DIVISION OF PSYCHOLOGY AND LANGUAGE SCIENCES PLIN7311 / PLING157 Neurolinguistics 2014/15 Module information sheet1 Name of lecturer: Mr Jamie Williams (ucjujlw@ucl.ac.uk) Chandler House, Rm 115A Course description This course provides an introduction to the neuroscience of language and the role that linguistic theory plays in this domain. The ultimate goal of neuroscience of language is to understand how language is represented in the brain, including both where and the mechanisms engaged. Some background knowledge in the nature of language representations, anatomy and neuroscientific methods are necessary for reading research papers in this area. Some basic linguistic knowledge is assumed (see prerequisites) otherwise we will cover this basic background knowledge throughout the course. Aims • Critically read and understand experimental papers on how language is processed and the underlying brain regions • Understand and describe recent findings from experimental work on language processing and the brain considering theoretical linguistics Learning Objectives • Identify key anatomical structures relevant to language • Describe experimental techniques to study language and the brain (i.e., lesion, fMRI, ERP) • Compare and contrast advantages and disadvantages of the different experimental neurological techniques • Apply theoretical linguistics to the evaluation of experimental designs and results • Describe and explain key neurolinguistic findings (i.e., phoneme processing, processing derived words, syntactic processing) • Describe and critique key neurolinguistic theories (ie, Tree Pruning Hypothesis, Trace Deletion Hypothesis, Generalized Minimality) • Relate experimental findings from different areas of language processing • Make experimental predictions based on neurolinguistic theories • Design mini experiments to test theoretical predictions 1 Please note that modules are reviewed regularly and content, assessment specifications and other elements may change from year to year UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences Chandler House 2 Wakefield St London WC1N 1PF Week-by-week summary Week Topic 1 INTRODUCTION AND NEUROANATOMY 1 Course overview. What is neurolinguistics? Linking linguistics to the brain. Single neurons, action potentials and propagation. Neuronal ensembles and Hebb’s postulates. 2 NEUROANATOMY 2 AND IMAGING TECHNIQUES Macro-level structures relevant to language. Brodmann areas and cortical lobes. Introduction to the major imaging techniques (fMRI, EEG, MEG, lesion studies, TMS, PET). 3 SPEECH AND SOUNDS Brain regions engaged in speech perception (fMRI/PET) and evidence for abstract categories (phonemes) in the brain (MEG) 4 WORDS 1 Lexicon (organization), processes of Lexical Access (electrophysiological data), brain regions engaged in mapping sounds to meaning (aphasia and fMRI data). 5 WORDS 2 Morphology. Testing Nonderivational vs Derivational Theories with Cognitive Neuroscience 6 SENTENCES 1 An Account for Sentence Production Deficits in Aphasia – Tree Pruning Hypothesis (TPH) 7 SENTENCES 2 An Account for Sentence Comprehension deficits in Aphasia – Trace Deletion Hypothesis (TDH) 8 SENTENCES 3 Sentence Comprehension using fMRI in Normal subjects. Local vs. Non-local Syntax – Broca’s areas and Anterior Temporal Lobe. 9 CONCEPTUAL SEMANTICS Semantic Dementia (SD) and Conceptual Knowledge – Anterior Temporal Lobe (ATL). What is the relation to last week? 10 BILINGUALISM AND SUMMARY Are multiple languages represented in the brain in the same way/ areas? An overall model for neurolinguistics? The future of the subject. Prerequisites PLIN1201 Introduction to Generative Grammar A or equivalent Timetable PLIN7311: https://cmis.adcom.ucl.ac.uk:4443/timetabling/moduleTimet.do?firstReq=Y&moduleId=PLIN7311 PLING157: https://cmis.adcom.ucl.ac.uk:4443/timetabling/moduleTimet.do?firstReq=Y&moduleId=PLING157 Teaching methods and backup arrangements 2 hour lecture + 1 hour tutorial. Lecture will utilize PowerPoint slides with periodic multiple choice questions to assess comprehension. Occasionally videos will be used for demonstration (ie, Broca’s aphasic speaking). There are two tutorials, one for the BAs and one for the MAs, given their different backgrounds. The tutorials will be used to cover some background material that either group lacks but primarily will be used for discussion of material presented in lecture and in applying knowledge acquired in lecture. The application may take the form of generating predictions on new data from a theory presented, critiquing real/fictional experimental designs, discussing similarities/distinctions across theories or experiments, or group work debating areas of disagreement on a given topic. Communication Email is the best method of communication. I should respond within 24hr. Depending on the nature of the question (ie, requiring a lengthy discussion of material), I might suggest a meeting. Workload Students are expected to spend 5-7hr/week on private reading. Online resources Moodle page available at https://moodle.ucl.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=13145. Basic texts Primary research articles will be available via Moodle. Information for intercollegiate and interdepartmental students This module is available for students on other degree programmes, numbers permitting. Interdepartmental students registered at UCL should register for the course on Portico. Intercollegiate students should contact Stefanie Anyadi (s.anyadi@ucl.ac.uk) for a registration form. Interdepartmental and intercollegiate students with a disability requiring additional support should contact the lecturer or Stefanie as soon as possible. Assessment PLIN7311 (undergraduates) and PLING157 (Masters) The module has a two part assessment. One essay (1,000 words) 25.00%: 1 page response to 1-2 questions (multiple parts) regarding lecture material and 1 page summary of an assigned article to read. To be submitted through moodle, deadline: 5 November 2015. Unseen two-hour written examination (75.00%): The final exam, provisionally scheduled 20 January 2016, will be part multiple choice, part long answer (similar in style to the homework assignment). PLIN7311A (Term 1 affiliates) The module has a two part assessment. One essay (1,000 words) 25.00%: 1 page response to 1-2 questions (multiple parts) regarding lecture material and 1 page summary of an assigned article to read. To be submitted through moodle, deadline: 5 November 2015. One essay (2500 words) 75.00%: To be submitted through moodle, deadline: 08 January 2016. Your grade on both the exam and coursework will reflect both the accuracy of the content of your response and the clarity of expression. Citing of sources: Students are expected to have familiarised themselves with the plagiarism guidelines on the Moodle page for this module. Feedback See below for information on how feedback will be provided. Transferable skills See below for information on the transferable skills you can acquire by studying this module. Feedback Mechanisms Types of Feedback (categorised into feedback areas) For those responses you tick, further details may be provided in the relevant box below (optional) GENERIC TUTOR FEEDBACK Oral feedback is given to the whole class (e.g. this may be about coursework done, a task completed in-class, or an online task) Further details: Feedback will be provided after students answer multiple choice questions in lecture. Feedback will also be provided on the written assignment. Electronic feedback to the whole group (e.g. see oral feedback above) Further details: Printed feedback to the whole group (e.g. answers to an exercise done in class, feedback relating to general performance on coursework or a task etc.) Further details: Written feedback will be provided on the individual homework assignments. Coverage of topics in class which have been raised by members of the class (e.g. in areas where students ask for clarification/elaboration, these topics are addressed in class) Further details: Questions raised by students via email or in tutorial that relate to misunderstanding or clarification will be covered in class or via moodle forum (depending on nature of response). This type of feedback is provided for this module ( all that apply) Electronic responses to the whole group via the VLE or via email (e.g. sending replies to individual queries to the whole group) Further details: Other generic tutor feedback (please give details) Further details: AUTOMATED FEEDBACK Tests / quizzes within VLE These are tests which do not count towards the module mark, but serve to inform students of how well they are understanding materials taught. Further details: Personal Response Systems (“clickers”) used within class (e.g. to test that students understand a concept, to survey which topics students would like elaborated) Further details: Will be used to assess student understanding Other automated feedback (please give details) Further details: SPECIFIC, TARGETED TUTOR/DEMONSTRATOR FEEDBACK Oral responses within class (e.g. demonstrators talking to students in lab, stats and computing classes). Further details: Oral responses outside class (e.g. students are invited to telephone or come to see the module convenor/demonstrators/members of staff teaching on the module with individual queries regarding topics taught) Further details: (e.g. contact details/office hours may be specified here) Appointments can be made via email ucjujlw@ucl.ac.uk Electronic responses to queries from individual students are provided (as above) Further details: Summative comments on coursework (e.g. handwritten feedback at the end of a written assessment which counts towards the module mark) Further details: On-script comments in the body of individual summative coursework Further details: Indication of achievement against set marking criteria (e.g. for an individual essay or a lab report) Further details: Feedback using a standard feedback form (e.g. essay feedback form or lab marking forms) Further details: Oral feedback on coursework talking to individual students about their coursework on the phone or in person, this could be summative points or specific comments on parts of the essay / lab report / project. Further details: Electronic feedback on coursework This could be via email or on a VLE (e.g. using Gradebook on Moodle) Further details: Other specific, targeted tutor feedback (please give details) Further details: FEEDBACK FROM PEOPLE OTHER THAN MODULE STAFF Peer feedback Fellow students commenting on/marking each other's work, or working together on a task (e.g. group work providing students with feedback on their ideas/understanding) Further details: Self-feedback (e.g. students evaluating their own coursework, worksheet answers, etc.) Further details: Feedback from seminar/year tutors Students may receive feedback on their understanding of topics/answers to queries/feedback on coursework from their tutor (e.g. 1105 poster, Research Project presentations etc.) Further details: Other feedback from those not teaching module (please give details) Further details: FEEDBACK RELATED TO EXAMINATIONS A mock examination is given to help students prepare for the final exam Further details: Marks for the previous year provided online, with a breakdown of marks for individual questions (where relevant). NB Marks will be anonymous. Further details: Samples of real student work provided, such as coursework, exam essays, and projects from previous students on the module. NB for exam essays these will be anonymous, for coursework and projects they may be cited with the students’ consent. Further details: Other exam-related feedback (please give details) Further details: Please note that the categories of feedback and specific examples within categories were adapted from ideas on the HE Academy website at: http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/resources/detail/new-to-teaching/HEAFeedback-Toolkit/what-are-the-various-forms-that-feedback-can-take (July 2013). UCL Personal and Professional Development Framework: Transferable Skills Specific transferable skills (categorised into skill areas) Skill developed in module? ( all that apply) ACADEMIC Learning Actively - Able to approach learning as an active agent, taking responsibility for the process and outcomes Analysing Data - Able to filter and organise information to develop an argument and work toward a conclusion, applying numerical analysis where appropriate Thinking Critically - Able to consider claims made against the evidence available and to develop one’s own view systematically Using Sources - Able to locate and use appropriate books, journals, websites and other sources to gather relevant data Solving Problems - Able to use systematic approaches to overcome difficulties in producing a desired outcome Managing Projects - Able to plan a coordinated set of tasks and enact over time to produce a substantial result SELF-MANAGEMENT Reflecting on Learning - Able to review dispassionately one’s approaches to learning and the outcomes and progressively improve the process. Managing Time - Able to prioritise tasks and commitments to achieve optimum results in a designated timeframe Being Creative / Innovative - Able to generate and apply original approaches to tasks and problems and produce improved outcomes Assessing Oneself - Able to identify one’s own strengths, weaknesses, progress made and action needed to improve effectiveness Being Independent - Able to work at own initiative with minimal supervision, taking responsibility for action and outcomes Managing Resources - Able to allocate and conserve funds and other resources on a day to day basis and to support projects COMMUNICATING Writing - Able to communicate in textual forms (essays, reports, journal entries, web pages etc.) in an appropriate style with a clear narrative flow Listening - Able to hear and appreciate the content, background and purpose of what someone else is communicating to you Using Information Technology - Able to use digital technology for managing information and to mediate communication for learning and other purposes Presenting - Able to speak to an audience, using visual aids as appropriate and respond to questions Communicating globally - Able to understand and manage factors affecting communication across cultures, including learning other languages Planning and making decisions - Able to identify steps needed to work towards goals and communicate them, including means of monitoring progress WORKING WITH OTHERS Working in teams - Able to co-operate with others, to contribute your strengths and learn from theirs with a common purpose Negotiating - Able to respect the needs and interests of others when they differ from your own and to find common ground Leading - Able to galvanise a team into cooperative action, to manage, guide or facilitate a group to maximise success Understanding others - Able to recognise the variety of ways in which people can think and approach tasks, adjusting your own to suit Assessing self and peers - Able to assess your own performance objectively and to give and receive constructive feedback with others Managing change - Able to adapt to changing circumstances and maintain focus on the group’s declared goals OTHER TRANSFERABLE SKILLS DEVELOPED BY THIS MODULE (please give details) Please note that the categories and skills listed here were taken from the Personal and Professional Development Framework provided online by the UCL Centre for the Advancement of Learning and Teaching: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/ppd/resources/framework (July 2013).