because of the
nature of my proposed work, the facility may require that I be supervised by an employee of said
facility for which I will pay the normal existing labor rate.
Signed Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Date
Page 161
POLLUTION PREVENTION PRACTICES:
REPAIRS AND SERVICE (to hull and engine: painting, cleaning, washing, sanding, scraping, etc.)
1. Work on hulls and engines only in designated areas or use portable containment enclosures
with approval of marina management.
2. Use tarps and vacuums to collect solid wastes produced by cleaning and repair operations,
especially boat bottom cleaning, sanding, scraping, and painting.
3. Conduct all spray painting within an enclosed booth or under tarps.
4. Use non-toxic, biodegradable solvents.
5. Capture debris from boat washing and use only minimal amounts of phosphate-free, nontoxic, and biodegradable cleaners.
6. Use drip pans for any oil transfers, grease operations, and when servicing I/0s and outboard
motors.
7. Obtain management approval before commencing any repair which will open the hull. Clean
and pump bilges free of contaminated materials before and after repairs which open the hull.
8. Use spill proof oil change equipment.
VESSEL MAINTENANCE WASTE
1. Non-toxic residue of sanding, scraping, and grinding: bag and dispose of in regular trash.
2. Toxic and non-environmentally safe solvents and cleaning liquids: seek specific directions
from marina management or dispose of with licensed agency.
FUEL OPERATIONS
1. Install fuel/air separator on fuel tank vent line(s) to prevent overflow of fuel through vent.
2. Keep petroleum absorbent pad(s) readily available to catch or contain minor spills and drips
during fueling.
WASTE OIL AND FUEL
1. Recycle used oil and antifreeze.
2. Add a stabilizer to fuel tank in the fall or an octane booster to stale fuel in the spring. Use the
fuel or bring it to a household hazardous waste collection site.
3. Absorbent materials soaked with oil or diesel: drain liquid and dispose of in used oil
recycling container; double bag absorbent material in plastic and dispose in regular trash
receptacle.
4. Absorbent materials soaked with gasoline (flammable): air dry and reuse.
5. Bioremediating absorbent products: dispose in regular trash as long as no liquid is dripping.
Because the microbes need oxygen to function, do not seal in plastic.
6. Oil filters: drain and recycle the oil; recycle the filter or double bag and put in regular trash.
ONBOARD PRACTICES
1. Maintain oil absorbent pads in bilge. Inspect no less than annually.
2. Do not discharge bilge water if there is a sheen to it.
3. Use only low-toxic antifreeze (propylene glycol). Recycle used antifreeze (even low-toxic
antifreeze will contain heavy metals once it has been used).
SEWAGE HANDLING
1. Never discharge raw sewage within Maryland waters.
2. If you have an installed toilet, you must have an approved Marine Sanitation Device (MSD).
3. Do not discharge Type I or Type II marine sanitation devices within the marina basin.
4. Use marina restroom facilities when at slip.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 162
5. Do not empty port-a-pots overboard; use marina dump facility. Do not empty port-a-pots in
the restrooms.
6. Do not discharge holding tanks overboard; use pumpout facility.
7. If you must use a holding tank additive, use an enzyme-based product. Avoid products that
contain quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), formaldehyde, formalin, phenal
derivatives, alcohol bases, or chlorine bleach.
8. Liveaboards, place a dye tablet in holding tank after each pumpout out. The dye will make
any illegal discharges clearly visible.
ORGANIC WASTE
1. Clean fish only in designated areas.
9. Grind, compost, or double bag fish scraps (depending on the services offered by your
marina).
10. Walk pets in specified areas and dispose of their wastes, double-bagged, in the dumpster.
SOLID WASTE
1. Recycle plastic, glass, aluminum, newspaper, and used lead batteries (tailor this section to fit
your facility's practices).
2. Place trash in covered trash receptacles; replace covers.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 163
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 164
Appendix I: Summary Of Environmental
Laws And Regulations
Federal and State Agencies that Regulate Environmental Issues at Marinas 167
Federal Laws and Regulations 167
Environmental Permits and Licenses 169
Additional State Laws and Regulations 170
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 165
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 166
This section presents an overview of some relevant laws and regulations that apply to marinas
and boaters. The information presented in this section is not comprehensive. Some of these laws
and regulations are discussed in greater detail throughout this guidebook. In addition to the
environmental laws and regulations discussed below there may be local environmental codes or
requirements. When storing hazardous substances, please check with your local fire department
and building department regarding storage and handling requirements.
Federal and State Agencies that Regulate
Environmental Issues at Marinas
•
•
•
•
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for ensuring environmental
protection federally and delegates certain environmental compliance programs to the
state.
United States Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) builds structures for flood control,
manages hydropower structures, maintains navigation channels, is responsible for
dredging oversight, and is concerned with providing protection to wetlands and fish and
wildlife habitat.
United States Coast Guard (USCG) is an arm of the U.S. Department of Transportation
that protects the public, the environment, and U.S. economic interests. They are
responsible for responding to spills on the water and for enforcing regulations affecting
aquatic mammals.
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is dedicated to protecting
human health and the environment in the State of Oregon. DEQ is responsible for
administering delegated federal environmental laws and regulations regarding solid waste
disposal, water quality, and hazardous waste management discussed in the subsection
below entitled Federal Laws and Regulations. In addition, they administer the laws and
regulations unique to Oregon that are discussed in the subsection below entitled
Additional State Laws and Regulations.
•
The Oregon State Marine Board registers boats and provides boating safety education
•
and funding for recreational facilities associated with recreational boating such as launch
ramps, sewage pump-out stations, restrooms, and parking lots. They are the Clean
Marina Program lead agency.
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife is responsible for protecting Oregon's fish
and wildlife and their habitat.
Oregon Division of State Police is responsible for enforcing fish and wildlife laws and
responding to emergencies including fires and spill response.
•
Federal Laws and Regulations
Litter Laws on The Water
THE REFUSE ACT OF 1899
The Refuse Act of 1899 prohibits throwing, discharging, or depositing any refuse matter of any
kind (including trash, garbage, oil and other liquid pollutants) into the waters of the United States.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 167
ANNEX V OF MARPOL (MARINE POLLUTION) 1973, 1978
This international law prohibits dumping plastic refuse and garbage mixed with plastic into any
waters and restricts dumping of other forms of garbage. It is illegal to dump plastic, dunnage,
lining or packing materials that float, or any garbage within 25 miles of an ocean shoreline and in
U.S. lakes, rivers, bays, and sounds.
THE FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ACT (THE CLEAN WATER ACT)
The Clean Water Act prohibits the discharge of oil or hazardous substances into U.S. navigable
waters. All vessels greater than 26 feet must display a MARPOL placard outlining the garbage
dumping restrictions. All vessels over 40 feet must also have a written waste management plan on
board.
The use of soaps or other harmful dispersing agents to dissipate oil is prohibited [40 CFR 110.4].
Ports and terminals, including recreational marinas, must have adequate and convenient reception
facilities for their regular customers. That is, marinas must be capable of receiving garbage from
vessels that normally do business with them (including transients).
The Clean Water Act prohibits the discharge of oil or oily waste into or upon the navigable
waters of the United States or the waters of the contiguous zone if such discharge causes a film or
sheen upon, or discoloration of, the surface of the water. Discharges that cause a sheen on the
water must be reported to the Coast Guard's National Response Center (1-800-424-8802) and to
the Oregon Emergency Response System (1-800-0ILS-911 or 1-800-452-0311). Violators are
subject to a penalty of $5,000.
Sewage Laws on the Water
SECTION 312 OF THE CLEAN WATER ACT
All vessels with an installed toilet must have a certified Marine Sanitation Device (MSD)
attached. The direct discharge of sewage from a vessel is not permitted in virtually any inland
bodies of water. Most recreational boats equipped with an MSD will have a Type III MSD –
which is a holding tank. The holding tank cannot be emptied in waters of the United States.
Sewage pumpouts are available at Ports and large marinas. Larger vessels have Type I or II
MSDs.
NONPOINT SOURCE DISCHARGE
The Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 (CZARA) Chapter 5 sets out
pollution prevention guidelines for marinas and recreational boaters. CZARA provided the
impetus for the DEQ "Best Management Practices for Oregon Marinas" manual. The
Amendments require that nonpoint source pollution from marinas be contained.
Spill Plans
Under 40 CFR 112, any boating facility with an aboveground petroleum tank exceeding 660
gallons capacity, or aggregate aboveground petroleum storage greater than 1,320 gallons, or total
underground storage capacity greater than 42,000 gallons must have a Spill Prevention, Control
and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan. A professional engineer must certify that there is adequate
containment, training, and emergency response equipment to prevent spills and releases of oil.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 168
Hazardous Waste Regulations
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act requires businesses that generate waste to
determine if their waste is hazardous. This is referred to as making a hazardous waste
determination. Wastes that are ignitable, corrosive, reactive, toxic, or listed are considered
hazardous and face additional restrictions on disposal and management. Additional requirements
are in place for facilities that generate greater than 220 pounds of hazardous waste or 2.2 pounds
of acutely hazardous waste per month.
Used Oil
Under 40 CFR 279, used oil that is recycled is subject to less stringent regulations than hazardous
waste. Containers of used oil must be labeled "used oil." Spills of used oil must be cleaned up
immediately and wastes properly characterized and disposed. Used oil may be hauled off site for
recycling by registered used oil transporters.
Habitat Protection
The 1973 Endangered Species Act provides for the conservation of ecosystems upon which
threatened and endangered species of fish, wildlife, and plants depend, both through Federal
action and by encouraging the establishment of State programs.
Environmental Permits and Licenses
NPDES Permits
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits are required for industrial
wastewater discharges to surface waters and some stormwater discharges to surface waters not
otherwise covered by NPDES general permit. An NPDES permit is required for domestic
wastewater treatment facilities discharging to surface waters. Contact your local DEQ office for
additional information or to apply for a permit.
Stormwater
In 1990, the EPA implemented regulations requiring permits for stormwater discharges from
certain activities. The stormwater permit program requires that certain marinas classified with
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system number 4493 be covered by a National Pollution
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. Any marina or boat yard that performs boat
construction or rebuilding and has a defined stormwater outfall needs a stormwater permit.
Under the permit, marina operators must develop a stormwater pollution prevention plan and
implement best management practices to ensure that stormwater leaving the marina property will
not harm the quality of the surrounding waters. For additional information to apply for a permit,
contact your local DEQ office.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 169
Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)
The EPA requires state agencies such as the DEQ to calculate pollution load limits, known as
TMDLs, for each pollutant entering a body of water. TMDLs describe the amount of each
pollutant a waterway can receive and still not violate water quality standards. TMDLs take into
account the pollution from all sources, including marinas.
Section 404
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act requires that any applicant for a permit to conduct any
activity which may result in a discharge to waters of Oregon to obtain certification from DEQ that
the activity complies with water quality requirements and standards. Section 404 permits are
issued by the Army Corps of Engineers. In Oregon, projects in which the applicant will dredge,
fill, or otherwise alter a waterway will require a permit from the Oregon Department of State
Lands.
Additional State Laws and Regulations
Waste and Hazardous Waste
Abrasive Blast Waste Containing Pesticides that are not federally regulated as hazardous waste
are considered special waste under OAR 340-101-0040. The abrasive blast waste associated with
hull cleaning is subject to this regulation.
Water Quality
ORS 468B.025 Prohibited activities. No person shall: cause pollution of any waters of the state
or place or cause to be placed any wastes in a location where such wastes are likely to escape or
be carried into the waters of the state by any means.
ORS 468B.050 When permit required. Except as provided in ORS 468B.053 or 468B.215, no
person shall discharge any wastes into the waters of the state from any industrial or commercial
establishment or activity or any disposal system, without first obtaining a permit.
OAR 340-071-0140 requires persons who plan to build an on-site sewage disposal system to
obtain a construction-installation permit or a Water Pollution Control Facility Permit before
construction. On-site systems must obtain a WPCF permit if the system:
♦ Has a projected daily sewage flow greater than 2,500 gallons, or
♦ Handles sewage with a greater strength than residential wastewater, or
♦ Uses a technology identified by DEQ as warranting regulation.
General Permits
The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality issues general permits for certain activities
such as washwater discharges. Permit number 1700A is a NPDES permit for washwater
discharges to surface water and permit number 1700B is for washwater discharges to land.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 170
Sewage Collection
The document "Guidelines for Sewage Collection and Disposal for Recreational Boats,
Commercial Vessels and Floating Structures" (September 3, 1996, Oregon Department of
Environmental Quality and State Marine Board) discusses the type of marine sanitation devices,
discharges, and guidelines for determining the number of boat waste collection devices required
at marinas and moorages.
Solid Waste
Under OAR 340-093-0040 no person can dispose of or authorize the disposal of solid waste
except at a solid waste disposal site permitted or authorized by the DEQ to receive that waste.
Spills
OAR Chapter 340 Division 109 requires reporting spills of reportable quantities to the Oregon
Emergency Response, this includes any spill of oil causing a sheen to water or 42 gallons of oil
on land. There are specified spill reporting quantities for oil and hazardous materials that
facilities should be aware of. Reporting may be required to both state and federal agencies. The
OERS number is 1-800-452-0311. This rule also requires a person to clean up spills of oil and
hazardous material immediately, regardless of the quantity spilled.
ORS 466.652 requires any person owning or having control over oil or hazardous material who
has knowledge of a spill or release to immediately notify Oregon Emergency Management as
soon as that person knows the spill or release is a reportable quantity.
Air Quality
OAR Chapter 340 Division 264 regulates open burning. This division discusses general
prohibitions for burning petroleum products and hazardous materials and discusses restrictions on
demolition waste and commercial burning.
OAR 340-208-0200 sets out the rules for fugitive emissions.
OAR 340-208-0300 prohibits emissions causing a nuisance or resulting in particulate fall out on
neighboring properties or into state waters.
State and Federal air permitting and reporting requirements are discussed in OAR chapter 340
Division 210 thru 220.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 171
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 172
Additional Information
Select References 175
Contacts For More Information 177
Glossary of Terms 179
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 173
Select References
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection. 2002. Connecticut Clean Marina
Guidebook. Hartford, CT: Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection.
Department of Environmental Quality. Various Fact Sheets available 7/13/05 at:
http://www.deq.state.or.us/pubs/factsheets.asp#WQFS.
Department of Environmental Quality and Oregon State Marine Board. 1996. Guidelines for
Sewage Collection and Disposal for Recreational Boats, Commercial Vessels and Floating
Structures. Salem, OR: Oregon State Marine Board. Available 7/13/05 at:
http://www.boatoregon.com/PDF-Reports/liveaboard.pdf.
Florida Department of Environmental Protection. 2003. Florida's Clean Marina Program:
Working Together for the Future of Clean Water. Tallahassee, FL: Florida Department of
Environmental Protection.
Kretzschmar, R. 2002. Best Management Practices for Oregon Marinas. Oregon: Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality.
Maryland Department of Natural Resources. 1998. Maryland Clean Marina Guidebook.
Annapolis, MD: Maryland Department of Natural Resources.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 2003. Clean Marina Initiative.
Viewed 5/21/05 at: http://cleanmarinas.noaa.gov.
South Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR). 2002. Nonpoint Source Pollution
and Pacific Northwest Estuaries. Charleston, OR: South Slough National Estuarine Research
Reserve.
United States Commission on Ocean Policy (USCOP). 2004. An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st
Century: Final Report of the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. Washington, D.C.: USCOP.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1993. Guidance Specking Management
Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters. Washington, DC: EPA-840B-92-002. Viewed 3/17/05 at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/mme.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1996. Clean Marinas, Clear Value:
Environmental and Business Success Stories. Washington, DC: EPA-841-R-96-003. Viewed
3/6/05 at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/marinas/.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2001. National Management Measures
Guidance to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Marinas and Recreational Boating.
Washington, DC: EPA-841-B-01-005.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2002. National Water Quality
Inventory: 2000 Report. Viewed 5/8/05 at: http://www.epa.gov/305b/2000report/.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2005. The National Coastal Condition
Report II. Viewed 5/8/05 at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/nccr/2005/downloads.html.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 175
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 176
Contacts For More Information
Air Quality
Dept of Environmental Quality
(DEQ)
(503) 229-5359
Clean Marina
Program
Oregon State Marine Board
(503) 378-8587 ext. 249 or
Kristin.Feindel@state.or.us
Clean Vessel Act
Oregon State Marine Board
(503) 373-1405 or www.boatoregon.com
Department of State Lands
(DSL)
www.oregonstatelands.us or (503) 378-3805
& Facility Grants
Dredge, Fill, &
Underwater
Construction
US Army Corps of Engineers
(800) 343-4789
Fish and Wildlife
& Endangered
Species Act
Oregon Dept of Fish and
Wildlife
www.dfw.state.or.us or (800) 720-ODFW
Hazardous Waste
DEQ Technical Assistance
www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/hw/hwta.html for
your regional contact
DEQ Hazardous Waste Website
www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/hw/hw.htm
Spill Prevention, Control, and
Countermeasure (SPCC) Plans
www.epalov/oilspill/spcc.htm
Emergency Planning and
Community Right-to-Know Act
(EPCRA)
w
wvv.epa.gov/ceppo/
Land Use
Planning &
Coastal Resource
Management
Department of Land
Conservation and Development
(DLCD)
www.lcd.state.or.us or (503) 373-0050
Recreational
Boating Info
Oregon State Marine Board
(503) 373-1405 or www.boatoregon.com
Solid Waste
(Trash and
recycling)
Dept of Environmental Quality
(DEQ)
www.deq .state.or.us/wmc/solwaste/rsw.htm or
Spill Reporting
Oregon Emergency Response
System
(800) 452-0311 or (800) OILS-911
National Response Center
Stormwater
Discharge Permits
Dept of Environmental Quality
(DEQ)
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
(800) 452-4011 (Solid Waste Department)
(800) 424-8802
www.deq.state.or.us/wq/wqpermit/StormWate
rHome.htm or (503) 229-5615
Page 177
Total Maximum
Daily Loads
Dept of Environmental Quality
(DEQ)
www.deq.state.or.us/wq/TMDLs/TMDLs.htm
or (503) 229-6345
Underground
Storage Tanks
Dept of Environmental Quality
(DEQ)
www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/tank/ust-lust.htm or
(800) 742-7878 (UST help hotline) or
(503) 229-5913 (DEQ Land Quality Division)
Voluntary
Programs &
Cleanups
SOLV / Adopt-A-River
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
www.solv.org or (503) 844-9571
Page 178
Glossary of Terms
Ballast Water - Water placed in the hold of a boat or ship to maintain stability.
Black Water - Water-carried human wastes, including feces, urine, and other extraneous
substances of bodily origin (including toilet paper).
Boathouse - A covered floating structure primarily used for wet or dry storage of a boat.
Boat Waste Collection Device - All types of stationary, portable, or mobile equipment that
collects and transfers black water from boats. Includes boat pumpout and dump stations.
Combo - A boathouse/floating home combination structure with plumbing fixtures.
Dump Station - A device that receives sewage from a portable toilet.
Dwelling - A structure, boat, or vessel that has sleeping, cooking, and plumbing fixtures used for
human occupancy or is used for residential purposes.
Fugitive Emissions - Dust, fumes, gases, mist, odorous matter, vapors, or any combination
thereof not easily given to measurement, collection, and treatment by conventional pollution
control methods.
Floating Home - A floating structure designed or used as a dwelling, with no means of self
propulsion, usually moored in one location.
Gray Water - Any water carried waste other than black water, including kitchen and laundry
waste.
Hydroblasting - Use of pressurized water to remove paint or oxidized metal.
Houseboat - A self-propelled boat designed for use as a temporary dwelling. Any houseboat
moored in one location and used as a dwelling for more than ten of any 30-day period is
classified as a "liveaboard."
Liveaboard - A boat moored in one location and used as a dwelling for more than ten of any 30day period.
Marine Sanitation Device (MSD) - A U.S. Coast Guard approved type I, II or III device used to
treat or retain in a holding tank all boat toilet fixture waste generated from a boat or vessel.
Moored - Secured or tied-up to a dock, pile, float, buoy, or at anchor.
Operating - Underway; not moored.
Owners - Includes but not limited to individuals, corporations, entities, operators, renters, or
other responsible person in control or having control of real or personal property.
Plumbing Fixture - Includes but not limited to toilets, showers, lavatories, and laundry fixtures.
Pressure Washing - Use of a water pressure washer to remove dirt or biological growth from a
vessel's hull. Pressure washing includes the practice of hand scrubbing and rinsing with low
pressure water from a hose. Pressure washing that removes paint is hydroblasting.
Portable Toilet - Includes all types of portable toilets and hand-carried potties used to collect
black water.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 179
Pumpout - A stationary or portable pumping or suction device that removes waste from a boat
holding tank and transfers it to an approved municipal, septic, on-site sewage treatment
system, or land side holding tank for disposal.
Sewage - Black water and/or gray water waste.
Solid Waste - All useless or discarded putrescible and nonputrescible materials, including but not
limited to garbage, refuse, rubbish, ashes, paper, and cardboard, sewage sludge, septic tank
and cesspool pumpings, or other sludges, useless or discarded commercial, industrial,
demolition and construction materials, discarded or abandoned vehicles or part thereof,
manure, vegetable or animal solid and semisolid materials, dead animals, and infectious
wastes.
Stormwater - Stormwater runoff, snowmelt runoff, surface runoff, road wash water related to
road cleaning or maintenance, infiltration (other than infiltration contaminated from sanitary
sewers or other discharges) and drainage.
Structure - Includes but not limited to boathouses, combos, and floating homes used as
dwellings.
Waters of the State - Includes lakes, bays, ponds, and impounding reservoirs within the
territorial limits of the State of Oregon, and all other bodies of surface or springs, wells,
rivers, streams, creeks, estuaries, marshes, inlets, canals, the Pacific Ocean, underground
waters, natural or artificial, inland or coastal, fresh or salt, public or private (except those
private waters which do not combine or effect a junction with natural surface or underground
waters), which are wholly or partially within or bordering the state or within its jurisdiction.
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
Page 180
Index
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook Page 181
Index
A
Abrasive Blasting Acronyms Alternatives to Toxic Products Antifouling Paint Antifreeze E
94
5
40
90
71, 132
Ballast Water Management 155
Battery Replacement 77
Bilge Cleaning 53
Boat Disposal 58
Boater Education 7, 9
Boat Sewage Collection Devices 135
Boater Tip Sheet 15
Aquatic Nuisance Species 26
Bilges 18
Boat Cleaning
21
Fish Waste/Bait 25
Garbage 20
Gas and Oil 17
Hull Paint 24
Non-toxic Cleaning Alternatives 22
Sewage 19
Underway 25
Vessel Maintenance 23
39
80
97
49
177
159
Decommissioning Engines 81
Degreasing 75
Determining the Number of Boat Waste
Collection Devices for Marina 140
Drains 44
Dredging 47
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook F
Facility Cleaning Federal and State Agencies Federal Laws and Regulations Fiberglassing Fish Waste Fixed Structures Floating Structures Floor Drains Foam Flotation Fuel Storage Fuel Tank Disposal Fueling Station Operation 39
167
167
100
45
29
29
44
29
63
65
61
G
Glossary of Terms 179
H
C
Cleaning Commissioning Engines Compound Waxing Compressor Blowdowns Contacts for More Information Contract Language Emergency Planning 103
Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know Act 111
Employee Training 9
Environmental Laws and Regulations
165
Environmental Permits and Licenses 169
Hazardous Substances
Accidental Release Notification Management Reporting
Reporting Storage Toxic Release Inventory Hazardous Waste How to Determine Management Preferred Disposal Options Hull and Topside Painting 114
109
112
113
115
42
119
117
123
92
I
In or Out of the Water? Introduction 6
1
Page 183
L
Landscaping Litter and Recycling Marine Sewage and Wastewater
Disposal
41
37
137
NPDES Storm Water Regulations .... 151
0
Oil 69, 129
Oil Absorbent Pads 73
Oregon Ballast Water Management.. 157
Scraping and Sanding 87
Sewage 33, 135
Determining Number of Devices .. 140
Determining Type of Collection ... 139
Disposal
33, 137
Signage 9
Spills 35, 143
Spill Prevention, Control, and
Countermeasure Plans 145
Spill Response - Your Role 148
State Laws and Regulations 170
Stormwater
General Permit 149
NPDES Regulations 151
Runoff Management Practices 31
Summary of Environmental Laws and
Regulations 165
P
Painting
Antifouling Paint 90
Boat Bottoms 90
Hull and Topside 92
Paint Spraying 95
Paint Stripping 89
Parts Washing 75
Pet Waste 46
Preferred Disposal Options for Potential
Hazardous Waste Streams 123
Prepping and Painting Boat Bottoms.. 90
Pressure Washing 55
R
Rags Recycling References Refrigerants 73
37
175
83
Sample Contract Language Sample Signs Sanding 159
12
87
Oregon Clean Marina Guidebook
T
Teak Refinishing Toxic Product Alternatives 99
40
U
Upland Engine Operations Used Antifreeze Management Used Oil Management 79
132
129
V
Varnishing 98
Waxing Winterizing Vessels 97
57
Y
Your Role in Spill Response: What to
Do if You Have a Spill 148
Zinc Replacement 82
Page 184