Wither the Revolution?
Wireless Networks for Cost Effective Broadband
Global Symposium for Regulators
Geneva, Switzerland
9 December 2004
Michael L. Best
michael.best@
inta.gatech.edu
Key to Connectivity
1. Low-cost technologies - especially terrestrial wireless
2. Supportive public policy
3. Micro and small enterprises
…. supporting the democratization of both use and provision….
How They Stack Up
802.11b
802.16
corDECT
Pt-to-pt max
20 Km
50 Km
Pt-to-multipoint
1 Km
13 Km
Bandwidth
11 Mbps shared 70 Mbps shared 70 Kbps exclus.
Unlicensed?
Yes
Yes
No
Advantages
Popular, cheap
Good range,
speed
Cheap, proven
in rural areas
Disadvantages
Short range,
Still emerging
inefficient use of
spectrum
25 Km
Requires
license
The Difference a Year Can Make
802.11g
802.16
corDECT
Pt-to-pt max
20 Km
50 Km
Pt-to-multipoint
1 Km
30 Km
Bandwidth
54 Mbps (plus)
70 Mbps shared 100/200 Kbps
Unlicensed?
Yes
Yes
No
Advantages
Super popular,
cheap
Good range,
speed
Cheap, proven
in rural areas
Disadvantages
Short range,
First generation
inefficient use of shipping
spectrum
35 Km
Requires
license
The SARI Village Information
Centers
!
Working in Madurai District, Tamil
Nadu, South India
!
Provide Internet via WLAN, PC, and
application suite to villages - many that
are off the phone grid
!
80 connections in over 50 villages
!
Each village information center is
locally owned and operated (franchise
model)
Connected
Villages
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Padinetankudi
Karungalakudi
Keelavalavu
Vellalur
Urranganpatti
Thaniamangalam
Alagarkovil
Neaythanpatti
T.Ulagpitchanpatti
Sengarampatti
Othakadai
Attapatti
Kottampatti
Chittampatti
Pudhutamaraipatti
Pulimalaipatti
Mankulam
Karpuooravahini
A.Vellalapatti
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Navinipatti
Kelaiyur
Kallampatti
Arittapatti
Narasingampatti
Therkutheru
Kottakudi
T.Vellalapatti
Thiruvadhavur
Arasappanpatti
Vellaripatti
Andipattipudur
Thumbaipatti
Melur- Kalanjiyam Tr Centre
Palayasukkampatti
Kuthappanpatti
Kidaripatti
Kattayampatti
Pullipatti
Immediate Impacts:
Tele-agriculture
Immediate Impacts:
Sometimes Just for Fun!
E-gov Types of Services
60.0%
% of Total
50.0%
49.0%
40.0%
30.0%
19.5%
20.0%
10.1%
9.2%
10.0%
7.0%
5.1%
0.0%
Birth
Certificates
Old Age
Penion
Community
Certificates
Income
Certificates
Type of Application
Death
General
Certificates Grievances
No. of Appl. per 1000 Population
E-Government Services: Internet vs
Non-Internet Villages
30.0
28.3
19.6
20.0
15.5
9.1
10.0
2.4
4.6
6.5
4.3
2.0
1.1
0.5 1.2
0.0
Income
Certificates
Community
Cert.
Death
Certificates
Old Age
Pension
Birth
Certificates
General
Grievances
Service
Non-Kiosk Villages w ith Popl. >=5,033 (8)
Kiosk Villages (12)
Consumer Welfare Results
Government Service
Cost and time
estimate without
e-government
Cost and time
estimate with
e-government
Savings in
Cost and time
with
e-government
Birth Certificates
Rs. 60 to 250, 3-7 days
Rs. 35, 2-3 days
Rs. 25 to 215, 1-4
days
Death Certificates
Rs. 60 to 250, 3-7 days
Rs. 35, 2-3 days
Rs. 25 to 215, 1-4
days
Old Age Pensions
Rs. 25, one day in
visiting the Taluk
office
Rs.
10,
No
required
visit
Rs. 15, one day
Political Liberties Model:
The Punch Line
.
E-government services lead to an increase of
4.950 and 2.925 times the average number
of applications received for birth certificates
and old age pensions respectively, when
compared to that when the village has no
Internet kiosk, keeping other factors
constant….
Wither the Revolution?
Wireless Networks for Cost Effective Broadband
Global Symposium for Regulators
Geneva, Switzerland
9 December 2004
Michael L. Best
michael.best@
inta.gatech.edu