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M°RILYN POTTS GUIN LIBRARY
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HATFIELD MARNE SCIENCE CENTER
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
NEWPORT, OREGON 97365
OCEANOGRAPHY
OBSERVATIONS FROM
CEAREX "0" CAMP,
ARCTIC OCEAN,
MARCH-APRIL 1989
by
Murray D. Levine
Clayton A. Paulson
Jay Simpkins
Steve R. Gard
Reference 91-1
April 1991
Data Report 152
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Office of Naval Research
N00014-87-K-0009
N00014-90-J-1048
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permitted for any purpose of the
United States Government.
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1. REPORT NUMBER
3. RECIPIENTS CATALOG NUMBER
91-1
4. TITLE (and Subtitle)
5. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED
Reprint
Observations from CEAREX "0" Camp , Arctic Ocean ,
Data Report #152
6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER
March-April 1989
6. CONTRACTOR GRANT NUMBER(s)
7. AUTHORS(sl
Murray D. Levine, Clayton A. Paulson
Jay Simpkins, Steve R. Gard
N00014-87-K-0009
N00014-90-J-1048
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT, PROJECT, TASK
AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS
9. PERFORMING ORGANZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
College of Oceanography
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon 97331-5503
NR083-102
12. REPORT DATE
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April 1991
Office of Naval Research
Ocean Science & Technology Division
Arlington, Virginia 22217
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278
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Arctic Ocean, Internal Waves
20. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse side if necessary and identify by block number)
This report presents moored observations of velocity, temperature, and conductivity made at the "0" Camp during
CEAREX (Coordinated Eastern Arctic Experiment). The measurements were made in the Arctic Ocean, near 83'N
and 5' to 11'E, from sensors suspended below the ice during March-April 1989. A variety of instruments were
deployed: 7 current meters, 11 temperature sensors, 9 conductivity sen sors, 5 temperature-conductivity recorders,
and 1 acoustic Doppler profiler. The measurements were made between the surface and 250 m depth; horizontal
separations ranged from 75 to 500 m.
FORM
1 JAN 73
1473
EDITION OF 1 NOV 65 IS OBSOLETE
S/N 0102-014-6601
Unclassified
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data Entered)
Observations from
CEAREX "O" Camp
Arctic Ocean
March-April 1989
Murray D. Levine
Clayton A. Paulson
Jay Simpkins
Steve R. Gard
Oregon State University
College of Oceanography
Ocean Admin. Bldg 104
Corvallis, OR 97331
Sponsor: Office of Naval Research
Contract: N00014-87-K-0009
Grant:
N00014-90-J-1048
Data Report 152
Reference 91-1
April 1991
Approved for Public Release
Distribution Unlimited
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank chief scientist Jamie Morison and camp manager Mike Welch for making
"0" Camp a productive environment to work and a pleasant place to live. We
appreciate the excellent organization and administration of the logistical support by
Andy Heiberg and Dean Horn. Thanks are extended to all the support personel,
including Tony Para, Pat McKeown, and Tom Lehman. The efforts of Vassilis
Zervakis and Dennis Barstow in helping to calibrate the instruments are much
appreciated. The cover illustration was kindly provided by Barbara Levine.
We appreciate the labor and enthusiasm of program manager Thomas Curtin in
organizing the CEAREX project. The support for this research by the Office of Naval
Research through contract N00014-87-K-0009 and grant N00014-90-J-1048 is
gratefully acknowledged.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction .....................................................................................
1
Instrumentation............................................................................... .
2
Calibration ......................................................................................
12
Time Series at 100 m: Low-Pass Filtered ................................................
23
Temperature
Conductivity
Salinity
Velocity
Time Series at Central Site: Low-Pass Filtered ......................................... 29
Temperature
Conductivity
Salinity
Velocity
Vertical Shear
Time Series of Temperature at 100
m: Unfiltered ..................................... 39
Time Series of Temperature at Central Site: Unfiltered .............................. 71
Time Series of Velocity at 100 m: Unfiltered ..........................................
105
Time Series of Velocity at 100 m: High-Pass Filtered ................................ 139
Time Series of Velocity at Central Site: Unfiltered ................................... 171
Time Series of Velocity at Central Site: High-Pass
Filtered ........................ 205
Time Series of Vertical Shear at Central Site: Unfiltered ........................... 239
Autospectra of Temperature at Central Site ........................................... 265
Autospectra of Velocity at Central Site ................................................. 271
1
INTRODUCTION
This report presents moored observations of velocity, temperature, and conductivity
made at the "0" Camp during CEAREX (Coordinated Eastern Arctic Experiment).
The measurements were made in the Arctic Ocean, near 83 ON and 5 ° to 11 °E, from
sensors suspended below the ice during March-April 1989.
The main objectives of CEAREX were to study the processes that control the
exchange of momentum, heat and biomass in the eastern Arctic Ocean. The
operations at "0" camp represented one part of the CEAREX program. Some of the
scientific goals of "0" camp were:
To determine the energy and spectral composition of the internal wave field,
To measure the level of turbulent dissipation and mixing,
To determine the abundance and importance of eddies in the region,
To determine the importance of trapped diurnal oscillations near the Yermak
plateau to internal waves and turbulent processes,
To determine the importance of double diffusive processes, and
To study the physics of the atmospheric boundary layer
The specific goals of this project are:
To compare the internal wave field in the eastern Arctic Ocean with
Beaufort Sea (AIWEX) and open ocean observations,
To investigate the generation of internal waves by the motion of ice keels,
To investigate the correlation of internal waves with mesoscale processes,
To assess the importance of tidal forcing on internal wave generation, and
To cooperate in an investigation of the interaction of internal waves and
turbulence.
2
INSTRUMENTATION
Description
A horizontal and vertical array of instruments measuring current, temperature, and
conductivity were suspended from the ice at "0" camp. Instruments included: an
acoustic Doppler profiler (RD Instruments), electromagnetic current meters
(InterOcean S-4), a Savonius rotor current meter (Aanderaa RCM-8), thermistors
(SeaBird SBE-3), platinum electrode conductivity cells (SeaBird SBE-4), and
temperature-conductivity recorders (SeaBird Seacat SBE-16).
The sampling strategy was to densely sample in the vertical at a single site. A
horizontal array was composed of sensors deployed at 7 other locations, primarily at
100 m depth. A plan view showing the relative location of the Central, Satellite and
Comet moorings is presented in Figure 1; the location of observations made by other
investigators is also shown.
The vertical distribution of the instruments is shown in Figure 2. A time line showing
the duration that each instrument was operating is given in Figure 3. The technical
details of each instrument are presented in Tables 1 to 3.
The temperature and conductivity sensors (SeaBird) were connected by individual
wires to the central hut to provide power and receive the frequency signal from the
sensor. A SBE 11/20 (SeaBird) Deck Unit digitized the frequency signal using a
highly accurate hybrid period counting technique. An IBM-compatible laptop
computer (Toshiba) acquired the data through an RS-232 line and averaged values
over 1 minute intervals. The data were then written simultaneously on 3.5" diskettes
and plotted on the screen. The current meters and temperature-conductivity recorders
are internally recording instruments.
At the Central site the ADCP was connected to an RDI J-box by a 10 meter cable to
provide AC power and receive the output. Data acquisition was controlled by an
IBM-compatible 286 using RDI DAS software version 2.34. One-minute averages
were recorded on 5.25" diskettes. A complete description of the setup of the ADCP
is given in Table 2.
Deployment/Recovery
The first instruments were deployed on 27 March (Day of Year 86). The location of
"0" camp as it drifted south and then southwest is shown in Figure 4. The velocity
of the drift is shown in detail in Figure 5. These data are from fixes of transit
satellites recorded by hand before 4 April and thereafter on magnetic tape. The data
CEAREX 0-Camp
400
0
Levine/Poulson
300 -l
200 -
Guest
100AS
Morison Czipott/Podney
0 -I
L-100-1
0
Pinkel
Dillon/Padman
0
z -200-I
Farmer
A
Stanton
Figure 1.
-300-I
Plan view of
s
CEAREX O-Camp
determined by survey.
The locations of the
scientific observations
made
by
all
McPhee
*
-4U0
-300 -200 -100
0
Salargos
100
A
200
300
400
500
East, meters
the
400
investigators are shown in
a. The locations of the
observations discussed in
300-
this report are shown in
0
03
b.
200N
L.
N
N
E
110
100-I
130 CentralComet
040
120
0-I
L -100-1
0
-200-I
02
-300-400
-300 -200 -100
0
100
200
East, meters
300
400
500
4
Vertical Section
Acoustic
Doppler
Profiler
T,C 0 V
TO
50m
Co
80m
T
T,C,P 0
A
Comet
Mooring
(1)
T,C 0
A
Inner
Satellite
Moorings
(3)
T,C d V
0
Outer
Satellite
Moorings
T8 V
T,C
T ,C
loom
0V
150m
T,C 0 V
200m
V
250m
(3)
P,T,C
Central
Mooring
Figure 2. Diagram showing the depths of the temperature (T), conductivity (C),
velocity (V), and pressure (P) sensors deployed below the ice at the CEAREX 0Camp.
5
Day of Year 1989
90
86
100
50m
Central
T
Seabird
80m
Central
C
Seabird
80m
Comet
V
S-4
80m
Comet
T,C
Seacat
Central
T
Seabird
1OOm
Comet
T,C,P
Seacat
1 oOm
Central
T,C
Seabird
100m
Central
V
S-4
100m
Central
V
Aanderaa RCM-5
100m
11,12,13
T,C
Seabird
100m
01,02,03
T,C
Seabird
loom
01,02,03
V
S-4
150m
Central
T
Seacat
150m
Central
V
S-4
200m
Central
T,C
Seacat
200m
Central
V
S-4
250m
Central
T,C,P
Seacat
250m
Central
V
S-4
0 - 250m
Central
V
ADCP-RDI
92m,97m
28 30
March
I
115
95
5
10
April
105
15
110
20
25
1989
Figure 3. Chart indicating the time that data was recorded from each sensor.
120
30
Table 1. CENTRAL. MOORING Instrumentation
Depth,
m
Type of
measurement
Manufacturer*
Serial
Number
Model
Number
Comment
Calibration
Additive
Source
Constant
50
T
SBE
543
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
0.0
50
C
SBE
89
SBE-4
Factory 2/2/89
0.0
80
T
SBE
609
SBE-3
N/A
80
C
SBE
208
SBE-4
11/9/88 relative 519
-.0038 S/m
92
T
SBE
610
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.00866°C
97
T
SBE
611
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.00395°C
100
T
SBE
861
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.00343°C
100
C
SBE
210
SBE-4
11/9/88 relative 519
-.0002 S/m
100
V
InterOcean
20642
S-4
101
V
Aanderaa
4418
RCM-8
150
T,C
SBE
161415-40
SBE-16
150
V
InterOcean
200
T,C
SBE
200
V
InterOcean
250
T,C
SBE
20655
161415-41
20658
161415-50
N/A
Flooded
rn
Vector averaging
Factory 11/18/88
N/A
S-4
SBE-16
11/9/88 (-.7° to 3°)
11/9/88 relative 519
0.0°C
0.0 S/m
11/9/88 (-.7° to 3°)
0.0°C
0.0 S/m
S-4
SBE-16
11/9/88 relative 519
250
P
Paro-scientific
21449
8600
250
V
InterOcean
20763
S-4
= sea-tsira tiectronics
Data recorded on
SBE 16
7
Table 2. ACOUSTIC DOPPLER PROFILER Technical Information
Parameter
Value
Acoustic frequency
Model/serial no.
Comment
307 kHz
ADCP-SC #199
Bin length
4 meters
Pulse length
12 meters
Pings/ensemble
Averaging is done in profiler
54
If less than 50% of the pings in the
ensemble are good, no data are taken
Percent good threshold
50%
of sound
1450 m/s
Speed
Pitch, roll compensation
Not used
Compass compensation
Not used in
velocity data,
but recorded
Blank beyond transmit
Modified for operation at high power with AC.
(Option RD-AC-DR)
1 meter
Used internally to calculate velocity
Data were recorded relative to fixed
ADCP. Absolute orientation of beams
was done by survey.
Delay from end of transmit to start of data
acquisition.
ADCP Depth Bins
Some of the important parameters that controlled the performance of the ADCP include:
c = speed of sound set in acquisition system = 1450 m/s
T = pulse duration in seconds = 12 m x 1.57 ms/m*
D = delay after transmit in seconds = 1 m x 1.57 ms/m7
At = bin length in seconds = 4 m x 1.57 ms/m`
H = transducer depth below ice = 2 m
0 = transducer angle = 30°
The depth in meters, z, of the center of each bin can be found using the formula:
Z= Zee[
T+D+(B-
2)At]+H
where B = bin number. For these paramters the equation becomes:
z=8.9+(B- 2)3.94
'"Note: RDI uses 1.57 ms/m to convert meters of depth to time.
Table 3. SATELLITE MOORINGS Instrumentation
Mooring
Depth
m
Manu-
Type of
measurement
facturer*
Serial
Number
Model
Number
Comment
Calibration
Additive
Source
Constant
-.02972°C
11
100
T
SBE
615
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
11
100
C
SBE
211
SBE-4
N/A
12
100
T
SBE
612
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.02809°C
12
100
C
SBE
209
SBE-4
11/9/88 relative 519
-.0016 S/m
13
100
T
SBE
862
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.02383°C
13
100
C
SBE
212
SBE-4
11/9/88 relative 519
-.0011 S/m
01
100
T
SBE
613
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.03339°C
01
100
C
SBE
363
SBE-4
11/9/88 relative 519
-.0032 S/m
01
100
V
Inter-Ocean
02
100
T
SBE
614
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.03225°C
02
100
C
SBE
364
SBE-4
11/9/88 relative 519
-.0016 S/m
02
100
V
Inter-Ocean
03
100
T
SBE
616
SBE-3
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
-.04151°C
03
100
C
SBE
519
SBE-4
Factory 7/22/88
0.0 S/m
03
100
V
InterOcean
Comet
80
T,C
SBE
Comet
80
V
InterOcean
Comet
100
T,C
SBE
Comet
100
P
Paro-scientific
21432
8600
Comet
100
V
InterOcean
10760
S-4
N/A
Flooded
00
20659
20660
10764
161415-43
20661
161415-51
S-4
S-4
S-4
SBE-16
Factory 11/18/88
S-4
SBE-16
= seatsira Electronics
Factory 6/11/87
-.008°C
Recorded on
SBE 16
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
83
82
Figure 4. Topographic map
of the region around the
Yermak Plateau showing the
drift of the CEAREX 0-
Camp (courtesy of by L.
Pad man).
30
20
CO
NN.
o10
0
CEAREX O-Camp Drift Velocity Vector
I
26 28 30
MAR 89
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
I
23 25 27 29
APR 89
Figure 5. Velocity of the ice camp drift as derived from transit satellite observations. The data were edited, filtered
and supplied by Miles McPhee. This ice camp velocity was used to convert water velocity observations made from
the ice into absolute velocities (relative to the earth). Water velocity observations made before 4 April were not
converted to absolute velocity because of insufficient ice velocity data (shaded).
11
were edited, filtered and supplied by Miles McPhee (McPhee Research).
The central mooring was deployed from an A-frame mounted inside a hut through a 3foot diameter hole in the nearly 3-meter thick ice. The strength member of the
mooring consisted of 3/8" dacron line. In the upper 100 m a total of 5 temperature
and 3 conductivity sensors (SeaBird) were taped to the line. At 100 m two current
meters, an InterOcean S-4 and Aanderaa RCM-8, were shackled next to each other.
The vane on the RCM-8 was shorter than the standard version to permit deployment
through the hole in the ice. At 150, 200 and 250 m current meters (S-4s) and
temperature-conductivity recorders (Seacats) were installed in series with the mooring
line. The bottom Seacat recorder also contained a pressure sensor (Paroscientific
Digiquartz) to monitor mooring motion. The mooring was kept taut with a 300 lb.
weight at the bottom. A small electric capstan and cable come-along were used to
lower the mooring and transfer loads.
The Satellite moorings were installed by first unspooling the entire length
of the preassembled strength member, wire and sensors. The top end of the mooring
was attached to a snowmobile. After attaching a 100 lb. weight to the bottom, the
mooring was lowered in place by driving the snowmobile toward the hole. An oil
drum lying on its side near the hole provided a smooth surface over which the
mooring could slide. Wires were then laid across the ice from the top of the mooring
to the hut. The Inner Satellite moorings were installed through an 8 inch diameter
hole; the Outer Satellite and Comet moorings required a larger 12 inch diameter hole
to accommodate the S-4 current meters.
The acoustic Doppler profiler was deployed by hand through another 3-foot hole
below the hut at the Central site. The transducers were located 1.7 m below the water
level but remained recessed in the hole by about 12 inches. The ADCP was supported
by a rigid pipe in a gimbal mounting that allowed the instrument to hang vertically
while preventing rotation.
The Satellite moorings were retrieved by drilling a 12 inch hole with the hole melter
next to the mooring line. The mooring line was then pulled horizontally into the
recovery hole and dragged over an oil drum by a snowmobile. A tripod was
positioned over the hole to assist in holding the weight while the current meters were
unshackled. The Central mooring and ADCP were retrieved through the same holes
through which they were deployed; to keep ice from forming heat was added
continuously from the space heater by circulating water through a heat exchanger.
12
CALIBRATION
Absolute Velocity
Current meters moored from the ice record the sum of the water and ice velocity. To
estimate absolute water velocity (relative to the earth), the ice velocity needs to be
subtracted from the observations. All the velocity observations presented here after
the start of April 4 are absolute velocities which were estimated using the ice velocity
shown in Fig. 5. Before April 4 relative velocities are used, since the ice velocity
during this period is not well resolved.
Temperature
A calibration was performed before shipping the sensors to CEAREX in November
1988 at OSU. The bath temperature ranged from -0.7° to 3°C; a platinum
thermometer with a Miller Bridge was used as the temperature standard.
Unfortunately it was not possible to lower the temperature of the bath to the desired
value of -2°C. The sensors that were calibrated included: SeaBird temperature sensor
(SBE-3) nos. 543, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 861, 862; and SeaBird
Seacats (SBE-16) nos. 41, 50, 51.
Another calibration was performed at OSU after CEAREX in January 1990. The bath
temperature ranged from -2° to 30°C; again, the platinum thermometer with MUller
Bridge was used as the standard. This calibration was found to be consistent with the
November 1988 calibration. However, since the range extended to -2°C, the January
1990 results are probably a better choice to use in interpreting CEAREX observations.
Unfortunately the Seacats were not included in this calibration. The only drawback
for using the January 1990 calibrations is that there is a well-documented long-term
drift associated with the Seabird sensors. However, this drift is extremely low in
older, aged sensors with serial numbers lower than 616; the two new sensors, nos.
861 and 862, did appear to drift about .02°C in the 21 months between calibrations.
Any correction for drift is combined with the adjustment made during the in situ
calibration described below.
During CEAREX between 0600 and 0700 GMT on Day 106 (16 April) the upper
layer was deeper than 100 m and nearly well-mixed. Since many of these sensors
were moored at 100 m or less, this permitted an in situ intercomparison of sensor
calibrations. By comparing the average temperature during this one hour period, it
was discovered that there was a positive temperature offset (shift to higher sensor
frequency) that seemed to increase as a function of wire length. The largest offset
was nearly .04°C for the sensor located at 03. Although the explanation of this offset
has not be exhaustively explored, laboratory tests after returning from CEAREX
indicate that increased wire length can indeed cause a positive frequency shift.
Final choices of calibration constants were based on examining the results of all three
13
calibrations: November 1988, January 1990, and CEAREX in situ comparison.
Sensor no. 543 was believed to be relatively free of the effects of wire length, since it
was only 50 m, and hence the calibrations from January 1990 were used without
correction. Therefore the temperature at 50 m from no. 543 was used as the standard
for the in situ calibration. To transfer this standard to depths of 92, 97 and 100 m,
vertical temperature differences measured with the RSVP by T. Dillon and L. Padman
(OSU) were used. Specifically casts at 0620 and 0640 were used to adjust the
standard at 50 m to other depths. To force all sensors to agree during this in situ
comparison (presumably accounting for wire length effects) a constant was added to
the January 1990 calibrations (see Table 4a). Sensor no. 609 flooded on deployment
and produced no data. Seacats have no wire and hence are not subject to this offset.
Therefore, November 1988 calibrations were used for Seacat nos. 41 and 50. Nos. 43
and 40 were repaired and calibrated at the factory just prior to CEAREX. No. 51
showed large deviations near -2°C when the November 1988 and original factory
calibrations were compared; hence it was decided to use the factory calibrations (June
1987) and add -.008°C to adjust for long-term drift.
Conductivity
A calibration was performed at OSU in November 1988 during the temperature
calibration described above. The sensors that were calibrated included: Seabird
conductivity sensors (SBE-4) Nos. 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 363, 364, 519; and
Seacats (SBE-16) nos. 41, 50, 51. Seawater from Newport was used in the bath, and
a Guildline salinometer calibrated with Copenhagen standard water was used to
determine salinity. A new Seabird conductivity sensor (SBE-4) no. 519 was included
in the calibration bath. Comparisons between this sensor and our determination of the
bath conductivity indicated a .004 Siemens/m offset (at -1°C the factory calibrations
give a higher conductivity than our bath indicated). A recent factory calibration in
April 1990 of the same sensor indicated a drift of only about .001 S/m over the entire
21 month life of the sensor. Comparison with the conductivity observed by J.
Morison (APL/UW) during the CEAREX in situ calibration indicated that a .004 S/m
offset was unreasonable. Therefore, we have used no. 519 as the standard for the
November 1988 calibration. Note that we used a polynomial fit to the data rather
than the analytical form used by Seabird, which was found to be unstable over the
short range of this calibration. No conductivity calibration was attempted during the
temperature calibration of January 1990.
During the CEAREX in situ calibration described above it appeared that there was an
offset of conductivity due to wire length just as was observed for temperature sensors.
However, the trend was not obviously a monotonic function of wire length. The
greatest outlier in this trend was no. 519 which was at the end of the longest wire, yet
produced reasonable results. Perhaps this newest version sensor has a different line
driver? Another possible complication is that some of the sensors during the
November calibrations at OSU were connected with a long wire--unfortunately we do
not know which sensors. Obviously, this further complicates the calibration
determination.
14
Table 4. Temperature & Conductivity Calibrations
TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION used for CEAREX
S/N
Mooring
Depth
Calibrations
Additive
Constant
543
610
611
861
615
612
862
613
614
616
Central
Central
Central
Central
Il
12
13
01
02
03
43
51
40
Comet
Comet
Central
41
Central
Central
50
50
92
97
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
80
100
150
200
250
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1 / 10/90 (-2- to 30-)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
1/10/90 (-2° to 30°)
FACTORY 11/18/88
FACTORY 6/11/87
FACTORY 11/18/88
11/9/88 (-.7° to 3°)
11/9/88 (-.7° to 3°)
0.0
-.00866
-.00395
-.00343
-.02972
-.02809
-.02383
-.03339
-.03225
-.04151
0.0
-.008
0.0
0.0
0.0
CONDUCTIVITY CALIBRATION used for CEAREX
S/N
Mooring
Depth
Calibrations
Additive
Constant
(mS/cm)
89
208
210
209
212
Central
Central
Central
12
13
363
364
519
01
43
51
40
41
50
Comet
Comet
Central
Central
Central
02
03
50
80
100
100
100
100
100
100
80
100
150
200
250
FACTORY 2/2/89
11/9/88 relative 519
11/9/88 relative 519
11/9/88 relative 519
11/9/88 relative 519
11/9/88 relative 519
11/9/88 relative 519
FACTORY 7/22/88
0.0
-.038
-.002
-.016
FACTORY 11/18/88
FACTORY 6/11/87
FACTORY 11/18/88
11/9/88 relative 519
11/9/88 relative 519
0.011
-.011
-.032
-.016
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15
The final choice of calibration constants was determined as follows (see Table 4b).
As with temperature, the sensor at 50 m (no. 89) was considered to be relatively free
from the effects of wire length. Since it was a newly refurbished and calibrated
sensor (February 1989), the factory calibrations were used. Sensor no. 519 (July
1988 calibration) and Seacat no. 51 (June 1987 calibration) gave consistent values of
conductivity during the in situ calibration and therefore were used as the standard for
100 m. Hence for sensor nos. 210, 209, 212, 363, 364, the November 1988
calibrations (relative to no. 519) were used with an additive offset forcing agreement
with sensors no. 519 and no. 51. The standard used at 80 m during the in situ
calibration was obtained by using the 50 m value from sensor no. 89 and adding the
conductivity difference measured by the RSVP during this time. To match this
standard, a constant was added to the November calibrations of nos. 208 and 43. The
calibrations for the Seacats nos. 40, 41 and 50 were from the same calibrations as
used for temperature.
Magnetic Declination
The magnetic declination is needed to correct compasses in the S-4 and Aanderaa
current meters in order to determine the absolute direction of water velocity. The
declination at the 0 camp changed with time because the camp moved. It was
measured directly by Roger Andersen (APL/UW) using a small hand-held compass at
the time a sun shot was made (Fig. 6). The resulting time series is noisy and contains
gaps when the sun was not visible. An independent estimate of declination was kindly
provided by Shaul Levi (Oregon State University) by evaluating a global fit of
declination at 0 camp positions. This series is relatively smooth and follows
Andersen's values on average (Fig. 6). Values ranged from -6° to -11 ° over the
course of the experiment. For simplicity it was decided to use a constant value of -7°
to correct the current meter records. The equation relating a heading measured with a
compass, H, and the heading relative to true north, T, is given by:
H-7° =T,
that is, true north points in a direction 7° clockwise from the direction of magnetic
north.
Compass Check
The compass in each S4 current meter was checked before shipping at OSU. Each
instrument was mounted on a stand and rotated in 10° increments (Fig. 7a). The
average deviation from the expected values was about 1 ° for all instruments. The
variation about this average ranged from +1* to ±5*.
A compass check of all current meters was performed at 0 camp after recovery. Each
instrument was mounted on a stand with data taken every 45° of rotation (Fig. 7b).
As the instrument was rotated around the compass, the average deviation from the
expected values ranged from near 0° to 6°. The variation about this average ranged
from +-5* for some instruments to as large as ± 10° for others. This variation is
Magnetic declination
Comparison of Sun Shot (Roger Andersen) with
Geophysics equation
0.00
0
4)
Figure 6.
The magnetic
declination at the location of
0)
the ice camp estimated by
two
methods;
Direct
(labeled Sun Shot)
were made (Roger Andersen,
UW/APL) by determining
magnetic north from a handheld compass and true north
from measuring the position
estimates
C
-5.00
0
.-
-7 deg
0
#.
I
fl
of the sun with a theodolite.
The other estimate (labeled
Equation) was determined
from a best-fit function of the
earth's magnetic field (kindly
provided by Shaul Levi,
O-
0
Q)
0-10.00
Oregon State University). A
0
0
s-
constant magnetic declination
of -7° was chosen to correct
all the compasses in the
current meters.
Su
0)
Shot
Eq ation
80
90
100
Day of Year
110
120
17
Pre-Cearex S-4 Compass Check / OSU
ja
t
C
0 0.00
0
°
'.
.
t
!
1
1
s
i
1
1
$
F-
O
rO
F-
O
(00
0
(0
((00
0
0
(Si
((00
t(00
N
N
Cearex Compass Check
Figure 7. The deviation of
the current meter compasses
(identified by serial numbers,
b
a)
a)
see Tables 1 & 3) from the
L
0)
expected direction as they are
0
a)
rotated is shown before the
experiment (a) and after (c).
A compass check was also
.0-1
made at CEAREX (b) by
0
comparing the magnetic
declination determined by the
0
- ...... r -
_IF .. ..
_____
C
0a)
compass, as it was rotated at
different angles, with the
actual value (dashed line).
The average value of all the
different angles is also
indicated (square).
0
a)
-2
(0
ti
O
K)
(0
It
(O
ti
N
IT
(0
0
-2
to
to
0)
to.
(0
0
OD
u')
00
(D
(0
0(0
to
(0
(0
N
N
rn
0
p
a
Z
12-3
Post-Cearex S-4 Compass Check / OSU
15.00
C
T
t
C
0
5.00
a
a)
0.00
1
i
rn
U,
a
0.. -5.00
E
0
O
t0
f,
0
(0
F-
R
(0
N
N
d'
(0
N
-10.00
U)
U)
(0
0
aD
t)
(0
(Si
U)
0
(0
(0
(0
(0
(Si
(Si
(Si
0)
(0
18
much greater than was found at OSU for the same instruments. It is not clear if the
large variations are due to the cold weather or the weakness of the horizontal
component of the magnetic field. In any case no correction to the measured data was
made based on this compass check.
A post-Cearex compass check of the S4s was also performed at OSU (Fig. 7c). The
average deviation from expected values was within 1 °, except for #10760, which
showed an average deviation of 80. The variation about this average ranged from
±1° to ±4°, except for #10760, which showed variations of ± 7°. It appears that
the problem with the compass on #10760 was intermittent. This can be seen by
comparing the Cearex data from this instrument with another instrument at the same
depth but different location. Therefore, data from this instrument located at Comet
100 m is not shown in this report.
ADCP Alignment Procedure and Camp Azimuth
Since the ADCP was rigidly mounted to the ice, the horizontal orientation of the camp
is needed in order to relate the velocities to true north. The Camp Azimuth was
defined as the clockwise angle between the lines: Central site-to-true north and Central
site-to-theodolite (Fig. 1). Camp Azimuth was estimated by Roger Andersen on a
daily basis, weather permitting, using the sun to determine true north (Fig. 8).
A compass mounted rigidly to the ice on the ADCP was also used to estimate
variations in Camp Azimuth. To relate the compass values to true north, the timevarying magnetic declination supplied by Levi was used (Fig. 6). The low frequency
variations agree well with Andersen's Camp Azimuth, except that an ad hoc constant
offset of 18 ° needed to be applied to the ADCP compass. The time variability of the
compass appears to be reasonable; the cause of this offset is not yet known. It
therefore appears that while the compass data cannot be used to determine absolute
Camp Azimuth, it can provide high-frequency observations of camp rotation. This
may be useful in interpolating missing values from Andersen's Camp Azimuth record.
The line from beam 4 through beam 3 is used to reference the ADCP to true north
(Fig. 9). The orientation of this line was determined by the camp survey. The
ADCP software assumes that beam 3 points northward. To calculate velocities
relative to true north, the reference frame was rotated 155° anticlockwise. This
rotation is based on a 240° Camp Azimuth. As the camp rotates an additional
rotation of the coordinate is needed; however, the time-dependent Camp Azimuth
correction was not applied to the data. For most of the experiment the Camp Azimuth
was between 235° and 240° (Fig. 8).
Therefore, the orientation of the individual beams for a 240° Camp Azimuth was:
Beam 1, 245 °; Beam 2, 65 0; Beam 3, 155 ° ; Beam 4, 335 ° (angles measured
clockwise from true north).
CEAREX Camp Azimuth
Sun Shot Method (Andersen)
245
vs ADCP Compass (Levine/Paulson
Figure 8. The rotation of
the O-Camp ice floe was
estimated by two methods.
The line between the location
240
of the theodolite and
the
Levine/Paulson stovepipe was
used as the reference. The
angle between this line and
true north was called the
Camp Azimuth
Figure
235
I
9
7
0
9).
measurements
(also
see
Direct
(dots)
were
made with a theodolite using
the sun as reference weather
permitting (Roger Andersen,
UW/APL). The compass on
the ADCP also recorded the
ice rotation (solid line).
230
Doppler Compass Heading (arbitrary offset)
Camp Azimuth (Sunshot, Roger Andersen)
225
-rr-r-rrr-r
80
90
100
110
Day of Year, 1989
120
ADCP Alignment
150
Figure
9,
Detailed
diagram of the orientation
100-I
of the four beams of the
ADCP.
13
0
Central
Comet
Theodolite
110
0
ADCP Beams
4
I
2400
1
0
Camp Azmuth
-50-I
-goo
-50
O
ADCP Survey Points thru Beams 3 & 4
0
50
100
The figure is
drawn assuming a 240°
Camp Azimuth.
The
time dependence of the
East, meters
150
200
Camp Azimuth is shown
in Figure 8.
21
Pressure/Depth
Pressure sensors (Paroscientific) were located at the end of the Comet and Central
moorings (see Tables 1 & 3). Factory calibrations were used to convert the data to
absolute pressure. A constant value of 10 db was subtracted for the atmospheric
contribution to the total pressure (Fig. 10).
A significant portion of the observed pressure fluctuations can be attributed to the
atmospheric variations (Fig. 10). This is demonstrated by comparing the atmospheric
pressure record (Guest and Davidson; Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey) with the
observed pressure. Other fluctuations are due to the tilting of the mooring caused by
horizontal velocity of the water relative to the ice.
The factors used to convert pressure in decibars to depth in meters are .98776 and
.98412, for 100 m and 250 m respectively. These values are based on a value of
gravitational acceleration of 9.831 m/s 2 and the average value of in situ density from
RSVP profiles--1027.5 kg/m-3 and 1027.65 kg/rri 3 from 100 and 250 m respectively
(Padman and Dillon, 1990). The best estimate of the depths of the sensors are 99.7 m
and 249.7 m; extremely close to the target depths of 98.8 and 248.8 m.
22
CEAREX 0 Camp Air Pressure
I
I
I
1030
1010
990
970
CEAREX Comet Digiquartz Pressure near 100m
100.2
CEAREX Central Mooring Digiquartz Pressure near 250m
254.0+
I
28 30
MAR 89
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15 17 19
r),
21
23 25 27
APR 89
Figure 10. The pressure recorded at the bottom of the Comet and Central moorings.
For comparison the atmospheric pressure is also shown.
23
TIME SERIES AT 100 m: LOW-PASS FILTERED
The following four plots are observations of temperature, conductivity, salinity and
velocity at 100 m depth from the Central, I1, 12, 13, 01, 02, 03 and Comet
moorings. Temperature and conductivity observations are from individual SeaBird
sensors except for the Seacat temperature-conductivity recorders used on the Comet
mooring. The velocity observations are from S-4 current meters. Note: absolute
velocities are presented after the start of April 4; relative velocities are shown before.
(See Tables 1 and 3.)
25
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
z
z
m
-2.0
I
I---I- ii
z
z
m
0.0
:C7
0
c
li
1
Im
-2.0
0.0
-1.0+
-1)
I---I
Ii
I
0.0+
-1.0+
-2.0
0.0
TO
0
-1.0+
-2.0
M
I
1-1
228 30
11
1TT 1
MAR 89
+i+++i
+
7
9
1-1
13 15 17 19 21
2 23 25 27
APR 89
26
CEAREX Conductivity at 100m
29.0
m
z
28.0
27.0
z
z
m
z
z
m
CA
28.0+
27.0
29.0
0
28-0--
27.0-28 30
MAR 89
m
1
7'
'9' 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
APR 89
27
CEAREX Salinity at 100m
28 3O
.3
'1
5
.7 .
. 9*
11'
13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
APR 89
MAR 89
34.5-34.3--
34.1--
34.5-34.3-34.1+
34.5-34.3-34.1-1-
i
28 30
MAR 89
1
3
5
7
9
11
13 15
APR 89
1
28
CEAREX Lowpass Filtered Velocities at 100m
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
E
0
-15.0
0.0t
5O
15.0
tw
mr-
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
30
1
MAR 89
3.
5
7
.9
11
'13
15
APR 89
17
19
21
23 25 27
29
TIME SERIES AT CENTRAL SITE:
LOW-PASS FILTERED
The following seven plots are observations of temperature, conductivity, salinity and
velocity from the Central site. Temperature and conductivity observations at 50, 80,
and 100 m are from individual SeaBird sensors; data from 150, 200, and 250 m are
from Seacat temperature-conductivity recorders. The shorter velocity records at 25,
50, 75, and 150 m are from the ADCP; the data from 100, 200, and 250 m are from
S-4s. Vertical shear is defined as
y
ti
ushallowe.-udeeper
25m
are from observations made by the ADCP. Note: absolute velocities are presented
after the start of April 4; relative velocities are shown before. (See Tables 1,2 and 3.)
31
CEAREX Temperatures
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
28 30
1
3' '5' '7' '9
MAR 89
1 1'
1315 17 19 21 23 25 27
APR 89
a
L
a,
a
E
a.)
28 30
MAR 89
1
3
5
7
9
11' 13 15 1719 21 23 25 27
APR 89
32
CEAREX Conductivity
29.0+
28.0+
27.0
29.0
28.0+
27.0+
11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
9
.5
APR 89
MAR 89
0
C
0
32.0
31.0+
'
I
I
I
28 30
MAR 89
I
1
I
I
1
I
1
I
1
1
1
1
3
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
I
1
I
1
1
1
1
7
9
11
13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
APR 89
33
CEAREX Vertical Salinities
34.5
34.4
34.3
34.2
34.1
34.0
28 30
9
11'
13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
APR 89
MAR 89
34.6
34.5
34.4
34.3
3
34.
vLn
28 30
1
3
5
7
9
11
13 15 17 19 21 23 25 .27
APR 89
MAR 89
35.0-34.9-34.8 -wo
34.7-34.6
34.5
n
35.2-35.1-35.0-34.9
34.8--
M
N
U, Z
o
3D
34.7
283 0
MAR 89
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
1 5 17 19 21 23 25 27
APR 89
34
CEAREX Central Mooring U Velocities
N
r
Cn
T3
M
I
15.0--
0.0-- 15.0
NON
0
0
3
15.0--
0.0--
3
- 15.0
30 1
MAR 89
3
5
7
9'
*11'
'13
'15
APR 89
17
19
21
23 25 27
35
CEAREX Central Mooring V Velocities
15.0--
vcn
0.0
3
11
E
-15.0
r
V
0
0
1
N0
0
a)
3
V
3
N
0
O
I
A
3
"V
r---r
30
1
MAR 89
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
APR 89
17
19
21
23 25 27
36
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
U,
E
15.0
U
0
0
0. 0
-15.0
as
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
0
;:\
3
-15.0
15.0
0
0.0
-15.0
30 .1. .3.
MAR 89
5.
.7. .9
11'
'13
'15
APR 89
17
19
21
23 25 27
37
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
0.005
0.000
-0.005
0.005
-1 0.000
-0.005
0.005
0.000
-0.005
0.005
r
0.000
-0.005
0.005
0.000
-0.005
0.005
W-
0.000
-0.005
0.005
W-
III
0.000
-0.005
6
8
10
12
14
'16.
18
APR 89
20
22
24
26
.J
28'
39
TIME SERIES OF TEMPERATURE AT 100 m:
UNFILTERED
On the following 29 pages are observations of temperature at 100 m depth from the
Central, 11, 12, 13, 01, 02, 03 and Comet moorings.
41
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
C-)
m
z
xl
r
z
m
xl
z
m
xl
N
z
m
xl
C
0
C
m
0
C
m
xl
0
M
x
7
w
I
0
0
M
2
4
6
8
10
12
30 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 89
42
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0
P1
z
D
z
m
z
rrn
N
z
m
CA
0
M
C-)
0
rn
-I-I0
4
6
8
10
12
31 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 90
43
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
r
z
rn
0.0+
X
-1.0+
-2.0
0.0
-1.0+
-2.0
0.0
0 -1.0
-2.0
CL
0.0
-2.0
0.0
°c
-1.0+
NJ
-2.0
0.0
CC
-1.0+
I
-2.0
0.0+
-1.0+
-2.0+0
0
T ITr
T- 4
2
_T_,
'
6
8
10
12
1 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year
91
44
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 92
45
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
m
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
rn
-1.0
-2.0
z
z
0.0
m
M
-1.0
w
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-2.0
0
0.0
c
rn
-1.0
N
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-1.0
I
C4
-2.0
0
0
K
M
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
3 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 93
46
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
4 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 94
47
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
n
P1
z
-1
'
-2.0
.
.
.
z
z
rn
0.0+
--
z
z
m
0.0+
-1.0
L4
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-1.0
-2.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.0 +
-1.0+
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-1.0+
-2.0
n
0
K
M
0
4
6
8
10'
*12'
5 APR 89
"14
16
18
- Day
20
22
of Year 95
48
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
'12*
6 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 96
49
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
0
M
-1.0
D
z
-H
-2.0
z
0.0
m
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
m
X
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
m
L4
0
c
M
-2.0
0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0
c
0.0
M
-1.0
W
-2.0
0.0
0)
-1.0
M
0
-2.0
0
4
6
10"
12"
7 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 97
50
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
i
i
0
I
TTTTI.I
I
I
2
4
6
8
10
12
8 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 98
51
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0
0.0+
-1.0
-2.0
z
z
rh
0.0
-1.0
-2.0+
0.0+
-2.0
CL
Q
-
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
II
I
+
+
0.0
-1.0+
0' '2'
'4' '6' '8'
'10'
'12'
9 APR 89
'14"
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 99
52
CEAREX
Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
10
12
10 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 100
53
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
2
4
6
8
10
12
11 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 101
54
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
10'
*12'
12 APR 89
"14
.
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 102
55
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
v
0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
2
4
6
8
10
12
13 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 103
56
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
I
I
'
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
}
I
0.0+
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
0.04-
0
-2.0
I
0
I
I
2
I
I
4
I
I
6
I
8
I J 1---I I I
I
10
12
14 APR 89
14
16
I
18
I
I
20
I
I
22
Day of Year 104
57
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
C-)
0.0
m
-1.0
D
z
-2.0
0.0
z
r1
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
-1.0
-2.0
0
0.0
c
M
X
-1.0
-2.0
0
c
0.0
M
-1.0
N
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-1.0
W
-2.0
0.0
C0)
-1.0
P1
0
K
-2.0
2
4
6
8
10'
12"
15 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 105
58
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0+
-1.0+
20
0.0+
0E
Q) -1.0
-1.0+
-1.0i
-4
0.0+
-1.0+
-2.0+
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
16 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 106
59
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0+
-1.0+
0
-1.0+
lkp
u
-2.0
0.0
.tl
A
-1.0+
-2.0f,-;
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
17 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 107
C
M
I
C.4
60
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
t
0.0+
zz
rn
0.0
X
N
I
-2 0
I
0.0+
I
I
+z
_
1.0+/V
11t
-2.0
a 0.0
-1.0
a
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10' '12'
18 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 108
61
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
4
6
8
10
12
19 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 109
62
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
10'
'12'
20 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 110
63
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
i
2
i4
1
111
6
1
8
1
10
1 112 1T14I
21 APR 89
I
1
16
1
1
18
1
1
20
1
4
22
Day of Year 111
64
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
n
m
z
-i
0.0
-1.0
2J
D
-2.0
z
z
m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
z
z
0.0
m
-1.0
N
-2.0
z
z
m
0.0
-1.0
C-4
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-1.0
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-1.0
-2.0
0
0.0
c
M
-1.0
W
-2.0
n
0.0
0
M
-1.0
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
22 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 112
65
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
2' .4' .6' .8.
'10.
'12'
23 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 113
66
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0' '2' '4'
'6, '8.
.10.
.12.
24 APR 89
.14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 114
67
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
2
4
6
8
10
12
25 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 115
68
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-1.0+
-1.0+
-2.0+r-i-r
-T-
t
T- I
0.0 +
-1.0+
3D
w
-2.0
0.0
-1.0+
-2.0 +
0.0+
zz
m
.
.
.
.
.
.
i
1
1
II
1-4
-1.0+
-2.0+
0.0+
-1.0+
0.0 +
-1.0+
-2.0 +
10
12
26 APR 89
14
16
18
20
.22
Day of Year 116
69
CEAREX Temperatures at 100m
C)
0.0
m
z
-
-1.0
D
-2.0
zz
m
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
z
m
-1.0
W
-2.0
0
0.0
M
M
-1.0
-2.0
0
0.0
M
-1.0
N
-2.0
0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
0
0.0
0
M
-1.0
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
27 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 117
71
TIME SERIES OF TEMPERATURE
AT CENTRAL SITE: UNFILTERED
On the following 31 pages are observations of temperature from the Central site at
depths of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 m.
73
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
150m
2
4
6
fTTTTT
6 16
14
12
10
28 MAR 89
1
I
I
I
i
i
22
Day of Year 87
18
20
1
74
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
TI- I
I
I
I
I
I'I
I TAI
10
12
29 MAR 89
I
14
I
I
16
I
18
I
s
20
22
Day of Year 88
75
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
4
6'
'8'
'10
'12'
30 MAR 89
'14
'16
18
20
22
Day of Year 89
76
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, - 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
I
e
s
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
2.04-
u
1.5+
200m
0.5+
-0.5+
-1.0+
-1.5+
-2.0+
'12 '14
31 MAR 89
10'
a
'16
18
20
22
Day of Year 90
77
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0 4
2.5
2.0;
0.5+
150m
-0.5+
-1.0+
-1.5+
-2.0+
0
2
4' '6' '8'
'10'
'12'
1 APR 89
'14
'16
'18
20
22
Day of Year 91
78
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
10 '12' 14
2 APR 89
'16'
18
20
22
Day of Year 92
79
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
2
4
6
10 '12' '14
3 APR 89
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 93
80
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
loom
-1.5+
-2.0+
.2y-j''yl
50m
'12 '14
4APR 89
10
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 94
81
CEAREX
Temperatures at 50m, 1OOm, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
10'
*12
5 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 95
82
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
4
6
8
10'
'12'
6 APR 89
'14
'16
18
20
22
Day of Year 96
83
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
12'
7 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 97
84
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
'12'
8 APR 89
'14
'16'
18
20
22
Day of Year 98
85
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
4
6
12 14
9 APR 89
10'
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 99
86
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
4
6
10
12
10 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 100
87
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
-0.5+
r"lWN%N-w-2.0 +
50m
0
2
4
10 '12' 14
11 APR 89
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 101
88
CEAR.EX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
20
150m
-2.0+
50m
0' '2' '4' '6' '8
'10'
'12
12 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 102
89
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
-2.0 +
50m
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
13 APR 89
14
16
18
20r
22
Day of Year 103
90
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
-2.0+
50m
0
2
4
'6'
10 .12 '14
14 APR 89
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 104
91
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
10
12
15 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 105
92
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
8
'12 *14
16 APR 89
10'
'16
18
20
22
Day of Year 106
93
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
0.0+
-0.5+
100m
-1.0+
L
150m
-1.5+
Uad
-2.0+
50m
0' '2' '4' '6'
8
'10'
'12'
17 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 107
94
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
18 APR 89
Day of Year 108
95
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
-2.0+
50m
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
19 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 109
96
CEAREX Temperatures
at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
2.0+
A
A
VN)
- 1.0
-2.0+
50m
2
4
6
'8
10
12'
20 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 110
97
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5+
0
0
150m
-1.5
100m
-2.0+
50m
0'
4
6
8
10
12
21 APR 89
14
l6
18
20
22
Day of Year 111
98
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
10 '12 '14
22 APR 89
'16
18
20
22
Day of Year 112
99
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8'
'10'
"12'
23 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 113
100
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
2'
4' '6' '8'
'12 '14
24 APR 89
'10'
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 114
101
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
-0.5+
-1.0+
-1.5+
-2.0+
0
2
4
6
8
10'
'12
25 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 115
102
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5+
3.0+
2.5
20
N
200m
1.5+
0.5+
150m
0.0+
-0.5+
-2.0+
50m
'4,
2'
'6' '8'
'12 14
26 APR 89
'10'
'16
18
20
22
Day of Year 116
103
CEAREX Temperatures at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.5
-2.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
12
27 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 117
105
TIME SERIES OF VELOCITY AT 100 m:
UNFILTERED
On the following 31 pages are observations of velocity at 100 m depth from the
Central, 01, 02, and 03 moorings. These data were recorded by S-4 current meters.
Note: absolute velocities are presented after the start of April 4; relative velocities are
shown before. (See Tables 1 and 3).
107
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
15.0+
0.0+
E -15.0
0
>
15.0
0.0
-15.04-
15.0--
- 15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
28 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 87
108
North
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
15.0
0.0
-15.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
10
12
29 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 88
109
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
m
15.0
0.0
7
-'
ii
'l l l
'I
z
'I ! rI it y,
r
D
-15.0
0
c
15.0
11-1
m
0.0
E -15.0
0
c
m
-15.0
0
c
15.0
m
0.0
w
-15.0
0
2
4
6
10
12
30 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 89
110
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
North
15.0
-15.0+
-15.0+
0*
2
'4' '6' '8'
*10*
'12"
31 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 90
111
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
AL
1
0
rlUIT'vo,4LUI,101 m,
b
15.0--
>
0.0
0
m
L4
0' '2'
4
6
"8'
'10'
'12"
1 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year
91
112
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
m
z
r-
0
C
m
C
m
0
C
m
C4
10
12
2 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 92
113
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
m
z
15.0
jot
0.0
4
D
-15.0
O
15.0
C
m
0.0
-15.0
-15.0
O
15.0
C
0.0
CA
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
3 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 93
114
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
}-I
15.0
z
0.0
-15.0
f
I
i
-15.0+
15.0
0.0
'A'
t\\
-15.0
2
4
6
8
10
12
4 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 94
115
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
North
0
m
15.0
z
0.0
jowl
-15.0
rD
-0
c
m
0
c
rn
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
5 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 95
116
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
t North
15.0
0.0
I'e
-15.0
15.0
0.0
15.0
>
15.0
fig
dill
0 .0
-15.0+
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2"
'4' "6' '8'
"10
12
6 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 96
117
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
15.0-
0.0- 15.0
0
C
Cl,
M
.4
0.0
E -15.0
15.0+
0.0 .jLKi4N
0
c
`y
\IAfl11n\
m
'1 1.
-15.0+
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
7 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 97
118
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
15.0
z
0.0
-15.0
0
C
15.0
U,
0.0
E -15.0
o
>
15.0
0c
1
0.0
M
N
-15.0
+0
15.0+
0.0
0.0vi`,I
CA
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
8 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 98
119
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
15.0-0. 0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
9 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 99
120
T T°-Tr
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
1
1
1
1
1
1
,
1
15.0-
L
I
1
I
I
1
1
n
m
z
0.0,
D
-15.015.0
0
>
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
c
15.0
m
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
10
12
10 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 100
121
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
z
-15.0+
15.0+
._.I+o
0.0
-15.0
+0
15.0+
0. 0
-15.0+
15.0-
-15.0-0
2
4
6
8
10
12
11 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 101
122
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
m
15.0
z
0.0
r-
-15.0
0
C
m
0
C
rn
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8'
'10
12
12 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 102
123
tNorth
FA
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0.0
E -15.0
I
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
13 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 103
124
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
North
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 104
125
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
m
z
X
D
0C
m
0
C
--I
rn
N
0
C
-I
m
w
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
15 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 105
126
North
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
C
m
I7
0
C
m
0
C
m
CA
16 APR 89
Day of Year 106
127
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
15.0
1M,L.
WMA\\'\\\I Ih
1, it, i i I//
.
"Ak\\\\\%1W--
7
-15.0
0.0
*E3
Q)
>
15.
II'
ITIALIAfly
+
v\\
--.,mOOMMER
C
0
M
0.0
N
-15
0
c
m
X
I
W
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
17 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 107
128
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
m
z
r-
0
C
m
0
C
m
0
C
m
w
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
18 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 108
129
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at lOOm
I
I
11111
I
0
m
15.0-
z
0.(
—15.0
I
I
15.0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
'V
C
rn
U,
—15.0
I
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I/I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
.0C
15.0•
-I
m
a)
>
-?
NJ
—15.0I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
0
15.0-
C
rn
—15.00
2468101214
19 APR 89
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 109
130
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
15.0
0.0
-15.0+
0
15.0+
--
m
0.
E
0
>
-15.0
15.0-0.
o
AV
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
20 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 110
131
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
?North
15.0
C)
m
z
0.0-,
-15.0
15.0+
-15.0
-15.0
VA
-emp-
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
21 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 111
132
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
0
m
z
r
0
C
M
11-1
Cn
0
C
m
0
15.0+
C
m
0
C4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
22 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 112
133
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
m
z
D
0
C
rn
0
C
m
0
C
--1
m
U
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
23 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 113
134
'North
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
I
`
I
I
'
I
I
I
I TI-T I
I
I
I
I
I
I
,
-
15.0-
- c)
m
z
0.0-
D
-15.0 I
I
I
I
I
i
I
I
I
,
I
I
I
I
I-
I
i
I
-0
c
15.0
0.0 -
m
4
II"ti
15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
24 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 114
135
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
TNorth
0
rn
15.0-
z
0.0-
-15-00
15.0+
c
m
0.0
-15.0
0
>
0
15.0
In
0.0
N
-15.0
0
15.0
c
m
0.0
C,J
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
25 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 115
136
tNorth
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
0
C
m
0
C
M
0
C
-i
m
10
12
26 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 116
137
CEAREX Velocities at 100m
North
0
m
15.0
z
0.0
r-
-15.0
0
c
m
X
0
15.01
>
0.0
t 0c
Ph
M
-15.0
0
C
15.0
m
0.0
L4
-15.0
2
4
6
8
10
12
27 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 117
139
TIME SERIES OF VELOCITY AT 100 m:
HIGH-PASS FILTERED
On the following 31 pages are observations of velocity at 100 m depth from the
Central, 01, 02, and 03 moorings. These data were recorded by S-4 current meters;
a high-pass filter with a 6 hour cutoff has been applied. Note: absolute velocities are
presented after the start of April 4; relative velocities are shown before. (See Tables
1and3).
141
tNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0--
T
C)
Co
0.0--
0
-8.0
8.0
0
C
-I
m
0.0+
0
C
--I
0.0+
-8.0
8.0
0
C
m
0.04-
W
-8.0+
10
12
28 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 87
142
tNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0+
0
0.0
0
I---I-
I
I I -I
8.0 +
0
C
0.0+
m
8.0
8.0
0
0
>
0.0
0.0+
w
-8.0+
10'
'12'
'14'
29 MAR 89
'16'
'18
20
22
Day of Year 88
143
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
v
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
C
m
0.0
N
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
-8.0
2
4
6
8
.10.
.12.
30 MAR 89
.14.
-16
18
20
22
Day of Year 89
144
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
0
C
rn
0
C
m
N
0
C
m
1 APR 89
Day of Year
91
145
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
10
12
2 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 92
146
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
1North
8.0
0.0-
-,
-8.0
8.0
AL-41
0.0
E
0
0
0
-8.0
8.0
lu
0.0-
I,Ii'
..
,\\`a\1 `
-*A,
111/
rl'
i
-8.0
q
8.0
0
C
-i
m
0.0
w
-8.0
0
2
4
6
8"
10
12
3 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 93
147
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0
CD
0
C
In
X
0C
--I
m
0
C
-i
m
W
10
12
4APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 94
148
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
1North
8.0
0
CD
0.0
0
C
m
O
C
m
N
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
5 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 95
149
TNorth
ii
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
I
I
I
I
III
o
i
i
i
i
i
I
i
i
I
0
C
m
0
C
m
N
0
C
m
10
12
6 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 96
150
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
tNorth
8.0
0.
-8.0
8.0
0
1
L\
IN
0
kk
fai" Rpm""
Fir
-8.0
8.0
11 WAWr
\y3iA
0.0
Ar%kGE.alY
II//
-8.0
I
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
7 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 97
0
151
North
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
:l7
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8
10
12
8 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 98
152
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TNorth
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
C
0.0
-8.0
0
4
8
10
12
9 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 99
153
trNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
E
-8.0
0
0
8.0
>
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
C
m
0.0
c
-8.0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 100
154
tNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
10'
'12'
11 APR 89
'14
'16
18
20
22
Day of Year 101
155
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
North
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
5
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
m
0.0
N
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
*
0
2
0
C
m
' iV
w
iI
4
6
8
10'
12
12 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 102
156
t North
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
0
0m0
E
-80®
-8.0
8.0
H
HH
II
I
10'
'12'
13 APR 89
'14
"16
4
18
1
I
20
22
Day of Year 103
0
m
N
0
157
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TNorth
8.0
0
(D
0.0
;rA \9
0
-8.0
8.0
0
c
-I
m
OL
0.
-8.0
8.0
0
c
0.0
cn
OWN
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 104
158
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
0
CD
0
C
m
I
0
C
--1
rn
I
N
0
C
m
10
12
15 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 105
159
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
0
0
10
12
16 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 106
160
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass FilteY&kd Purrentt )Vectors
8.0
-8.0
8.0
-8.0+
10'
'12'
17 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 107
161
North
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass FilteredTurrent Vectors
10
12
18 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 108
162
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TNorth
8.0
0
CD
0.0
0
C
m
0
C
-I
m
N
0
C
m
w
0
10'
'12
19 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 109
163
irNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0+
-8.0
8.0
E
.`.:
-8.0
8.0
0
C
0
m
N
-8.0
8.0
0
C
--1
m
-8.0+
10'
'12'
20 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 110
164
1°North
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0+
-8.0+
8.0 +
-1
U)
E
0
.0
0
0
C
m
0.0
8.0+
r- I
8.0+
I
I
I
I
I
I
0
C
m
-8.048.0+
0.0
-8.0+
'2'
4.
'6.
.8.
.10'
.12.
21 APR 89
14
16
18
20 22
Day of Year 111
165
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
North
8.0+
C')
CD
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
E
0
0
-8.0+
8.0 +
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.0
.
.
tA
.
.
-
.,,,``.ra,,"'I"irrw
0C
W
-8.0
10*
'12"
22 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 112
166
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
0
C
0
C
m
N
0
C
0.01'/.-.c"°
W
10'
"12'
23 APR 89
"14'
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 113
167
TNorth
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0+
0
CD
0.0
a
-8.048.0+
0
C
m
0.0
0
C
m
N
-8.0+
8.0
0
C
-8.0+
10
12
24 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 114
168
TNorth
8.0
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TAT
1
I
1
1
1
I
I
I
l
1
"'_';"_"1
1 T'I
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
C
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
C
0.0
-8.0
10'
'12
25 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 115
169
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TNorth
8.0
0
CD
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
C
m
0
C
m
-8.0
8.0
0
C
m
0.0
W
-8.0
0
2
4
6
8
'10*
"12"
26 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 116
170
1°North
CEAREX Outer Triangle Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0+
0.0
-8.0+
I
8.0+
0
C
m
0.0+
-8.0
8.0
0
C
m
0.0+
-8.0
8.0
0
C
-i
m
0.0+
:(7
-8.0+
.2.
4'
'6'
'8'
'10'
'12-
27 APR 89
-14-
-16
18
20
22
Day of Year 117
171
TIME SERIES OF VELOCITY AT CENTRAL SITE:
UNFILTERED
On the following 32 pages are observations of velocity from the Central site at depths
of 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200 and 250 m. The data above 100 m is from the ADCP;
the records at 100 m and deeper are from S-4 current meters. Note: absolute
velocities are presented after the start of April 4; relative velocities are shown before.
(See Tables 1 and 2.)
173
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
'10 '12. 14
28 MAR 89
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 87
174
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15.0-
N
01
3
0.0-
-15.015.0
V,
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
E
15.0
U
0
0
3
15.0
,I,i1,11i'"dI
I.I,°rr
0.0
'j,,;
l ;?
iir'Ir.!7 t ri
i l'
:,//
v,
o
3
-15.0
15.0
0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
1/b1Sflllf66fG
0.0
, .
3
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
29 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 88
175
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15-0--
N
U1
0.0--
T3
- 15.0
15.0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
v
T3
0.0
-15.0
E
3
15.0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0-0.0
N
0
0
0.0-
3
- 15.0
77/7/77/#/,,
0
3
15.040
2
4
6'
8
10
12
30 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 89
176
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
T3
0
3
cn
3
f
U,
E
15.0
0
0
3
-15.0
15.0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0
0.0
3
-15.0-4-
0
.
2
4
6
.10'
'12'
31 MAR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 90
177
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
N
Ut
T3
0
T3
u,
3
0
0
3
15.0 -
0.0-
3
-15.015.0 }
N
0
0
0.0-
3
-15.0+
15.0--
N
01
0
3
- 15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year
91
178
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring
Current Vectors
N
Ut
T3
0
T3
T3
0' '2'
'4' '6* '8'
'10'
'12'
2 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 92
179
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15.0
CJ,
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
t
-15.0
a,
E
15.0
U
00
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
3 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 93
180
fNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
0
3
01
3
15.0 jai?
0.0
0
15.0+
01
0
0
0' '2*
4
'6-
8
3
'10'
'12'
4 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 94
181
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
cn
0
0.0
3
-15.0
14-
i
15.0
Cn
0.0
3
-15.0
E
15.0
U
0
O
3
15.0
15.0
0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
AA,
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
5 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 95
182
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
1North
15.0-
0.0-
3
\1
-15.0+
111y°'holly"
15.0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0-
0.0-
3
-15.015.0-
0.0.
-15.015.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
d9fimmim
A
Aili6k1l,
3
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
"12"
6 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 96
183
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0
N
0.0
3
\\\
-15.0+
15.0
cn
0
0.0
-15.0-15.0
0.0
arIIAt\I
-15.0
0
0
3
Ni
0
0
3
N
CD
0
3
0' '2' '4*
'6*
8
'10'
'12'
7 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 97
184
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0
iW1111,
0.0
1i,.N,,r,,,
rte//%
I YIIIIIY11111
YI
-15.0
15.0
01
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
01
0.0
3
'WRIFIFF11,
-15.0
15.0
0
0
40
ml;
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
N
0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
N
0
0.0
3
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
12'
8 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 98
185
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15.0
0.0
-15.0
71F,
15.0
0.0
OTVOII
-15.0
15.0
0.0
Prop,
-15.0
15.0
0.0
0 -r-
-15.0
15.0
0.0
lot
TIN
W*
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
12'
9 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 99
186
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15.0
0. 0
-15.0
15.0-0- 0
0
0
3
i-,'wm-
-15.0+
15.0-0. 0
rmw`...ltq,v
-15.0
E
0
0
3
15.0+
0.0
"WWT
-15.0--
3
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
N
C"
0
0.0
3
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 100
187
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0
N
0.0
-15.0+
15.0
0.0
-15.0+
- 15.0
15.0
0.0-.
3
-15.0
15.01
-15.015.0
'I4
0.0-
- 15.0
0
4
6
8
10
12
11 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 101
188
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
U
2' *4'
6'
'8'
*10'
-12-
12 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 102
189
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
-15.0+
-15.0+
0
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
13 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 103
190
North
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
0
3
U,
0
0
3
01
0
3
0
0
NJ
0
0
3
0'
'2' '4' "6' '8*
'10'
*12'
14 APR 89
14
.16
18
20
22
Day of Year 104
191
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
North
E
U
-15.0+
0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
15 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 105
192
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
-15.0+
0
3
0
3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
16 APR 89
14
16
20
22
Day of Year 106
193
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
North
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
17 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 107
194
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
RU
4%111101
-
0
2
4
6
14
10' '12
18 APR 89
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 108
195
'North
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
Ni
01
------------ - -
----------------
3
%X FRI,
-15.0
01
0
3
-15.0
15.0
I-j
01
3
15.0
0
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0.
0
0
0.0-
3
-15.0Ni
0
0
3
N)
01
0
-15.0
I
0
I
'
2
I
'
4
II
I
6
I
I
t
8
10
I
f
'
12
19 APR 89
14
1
1
I
I
16
18
20
!!
22
Day of Year 109
3
196
CEAREX Central Mooring
North
Current Vectors
15.0+
N
,10
0.0
3
-15.0
aill
--"%\"\NWIWNW\%IpIII
_11,1111
rI
E
0
I
I
ITI
I
I
I
15.0 t
_.
o -15.0
`ICI
a)
15,%\m
_
aI
is
0
3
-15.0
N
0
0
3
40
L\\\\\\\\IM
-15.0
t0
I
I
I
2
I I-r I
4
6T
8
I
I
10
3
I TIT I
I
12
20 APR 89
14
16
I
I
18
I
I
20
I
I
22
Day of Year 110
197
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15.0
N
Cn
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0
cn
0
Aq Irm
0.0
-15.0
3
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
0
3
15.0
lip/
0.0
01
1,0
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
1,0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
21 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 111
198
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
tNorth
rr
AIWILAAA
10*
12
22 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 112
199
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0+
N
o.
IAd
3
1I m 11mi mplemplimpi'
-15.0+
15.0+
wrwovraa,"",VI
15.0--
wIIr1ir14 3
.eloNr,y-\V1A\irrr'fyiil
0.
3
-15.0
15.0
0.Q
%i%
1-
iii
3
-15.0
0
3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
23 APR 89
14
16
18
20
"
22
Day of Year 113
200
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
1North
15.0N)
In
3
0.0-
-15.015.0In
0
0.0-
3
-15.015.0
01
0.0
3
-15.0
cn
E
15.0
0
0
0
1,0
3
jU.
15.0
In
0
0.0
3
-15.0
15.0N)
0
0
0.0-
3
1 5.O
0
2
6
8
10
12
24 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 114
201
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15.0+
Ni
0.0
3
-15.0+
15.0+
0v,
0.0
V 11V1
3
-15.0
15.0
0.0
ff//)
15.0
U,
E
15.0
0
0
0.0
0
0
a)
3
15.0+
15.0
0.0
-15.0
I
I
I
1
I
1
I
I
I
I
I
I
1
I
I
I
H
I
I
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
Ni
CD
0
3
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10'
12
25 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 115
202
TNorth
I
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
IIII
I
I
I
I +T
I
0
I
2
I
I
4
I
I
6
I
I
8
I
I_-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
10
12
26 APR 89
14
16
18
I
I
20
I
I
I
I
22
Day of Year 116
203
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
15.0
0.0
-15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
27 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 117
204
CEAREX Central Mooring Current Vectors
TNorth
15.0+
-15.0+
15.0
AA,rti..,rct,.i ul. .,1 t U1`/ J
0.0
0
T3
-15.0
15.0
ol,
0.0
-15.0
E 15.0
0
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
15.0--
0.0-- 15.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
28 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 118
205
TIME SERIES OF VELOCITY AT CENTRAL SITE:
HIGH-PASS FILTERED
On the following 32 pages are observations of velocity from the Central site at depths
of 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200 and 250 m. The data above 100 m is from the ADCP;
the records at 100 m and deeper are from S-4 current meters. A high-pass filter with
a 6 hour cutoff has been applied. Note: absolute velocities are presented after the
start of April 4; relative velocities are shown before. (See Tables 1 and 2.)
207
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
E
U
0.0
1
-8.0
>
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
10
12
28 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 87
208
tNorth
CEAREX
Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
10'
'12'
29 MAR 89
"14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 88
209
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
N
N
0.0,.--.,...a1---.,--,r.,.,ti-k.'-....
0
3
2
4
6
8
10
12
30 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 89
210
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
tNorth
8.0
rv
0.0 j
T3
-8.0
8.0
Cr
0
0.04
T3
-8.0
8.0
v
cn
0.0+
T3
-8.0
8.0
E
v
0.0
0
-8.0
8.0
a,
0
0.0
3
-8.0
8.0
0.0
3
-8.0 +
8.0 +
N)
0.0
-8.0 t
4R.04 3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
31 MAR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 90
211
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
tNorth
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0
T3
0.0
-8.0
8.0
Tv3
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
3
-8.0
8.0
N
0
0.0
3
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
4
6
8
10
12
1 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year
91
212
TNorth
CEAREX
Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
1-1
en
-8.0
8.0
E
U
0.0
U
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 92
213
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0::
FIN,
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
2
4
6
10"
12
3 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 93
214
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0+
Ni
Cn
T3
0.0+
-8.0
8.0
Cn
0
0.0+
T3
-8.0
8.0
v
T3
0.0+
-8.0+
8.0+
E
0.0
Q0
>
-8.0
}
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0+
8.0+
0.0
-8.0+
10'
'12*
4 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 94
215
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
tNorth
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
5 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 95
216
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0+
Cl
0.0+°
-8.0
8.0
3
I
i
I
I
I
I
I
`-
I
11
I
11
I
111
I
I
I
1
I
UJ
0
0.0+
3
-8.0
8.0
0.0+
3
-8a0 +
N
Un
0
3
-8.0"E'
10"
12'
6 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 96
217
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
tNorth
8.0+
/11/At
0.0
-8.0
8.0
o
0.0
-8.0+
8.04-
T3
3
N
01
0
3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
7 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 97
218
'rNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
4
6
10*
*12"
8 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 98
219
North
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
3
3
3
'12' 14
9 APR 89
10'
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 99
220
TNorth
CEAREX
Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
10
12
10 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 100
221
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TNorth
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
11 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 101
222
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TNorth
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
2
4
6
8
12
12 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 102
223
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.00.0-
-8.0
8.0
0.0
10
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
Lis
0.
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
r
i
I
AL
O
M
-8.0
8.0
!0 \ oolli,
Jig
0.0
-\I 7fr
-8.0
4
6
8
10
12
13 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 103
224
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
tNorth
8.00.0®8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
{
8.0
E
Aly/
0.
U
I
-8.0
8.0
AL -1
77
e,O
,
jw4f
-8.0
8J
N
L .4Ilk
0.0
Aim
-8.0
2
4
6
"8'
10'
'12
14 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 104
225
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
TNorth
N
Cn
O
3
J
Cn
3
3
0
O
3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
15 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 105
226
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
1North
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.q
A,
_\.
INN,
-8.0
8.0
r
ws
I
01
04
'\(\\Q1
'
rl
I
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
v
fy
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
16 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 106
227
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.
-8.0
8.0
0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
3
-8.0
0.0
3
-8.0
8.0
0
0
3
-8.0
8.0
0.
3
-8.0
8.0
0
3
-8.0
4
6
8
10
12
17 APR 89
14
16
18
20
2
Day of Year 107
228
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
10'
'12'
18 APR 89
'14'
"16
18
20
22
Day of Year 108
229
tNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
,
\UICII.I/,
1t
)b
iar ..a9l off O
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
I
0.0
dJ11AA
R. y
S/.dIR1i
rr
/1,1111
-8.0
8.0
i
0.0
-Now
-8.0
8.0
0.
-8.0
-8.0
8.0
1\
0.0
-8.0
2
4
6
10
12
19 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 109
230
tNorth
CEAREX
Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
10'
'12'
20 APR 89
'14"
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 110
231
TNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
10'
'12
21 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 111
232
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass
1North
Filtered Current Vectors
0.
0
2
4
6
8
10'
"12'
22 APR 89
"14'
"16"
18
20
22
Day of Year 112
233
fNorth
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
2
4
6
8
10'
'12
23 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 113
234
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
'tNorth
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
2
4
8'
'10'
'12*
24 APR 89
'14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 114
235
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
tNorth
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
,"
*_61 r t?,
IN', /fir"' .,a. xa.rl.ly
-
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
E
U
A
OA
Aw
0.0
U
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
dog
-8.0
8.0
0.0
Oulu,
2,.U
-8.0
0
2
4
6
25 APR 89
Day of Year 115
236
tNorth
CEAREX
.
8.0
.
.
Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
ar-,>I`In
0.0
.
.y.,,r,l, .
yr,r,,.,a . ®y
.\%,l4
-8.0
8.0
,IY4 0
1-11
0.0
.1C
-8.0+
I
I
1
1
8.0+
I
'TAI
I
1
1
i
I
f
1
TT
I
.r
0.0
a
.r
I
1
I
7
llbLi yI
-8.0+
I
8.0+
0
0
0.0
3
-8.0+
8.0+
0.0+
3
O
O
3
-8.0+
8.0+
N
0.0
10
-8.0+
0"
4
6'
'8
'10'
12
26 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 116
237
tNorth
CEAREX
Central Mooring Highpass Filtered Current Vectors
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
U
0.0
-5
>
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
8.0
0.0
-8.0
0
2
4
6
8'
'10'
'12
27 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 117
238
Filtered Current Vectors
CEAREX Central Mooring Highpass
TNorth
NJ
3
IA j
0.0,
Z>2
z
-8.0
8.0
01
;rt4lk'W-41-9
7
0. 0
T3
-8.0
8.0
E
0
0
0.0+
3
-8.0
_1
1
1
1
1
1
L
I
I
1
8.0
U1
0.04-
3
-8.0
8.0
0.0+
-8.0+
8.0+
0.0'E'
-8.0+
I
0
I
I
2
I
I
4
I
1
6
1
1
8
10
,1-I
12
28 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
Day of Year 118
239
TIME SERIES OF VERTICAL SHEAR
AT CENTRAL SITE: UNFILTERED
On the following 23 pages are observations of vertical shear of horizontal velocity
defined by
25m
Observations are from the ADCP--5 minute averaged values. (See Table 2.)
241
Vertical Shears from Levine/Poulson ADCP
0.005+
0.000
-0.005
0.005+
0.000
-0.005 +
0.005+
0.000
-0.005
0.005+
0.000
-0.005
0.005+
0.000
-0.005+
200m- 1 75m
0.005
0.000
-0.005+
225m-200m
0.005 +
0.000
-0.005 +
2
4
6
8
10
12
6 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
242
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
0.000
-0.005
0.005
0.000
2
4
6
8
10
12
7 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
243
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
75m-50m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
100m-75m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
12
0.005
-loom
Al
e 0.000
-0.005
0.005
Ca
10.000
-0.005
175m-150m
0.005
WWY
0.000
-0.005
0.005
0.000
-0.005
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
IWIF.IP
-0.005
0
2
4
6
8
14
10
12
8 APR -89
16
18
20
22
244
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
75m-50m
0.005+
1 0.000
-0-005+
100m-75m
0.005
'wa
0.000
-0.005
0.005
0.00
11
-0.005
150m-125m
0.005 +
ISWIN 1I i'II,1 //il1J
-0.005 +
0.005+
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
-0.005-0
2
4
8
10
12
9APR89
14
16
18
20
22
245
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
75m-50m
L.1%. all 11
ICW-
p-
'or -W
W
200m-175m
1-1
-0.005
0.005
0.000
yyy
-0.005
2
4
6
8
10
12
10 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
246
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
75m-50m
0.005
-0.0055
0.005
0.000
-0.005
0.005
225m-200m
2
4
6
8
10
12
11 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
247
Vertical Shears from Levine/Poulson ADCP
75m-50m
225m-200m
AW 1WE"
4
09-1
2
4
6
8
10
12
12 APR 89
14
16
18
20
'22
248
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
75m-50m
0.005+
l
0.005+
Cl)
0.00
-0.005
0.005
-
-
la"
-
-
0.000
100m-75m
125m-1
-\11
- MOM
-0.005
0.005+
150m-125m I
0.005
175m-150m
I
I
200m-175m
iI'ld/:0114G
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
OFF
R
-0.005
I
2
4
6
8
'
10
'
12
13 APR 89
I
,
I
I
14
16
18
20
22
249
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
75m-50m
t
Ivy
k
'o
PRO
yn
150m-125m
175m-150m
-0.005
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
2
4
6-
'8-
14
'10' -12
14 APR 89
'16
18'
'20'
'22
250
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
2
4
6
8
10
12
15 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
251
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
0.005
75m-50m
0.005
100m-75m
10
12
16 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
252
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
0.005
75m-50m
0.005
100m-75m
175m-150m
200m-175m
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
17 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
253
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
-0.005
0.005
N
-10.000
-0.005
125m-100m
0.005
0.00
-0.005
15:0m-125m
0.005
9
0.08
1.10
-0.00
175m-150m
200mv 1 75m
V4
10
12
18 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
254
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
2
4
6
8
-10
12
19 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
255
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
125m-100m
175m-150m
RV U!9r/1, ,iii,
225m-200m
ift
2
4
6
8
-10
12
20 APR 89
14
16
18
P"AMN17
20
22
256
Vertical Shears from Levine/Poulson ADCP
0.005+
0.000
-0.005
100m-75m
0.005
&0
10.000
-0.005 +
125m-100m
0.005+
a.
0.000
-0.005 +
0.005+
I-I
150m-125m
0.005+
175m-150m +
0.005--
225m-200m
0.000
-0.005
2
4
6
8
10
12
21 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
L
257
Vertical Shears from Levine/Poulson ADCP
75m-50m
0.005
&a-
I- 0.000
-0.005+
100m-75m
0.005+
9)
0.000
144-
- 1A -4
ij&ok. E t,.
-4-A A
-0.005+
125m-100m
0.005+
CO
0.00
-0.005 +
150m-125m
0.005+
0.00
-0.005 +
175m-150m
0.005+
0.000
AIWOi
7
-0.005 +
200m-175m
0.005+
Illf//,,III/,
225m-200m
0.005+
iA //,-
X0.000
-0.005+
0
2
4
6
8
-10-
-12-
22 APR 89
-14
16
18
20
22
i.
258
Vertical Shears from Levine/Poulson ADCP
75m-50m
225m-200m
1
2
4
6
8
1
1
10
1
1
12
23 APR 89
1
1
14
1
1
16
1
1
18
1
20
1
1
1
22
259
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
75m-50m
0.005-0.000
-0.005
1 OOm-75m
0.005
0.000
-0.005+
125m-100m
0 . 005
w
ba
0.000
-0.005
150m-125m
-0.005.-
175m-150m
0.005-rv4
200m-175m
0.005+
W-
Ih..,L,
0.000
L
., - . _Lwd.,ltal lam.
-
-
-0.005+
225m-200m
0.005+
0.000
I
-Jl 1.101/'.,
V.,
, 01 1. i l4
.
,%1-d: '44
-
-0.005 t
0
2
4
6
8
-10
12
24 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
260
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
0.005
0.000
-0.005
100m-75m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
125m-100m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
150m-125m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
0.005
0.000
-0.005
200m-175m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
2
4
6-
-8'
-10-
12
25 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
261
Vertical Shears from Levine/Poulson ADCP
0.005+
0.000
1 OOm-75m
0.005 +
0.005
200m-175m
0.005
0.005
-0.005 +
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
26 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
262
Vertical Shears from Levine/Poulson ADCP
75m-50m
0.005
0
0.000
-0.005
100m-75m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
125m-100m
0.005
T-
0.000
-0.005
150m-125m
0.005
0.000
0
0
1M
7'
-0.005
175m-150m
0.005
w
0.000.
-0.005
200m- 1 75m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
27 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
263
Vertical Shears from Levine/Paulson ADCP
-f-2----F4
75m-50m
0.005
A
1 0.000
-0.005
100m-75m
0.005
CO
A
0.000
a
IN,% 11.4
-0.005
0.005
0.000
-0.005
150m-125m
0.005
0.000
-0.005
175m-150m
0.005
0.000
9
-0.005
200m-175m
0.005
1 0.000
FU
UP
-0.005
225m-200m
0.005
0.000
AMIe
-0.005
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
28 APR 89
14
16
18
20
22
265
AUTOSPECTRA OF TEMPERATURE
AT CENTRAL SITE
The following three plots show temperature spectra from six time periods defined as
follows:
Period
1
2
3
Duration
Comment
Mar 28 through Apr 2
(Day 87 through day 92)
Deep water
Apr 6 through Apr 12
(Day 96 through day 102)
Approaching Yermak Plateau
Apr 13 through Apr 19
(Day 103 through day 109)
On slope of Yermak Plateau
Large diurnal oscillations
4
Apr 20 through 1200 Apr 23
(Day 110 through 1200 day 113)'
On slope of Yermak Plateau
Reduced diurnal oscillations
5
Apr 24 through 1200 Apr 25
(Day 114 through 1200 day 115)
Eddy
6
Apr 26 through 1800 Apr 27
(Day 116 through 1800 day 117)
After eddy
The data are from Seacat temperature-conductivity recorders. A heavy, solid line
segment with a -2 slope is plotted at the same level in each panel for reference.
267
Temperature Spectra 1 50m Seacat
Apr6 - Apr12
Mar28 - Apr2
Period
10-1
Period 2
1
100
101
10-1
10°
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
101
Apr20 - 12:00 Apr23
Apr24 - 12:00 Apr25
Apr26 - 18:00 Apr27
Period
Period 4
Period 5
Period 6
100
10-
I
10
10-
I
10
1010
10-
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
10-
100
101
268
Temperature Spectra 200m Seacat
Apr13 - Apr19
Period 3
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
101
100
10-1
10-4
10-5
106
10-1
10°
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
269
Temperature Spectra 250m Seacat
Apr6 - Apr12
Mar28 - Apr2
Period
10-1
Period 2
1
100
101
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
101
Apr20 - 12:00 Apr23
Apr24 - 12:00 Apr25
Apr26 - 18:00 Apr27
Period 4
Period 5
Period 6
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
10-1
100
10
271
4
AUTOSPECTRA OF VELOCITY
AT CENTRAL SITE
The following five plots show rotary spectra from 6 time periods defined as follows:
Period
Duration
Comment
Mar 28 through Apr 2
(Day 87 through day 92)
Deep water
2
Apr 6 through Apr 12
(Day 96 through day 102)
Approaching Yermak Plateau
3
Apr 13 through Apr 19
(Day 103 through day 109)
On slope of Yermak Plateau
Large diurnal oscillations
4
Apr 20 through 1200 Apr 23
(Day 110 through 1200 day 113)
On slope of Yermak Plateau
Reduced diurnal oscillations
5
Apr 24 through 1200 Apr 25
(Day 114 through 1200 day 115)
Eddy
6
Apr 26 through 1800 Apr 27
(Day 116 through 1800 day 117)
After eddy
1
The data at 50 m are from the ADCP; spectra at 100, 150, 200 and 250 m are from
velocities measured by S-4s. The clockwise component is plotted as a solid line; the
anticlockwise is given by the dashed line. A heavy, solid line segment with a -2 slope
is plotted at the same level in each panel for reference.
273
Rotary Spectra 50m ADCP
104
`mama!
as
18:20 Apr6 - Apr12
Apr13 - Apr19
Period 2
Period 3
103
I
102
101
I
100
10101010-1
100
10-1
101
10°
101
Frequency (cph)
104
Apr20 - 12:00 Apr23
Apr24 - 12:00 Apr25
Apr26 - 18:00 Apr27
Period 4
Period 5
Period 6
103 f
T
10-2.
10-3 J_4
111111111
10-1
100
101
I
10-1
I
I IAoil!
100
IIIII
101
Frequency (cph)
r--1
- -t+1111
I---:+++Hi
10-1
10°
i i i
i,;4
101
274
Rotary Spectra 100m S4
Apr6 - Apr12
10-1
100
10-1
101
100
1
Apr13 - Apr19
10-1
101
100
101
Frequency (cph)
104
I M++«
I
Apr20 - 12:00 Apr23
Apr24 - 12:00 Apr25
Apr26 - 18:00 Apr27
Period 4
Period 5
Period 6
I
10- 1I I
181
1
aa0
10-1
-
1- i
111
100
I
i i
i i ii f ri r
101
i
i i i i i IiT
i
10-1
1
1
1
11111
100
i
i 1111111
101
Frequency (cph)
I
I
I
1
11111
10-1
1
1
1
1 1 I11{
100
I
I
I I
1 1 I If T-1 i
101
275
Rotary Spectra 1.50m S4
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
10-1
100
-
101
276
Rotary Spectra 200m S4
10-1
100
10-1
101
100
101
Frequency (cph)
104 -f
I
1
Apr20 - 12:00 Apr23
Period 4
Apr24 - 12:00 Apr25
Apr26 - 18:00 Apr27
Period 5
Period 6
T
I
I
10- 1III I II I I!II1I sea! II I
10-1
100
1" - r
101
i
i i
i flail
1
i
10-1
i
i 11 iiiri
1
100
i
II I111-I
all
101
Frequency (cph)
I
I
1 11lllrl
1
10-1
1 1 1lllr-I 11 IiFN
100
101
1
1
1
277
Rotary Spectra 250m S4
Mar28 - Apr2
Period
10-1
1
100
Apr6 - Apr12
Apr13 - Apr19
Period 2
Period 3
10-1
101
10°
10-1
101
100
101
Frequency (cph)
104
A pr20
- 12.00 Apr23
Period 4
103
Apr24 - 12:00 Apr25
Apr26 - 18:00 Apr27
Period 5
Period 6
T
T
T
T
T
10-3
10-1
100
101
10-1
100
101
Frequency (cph)
10-1
10°
101