The IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN
Standard for Broadband Wireless
Metropolitan Area Networks
ITU-APT Regional Seminar
Busan, Republic of Korea
10 Sept 2004
Ken Stanwood
CEO, Cygnus Multimedia Communications
Vice-Chair, IEEE 802.16 Working Group
http://WirelessMAN.org
1
Broadband Wireless Access
The Problem to Solve
2
1
The World Wants Access
l All over the world:
„ Users want access to networks
„ Network operators want access to customers
„ Users want diverse media simultaneously
l Broadband Wireless Access flourishes where:
„ Many users are dissatisfied with their access
„ Network operators need to reach customers
3
Market Segments for Wireless Access
1 Gbps
FSO
150 Mbps
PtP
Data Rate
50 Mbps
Fiber
20 Mbps
Point-to
Pointto--Multipoint
10--40GHz
10
10 Mbps
2 Mbps
PmP
<11 GHz
500 kbps
56 kbps
xDSL, Cable
Residential
SOHO
Small
Business
Medium
Business
Mobile
Backhaul
MultiTenant
Residential
Large
Business
Addressable Markets
4
2
Broadband Access to Buildings
l
The “Last Mile”
„ Fast local connection to network
l
Business and residential customers demand it
„ Data
„ Voice
„ Video distribution
„ Real-time videoconferencing
„ Gaming applications
l
Network operators demand it
l High-capacity cable/fiber to every user is expensive
„ Construction costs do not follow Moore’s Law
5
WirelessMAN: Wireless Metropolitan Area
Network
Basestation
SOHO
customer
Residential
customer
Multi-tenant
customers
Core
network
Source: Nokia Networks
repeater
Basestation
SME
customer
6
3
802.16 in Metro Ethernet
Ethernet
UNI
CE
EVC 1
802.16
SS
Optical
Metro
Ethernet
EVC 2
802.16
Base
Station
EVC 3
CE
Ethernet
UNI
Ethernet
Backhaul
802.16
SS
7
Vision - Wireless Multimedia Distribution
Set Top
Box
Broadband Service
802.16, Cable, DSL, IP
802.16d
WiMAX
802.16/11
AP
Video
-Time
Real
2xHDTV
802.16d
Access
Data
nteed
Guara
802.16d
Tablet PC
with
Camera
CBR
TDM
Voic
e
s
ces
Ac
ffort
st E
Be
and
ed
nte
ara
Gu
Rea
l -T
2xHime V
DTV ideo
Real-Time Video
2xHDTV
Be
st E
ffort
Ac
ces
s
802.16d
Cordless
Phone
802.16d
802.16/11
802.16/11
Gaming
Pocket
PC
HDTV
8
4
Hierarchical Systems
BACKHAUL
802.16
INDOOR
CPE
Non Line of Sight
Point to Multi-point
802.11
&
802.16
INTERNET
BACKBONE
9
Why 802.16 for Multimedia Wireless
Networks?
l
802.16 provides True QoS
l Allows more efficient use of available spectrum than
other wireless technologies
l Better security, authentication, and protection against
theft of service
l Possibility to use both licensed and unlicensed
frequencies
10
5
Properties of IEEE Standard 802.16
l
Broad bandwidth
„ Up to 96 Mbps (>70 Mbps throughput) in 20 MHz channel (in
WirelessMANTM -OFDM air interface)
l
Supports multiple services simultaneously with full
QoS
„ Efficiently transport IPv4, IPv6, ATM, Ethernet, etc.
l
Bandwidth on demand (frame by frame)
l MAC designed for efficient used of spectrum
l Comprehensive, modern, and extensible security
l Supports frequency allocations from <1 to 66 GHz
„ ODFM and OFDMA for non-line-of-sight applications
11
Properties of IEEE Standard 802.16
l
TDD and FDD
l Link adaptation: Adaptive modulation and coding
„ Subscriber by subscriber, burst by burst, uplink and downlink
l
Point-to-multipoint topology, with mesh extensions
l Support for adaptive antennas and space-time coding
„ Beamforming and MIMO
l
Extensions to mobility are coming next.
12
6
3rd Gen. Technology in 802.16
QPSK
Adaptive Modulation
Q16
Q64
distance
time
variable modulation maximizes
both air-link capacity and coverage
Adaptive TDMA
True bandwidth on demand and
variable packet sizes provide
differentiated, bursty services
to multiple users
Adaptive TDD
frequency
variable asymmetry in a single
broadband channel best matches
bandwidth to demand
13
Coverage/Capacity Advantage of Adaptive PHY
2-3km*
QAM-64
100% of Channel Capacity
99.95%*
~ 364 days 19.5 hrs/yr
QAM-16
QAM-64
QPSK
QAM-16
QAM-64
QAM-64
85% of Channel Capacity
99.993%
~ 4 hrs/yr
2-3km*
QPSK QAM-16 QAM-64
70% Channel Capacity
99.999%,
~ 20 min/yr
Modulation changes dynamically to match propagation path
conditions
* Typical for .01% rain rate 40-50 mm/hr at 28GHz (egg. Chicago. SFO is about 35mm/hr)
14
7
802.16 Supports Beamforming and MIMO
l High system gain for
maximum coverage and
availability
l Use for extended range or
increased capacity
15
IEEE 802.16 Working Group
16
8
IEEE 802.16 Leadership
l Chair: Roger Marks
l Vice Chair: Ken Stanwood
l Secretary: Dean Chang
17
802.16 Standards Genealogy
802.16
(Dec 2001)
• Original fixed wireless broadband air
Interface for 10 – 66 GHz
• Line -of-sight only, Point-to-Multi-Point
applications
802.16a
(Jan 2003)
• Extension for 2-11 GHz
• Targeted for non line of sight, Point-toMulti-Point applications like “last mile”
broadband access
802.16REVd
(Sept 2004)
• 802.16 Revision PAR for 802.16 &
802.16a to add WiMAX System Profiles
and Errata for 2-11 GHz in support of
802.16e requirements
802.16c
(2002)
802.16 Amendment
WiMAX System Profiles
10 - 66 GHz
802.16e
(2005 exp.)
• Amendment for Mobile wireless
broadband up to vehicular speeds in
licensed bands from 2-6 GHz
• Enables roaming for portable clients
(laptops) within & between service areas
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9
802.16 and ETSI
l Over 50 liaison letters between 802.16 and
ETSI
„ (European
Telecom Standards Institute)
l ETSI HIPERMAN
„ Below 11 GHz
„ Healthy cooperation
„ Harmonized with WirelessMANTM-OFDM
19
802.16 and ITU
l ITU-T January 2004:
„ 802.16 approved as draft recommendation for
wireless extension of cable operator footprint.
„ Included in-home
l ITU-R November 2004:
„ Liaison statement
„ Return statement from 802.16
„ Working towards ITU BWA recommendation
20
10
WiMAX Purpose
l To promote a common broadband wireless
l
l
l
l
standard
To develop reduced scope “profiles” to ease
development
To fill the gaps in the IEEE process relative to
the ETSI process
To create a broadband wireless access
conformance and interoperability certification
process
To act as a certification body
21
Conclusion
l IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN standards are:
„ open in development and application
„ addressed at worldwide markets
„ engineered as optimized technical solutions
„ significantly complete
– With test spec documents in development
„ being
enhanced for expanded opportunities
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