EVIDENCE TRIAL MANUAL
FOR TEXAS LAWYERS
by Murl A. Larkin
Professor
Texas Tech University
School of Law
Butterworth Legal Publishers
Austin
TABLE OF CONTENTS
• • • • • • • • • • • • • ix
RULE lOCATOR
ACCOMPLICE TESTIMONY, CORROBORATION OF •
AM ENDM ENT OF RULES
APPLICABILITY OF RULES
• 1
• • • • • • • • • •
• 3
••••••••
• • • • 5
AUTHENTICATION OR IDENTI FICATION, EXAM PLES
• 9
AUTHENTICATION OR IDENTI FICATION, SUFFICIENCY OF SHOWING OF • • • 2~
AUTHENTICATION, WITHOUT EXTRINSIC EVIDENCE, EXAMPLES
• .23
•••••••••••
.33
BIAS OR INTEREST OF WITNESSES, TO IMPEACH
• • .45
BOLSTERING CREDIBILITY OF UNIMPEACHED WITNESS
• • 48a
BEST EVIDENCE RULE
.49
CHARACTER EVIDENCE TO IMPEACH OR SUPPORT CREDIBILITY
CHARACTER EVIDENC E TO PROVE CONDUCT.
• • • • • •
• • • 53
CHARACTER, PROOF OF BY EVIDENCE OF REPUTATION • • • •
• •• 57
CHARACTER, PROOF OF BY OPINION EVIDENCE • • • • • • •
• •• 61
CHARACTER, PROOF OF BY SPECIFIC INSTANCES OF CONDUCT.
.63
COMMENT UPON EVIDENCE BY JUDGE
.65
COM PETENCY OF WITNESSES • • • •
• •• 69
COMPROMISE AND OFFER TO COMPROMISE.
.75
CONDUCT, SPECIFIC INSTANCES OF, TO IMPEACH OR SUPPORT
.79
CREDIBILITY
CONFESSION, CORROBORATION OF • • •
• 82a
CONSTRUCTION OF RULES • • • • • •
• .83
CONVICTION OF CRIME, TO 1M PEACH.
• • • • • • 85
CREDIBILITY OF HEARSAY DECLARANT, ATIACKING AND SUPPORTING • • • 93
CRIMINAL DEFENDANT AS WITNESS
• .95
.99
CROSS-EXAM INATION, SCOPE OF • •
DEAD MAN'S STATUTE
• 103
DEPOSITIONS, OBJECTIONS TO TESTIMONY GIVEN IN
• • • 105
DEPOSITIONS, USE OF IN COURT
• • • 107
iii
585-1
ENTRAPMENT , EVIDENCE IN REBUTTAL OF DEFENSE OF
EXAM INATION OF WITNESSES , MODE AND ORDER OF • •
••
••
GENERAL HISTORY
125
EXPERT WITNESSES , APPOINTM ENT BY COURT
• • 219
• 221
• • •
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, REPUTATION CONCERNING BOUNDARIES OR
• 119
• • • • •••••
••••
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, REPUTATION AS TO CHARACTER.
• 115
EXCLUSION OF WITNE SSES
EXCLUSIONAR Y RULE
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, RECORDS OF VITAL STATISTICS
• 111
• • •
• •
• • • • •
• •
• • • •
• • • 223
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, REPUTATION CONCERNING PERSONAL
• 131
OR FAM ILY HISTORY
HABIT , EVIDENCE OF
• 1 33
137
HEARSAY (GENERAL RULE)
HEARSAY, DEFINITIONS
• 139
HEARSAY, PROBATIVE VALUE WH EN ADMITTED WITHOUT OBJECTION .
147
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, ABSE NCE OF BUS I NESS ENTRY • • • • • • •
149
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, ABSENCE OF PUBLIC RECORD OR ENTRY • • •
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , ADMISSIBLE
DECLARANT
153
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• 1 65
• 169
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, EXCEPTIONS NOT SPECIFICALLY COVERED •
• 173
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, EXCITED UTTERANCE • •
• 179
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , FAM ILY RECORDS
• 183
OR TREA TM ENT
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 241
HEARSAY EXC EPTIONS, THEN EXISTING MENTAL, EMOTIONAL, OR
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , FORM ER TESTIMONY
• 185
•
HEARSAY EXCEPTI ONS, JUDGMENT OF PREVIOUS CONVICTION .
•• •• • ••••
• 249
HYPNOT ICALLY REFRESHED RECOLLECTION, TESTIMONY BASED ON.
• • • 251
INDICTMENT, INFORMATION, OR COMPLAINT, TO IMPEACH WITNESS • • • 253
INTER PRETERS
• 189
• 191
• 195
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , MARKET REPORTS AND COMMERCIAL
• • • • • • 197
HEARSAY EXCEPTI ONS, MARRIAGE, BAPTISMAL, AND SIMILAR
CERTI FICATES
• 245
HEARSAY WITHIN HEARSAY
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, JUDGMENT AS TO PERSONAL, FAMILY, OR
PUBLICATIONS
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 239
PHYSICAL CONDITION
EXCEPTIONS , DYING DECLARATION • • • • •
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , LEARNED TREATISES
• 237
INTEREST IN PROPERTY
159
OR GENERAL HISTORY, OR BOUNDARIES • • • • • • •
• 233
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, STATEMENTS IN ANCIENT DOCUMENTS.
H EARSAY EXCEPTIONS, STATEM ENTS MADE FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, DEFINITION OF UNAVAILABI LITY OF
HE~ RSAY
• 227
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, STATEM ENT OF PERSONAL OR FAMILY HISTORY.
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, STATEM ENTS IN DOCUM ENTS AFFECTING AN
• 157
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , BUSINESS ENTRI ES
• 225
HEARSAY EXC EPTIONS, STATEMENT AGAINST INTEREST
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 25 5
JUDGE, COM PETENCY AS WITNESS
259
JUDICIAL NOTICE OF ADJUDICATIVE FACTS
261
JUDICIAL NOTICE OF LAW OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES • •
265
JUDICIAL NOTICE OF LAW OF OTHER UNITED STATES JURISDICTIONS
267
JUDICIAL NOTICE OF ORDINANCES AND REGULATIONS.
269
JUROR, COM PETENCY AS WITNESS
271
JUVENILE ADJUDICATION, TO 1M PEACH
275
LEADING QUESTIONS
277
• 199
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, PRESENT SE NSE IMPRESSION
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , PUBLIC RECORDS AND REPORTS
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , RECORDED RECOLLECTION • • • •
• 201
• 205
• 211
••
LIABILITY INSURANCE, EVIDENCE OF
281
LIM IT ED ADM ISSIBILITY
283
MATERIALITY, DEFINITION OF
287
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, RECORDS OF DOCUM ENTS AFFECTING AN
215
INTEREST I N PROPERTY
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS , RECORDS OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS
iv
• 21 7
585- 1
MATERIALITY, EVIDENCE NOT MATERIAL NOT ADMISSIBLE
289
MEDICAL AND SIMILAR EXPENSES, PAYMENT OF
291
v
585-1
NOTI FICATION OF DEFECT IN PRODUCT • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 293
PRIVILEGES, HUSBAND-WIFE ANTISPOUSAL TESTIMONY
• • • • • 413
PRIVILEGES, HUSBAND-WIFE CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATION
OATH OR AFFIRMATION FOR WITNESSES • •
295
OBJECTIONS
PRIVILEGE
• 297
OFFER OF PROOF
• • • • 301
OPENING THE DOOR
• • • 421
427
PRIVILEGES, MENTAL HEALTH INFORMATION
• 305
OPINION TESTIMONY, BASES FOR BY EXPERT
• 417
PRIVILEGES, IDENTITY OF INFORMER
PRIVILEGES, NEWSMEN
• • • • • • • • 307
•••••
• • • • • 435
PRIVILEGES, PHYSICIAN-PATI ENT
• • • 437
OPINION TESTIMONY, DISCLOSURE OF FACTS OR DATA UNDERLYING.
• 311
PRIVILEGES, POLITICAL VOTE
OPINION TESTIMONY, EXPERT WITNESSES
• 313
PRIVILEGES, PRIVILEGED MATTER DISCLOSED WITHOUT OPPORTUNITY
OPINION TESTIMONY, LAY WITNESSES
319
• • • • • 445
447
TO CLAIM
OPINION TESTIMONY, ON ULTIMATE ISSUE
• 323
PRIVILEGES, RECOGNIZED ONLY AS PROVIDED
OTHER CRIM ES, WRONGS, OR ACTS TO PROVE CONDUCT.
• 327
PRIVILEGES, REQUIRED REPORTS PRIVILEGED BY STATUTE
•
• • • 449
• 451
453
PRIVILEGES, SELF-INCRIMINATION
PLEA DISCUSSIONS AND RELATED STATEM ENTS, ADM ISSIBILITY,
INADMISSIBILITY
PRIVILEGES, TRADE SECRETS
• 339
PLEAS, ADMISSIBILITY, INADMISSIBILITY
PRIVILEGES, WAIVER BY VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE
• • 345
P'RELIMINARY QUESTIONS RESPECTING ADM ISSIBILITY
RAPE CASES, EVIDENCE OF VICTIM'S CHARACTER
• • • • • • 347
••••
PRESUM PTIONS IN CIVIL ACTIONS, GENERALLY
PRESUMPTIONS IN CRIMINAL ACTIONS, GENERALLY
• • • 367
RELEVANCY, DEFINITION OF
• • 479
RELEVANCY, NOT RELEVANT EVIDENCE NOT ADMISSIBLE • •
• • 483
RELEVANCY, RELEVANT EVIDENCE GENERALLY ADM ISSIBLE
• • • • • 373
••
• • • 491
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS OR OPINIONS, TO IMPEACH OR SUPPORT
PRIOR STATEM ENTS OF WITNESSES, TO IMPEACH OR SUPPORT
CR EDI BILITY
• • • • • 475
"
RELEVANCY I RELEVANT EVIDENCE EXCLUDED ON SPECIAL GROUNDS • • • 485
PRESUM PTIONS I N CRIMINAL ACTIONS, SIGNI FICANT SPECIFIC
ITEMS
• • • 471
.
REFRESHMENT OF MEMORY • •
• 353
• • • • • 357
• • • 467
REAL OR DEMONSTRATIVE EVIDENCE
• 351
PRESUMPTIONS IN CIVIL ACTIONS, SPECIFIC ITEMS
CREDI BILITY OF WITNESS
• • • • • 377
• • • 493
REMAINDER OF WRITINGS OR STATEM ENTS • •
PRIVILEGES (GENERAL, GOVERNED BY/, PRINCIPLES OF COMMON
LAW)
• • 465
• 343
POLYGRAPH TESTS, ADMISSIBILITY OF RESULTS OF
PRESENTATION OF EVIDENCE, ORDER OF
• • • • • • • • 461
RULINGS ON EVIDENCE
• • • 495
•••••••••
• • 499
•••••••••••
• • • • • • • 383
PR IVI LEGES , ACCOUNTANT -CLI ENT
• 385
SILENCE OF CRIMINAL DEFENDANT, TO IMPEACH • • • • • • • • •
PRIVILEGES, ATTORNEY-CLI ENT
• 387
STATEM ENTS OF CRIM INAL DEFENDANT
PRIVILEGES, CIVIL ACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS IN FEDERAL
COURTS
••••••••••••••
• • 397
PRIVILEGES, COMMENT UPON OR INFERENCE FROM CLAIMS OF • • • • • 399
PRIVILEGES, COMMUNICATIONS TO CLERGYM EN • •
PRIVILEGES, EXECUTIVE
• • • • • • • • • ••
vi
•
503
• 505
STATEMENTS OF WITNESSES, PRODUCTION OF IN CRIMINAL CASES
• • • 513
STATEMENTS NOT HEARSAY
• • • 517
••••••
SUBSCRIBING WITNESS, TESTIMONY OF NOT NECESSARY TO
• • 403
AUTHENTICATE
• 407
• • 529
• • • • 531
SUBSEQUENT REMEDIAL MEASURES
585-1
vii
585-1
TESTIMONY OF CHILD VICTIM OF OFFENSE
• • • 533a
TITLE OF RULES
USE BEFORE THE JURY RULE
• • 535
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 536a
VICTIM OF SEXUAL OFFENSE, CORROBORATION OF TESTIMONY OF • • • • 537
WITNESSES, CALLING AND INTERROGATION BY COURT.
• • 539
WITNESSES, PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED
• • • • • • ' 543
WITNESSES, WHO MAY IMPEACH
• 545
WORK PRODUCT DOCTRINE • • • •
• • • 549
APPENDI X A:
TEXAS RULES OF EVIDENCE
APPENDIX B:
FEDERAL RULES OF EVIDENCE
APPENDI XC:
REVISED CIVIL STATUTES OF TEXAS APPLICABLE IN
555
• • • 587
CRIM INAL CASES
APPENDIX 0:
• 611
TEXAS AND FEDERAL RULES OF EVIDENCE: COMPARISON
. ......
AND DERIVATION TABLE
~ .
viii
• 623
~85-1