ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
Main Street (Route 28) at Elm Street
Main Street (Route 28) at William Street
Town of Stoneham
January 19, 2011
Prepared For:
MassDOT Highway Division
Prepared By:
BETA Group, Inc.
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table of Contents
Project Data .................................................................................................................................1
Background .................................................................................................................................2
Project Description .....................................................................................................................2
Audit Observations .....................................................................................................................7
Potential Safety Enhancements ...............................................................................................11
Summary of Road Safety Audit...............................................................................................15
List of Appendices
Appendix A.
Appendix B.
Appendix C.
Appendix D.
RSA Meeting Agenda
RSA Audit Team Contact List
Detailed Crash Data
Speed Regulations
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Location Map ......................................................................................................................... 3
List of Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Participating Audit Team Members ....................................................................................... 1
Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown ..................................................................... 11
Potential Safety Enhancement Summary ............................................................................. 16
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Project Data
A Road Safety Audit for the intersections of Main Street (Route 28) at Elm Street and Main Street (Route
28) at William Street in the Town of Stoneham was held on November 30, 2010 at the Central
Elementary School in Stoneham, MA. As indicated in Table 1, the audit team consisted of representatives
from State, Regional and Local agencies and included a cross-section of engineering, planning and
emergency response expertise.
Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members
Audit Team Member
Agency/Affiliation
Bonnie Polin
MassDOT Highway Division – Safety
Lisa Schletzbaum
MassDOT Highway Division – Safety
Carrie Lavallee
MassDOT Highway Division – Project Management
Dorothea Hass
WalkBoston
Kevin Dandrade
TEC
David Watson
MassBike
David Ragucci
Town Administrator, Town of Stoneham
Joseph Rolli
Fire Chief, Town of Stoneham
Richard Bongiorno
Police Chief, Town of Stoneham
Bob Grover
DPW Director, Town of Stoneham
John Gregg
MassDOT Highway Division – District 4 Traffic
Steve Timmins
MassDOT Highway Division - Traffic
Chenyuan Wang
Boston Region MPO
Greg Lucas
BETA Group, Inc.
Christine Keches
BETA Group, Inc.
Page 1
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Background
The Federal Highway Administration defines a Road Safety Audit (RSA) as the formal safety
examination of an existing or future road or intersection by an independent, multidisciplinary team. The
purpose of an RSA is to identify potential safety issues and possible opportunities for safety
improvements considering all roadway users. A Road Safety Audit was scheduled for the intersections of
Main Street at Elm Street and Main Street at William Street because both intersections have been
identified as high crash locations and are located in the vicinity of the proposed Tri-Community Bikeway.
The RSA is intended to identify potential short and long term safety improvements that can be made at
the intersection, including how to manage bicycle traffic across the Main Street corridor.
Project Description
Main Street (Route 28) is functionally classified as an Urban Principal Arterial and is State-owned north
of Elm Street and Town-owned south of Elm Street. Main Street is a north-south corridor and is an
important regional roadway, running essentially parallel to I-93 and connecting to I-93 to the south and I95/Route 128 to the north. Main Street provides access from the highways to Stoneham and to
surrounding communities, and serves as an alternate route to the highways during times of heavy
congestion. The intersections of Main Street/Elm Street and Main Street/William Street, shown in Figure
1, are both signalized intersections approximately 500‟ apart and are discussed in detail below.
Main Street/Elm Street
Main Street and Elm Street form a 4way intersection under traffic signal
control. Main Street provides two
through travel lanes both north and
south of Elm Street, with left turn lanes
in each direction at Elm Street. Elm
Street provides an exclusive left turn
lane and a shared lane for through
vehicles and right turning vehicles at the
intersection, and typically provides a
single travel lane in each direction along
its length. Elm Street is a Town-owned
roadway functionally classified as an
Urban Minor Arterial west of Main
Street and as an Urban Principal Arterial
Main Street at Elm Street
east of Main Street. Elm Street forms a
three way intersection with William
Street approximately 700 feet west of Main Street, and continues east into Wakefield, where it becomes
Albion Street. Central Street forms a signalized intersection with Elm Street approximately 200 feet east
of Main Street.
Page 2
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Study Intersections
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Main Street (Rte 28) at Elm Street and
William Street
Figure 1
ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
315 Norwood Park South
Norwood, MA 02062
781.255.1982
BETA@BETA-inc.com
STONEHAM, MA
Location Map
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
The traffic signal at Elm Street provides protected/permissive phasing for the Main Street southbound left
turn to Elm Street eastbound, and for the Elm Street westbound left turn to Main Street southbound.
These protected/permissive movements coincide with the Main Street southbound and Elm Street
westbound through phases. The Main Street northbound and Elm Street eastbound left turns are
permissive movements only. The Main Street southbound protected left turn phase precedes the Main
Street northbound and southbound through phase, followed by the Elm Street westbound protected left
turn phase preceding the Elm Street eastbound and westbound through phase. An audit participant stated
that he had observed the signal serving the Main Street southbound protected left both before and after the
Main Street through movements, resulting in an unusual protected-permissive-protected pattern within the
Main Street phase time. It was also noted that the exclusive pedestrian phase is served after the Elm Street
(side street) phase, while MassDOT typically prefers for the pedestrian phase to be serviced between the
main street and side street phases.
Crosswalks are provided across all four legs of the intersection, with apex-type handicap accessible ramps
on all four corners. Continuous sidewalks are provided on both sides of both Main Street and Elm Street
in the vicinity of the study intersection. Land use of the surrounding area is primarily commercial along
Main Street and a mix of commercial and residential along Elm Street. There is a Walgreens pharmacy on
the southwest corner of the intersection. There is a vacant property on the northwest corner of the
intersection with a small newly paved parking area adjacent to Main Street. It appears based on the size of
the parking area that vehicles would typically back out into Main Street to exit this parking area. Town
personnel present at the audit stated that this property was formerly a Blockbuster Video store, and that
patrons typically utilized the larger parking area behind the building, which has access from Main Street
north of the building and from Elm Street west of the building.
Crash data were provided by the Stoneham Police Department. There were a total of twelve crashes at the
intersection within the period from January 2008 to October 2010. Angle-type crashes were the most
prevalent and comprised 58% of the total crashes. Angle crashes were reported in all four directions, and
three of the angle crashes were reported as red light running. There were two rear-end crashes at the
intersection, one in the northbound direction and one in the southbound direction. A fatal crash occurred
at the intersection in November 2008, when a vehicle turning left onto Elm Street from Main Street
southbound struck a pedestrian in the crosswalk. Crash data summaries and a collision diagram are
included in the Appendix.
In addition to the crash data provided by the Stoneham Police Department, MassDOT Safety personnel
reported that their database includes 22 crashes at the intersection from 2006 to 2008, which results in an
Equivalent Property Damage Only (EPDO) rating of 63. The EPDO rating is calculated using a weighted
system in which fatal crashes are weighted 10 times and injury crashes are weighted 5 times. The
difference in the number of crashes does not necessarily indicate a drop in crashes, but can result from
using different sources and a different definition of the intersection limits when compiling crash data. The
intersection is identified as a high crash location because it is in the top 5% of crashes for the
Metropolitan Area Planning Council (MAPC) region.
Speed regulations maintained by MassDOT Highway Division establish a 35 MPH speed limit for Main
Street north of Elm Street. Complete speed regulations for Route 28 in Stoneham are included in the
Appendix.
Page 4
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Main Street/William Street
Main Street and William Street form a
4-way intersection under traffic signal
control. William Street intersects Main
Street at a skewed angle, with the
northwest and southeast corners
forming an acute angle. Main Street
provides two through travel lanes both
north and south of William Street,
with a separate left turn lane for
southbound traffic. William Street
provides two lanes on each approach;
the eastbound approach has two
general purpose lanes, while the
westbound approach has an exclusive
Main Street at William Street
right turn lane and a shared lane for left
(facing Northbound)
turns and through traffic. There are
delta islands on the northwest and southeast corners with a short channelized right turn lane. The
northbound right turn is controlled via the traffic signal, while the southbound right turn operates under
yield control. William Street is a Town-owned roadway classified as an Urban Minor Arterial, and
provides a connection via the local street network from Woburn to the west to Wakefield and Melrose to
the east. Central Street forms a signalized intersection with William Street approximately 100 feet east of
Main Street.
The traffic signal at Elm Street provides protected phasing for the Main Street southbound left turn to
William Street eastbound. The Main Street southbound protected left turn phase coincides with the Main
Street southbound through movement which continues, operating concurrently with the Main Street
northbound through movement, once the protected left turn phase is terminated. William Street
approaches operate concurrently following the Main Street phase. Pedestrians operate concurrently with
vehicle phases, which creates potential conflicts between turning vehicles and pedestrians.
Crosswalks are provided across all four legs of the intersection. The small delta islands on the northwest
and southeast corners of the intersection provide a refuge area for pedestrians, but a pedestrian crossing
from one side of William Street to the other must cross the channelized right turn lane, which has no
pedestrian signal control. Land use of the surrounding area is primarily commercial along Main Street and
a mix of commercial and residential along William Street. A Mobil gas station on the southeast corner of
the intersection fills the parcel between Main Street and Central Street and has access to both streets.
There is a Stop & Shop supermarket on the southwest corner of the intersection which has access to both
Main Street and William Street, with a Stop & Shop gas station on the corner of the property closest to
the intersection. This gas station has no connection to the Stop & Shop parking lot, but has direct access
to both Main Street and William Street.
Crash data were provided by the Stoneham Police Department. There were a total of 17 crashes at the
intersection within the period from January 2008 to October 2010. Angle-type crashes were the most
Page 5
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
prevalent and comprised 71% of the total crashes. Angle crashes were reported in all four directions, with
three involving a southbound through vehicle and a northbound left turning vehicle. There were two rearend crashes at the intersection, one in the eastbound direction and one southbound departing the
intersection. Three of the seventeen reported crashes involved vehicles entering and exiting Stop & Shop
on William Street. Crash data summaries and a collision diagram are included in the Appendix.
In addition to the crash data provided by the Stoneham Police Department, MassDOT Safety personnel
reported that their database includes 34 crashes at the intersection from 2006 to 2008, which results in an
Equivalent Property Damage Only (EPDO) rating of 66. The EPDO rating is calculated using a weighted
system in which fatal crashes are weighted 10 times and injury crashes are weighted 5 times. The
difference in the number of crashes does not necessarily indicate a drop in crashes, but can result from
using different sources and a different definition of the intersection limits when compiling crash data. The
intersection is identified as a high crash location because it is in the top 5% of crashes for the MAPC
region.
The Stoneham Police Department also provided crash data for the segment of Main Street between Elm
Street and William Street. Six crashes were reported in this segment of roadway between January 2008
and October 2010. Four of the six crashes involved vehicles entering or exiting businesses along the
corridor. The remaining two crashes were noted to have involved a driver operating under the influence
and a driver operating a vehicle in a reckless manner.
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Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Audit Observations
Following a brief introduction to the RSA process and a summary of crash and speed regulation
information, the audit participants were asked to discuss issues that affect safety at the intersections of
Main Street at Elm Street and Main Street at William Street. Audit participants then conducted a site visit
as a group, at which time they offered observations on safety concerns and deficiencies. A summary of
those major safety considerations is as follows, summarized by location:
Main Street/Elm Street
Pedestrian Accommodations – A number of safety issues discussed during the audit relate to pedestrian accommodation at the intersection.
o Narrow shoulders provide no buffer between vehicles traveling the corridor and
pedestrians walking along the sidewalk.
o Apex type wheelchair ramps direct a wheelchair-bound pedestrian into the center of the
intersection, rather than in the direction they are intending to cross. This may also be a
concern for visually impaired pedestrians.
o The cross slope of the sidewalk appears to exceed MassDOT and ADA standards.
o Lack of detectable warning panels precludes feedback that informs a visually impaired
pedestrian that they are about to leave the sidewalk.
o Wide curb radii allows turning vehicles to navigate their turn at a higher speed.
o There is essentially no buffer between the sidewalk and the adjacent parking area on the
northwest corner. The parking area lies directly adjacent to the sidewalk surface with no
curbing or grass strip.
o Pedestrian pushbuttons are not uniformly located adjacent to the level landing for the
crossing they serve. In addition, there is a non-functioning pushbutton located in the nose
of the median on the east leg of Elm Street, where there is no pedestrian refuge area.
o Pedestrian timing may be inadequate to allow pedestrians to cross Main Street.
o One of the pedestrian signal indications was not properly displaying the hand symbol for
the “Don‟t Walk” indication.
o The exclusive pedestrian phase follows the side street green phase, which is atypical of
standard practice in Massachusetts, which provides the exclusive pedestrian phase
between the main street and side street phases.
Signal Equipment – A number of safety issues relating to signal equipment were discussed at the
audit.
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Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
o The signal is not coordinated with other signals along Main Street or with the adjacent
signal at Elm Street and Central Street. Coordination would create vehicle platoons and
more effectively manage queues.
o All green signal indications appear to be LED, but many yellow and red signal
indications appear to be the older incandescent style, which is less visible and far less
efficient when compared to LEDs.
o Pedestrian pushbuttons and signs are a mix of different styles and sign legends.
o There are no backplates for vehicle signal heads. Installation of backplates would
increase visibility of the signal indications for approaching vehicles.
o There are no overhead signal indications for Elm Street.
o It was suggested that some of the loop detectors at the intersection are not working
properly. As a result, the approaches or lanes with malfunctioning loops are set to Min
Recall, which will serve a minimum green time on that approach in all cycles even if no
vehicles are present. This operation was observed during the audit.
o There was concern amongst audit participants that the all red clearance time is not
sufficient, specifically following the pedestrian phase.
o The existing R10-12 “Left Turn Yield on Green (ball)” sign mounted on the mast arm for
the northbound approach is potentially confusing, as this sign is typically used only for
protected/permissive movements, and may imply to a driver that they can expect a
protected left turn phase at this location. The northbound left turn is permissive only.
Left turn lanes – It was suggested that left turn lanes are narrow at the intersection, especially the
northbound left turn lane. It appeared that a median on the northbound approach was removed to
create the northbound left turn lane, likely as mitigation when Walgreens was built at the intersection.
It was also noted that lane control signage is inadequate.
Signage – It was noted that signs at the
intersection stating “Turning Traffic Must
Yield to Pedestrians” are fluorescent yellowgreen in color, but should be white because
they are regulatory signs. Only warning
signs, which are typically diamond-shaped,
should be fluorescent yellow-green in color.
It was also noted that placement of these
non-standard signs is less than optimal, and
that drivers may miss or forget the sign
message.
Page 8
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Main Street/William Street
Pedestrian Accommodations – A number of safety issues discussed during the audit relate to pedestrian accommodation at the intersection.
o Lack of detectable warning panels precludes feedback that informs a visually impaired
pedestrian that they are about to leave the sidewalk.
o Concurrent pedestrian phase operation creates potential conflicts between turning
vehicles and pedestrians, and also may be confusing to pedestrians who expect exclusive
phasing given the presence of exclusive phasing at other signalized crossings in the area,
such as Elm Street.
o There is essentially no buffer between the sidewalk area and the adjacent parking areas
on the southwest corner. The fueling aisle for the Stop&Shop gas stations lies directly
adjacent to the sidewalk surface with no curbing or grass strip.
Bicycle accommodation – The Tri-Community Bikeway will serve Woburn, Winchester and
Stoneham and uses an abandoned rail right-of-way to pass through Stoneham. The right-of-way
intersects William Street approximately 250‟ west of the Main Street/William Street intersection and
continues in an arc path across William Street, Main Street, and Central Street; however, current land
use and the need to cross Main Street at a signalized crossing discourage the use of the existing rail
right-of-way between William Street and Central Street. Instead, bikeway designers are considering a
path which requires bicyclists to dismount and travel through the Main Street/William Street
intersection to reach Central Street. Potential improvements at the intersection must consider bicycles.
Signal Equipment – A number of safety issues relating to signal equipment were discussed at the
audit.
o The signal is not coordinated with other signals along Main Street. Coordination would
create vehicle platoons and more effectively manage queues. The signal does operate in
conjunction with the traffic signal at William Street and Central Street.
o There are no backplates for vehicle signal heads. Installation of backplates would
increase visibility of the signal indications for approaching vehicles.
o Signal indications are mounted overhead for three of four approaches at the intersection,
but are ground mounted for the eastbound approach.
o It was suggested that some of the loop detectors at the intersection are not working
properly. As a result, the approaches or lanes with malfunctioning loops are set to Min
Recall, which will serve a minimum green time on that approach in all cycles even if no
vehicles are present.
o There is no R10-12 “Left Turn Yield on Green (ball)” sign for the Main Street
southbound left turn, which operates under protected/permissive phasing.
Page 9
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Geometry/Lane Assignments – A number of safety issues related to the geometry of the intersection
and/or the lane assignments on each approach.
o The delta islands on the northwest and southeast
corners create an unsignalized pedestrian crossing from the delta island to the sidewalk. The tight geometry of
these corners creates a
short reaction time for
drivers, who may not be aware of pedestrians as they navigate the turn. This is especially a concern on the northwest
corner, where a stone wall, hedges and a utility
pole may restrict visibility
of a pedestrian.
Delta island on northwest corner
of Main Street/William Street
o Traffic operations at the intersection are affected by the close intersection spacing with
the William Street and Central Street intersection, which is approximately 100 feet west
of Main Street. Northbound right-turning traffic has limited time to react to a red
indication on William Street eastbound at Central Street. Similarly, there are queuing
impacts between intersections that may affect blocking and sight distance for turning
vehicles.
o The effectiveness of the median on the east leg of William Street was questioned, and it
was suggested that the median could be eliminated and the increased width could be used
to provide bicycle accommodation between Main Street and Central Street.
Signage – It was noted that signs at the intersection stating “Turning Traffic Must Yield to
Pedestrians” are fluorescent yellow-green in color, but should be white because they are regulatory
signs. Only warning signs, which are typically diamond-shaped, should be fluorescent yellow-green
in color. It was also noted that placement of these non-standard signs is less than optimal, and that
drivers may miss or forget the sign message. Additionally, there is a “State Law STOP For
Pedestrians” sign on the William Street westbound approach which should be removed.
Massachusetts state law requires vehicles to yield to pedestrians where traffic control signals are not
present.
Page 10
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Potential Safety Enhancements
After the site visit, audit participants returned to the meeting location to discuss the safety issues and
consider improvements. Audit participants were encouraged to consider both short and long term
improvements for each issue. Each improvement considered has been categorized as short-term, midterm, or long-term based on the definitions shown in Table 2. Additionally, a cost category has been
assigned to each improvement based on the parameters set forth in Table 2. In addition to the specific
improvements listed below, it should be noted that the intersections of Central Street/Elm Street and
Central Street/William Street should be included in any future study of the Main Street/Elm Street and
Main Street/William Street intersections, due to their close proximity.
Table 2. Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown
Time Frame
Short-term
<1 year
Costs
Low
Mid-term
1–3 years
Medium
Long-term
>3 years
High
<$10,000
$10,000–$50,000
>$50,000
Main Street/Elm Street
The following improvements were suggested by audit participants to improve safety issues associated
with the intersection of Main Street and Elm Street.
Update pedestrian signals, pushbuttons and signs. Pedestrian buttons and signs should be updated so
that they are uniform for all crossings at the intersection, and operation and proper illumination of all
pedestrian signal heads should be verified. Pedestrian pushbutton placement should be studied to
determine if locations meet current ADA requirements. The existing pushbutton in the median on the
eastern leg of Elm Street should be removed, since pedestrian phase time is sufficient for a pedestrian
to cross the entire width of this approach, and there is no refuge area adjacent to the existing
pushbutton. This is a short term, medium cost improvement.
Install detectable warning panels for all wheelchair ramp locations. Detectable warning panels will
provide tactile cues for visually impaired pedestrians that they are about to depart the sidewalk. This
can be done at existing wheelchair ramp locations, or in conjunction with construction of paired
ramps in place of apex ramps. This is a short term, low cost improvement.
Verify sidewalk cross slopes and reconstruct sidewalk to meet MassDOT and ADA standards. It was
noted that the sidewalk cross slope may exceed MassDOT and ADA standards. The cross slope of all
sidewalk adjacent to the intersection should be verified, and areas that exceed the accepted standards
should be reconstructed to current standards. Study and verification of cross slopes is a short term,
low cost improvement, while reconstruction of the sidewalk is a high cost, long term improvement.
Study feasibility of replacing apex handicap ramps with paired ramps. It was noted during the audit
that paired ramps are safer than apex ramps for physically and visually disabled pedestrians, because
Page 11
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
the paired ramp better points the pedestrian in the direction of the crossing, while the apex ramp
directs the pedestrian towards the center of the intersection. Feasibility should be studied first to
ensure that expansion of sidewalks will fit within the available right-of-way. If constructed, this is a
long-term, medium cost improvement.
Place bollards at the back of sidewalk on the northwest corner of the intersection. This potential
improvement was suggested to provide protection between the pedestrian waiting area at the corner of
the intersection and the paved parking area for the former video store property on the northwest
corner. This is a short-term, medium cost improvement.
Study clearance times. The existing yellow and all red clearance times should be determined from the
existing traffic signal controller and compared to minimum requirements calculated based on the
Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) methodology. If existing clearance times are insufficient,
clearance times should be increased accordingly. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Study feasibility of widening Main Street. Ideally, lane and shoulder widths through the intersection
would meet minimum MassDOT requirements for vehicle and bicycle accommodation, which
provide 11-foot lanes and a 4-foot shoulder. It is not known if sufficient right-of-way exists, and
impacts to abutting properties must also be considered. An engineering study should be initiated to
investigate the feasibility of widening as a long-term solution. This is a short term, low cost
improvement, while widening would be a long-term, high cost improvement.
Narrow curb radii. Although this was suggested as a potential solution by an audit participant, it
should not be considered without considering the impact on turning vehicles. Main Street and Elm
Street are arterial roadways which must provide accommodation for a WB-50 design vehicle.
Install backplates. Backplates should be installed on all signal heads. This improvement will enhance
visibility of signal heads against the existing visual background. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement.
Install mast arms and provide overhead signal heads for Elm Street approaches. Overhead signal
heads provide greater visibility for approaching vehicles and reduce the potential for a signal head to
be blocked by queued vehicles. This is a mid-term, medium cost improvement.
Replace incandescent signal lenses with LED lenses. All red, yellow, and green signal heads at the
intersection should have LED lenses meeting MassDOT standard, which provide greater illumination
and greater efficiency than the incandescent lenses. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Remove R10-12 “Left Turn Yield on Green (ball)” sign from the northbound signal mast arm. The
northbound left turn operates under permissive phasing only, while this sign is typically used for
protected/permissive left turns. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Reprogram pedestrian phase and verify phase time. The existing traffic signal controller should be
reprogrammed so that the pedestrian phase is served between the Main Street and Elm Street phases.
Existing WALK and flashing DON‟T WALK times should be studied to ensure that they are suitable
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Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
for the intersection geometry and that they meet state and federal guidelines. This is a short-term, low
cost improvement.
Repair/replace loop detectors. Loop detectors at the intersection are old and are known to be either
malfunctioning or non-operational. Operation of existing loops should be verified and malfunctioning
or non-operational loops should be replaced. A fully functional fully-actuated traffic signal will
provide more efficient operation at the intersection. This is a mid-term, medium cost improvement.
Provide additional advanced lane control signage. It was suggested that
additional lane control signage is needed for all four approaches for the
exclusive left turn lanes. It is recommended that R3-7L “Left Turn Must
Turn Left” signs be added for the Main Street approaches, and that R3-8a graphical signs as shown at right be provided for the Elm Street approaches. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Add “through and right” pavement markings for the Elm Street approaches. There are existing arrow
and ONLY markings for the exclusive left turn lanes on Elm Street. This improvement would add
“through and right” markings to the right lane on each approach. In conjunction with this
improvement, left turn arrow and ONLY markings should be reapplied on all four approaches. This is
a short-term, low cost improvement.
Replace “Turning Traffic Must Yield to Pedestrians” signs. The existing “Turning Traffic Must Yield
to Pedestrians” signs are fluorescent-yellow in color, which violates the Manual on Uniform Traffic
Control Devices (MUTCD), which states that all regulatory signs should
be black or red legend on a white background. It is recommended that the
existing signs be replaced by the graphical sign shown at right, which is
included in the 2009 MUTCD. The „Turning Vehicles” banner should be
fluorescent yellow-green in color. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement. Where possible, the signs should be placed on the far corner
of the intersection, similar to the standard placement for R10-11b “No
Turn on Red” signs.
Main Street/William Street
The following improvements were suggested by audit participants to improve safety issues associated
with the intersection of Main Street and William Street.
Install detectable warning panels for all wheelchair ramp locations. Detectable warning panels will
provide tactile cues for visually impaired pedestrians that they are about to depart the sidewalk. This
is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Study intersection phasing and timing to determine feasibility of an exclusive pedestrian phase.
Providing an exclusive pedestrian phase would eliminate conflicts between turning vehicles and
pedestrians that exist today due to concurrent pedestrian operation. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement.
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Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Review potential for a diagonal crosswalk between the southwest and northeast corners of the
intersection. The skewed geometry of the intersection allows the opportunity to effectively provide a
diagonal crosswalk at the intersection. This will provide more direct pedestrian movements between
the proposed Tri-Community Path and the schools along Central Street. It should be noted that a
diagonal crosswalk can only be provided if the pedestrian phase is exclusive. This is a short-term, low
cost improvement; associated modification of pavement markings, sidewalks, wheelchair ramps and
pedestrian signals would be a long-term, high cost improvement.
Consider elimination of the existing median on eastern leg of intersection. There is an existing
median dividing William Street between Main Street and Central Street. Elimination of this median
may allow additional width to be allocated to bicyclists in conjunction with the Tri-Community
Bikeway project. Possible accommodation techniques discussed include a marked bicycle lane, or a
widened sidewalk which serves as a shared path serving both pedestrians and bicycles. An
engineering study should consider these potential options, either independently of or in conjunction
with the ongoing Bikeway project. This is a mid-term, low cost improvement.
Restrict the westbound left turn from William Street. This potential improvement was discussed at the
audit, with the intent of reducing the conflict between turning vehicles and pedestrians. Town
personnel present at the audit were not in favor of this improvement, and it was theorized that
restricting the turn would lead to drivers ignoring the restriction or using the Stop & Shop parking lot
as a cut-through. As a result, this improvement is not recommended.
Repair/replace loop detectors. Loop detectors at the intersection are old and are known to be either
malfunctioning or non-operational. Operation of existing loops should be verified and malfunctioning
or non-operational loops should be replaced. A fully functional fully-actuated traffic signal will
provide more efficient operation at the intersection. This is a mid-term, medium cost improvement.
Install backplates. Backplates should be installed on all signal heads. This improvement will enhance
visibility of signal heads against the existing visual background. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement.
Install a mast arm and provide overhead signal heads for the eastbound William Street approach.
Overhead signal heads provide greater visibility for approaching vehicles and reduce the potential for
a signal head to be blocked by queued vehicles. This is a mid-term, medium cost improvement.
Install an R10-10 “Left Turn Signal” sign for the Main Street southbound left turn. The Main Street
southbound exclusive left turn lane is a protected movement only and has its own signal housing. A
“Left Turn Signal” sign should be added to the mast arm adjacent to this signal housing for emphasis.
This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Revise signal timing to incorporate a William Street westbound to Main Street northbound right turn
overlap phase. This improvement would reduce delay and improve traffic flow for right-turning
traffic from William Street westbound to Main Street northbound. The right turn overlap phase would
run concurrently with the Main Street southbound to William Street eastbound protected left turn
phase. This improvement would require replacement of the existing right side overhead signal
Page 14
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
indication facing William Street westbound with either a right arrow signal housing or a 5-section
„doghouse‟ signal housing. This is a mid-term, low cost improvement.
Replace “Turning Traffic Must Yield to Pedestrians” signs. The existing “Turning Traffic Must Yield
to Pedestrians” signs are fluorescent-yellow in color, which violates the Manual on Uniform Traffic
Control Devices (MUTCD), which states that all regulatory signs should be black or red legend on a
white background. It is recommended that the existing signs be replaced
by the graphical sign shown at right, which is included in the 2009
MUTCD. The „Turning Vehicles” banner should be fluorescent yellowgreen in color. This is a short-term, low cost improvement. Where
possible, the signs should be placed on the far corner of the intersection,
similar to the standard placement for R10-11b “No Turn on Red” signs.
The existing “State Law STOP For Pedestrians” sign on the westbound
William Street approach should be removed in conjunction with this
improvement.
Install a YIELD sign for the Main Street southbound to William Street westbound movement. This
right turn is not controlled by the traffic signal, implying yield control although there is no existing
YIELD sign. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Replace existing R3-7R “Right Turn Must Turn Right” signs on the
William Street westbound approach with R3-8b graphical signs. It was
suggested that a graphical sign as shown at right would be more effective
in conveying the lane configuration for the William Street westbound
approach. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Place bollards at the back of sidewalk on the southwest corner of the intersection. This potential
improvement was suggested to provide protection between the pedestrian waiting area at the corner of
the intersection and the fueling aisle for the Stop & Shop gas station on the southwest corner. This is
a short-term, medium cost improvement.
Consider removal of delta islands on the northwest and southeast corners. It was noted during the
audit that removal of the delta islands would eliminate the unprotected crosswalk across the
channelized right turn lane created by the delta island, and suggested that the reduced overall radius
of the turn would still be sufficient to accommodate turning vehicles. This potential improvement
should be studied first to determine if turning movements can still be accommodated for large trucks.
Study of the feasibility of this improvement is a short-term, low cost improvement, while construction
would be a mid-term, medium cost improvement.
Summary of Road Safety Audit
Table 3 summarizes potential recommendations discussed by the audit team. The recommendations are
categorized based on the potential safety payoff, as well as by time frame and cost. The safety payoff is a
qualitative judgment of the effectiveness of the potential safety improvements.
Page 15
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Safety Issue
Safety Enhancement
Safety Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
High
Short-term
$2,000
Main Street/Elm Street
Signal Equipment
Study existing clearance times and make
changes, if appropriate.
Pedestrian Accommodation, Signal
Equipment
Update pedestrian signals, pushbuttons
and signs.
Medium
Short-term
$8,000
Pedestrian Accommodation
Install detectable warning panels for all
wheelchair ramp locations.
Medium
Short-term
$5,000
Pedestrian Accommodation
Verify sidewalk cross slopes and
reconstruct sidewalk to meet MassDOT
and ADA standards.
N/A (Study)
Medium (Const.)
Short-term (Study)
Long-term (Const.)
$2,000 (Study)
$100,000 (Const.)
Pedestrian Accommodation
Study feasibility of replacing apex
handicap ramps with paired ramps.
N/A (Study)
Medium (Const.)
Short-term (Study)
Long-term (Const.)
$5,000 (Study)
$50,000 (Const.)
Pedestrian Accommodation
Place bollards at the back of sidewalk on
the northwest corner of the intersection.
Medium
Short-term
$15,000
Pedestrian Accommodation
Study feasibility of widening Main Street to
provide 11-foot lanes and 4-foot shoulders.
N/A (Study)
High (Const.)
Short-term (Study)
Long-term (Const.)
$5,000 (Study)
TBD (Const.)
Signal Equipment
Install backplates on all signal heads.
Medium
Short-term
$5,000
Signal Equipment
Install mast arms and provide overhead
signal heads for Elm Street approaches.
Medium
Mid-term
$40,000
Signal Equipment
Replace incandescent signal lenses with
LED lenses.
Medium
Short-term
$5,000
Signal Equipment
Remove R10-12 ―Left Turn Yield on Green
(ball)‖ sign from the northbound signal
mast arm.
Medium
Short-term
$1,000
Medium
Short-term
$2,000
Pedestrian Accommodation, Signal
Equipment
Reprogram pedestrian phase and verify
that phase time is adequate for
pedestrians to cross the widest leg of the
intersection.
Page 16
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Safety Issue
Safety Enhancement
Safety Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Left Turn Lanes
Install R3-8a graphical lane control
signage for the Elm Street approaches,
and R3-7L ―Left Lane Must Turn Left‖
signs for the Main Street approaches.
Medium
Short-term
$2,000
Left Turn Lanes
Add ―through and right‖ pavement
markings for the Elm Street approaches,
and reapply arrow and ONLY markings on
all four approaches.
Medium
Short-term
$5,000
Pedestrian Accommodation,
Signage
Replace ―Turning Traffic Must Yield to
Pedestrians‖ signs with MUTCD-compliant
signs. Place new signs on the far corner,
where feasible.
Medium
Short-term
$2,000
Signal Equipment
Repair and/or replace loop detectors.
Low
Mid-term
$25,000
High
Long-term
$200,000
High
Short-term
$5,000
Pedestrian Accommodation, Signal
Equipment
Reconstruct traffic signal at the
intersection, replacing all existing
equipment and incorporating all signal
improvements listed above.
Main Street/William Street
Pedestrian Accommodation
Study intersection phasing and timing to
determine feasibility of an exclusive
pedestrian phase. (Safety Payoff assumes
implementation)
Pedestrian Accommodation
Install detectable warning panels for all
wheelchair ramp locations.
Medium
Short-term
$5,000
Pedestrian Accommodation
Review potential for a diagonal crosswalk
between the southwest and northeast
corners of the intersection.
Medium
Short-term (Study)
Long-term (Const.)
$5,000 (Study)
$150,000 (Const.)
Bicycle
Accommodation/Geometry/Lane
Assignments
Consider elimination of existing median on
eastern leg of William Street and study
potential re-use of available roadway
width.
Medium
Mid-term
$5,000 (Study)
$100,000 (Const.)
Signal Equipment
Install backplates on all signal heads.
Medium
Short-term
$5,000
Page 17
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Safety Issue
Safety Enhancement
Safety Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Signal Equipment
Install mast arms and provide overhead
signal heads for the eastbound William
Street approach.
Medium
Mid-term
$20,000
Signal Equipment, Signage
Install an R10-10 ―Left Turn Signal‖ for the
Main Street southbound left turn.
Medium
Short-term
$500
Pedestrian Accommodation,
Signage
Replace ―Turning Traffic Must Yield to
Pedestrians‖ signs with MUTCD-compliant
signs. Place new signs on the far corner,
where feasible.
Medium
Short-term
$1,500
Signal Equipment, Signage
Install a YIELD sign for the Main Street
southbound to William Street westbound
movement.
Medium
Short-term
$250
Geometry/Lane Assignments
Replace existing ―Right Lane Must Turn
Right‖ signs on the William Street
westbound approach with R3-8b graphical
lane control signage for the William Street
Medium
Short-term
$250
Pedestrian Accommodation
Place bollards at the back of sidewalk on
the southwest corner of the intersection.
Medium
Short-term
$15,000
Pedestrian
Accommodation/Geometry/Lane
Assignments
Study feasibility of removing delta islands
on the northwest and southeast corner of
the intersection.
N/A (Study)
Medium (Const.)
Short-term (Study)
Long-term (Const.)
$3,000 (Study)
$50,000 (Const.)
Signal Equipment
Revise signal timing to incorporate a
William Street westbound to Main Street
northbound right turn overlap phase.
(This improvement would require
replacement of the existing right side
overhead signal indication with a right
arrow or ―doghouse‖ signal housing.)
Low
Mid-term
$10,000
Signal Equipment
Repair and/or replace loop detectors.
Low
Mid-term
$25,000
Pedestrian Accommodation, Signal
Equipment
Reconstruct traffic signal at the
intersection, replacing all existing
equipment and incorporating all signal
improvements listed above.
High
Long-term
$200,000
Page 18
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix A. RSA Meeting Agenda
Road Safety Audit
Stoneham – Main Street at Elm/William Streets
Meeting Location: Central Elementary School,
36 Pomeworth Street
Tuesday, November 30, 2010
10:30 AM – 12:30 PM
Type of meeting:
High Crash Location – Road Safety Audit
Attendees:
Invited Participants to Comprise a Multidisciplinary Team
Please bring:
Thoughts and Enthusiasm!!
10:30 AM
Welcome and Introductions
10:45 AM
Review of Site Specific Material
• Crash Summary and Speed Regulations
• Existing Geometries and Conditions
11:15 AM
Visit the Site
• Walk the Main Street corridor, view both intersections
• As a group, identify areas for improvement
12:00 PM
Completion of RSA
• Finalize discussion on all areas for improvement
• Discuss potential safety improvements with pros and cons and record possible
countermeasures
12:30 PM
Adjourn for the Day – but the RSA has not ended
Instructions for Participants:
• Before attending the RSA on November 30th, participants are encouraged to drive
through the corridor and complete/consider elements on the RSA Prompt List with
a focus on safety.
• All participants will be actively involved in the process throughout. Participants
are encouraged to come with thoughts and ideas, but are reminded that the
synergy that develops and respect for others’ opinions are key elements to the
success of the overall RSA process.
• After the RSA meeting, participants will be asked to comment and respond to the
document materials to assure it is reflective of the RSA completed by the
multidisciplinary team.
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix B. RSA Audit Team Contact List
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix C. Detailed Crash Data
Crash Data Summary Table
Intersection of Main St (Route 28) @ Elm St; Stoneham, MA
Crash Date Crash Day
d/m/y
Time of Day
Manner of Collision
Type
Light Condition
Type
Weather Condition
Type
Road
Surface
Type
1
12/12/09
Saturday
5:15 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Dry
Driver Contributing Code
Type
Disregarded traffic signs,
signals, road markings
2
2/11/09
Wednesday
6:16 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Dry
3
10/11/08
Saturday
12:34 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
4
7/10/08
Thursday
5:08 PM
Angle
Daylight
5
4/11/08
Friday
5:19 PM
Rear-end
6
1/6/08
Sunday
3:12 PM
7
10/10/08
Friday
8
5/6/08
9
#
D1
Ages
D2
Injury
Code
Comments
D3
49
44
Vehicle went through red light
Failed to yield to right of way
28
23
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way
Dry
Failed to yield to right of way
47
64
Vehicle went through red light
Clear
Dry
Unknown
36
26
Both vehicle making a left turn
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
47
61
66
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Disregarded traffic signs,
signals, road markings
44
61
64
3:52 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield to right of way
41
41
Tuesday
8:18 AM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Wet
Cellular telephone
11/10/08
Monday
6:03 AM
Head on
Dawn
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield to right of way
73
10
2/11/09
Wednesday
6:16 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield to right of way
28
23
11
11/12/09
Thursday
3:45 PM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
16
22
12
6/7/10
Monday
8:03 AM
Sideswipe, opposite direction Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
29
55
Summary based on Crash Reports obtained from the Stoneham Police Department and Operator Reports
Vehicle went through red light
4
3
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way
47
4
Left turning vehicle hit a pedestrian crossing Elm St (Fatal Injury)
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way
Vehicle was traveling south on Main st and turning left on Elm st,
another vehicle was traveling west on Elm st and turning right on
Main St. Both vehicle's side mirror struck.
1
Crash Data Summary Tables and Charts
Intersection of Main St (Route 28) @ Elm St; Stoneham, MA
Month
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
8%
17%
0%
8%
8%
8%
8%
0%
0%
17%
17%
8%
M
T
W
Th
F
Sa
Su
Day of the week
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
17%
8%
17%
17%
17%
17%
8%
6-10AM
10-2PM
2-6PM
6-10PM
10-2AM
2-6PM
Time of Day
6 AM to 10 AM
10 AM to 2 PM
2 PM to 6 PM
6 PM to 10 PM
10 PM to 2 AM
2 AM to 6 PM
25%
8%
50%
17%
0%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
99
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle Crash
Rear-end
Angle
Sideswipe, same direc
Sideswipe, opposite d
Head on
Rear to Rear
Unknown
0%
17%
58%
8%
8%
8%
0%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
97
99
Weather Condition
Clear
92%
Cloudy
8%
Rain
0%
Snow
0%
Sleet, Hail, Freezing R
0%
Fog, Smog, Smoke
0%
Severe Crosswinds
0%
Blowing sand, snow
0%
Other
0%
Unknown
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
97
99
Road Surface
Dry
Wet
Snow
Ice
Sand, mud, dirt, oil, gr
Water (standing, mov
Slush
Other
Unknown
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
<=20
20s
30s
40s
50s
60s
70s
>=80
Ages
D1
15-20
9%
21-29
27%
30-39
9%
40-49
45%
50-59
0%
60-69
0%
70-79
9%
80+
0%
Two D3 (In 60s)
83%
17%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
D2
0%
36%
0%
27%
9%
27%
0%
0%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
20%
10%
0%
M
T
W
Th
F
Sa
Su
100%
0%
6-10AM
10-2PM
2-6PM
6-10PM
10-2AM
2-6PM
100%
50%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
99
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
97
99
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
97
99
60-69
70-79
80+
60%
40%
20%
0%
15-20
21-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
Crash Data Summary Table
Intersection of Main St (Route 28) @ William St; Stoneham, MA
Crash Date Crash Day
d/m/y
#
Time of Day
Manner of Collision
Type
Light Condition
Type
Weather Condition
Type
Road
Surface
Type
Driver Contributing Code
Type
D1
Ages
D2
Injury
Code
Comments
D3
1
5/23/10
Sunday
1:57 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Failed to yield to right of way
62
17
2
1/11/10
Monday
7:57 AM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Followed too closely
16
49
3
3/20/08
Thursday
8:27 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
59
47
4
2/8/08
Friday
4:14 PM
Angle
Daylight
Snow
Wet
53
33
5
4/5/08
Saturday
10:24 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield to right of way
Disregarded traffic signs,
signals, road markings
Disregarded traffic signs,
signals, road markings
17
84
Vehicle went through red light
6
11/6/08
Thursday
9:42 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway
Rain
Wet
Made an improper turn
50
38
Left turning vehicle struck a vehicle waiting for the light to go SB
7
10/20/08
Monday
2:40 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made an improper turn
40
52
8
7/10/08
Thursday
7:25 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
30
64
Witness state one of the vehicle was travel at a high rate of speed
(Around 40-45mph)
9
12/19/08
Friday
10:42 AM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
No Improper Driving
31
10
2/5/09
Thursday
6:57 PM
Sideswipe, same direction
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Wet
Other improper action
40
55
Exiting Stop&Shop parking lot (vehicle fled the scene after the
accident)
Vehicle was stopped for a red light, another vehicle behind him want
to move to the left lane and strike his rear left bumper
11
2/19/09
Thursday
6:52 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway
Rain
Wet
Inattention
18
42
The operator was looking at his GPS while making a right turn on to
William St
12
4/3/09
Friday
11:43 AM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Failed to yield to right of way
78
21
13
2/21/10
Sunday
3:40 PM
Sideswipe, opposite direction Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
52
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way (vehicle fled the
scene after the accident)
14
3/31/10
Wednesday
8:03 AM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
47
34
15
8/25/10
Wednesday
4:17 PM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Failed to yield to right of way
Disregarded traffic signs,
signals, road markings
47
39
Exiting Stop&Shop parking lot
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way (The vehicle went
through red light according to one of the witness)
16
9/21/10
Tuesday
8:16 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield to right of way
30
44
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way
17
10/4/10
Monday
8:20 AM
Rear-end
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Distracted
33
61
Summary based on Crash Reports obtained from the Stoneham Police Department and Operator Reports
Exiting Stop&Shop parking lot
Left turning vehicle did not yield the right of way
67
4
Vehicle went through red light
4
4
4
Crash Data Summary Tables and Charts
Intersection of Main St (Route 28) @ William St; Stoneham, MA
Month
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
6%
24%
12%
12%
6%
0%
6%
6%
6%
12%
6%
6%
M
T
W
Th
F
Sa
Su
Day of the week
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
18%
6%
12%
29%
18%
6%
12%
6-10AM
10-2PM
2-6PM
6-10PM
10-2AM
2-6PM
Time of Day
6 AM to 10 AM
10 AM to 2 PM
2 PM to 6 PM
6 PM to 10 PM
10 PM to 2 AM
2 AM to 6 PM
29%
18%
24%
24%
6%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
99
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle Crash
Rear-end
Angle
Sideswipe, same direc
Sideswipe, opposite d
Head on
Rear to Rear
Unknown
0%
12%
71%
12%
6%
0%
0%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
97
99
Weather Condition
Clear
41%
Cloudy
18%
Rain
35%
Snow
6%
Sleet, Hail, Freezing R
0%
Fog, Smog, Smoke
0%
Severe Crosswinds
0%
Blowing sand, snow
0%
Other
0%
Unknown
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
97
99
Road Surface
Dry
Wet
Snow
Ice
Sand, mud, dirt, oil, gr
Water (standing, mov
Slush
Other
Unknown
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
<=20
20s
30s
40s
50s
60s
70s
>=80
Ages
D1
15-20
18%
21-29
0%
30-39
24%
40-49
24%
50-59
24%
60-69
6%
70-79
6%
80+
0%
One D3 (67yr old)
41%
59%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
D2
7%
7%
27%
27%
13%
13%
0%
7%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
40%
20%
0%
M
T
W
Th
F
Sa
Su
50%
0%
6-10AM
10-2PM
2-6PM
6-10PM
10-2AM
2-6PM
100%
50%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
99
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
97
99
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
97
99
60-69
70-79
80+
30%
20%
10%
0%
15-20
21-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
Crash Data Summary Table
Main St (Route 28) Between Elm and William St; Stoneham, MA
Crash Date Crash Day
d/m/y
Time of Day
Manner of Collision
Type
Light Condition
Type
Weather Condition
Type
Road
Surface
Type
1
6/19/10
Saturday
11:52 AM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Driver Contributing Code
Type
reckless, careless, negligent,
or aggressive manner
2
6/17/08
Tuesday
7:13 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Other improper action
19
51
3
4/9/10
Friday
7:21 AM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Failed to yield to right of way
44
44
4
11/11/08
Tuesday
6:48 PM
Single Vehicle Crash
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Dry
54
5
2/25/08
Monday
8:55 PM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Physical Impairment
reckless, careless, negligent,
or aggressive manner
20
22
6
11/7/08
Friday
10:43 AM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Failed to yield to right of way
45
88
#
Summary based on Crash Reports obtained from the Stoneham Police Department and Operator Reports
Ages
D1
D2
31
55
Injury
Code
Comments
Vehicle backing out of the driveway of 225 Main St (Walgreens)
Vehicle try to cross Main St from Farm Hill parking lot into the rear
entrance of 225 Main Street
Exiting a parking lot near 232 Main Street
OUI, vehicle struck pedestrian trying to cross Main Street but not in
crosswalk
3
Exiting a parking lot near 237 Main Street
4
Crash Data Summary Tables and Charts
Main St (Route 28) Between Elm and William St; Stoneham, MA
Month
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
0%
17%
0%
17%
0%
33%
0%
0%
0%
0%
33%
0%
M
T
W
Th
F
Sa
Su
Day of the week
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
17%
33%
0%
0%
33%
17%
0%
6-10AM
10-2PM
2-6PM
6-10PM
10-2AM
2-6PM
Time of Day
6 AM to 10 AM
10 AM to 2 PM
2 PM to 6 PM
6 PM to 10 PM
10 PM to 2 AM
2 AM to 6 PM
17%
33%
0%
50%
0%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
99
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle Crash
Rear-end
Angle
Sideswipe, same direc
Sideswipe, opposite d
Head on
Rear to Rear
Unknown
17%
33%
50%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
97
99
Weather Condition
Clear
67%
Cloudy
0%
Rain
33%
Snow
0%
Sleet, Hail, Freezing R
0%
Fog, Smog, Smoke
0%
Severe Crosswinds
0%
Blowing sand, snow
0%
Other
0%
Unknown
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
97
99
Road Surface
Dry
Wet
Snow
Ice
Sand, mud, dirt, oil, gr
Water (standing, mov
Slush
Other
Unknown
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
<=20
20s
30s
40s
50s
60s
70s
>=80
15-20
21-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
60-69
70-79
80+
Ages
D1
17%
17%
17%
33%
17%
0%
0%
0%
67%
33%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
D2
0%
20%
0%
20%
40%
0%
0%
20%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
40%
20%
0%
M
T
W
Th
F
Sa
Su
100%
0%
6-10AM
10-2PM
2-6PM
6-10PM
10-2AM
2-6PM
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
99
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
97
99
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
97
99
60-69
70-79
80+
60%
40%
20%
0%
15-20
21-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
Road Safety Audit—Main Street at Elm/William Streets—Stoneham, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix D. Speed Regulations