ITUITU-T/ITUT/ITU-D Seminar on Standardization and Development of NGN for the Arab region Session 9 Planning of Broadband Wireless Access for Rural and Remote Areas Ignat Stanev ITC, Bulgaria ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 1 Introduction Rural and remote areas telecom case : usually not interesting from business point of view telecom development should be supported by government Percentage of the population living in rural areas 71% 71% SubSaharan Africa East Asia & Pacific 75% all growth in population will concentrate in urban areas, no growth in rural areas 27% Latin America Findings of the United Nations : South Asia most of the growth will concentrate in urban areas of less developed regions Source: The World Bank(1992) ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 2 1 Rural population and teledensity Population of large cities as % Large city teledensity [%] Rural areas teledensity [%] Overall teledensity [%] Low Income 6,0 9,26 2,15 2,54 Lower Middle 5,8 24,84 7,30 8,77 1 : 1,5 Upper Middle 16,1 30,77 21,10 22,94 1 : 1,05 High Income 10,8 57,49 54,83 55,21 Africa 12 6,42 1,39 1,99 Americas 13,6 34,8 21,72 11,39 Asia 4,8 25,97 6,94 7,84 Europe 10,9 48,24 30,19 31,98 Oceania 17,8 45,97 36,77 38,38 WORLD 7,7 17,4 25,25 9,20 1 : 4,3 1 : 3,4 ITU WTID 2002 ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 3 Largest cities vs. rural areas in some countries Country Egypt Mauritania Sudan Tunisia Djibouti Kuwait Qatar Syria China Bulgaria Urban population (%) 42.6 49.5 37.9 64.4 99.0 98.0 91.8 51.4 41.8 70.0 % of main lines in urban areas Total teledensity [%] 74.8 32.5 100.0 25.6 90.0 7.1 98.0 68.8 100.0 7.9 98.0 107.6 99.0 110.0 82.5 27.5 67.4 56.5 78.0 113.1 120.0 100.0 80.0 Urban population (%) 60.0 % of main lines in urban areas 40.0 20.0 Su da Dj n ib M o ut au i r it an ia Sy r ia Eg yp t Ch in a Tu ni si a Ku wa it Q at B u ar lg ar ia 0.0 ITU WTID 2006 ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 4 2 Broadband connection – statistics Internet access of households by type of connection, 2005 (Yearbook 2006-07 ) ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 5 IT density as bases for BB services Internet hosts per 10 000 inhabitants Internet users per 10 000 inhabitants PCs per 100 inhabitants 1 4,3 62 264,9 0,6 2,5 Low Income Lower Middle Income Upper Middle Income High Income Africa Americas Asia Europe ITU WTID 2002 78,7 992,7 8,2 1 484 3 992 37 Low/High Income: 3,4 84,9 1,1 1 / > 60 1 333 2 164 26,6 28,7 434 2,2 191,5 1 804,5 18 % of homes with Internet 2 771,6% of homes with a Personal Computer 885,3 39,9 232,7 820,8 7,7 Oceania WORLD Source : ITU Database 2006 100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Austria Belg iu m Denmark ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar Finland France Germany Greece Icela nd Ir eland Italy Luxembourg Neth erla nds Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland United Czech Kingdom Republic 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Estonia Hungary Latv ia Lithuania Pola nd Slo vak Bulgaria Romania Republic Session 9_4 - 6 3 EU Project - Broadband for All To develop the network technologies and architectures allowing a generalised and affordable availability of broadband access to European users, including those in less developed regions, peripheral and rural areas. Optimised access technologies, as a function of the operating environment, at affordable price allowing for a generalized introduction of broadband services in Europe including less developed regions ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 7 Planning of broadband wireless access Critical Re-Optimization OpEx intensive Critical Network planning Demand Forecast Plan New Build CapEx sensitive Operate & Maintain Purchase / Build BUILD PLAN RUN OPEX Intensive CAPEX Sensitive O ptim um C osts Service ServiceDefinition Definition / /Market MarketCapture Capture Traffic TrafficDemand Demand Generation / Distribution Generation / Distribution Total ATM ATM IPIP/ /MPLS MPLS Voice Voice SS7 SS7 15% Access Technology Access Technology Selection Selection/ /Roll-Out Roll-Out Business BusinessCase Case Analysis Analysis Service Mix, 85% Geographical Traffic Demand ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 9% SONET SONET/ /SDH SDH Synchronization Synchronization Bandwidth 5% Requirements NODES Exchanges 9% Optical OpticalRing Ring Optical Mesh Optical Mesh CCORE ircuits 52% Link ACCESS 25% Requirements Subscribers WDM Links WDM Links 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain nodes no. of exchanges Session 9_4 - 8 4 Broadband access technologies xDSL HFC ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar WLL SAT Power line FTTx 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 9 Planning process for planning of wireless BB access network ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 10 5 Planning case studies performed with available network planning tools The case studies present the planning process that needs to be performed for evaluation of wireless broadband access in rural and remote areas Planning includes market definition and optimization of the access network. First access network is optimized regardless of the terrain characteristics, then network is analysed for coverage and result is adjusted correspondingly The case studies are planned with professional NP tools, available through ITU partners ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 11 Oman – Test Case study ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on “Wireless Network Evolution” Evolution” Rural market – Muscat area ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar MuscatMuscat-Oman, 0303-05 May 2004 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 12 6 Case study Oman - Market forecasting: Permanent service – Residential - connection at 64 Kbit/s Business - connection at 128 Kbit/s Market based on inhabitants / households per sq. km. and penetration from 2% to 10% ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 13 Case study Oman - Technology definition : ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 14 7 Case study Oman - Planning process : ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 15 Case study Oman - Planning wireless : BS coverage calculation Max server coverage ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 16 8 Case study – Papua New Guinea : TELIKOM planning team Suburban / Rural market – Port Moresby area ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 17 Case study Papua New Guinea – Suburban and rural area : User per sector: 254 Sector payload: 18 Mbps Radius per BS: 3 KM Frequency of Operation: 2.3, 2.4 GHz Bandwidth: 3.5 MHz TELIKOM planning wireless BB access ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 18 9 Case study Papua New Guinea – Planning process : optimization of service areas ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 19 Case study Papua New Guinea – Planning wireless : ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 20 10 Case study Bamako - suburban area : Wireline xDSL and WiMAX overlay ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 21 Case study Bamako - Planning process : Technology specification Network Optimization ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 22 11 Case study Bamako - Planning wireless : BS coverage BS coverage calculation ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain calculation Session 9_4 - 23 Case study Bamako – Wireless access network : ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 24 12 Case study Bamako - Economic Analysis : Revenues, Costs, NPN ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 25 Requirements to services and customer segments definition and forecasting Broadband penetration forecasts for the residential market - EU e.g. Permanent service Defined by required bandwidth or bit rate y (e.g. no. of subscribers) Saturation limit Logistic or Gompertz' trend Linear trend Exponential trend Time 0 Beginning interval Average interval Forecasting of customer segments e.g. Residential market: Saturation interval Typical for rural and remote areas : ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar Individual, family, commune services/users 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 26 13 Requirements to the modeling of user locations Digital maps – Geo data zones /areas => => DTM Elevation data nodes / sites DEM DBM ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 27 Requirements to the network optimization Location on nodes : E.g. optimal placement of BS Service areas : E.g. optimal service areas of a BS Non-Terrain Based Prediction Models : Terrain Based Freespace Propagation Scattering ITU-T/ITU-D Seminar Diffraction Tropospheric Effects Reflection Atmosph. Absorption Loss f>10 GHz Rain Attenuation f>5GHz 29 April – 2 May 2007, Manama, Bahrain Session 9_4 - 28 14