ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
European Multidisciplinary
Seafloor Observatory
http://www.emso-eu.org/
Paolo Favali
on behalf of the EMSO
Consortium
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
EMSO, a Research Infrastructure of the ESFRI Roadmap, is
the European network of fixed seafloor and water column
observatories constituting a distributed infrastructure for longterm monitoring of environmental processes
In the EC-FP7 EMSO Preparatory
Phase (12 countries) started in 2008 for
4 years with the aim to design and
create the legal entity in charge of
managing the infrastructure
A large European users community
has been gathered around ESONETNoE
(2007-2011,
www.esonetemso.org/) which has been providing
many inputs to the shaping of EMSO
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
EMSO is
A Marine Research Infrastructure: permanent,
large-scale, deep-sea laboratory to observe and study
Marine Ecosystems
Climate Change
Geo-Hazards
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Needs for a European Network
of Fixed Marine Observatories
 Sustained observations are essential with appropriate
frequency to explore the time-scale of the changes of the
oceanic environment
 Investigation of the complex interrelations between
processes and properties from the top of the ocean to the
seabed beneath
Short-time scales (seconds, minutes, hours, days)
Long-time scales (months, years, decades)
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
EMSO is essential
to form the
European Ocean
Observing System
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
EMSO is essential
to form the
European Ocean
Observing System
“Support the development of an … integrated and
sustainably funded European Ocean Observing
System…to be achieved in coordination with relevant
initiatives (e.g. ESFRI…”
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Long-Term, Real-Time
Cabled Observatories
●
MARS
(USA)
DONET (Japan)
● ●●
●
MACHO
(Taiwan,
province
of China)
●
●
NEPTUNE
(Canada)
OOI
(USA)
VENUS
(Canada)
●
●
●
●
●
EMSO
●
●
●●
●
●
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
KosterFjiord
Geo-Hazards
Prevalent scientific
relevance of EMSO sites
OBSEA
Climate Change & Ecosystem
Test sites
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Tsunamis
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Elevation/Bathymetry-Plate
boundaries
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Tyrrhenian Seamounts
Vavilov
Marsili volcanic
seamount (north view)
SSW
~ 16 Km
~ 3000 m
50 Km
NNE
Marani et al., 2004
(© CNR)
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Models for EMSO nodes
Cabled Observatory layout (NRC, 2003)
Mooring with satellite communications
(from “Implementation Strategies for
ESONET and EMSO Appendix A”, 2009)
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Example of EMSO nodes
Iberian Margin – NEAREST EC Project
Satellite Link
Buoy
Acoustic
transmission
MODUS
GEOSTAR
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Western Ionian Sea cable infrastructures
Infrastructures realised by INFN
Funds by EU, Regione Sicilia and MIUR
Catania Test Site:
25 km East offshore the Catania harbour, > 2000-m depth
Capo Passero Site:
85 km South East offshore Capo Passero, 3500-m depth
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Western Ionian Sea (off Catania)
2005 Real-time data transmission
2008 Recovery for refurbishment
2011 Re-deployment
Main goals: Simultaneous
experiment of bio-acoustics
(mammal tracking) and geohazards (tsunami detection )
Shore Station
Catania harbour
Geo-hazard
and bioacoustic
module
20 km
Bioacoustic
module
ROV (operative 4000 m)
Web
NEMO JB
Synergy between the 2 ESFRI infrastructures: KM3NeT & EMSO
> 2000 m w.d.
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
Western Ionian Sea (off Catania) payload
Sensor
rate
Model
3-C broad-band seismometer *
100 Hz
Guralp CMG-1T (0.0027-50 Hz)
Differential Pressure Gauge (DPG)
10 Hz
Prototype Univ. California-St. Diego
Hydrophone (Geophysics)
200 Hz
OAS E-2PD
Hydrophone (Geophysics)
2000 Hz
SMID (0.05-1000 Hz)
4+4 Hydrophones (Bio-acoustics)
96 /192 kHz **
SMID (100-70000 Hz)
Absolute Pressure Gauge (APG) *
15 s
3-C Accelerometer + 3-C Gyro (IMU) *
100 Hz
Paroscientific 8CB4000-I
Gladiator Technologies Landmark 10
Gravity meter
1 Hz
Prototype IFSI-INAF
Scalar magnetometer
1 Hz
Prototype INGV
Vectorial magnetometer
1 Hz
Marine Magnetics Sentinel (3000 m)
1 profile/h
RDI Workhorse Monitor (600 kHz)
ADCP
CTD + Turbidity meter
1 s/h
SeaBird SBE-37SM-24835 + Wet Lab
3-C single point current meter
2 Hz
Nobska MAVS-3
* tsunami early warning system
** 96 kHz at TSN, 192 kHz at TSS
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
The data classification & Destination
File system
Instruments
LOW rate data
HIGH rate data
• ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
• Seismometer
• Hydrophone
• APG Absolute Pressure Gauge
• CTD Conductivity Temperature
• GRA Gravity meter
• PCM Currentmeter
Metadata
only
RDBMS (MySQL)
File system (ftp, http)
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for
Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011
• Paolo Favali, Laura Beranzoli, Pier Luigi Franceschini
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Italy (Coordinator)
• Jean-Francois Rolin
Institut Français de Recherche pour l’exploitation de la mer, France (Deputy Coordinator)
• Christoph Waldmann
Konsortium Deutsche Meeresforschung e.V., Germany
Paolo Favali
Irish MarineInstitute, Ireland
EMSO-PP Co-ordinator
• Juan Jose Danobeitia, Jaume Piera
Unidad de Tecnologia Marina-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Cientificas, Spain
emsopp@ingv.it
• Michael Gillooly, Fiona Grant
• Per Hall
Goteborgs Universitet, Sweden
• Vasilios Lykousis
Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Greece
• Henry A Ruhl
National Oceanography Centre Southampton, UK
• Benedicte Ferré, Jürgen Mienert
University of Tromsø, Norway
• Jorge Miguel Alberto de Miranda, Livia Moreira
Fundação da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
• NamikÇagatay
Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, Turkey
• Jens Greinert
Stichting Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Zeeonderzoek, The Netherlands
ITU-UNESCO IOC-WMO Workshop Submarine Cables for Ocean/Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning-Roma 8-9.9.2011