Institut für Rundfunktechnik
ITU Workshop:
The Regulatory Environment for
Future Mobile Multimedia Services
Broadcasting in an
Era of Convergence
Federal Network Agency, Mainz
21st to 23rd June 2006
Dr. Chris Weck
Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik, Muenchen
1
Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence
How does new technology and convergence affect
broadcasting ? (1)
ƒ User behaviour has changed
(e.g. Radio, from past till today)
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
Stationary radio - audio only
… same portable (e.g. kitchen radio, car radio)
Stationary radio - with video (e.g. MTV, VIVA)
… same portable, based on portable TV (e.g. over DVB-T)
Mobile radio
ƒ Radio – audio only
ƒ e.g. FM receivers on mobile phones, DAB, Podcasting (Ipod, MP3)
ƒ Radio – with video and multimedia
ƒ e.g. DAB, DMB, DVB-H -> Mobile Broadcast
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
2
Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence
How does new technology and convergence affect
broadcasting ? (2)
ƒ More service requirements – more services & more quality
ƒ Radio (e.g. audio only)
ƒ Portable TV (SDTV)
ƒ Stationary TV & Radio
ƒ Advanced quality (e.g. HDTV, surround sound)
ƒ Mobile broadcast (Radio, Multimedia, TV / LDTV)
ƒ Interactivity
More services require more programme distribution ways !
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
3
Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence
How does new technology and convergence affect
broadcasting ? (3)
ƒ Mobile Broadcast
ƒ The use of traditional radio and television in the future will be
extended significantly to mobile devices
ƒ Public broadcast services as well as other traditional free-to-air services
(Radio and TV) has to be made available to mobile devices
ƒ Combination of commercial and traditional free-to-air broadcast
services as well as individual communication and multimedia services
Mobile broadcast requires additional programme distribution
ways !
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
4
Competition in the use of frequencies
Conclusion 1:
additional service requirements and user behaviour
ƒ require more programme distribution ways
ƒ require more frequency resources for emmission
Requirements for use of frequencies depends on
ƒ Service planning and goal for coverage
ƒ Frequency efficiency
ƒ e.g. dense networks or broadcast networks
ƒ Network costs
ƒ Regional/local population coverage or area coverage
ƒ Transmission system for emmission
ƒ Number of programmes, quality, coverage size, goal for users
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
5
Mobile Broadcast
Extension of Existing Transmission Systems
DAB-based Systems
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
DAB
DMB
‘IP over Enhanced Packet Mode’
BT-Livetime
The German DXB Project
DVB-T-based Systems
DMB
DVB-H
MBMS
WLAN
T-DAB
DVB-T
UMTS
IT
ƒ DVB-T
ƒ DVB-H
Mobile-based Systems
ƒ MBMS of UMTS or S-UMTS
IT-based Systems
ƒ WLAN, WIMAX
Others
ƒ ISDB-T
ƒ MediaFLO™, Aloah
Terrestrial Digital Video Broadcasting Hotspots
Digital
Broadcasting
over
WIMAX
Audio
Terrestrial
Mobile
Broadcasting
Networks
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
6
IP-based Services Could Help to Harmonise
the Use of DAB and DVB-T
ƒ services are offered independently from the physical bearer
ƒ IP as a transparent layer between service and bearer
MultimediaMultimedia
Services
Multimedia
Audio
DMB
DATA
Organisation
of Services
CMBS
/ BCAST
System functions (ESG, …)
TV
IP (InternetIPPotocol)
IP
MOT
T-DAB
eDAB
MBMS
Interaction
GSM /
UMTS
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
DVB-H
DVB-T
7
Bandwidth and TV Channel Spacing
DVB-T / DVB-H
Transmission Power
DAB / DMB
1,2
Mbit/s
TV Chanel (VHF)
18 Mbit/s
12 Mbit/s
6 Mbit/s
TV Channel (VHF or UHF)
DMB multiplex
DVB-H multiplex
e.g. 7 audio programmes
or 3 video programmes
35, 70 or 105 audio programmes
15, 30 or 45 video programmes
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
8
Population Density in Germany
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
9
area / %
Population Density in Germany
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
population / %
total number of inhabitants (2002): 82536680
total area: 352022 square kilometres
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
10
TV Coverage
Mainly in Highly Populated Areas
DVB-T
Areas with 50 % of population
ƒ planning for 90 % to 95 % area
for roof-top antenna
ƒ portable indoor in city areas
(approximately 50 %)
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
11
Area Coverage for Audio Broadcasting
DAB
ƒ aiming at 99,x % area for mobile
reception (large SFN)
ƒ aim: audio broadcasting for
> 95 % of area for portable indoor
Digital Radio
has to work
in every kitchen!
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
12
Mobile Broadcast as ‚Add-on‘ to TV
DVB-T
Gebiete mit 50 % erreichter Bevölkerung
ƒ planning for 90 % to 95 % area
for roof-top antenna
ƒ portable indoor in city areas
(approximately 50 %)
DVB-H
ƒ planning together with DVB-T
ƒ specific DVB-H-Networks in cities
ƒ tendency for dense networks
e.g. 1 km to 5 km
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
13
Mobile Broadcast as ‚Add-on‘ to Audio
Broadcast
DAB
ƒ aiming at 99,x % area for mobile
reception (large SFN)
ƒ aim: Audio broadcasting for
> 95 % of area for portable indoor
DMB
ƒ as DAB? – DAB audio broadcasting
and some few DMB programmes in
the area?
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
14
Population Density in Germany
a re a / %
trade-off:
network payment for few programmes in the area
or 10 times more programmes in highly populated areas
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
20
40
60
population / %
total number of inhabitants (2002): 82 536 680
total area: 352 022 square kilometres
80
100
:
Question money?
e
h
t
e
s
u
o
Where t
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
15
What is the business concept ?
Commercial benefit
ƒ Revenue of mobile broadcast services in highly populated
areas is 5 times higher compared to a full area coverage
ƒ No commercial reason to provide services in the full area,
except if the market may be fully saturated
ƒ Digital Divide
ƒ Cheap access in cities
ƒ No or expensive access in the area
Social political benefit
ƒ To offer a (sub)set of mobile free-to-air broadcast services to
everybody everywhere independent whether they are rich or
poor or whether they live in the country or in a city
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
16
Combination of Commercial and Free-to-Air
Mobile Broadcast Services
… is required. Examples in Germany:
DMB
ƒ Commercial service of MFD „watcha“
ƒ L-Band (incl. free-to-air-service ZDF)
ƒ Project Mifriends
ƒ 1 VHF multiplex in Regensburg, Transalb, Bodensee
ƒ 2 VHF multipexes in Munich
DVB-H
ƒ Various pilot projects for commercial use
ƒ Part of a DVB-T multiplex of e.g. Bayerischer Rundfunk is
used for 3 DVB-H services in south bavaria
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
17
Watcha (MFD) –
Service access, mobile phones
Berlin
Format
Service offer
DMB 1 TV
N24: (News)
DMB 2 TV
MTV Music
DMB 3 TV
ProSieben.Sat1: (Comedy,
Entertainment)
DMB 4 TV
ZDF: (Public Broadcaster, free
access, start with simulcast)
Köln
Frankfurt
Nürnberg
DMB 5 Radio
Stuttgart
München
Data services
(DAB/MOT)
bigFM2see: (nation-wide radio
programme, with still pictures
„visual Radio“
EPG planned
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
18
European DMB Project „MIFRIENDS“
Regensburg
Bodensee
München
ƒ Demonstration in Munich
during the FIFA Worldcup
2006: start on 7th June 06
ƒ dual band (VHF, L-Band)
ƒ 400 DMB-Test-Handys
ƒ USB-Stick DMB devices
trials with test persons/users
Transalp
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
19
Commercial and Free-To-Air
Business Models
©
public
broadcasti
ng
broadcasting
services
+
m KR
licence costs
n KP
costs for
programme distribution
licence costs
©
mobile
phone
services
n KR
+
m KP
costs for
programme distribution
The customer pays subscription fee for only m programmes,
but receives m + n free-to-air programmes.
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
n + m programmes
for end-users
(N = m + n)
FT
A
Abo
+ KE
costs for subsidised
receivers
win-win
20
Conclusion
Mobile Broadcast
ƒ includes digital radio, radio with video and digital TV to
mobiles
ƒ the custumer will use traditional free-to-air broadcast services
together with commercial and individual multimedia services
Goals for regulation
ƒ Capacity for traditional radio and TV broadcasting in the
digital world (DAB, DVB-T)
ƒ Capacity for mobile broadcast services
ƒ not only for market-driven commercial services,
ƒ but also for free-to-air reception of radio and TV with repect to the
user behaviour of future mobile users living anywhere in the
country
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
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This presentation is protected by copyright.
Any reproduction needs prior permission by the author.
This copyright note shall not be removed.
Dr. Chris Weck
General Manager
Programme Distribution
Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik
Floriansmuehlstraße 60
80939 Muenchen
Germany
fon +49-(0)89-32399-330
fax +49-(0)89-32399-354
e-mail: weck@irt.de
© IRT/V - Dr. Chris Weck - Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence, ITU Workshop in Main, 21st to 23rd June 2006
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