10 September , 2004
Akira Hashimoto
Chairman , ITU-R Working Party 9B
1
This presentation focuses on;
?
What is “ Wireless Access ” ?
?
ITU-R standardization activity on BWA
?
Recent topics including liaison with SDOs ( *)
(* )
Standardization Development Organization
2
1
Definitions of Wireless Access in the ITUITU-R Recommendation F.1399
(Vocabulary of terms for wireless access)
FWA: Fixed Wireless Access
wireless access application in which the location of the end-user
termination
and the network access point to be connected to the end-user are
fixed.
MWA: Mobile Wireless Access
wireless access application in which the location of the end-user termination
is mobile.
NWA: Nomadic Wireless Access
wireless access application in which the location of the end-user termination
may be in different places but it must be stationary while in use.
3
Mapping of Wireless Access
Mobility and Bit rate of 3 types of Wireless Access
Mobility
Systems beyond IMT-2000
High
IMT-2000
Enhanced
IMT-2000
Mobile Wireless Access
Low
Nomadic Wireless Access
No
Fixed Wireless Access
1
10
100
1000
(Mbit/s)
Peak Transmission Data Rate
(The Figure is based on Recommendation ITU -R M.1645.)
4
2
Studies on Wireless Access in ITU-R
IMT-2000 & beyond
P r e-IM
T sys
tems
Mobile
Service
Study
Group 8
Working Party 8A
NWA
Fixed
Service
WP 8F
Working Party 8F
MWA
FWA
WP 8A
RLA
Ns
-deriv
Mobile
A
FW
ed
General FWA
Joint Rapporteur
Group 8A-9B (*
)
Working Party 9B
WP 9B
Study
Group 9
( * ) JRG 8A-9B was disbanded in November 2003 .
5
ITU-R Recommendations recently developed in relation to FWA systems
Rec.
ITU-R
Terminology
Performance &
Availability
Characteristics
Short title
F.1399 Vocabulary of terms for wireless access
F. 757 Basic system requirements and performance objectives for FWA using mobile -derived technologies
F.1400 Performance and availability objectives for FWA to PSTN
F.1490 Generic requirements for fixed wireless access (FWA) systems
F.1499 Radio transmission systems for fixed BWA based on cable modem standards
F.1401 Considerations for the identification of possible frequency bands for fixed wireless access
and related sharing studies
F.1488 Frequency block arrangements for FWA systems in the range 3 400-3 800 MHz
F.1496 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for fixed wireless systems operating in the band 51.4-52.6 GHz
Radio frequency
arrangement
F.1497 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for fixed wireless systems operating in the band 55.78-59 GHz
F.1519 Guidance on frequency arrangements based on frequency blocks for systems in the fixed service
F.1567 RF channel arrangement for digital fixed wireless systems operating in the frequency band 406.1 to 450 MHz
F.1568 RF block arrangements for FWA systems in the range 10.15-10.3/10.5-10.65 GHz
F.1402
Sharing &
Compatibility
F.1489
F.1613
Others
F.1671
Frequency sharing criteria between a land MWA system and a FWA system using the same equipment
type as the MWA system
A methodology for assessing the level of operational compatibility between FWA and radar systems
when sharing the band 3.4-3.7 GHz
Operational and deployment requirements for FWA systems in Region 3 to ensure the
protection of systems in the EESS (active) and the SRS (active) in the band 5 250-5 350 MHz
Guidelines for a process to address the deployment of area-licensed fixed wireless systems
operating in neighbouring countries
Note: Application of some Recommendations include short range ba ck-haul systems
6
3
Development of FWA systems in various environments
FWA application
Other access
media
Preferred frequency bands
Urban area FWA
(Last-1000 m connection)
Residential area FWA
(Last-100m connection)
Upper
SHF
Lower
SHF
10.5 GHz
F.1568
18 GHz
F. 595
26-28 GHz
F. 748
38 GHz
F.749
2.4 GHz
-
3.4 GHz
F.1488
5.3 GHz
-
5.5 -5.7GHz
-
450 MHz
Rural area FWA
UHF
Below
1 GHz
Factors to be considered
· High-density deployment
· Sharing with space services
Optical fibre
· Optical fibre
· DSL
· Wireless
LAN
· Compatibility with ISM application
· Line-of-sight condition
· License-exempt use of nomadic
wireless access systems for FWA
F.1567
Cellular phone
-
· Line-of-sight condition
· Sharing/compatibility with
other radio services
7
New 5 GHz frequency allocations approved at WRC-03
5000
5100
5200
5300
5400
5500
Mobile service ( RLAN)
5600
5700
5800(MHz)
Mobile service ( RLAN)
Fixed service
( FWA) (*)
(*) 12 countries in Region 3 only (5.447E)
Fixed-satellite
service
Aeronautical radionavigation service
Earth exploration-satellite( active)
and Space research service
Radionavigation service
Radiolocation service ( meteorological, defense, etc)
New allocations
Existing allocations
8
4
Requirements for RLANs specified in Resolution 229 ( WRC-03)
Frequency band
Maximum Equivalent Isotropically
Radiated Power ( EIRP )
5150-5250 MHz
200 mW
( 10 mW/MHz, 0.25 mW/25 kHz)
Indoor use only
200 mW ( 10 mW/MHz )
Basically indoor use*1
5250-5350 MHz
Mitigation measures
No specification
or subject to the elevation angle
EIRP must be in accordance
mask specified in Rec.ITU - R M.1653 with the mask for outdoor use
2W for FWA*3
5470-5725 MHz
Operational restriction
1W ( 50 mW/MHz )
Deployment restriction is
subject to Rec.ITU -R F.1613
TPC*2 and DFS
are required
Indoor / outdoor use
*1 Each country is requested to take appropriate measures so that t he predominant number of RLAN terminals
are used indoors.
*2 EIRP is reduced by 3 dB if not equipped with TPC.
*3 12 Countries in Region 3
9
Recent study topics on the fixed service including BWA
Application
Characteristics
Multipoint -to-multipoint
systems
BWA conveying IP packets
or ATM cells
Exploitation of bands above 57GHz
RF arrangement
& spectrum use
Future vision of the FS
10
5
Future vision of the Fixed Service ( 1)
Draft new Recommendation ; Technology developments and application trends in the FS
Exploitation of high frequency bands
Increase of frequency utilization efficiency
(GHz)
(
(bit/sec/Hz)
100
(bit/sec/Hz)
10
20
F.1496
38GHz
F.749
F.1497
30
23GHz
F.748
18GHz
20
F.595
13GHz
F.497
10
1970
15
7.5
1980
1990
2000
2010
512QAM
512
( Narrow spectrum system)
256 QAM
5
10
(Wide spectrum system)
64QAM
64
2.5
5
(4 PSK)
(8 PSK)
1970
16 QAM
1980
Year
1990
2000
2010
Year
( when the ITU -R Recommendation was adopted )
( when the ITU -R Recommendation was adopted) 11
Future vision of the Fixed Service ( 2 )
Development of FS applications including future vision
(GHz)
50
Frequency bandwidth for FS
Frequency
Single polarization system
52/56GHz
50
Dual polarization system (CCCP)
Frequency Utilization Efficiency
of multi-state modulation schemes
40
30
access
access
access
access
20
access
access
10
access
RRS
RRS
access
access
RRS
RRS
RRSRRS
RRS
RRS
RRS
RRS
1980
1990
2000 200
2003
2010
Year ( when the ordinate bandwidth has become available)
RRS: radio-relay systems,
access: FWA and back-haul systems, and HAPS systems in some countries
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6
Toward Refarming of 4 & 5GHz Bands (Example)
Frequency allocation in the R.R.
Use of the band in many countries
4200 ?
Fixed wireless systems (point-topoint application)
3600
4GHz band
FIXED
(3600-4200MHz)
Fixed-satellite links (space-to-earth
direction)
?
FIXED-SATELLITE ?
MOBILE
FS and FSS are sharing the
frequency band under the criteria
specified in Recommendation ITU-R
F.1565 or SF.1485.
?
4400
5000
5GHz band
(4400-5000MHz)
FIXED
FIXED-SATELLITE ?
Use of the mobile service has not
been reported.
?
MOBILE
Draft Recommendation
ITU-R F.[Trend] (Document 9/9)
One administration has reported that in its network use of 4 and5 GHz frequency bands by radio relay systems will be terminated by 2012 with a view to utilize these bands for terrestrial wireless
systems for access networks including systems beyond IMT -2000.
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Scope of Standardization
Protocol stack
Higher
Layer
Application
-
TCP
Network layer
(IP)
Data Link
Layer
Specified items
DLC
Sub-layer
· Network routing
· Mobility
management
De facto
Standard
· Send-receive flow control
· ARQ control
ETSI
· QoS control
IEEE
· Medium access control
MAC
· Error detection &
Sub-layer correction
ARIB
· Radio frequency
arrangement
Physical Layer
( PHY)
· Modulation/Demodulation
Transmission
bit rate
·· Necessary
bandwidth
· Frequency sharing
criteria
TCP : Transmission Control Protocol IP : Internet Protocol
MAC : Medium Access Control
DLC : Data Link Control
ITU-R
Recommendation
14
7
Recommendation on fixed broadband wireless access
( approved in 2000)
Recommendation ITU-R F . 1499
Radio transmission systems for fixed broadband wireless access
( ITU-T Recommendation J.112, Annex B)
based on cable modem standards
?
Complementary Recommendation
PHY Layer
BWA specifications
ITU-R F.1499
MAC Layer and above
?
ITU-T J.116
CONTENTS
1. General system requirements
2. Functional assumptions
3. Communication protocols
4. PMD sublayear specifications
5. Downstream transmission convergence sublayer
15
New ITU-R Recommendation on fixed BWA
ITU-R Study Group 9 ( Working Party 9B) is developing a draft new
Recommendation on fixed BWA, whose specifications are based on the standards
agreed at regional standardization development organizations .
Candidate specifications for the radio interface for this Recommendation
PHY Layer
IEEE 802.16
Hiper MAN
ETSI
BRAN Hiper Access
ARIB (Japan)
MAC Layer
IEEE Std. Part 16 : Air interface for fixed BWA
ETSI TS 102 177
ETSI TS 102 178
ETSI TS 101 999
ETSI TS 102 000
ARIB STD T 58 ( P-P)
ARIB STD T 59 ( P-M P)
-
These specifications in this Recommendation will become available electronically through the website.
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8
Summary
Broadband Wireless Access systems ;
- are important media in access networks,
- will operate in different environments and
in various frequency bands,
- will be more developed under efficient cooperation
between SDOs and ITU-R.
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9