ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
Main Street/Lunt Street
Main Street at the Mini Mart
Central Street/Main Street/Railroad Avenue/Post Office
Church Street/Main Street
Church Street/Downfall Road/Lunt Street
Church Street/Central Street
Central Street/Lunt Street
Village of Byfield, Newbury
May 2010
Prepared for:
Massachusetts Department of Transportation
Prepared by:
Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates
38 Chauncy Street
Boston, MA 02111
Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Table of Contents
Background .................................................................................................................................2
Project Data.................................................................................................................................3
Project Location Description .....................................................................................................4
Road Safety Audit Observations ...............................................................................................6
Location #1.
Main Street/Lunt Street...................................................................................... 7
Location #2.
Main Street at the Mini Mart ........................................................................... 10
Location #3.
Central Street/Main Street/Railroad Avenue/Post Office ................................ 12
Location #4.
Church Street/Main Street ............................................................................... 15
Location #5.
Church Street/Downfall Road/Lunt Street....................................................... 17
Location #6.
Church Street/Central Street ............................................................................ 18
Location #7.
Central Street/Lunt Street ................................................................................ 19
Study Area-wide Observations.......................................................................................................... 21
Recommendations .....................................................................................................................22
List of Appendices
Appendix A.
Appendix B.
Appendix C.
Appendix D.
RSA Meeting Agenda
RSA Audit Team Contact List
Detailed Crash Data
Additional Information
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Locus Map.............................................................................................................................. 5
List of Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Participating Audit Team Members ....................................................................................... 3
Proposed Safety Enhancement Summary............................................................................. 23
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Background
In conjunction with the Town of Newbury and the Merrimack Valley Planning Commission (MVPC), the
Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) conducted a Road Safety Audit (RSA) at
several locations in the Village of Byfield, which is located within the Town of Newbury. The RSA
encompassed the following locations:

Location #1.
Main Street/Lunt Street;

Location #2.
Main Street at the Mini Mart;

Location #3.
Central Street/Main Street/Railroad Avenue/Post Office;

Location #4.
Church Street/Main Street;

Location #5.
Church Street/Downfall Road/Lunt Street;

Location #6.
Church Street/Central Street;

Location #7.
Central Street/Lunt Street; and

Study Area-wide Observations.
In recent years, the Town has worked with residents to respond to concerns over traffic circulation,
vehicular speed, and pedestrian and vehicular safety. In February 2010, MVPC staff also worked with the
Town to develop recommendations for improvements to address the concerns. As a result, the Town
recently made several improvements to roadway circulation, signage, and pavement markings. While
these changes have been successful in some locations, RSA team members have noted additional
improvements to improve safety.
The purpose of this RSA was to identify both short- and long-term safety improvements that can be made
to increase safety at the subject locations and to train MVPC and Town of Newbury staff how to conduct
future RSAs on their own.
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Project Data
The audit team conducted an RSA for the study area locations in Byfield on Wednesday, May 12, 2010.
The RSA agenda appears in Appendix A. Table 1 lists the audit team members and their affiliations.
Appendix B provides contact information for all team members.
Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members
Audit Team Member
Chuck Kostro
Martha Taylor
Michael Reilly
Tim Leonard
David Powell
Anthony Komornick
William Pearson
John Gregg
Bonnie Polin
Carrie Lavallee
Lisa Schletzbaum
Keri Pyke
Joe SanClemente
Agency/Affiliation
Town of Newbury
Town of Newbury Planning Department
Town of Newbury Police Department
Town of Newbury Public Works/Fire Department
Town of Newbury Planning Board
Merrimac Valley Planning Commission
Town of Newbury Fire Department
MassDOT District 4 Traffic
MassDOT Highway Division Safety Section
MassDOT Project Management
MassDOT Highway Division Safety Section
Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates
Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Project Location Description
The study area is located in the Village of Byfield, as shown in the aerial image in Figure 1; all
of the locations evaluated as part of the RSA are currently unsignalized.
Prior to the RSA, in order to begin assessing possible safety issues, the RSA team reviewed crash
records supplied by the Newbury Police Department, a crash detail summary, and speed regulations.
Appendix C provides the detailed intersection crash data from 2007 through 2009. Speed regulations are
presented in Appendix D.
The RSA team evaluated the study area intersections and the corridors between them. These intersections
are the junction of the following roadways, which are categorized according to MassDOT Office of
Transportation Planning functional classifications:
Main Street is an urban minor arterial from Lunt Street to Church Street and is owned by the Town.
Main Street runs north–south between Georgetown and West Newbury. Main Street consists of 1 travel
lane in each direction. On-street parking is generally not provided along the roadway, but does occur in
the vicinity of some of the commercial and residential buildings along the corridor. The speed limit on
Main Street is posted at 25 miles per hour (mph).
Lunt Street is a local roadway owned by the Town. Lunt Street consists of 1 travel lane in each direction
between Church Street and Central Street and is 1-way southwest-bound, with 1travel lane, from Central
Street to Main Street.
Central Street is an urban minor arterial owned by the Town within the study area between Main Street
and Church Street. To the east of Church Street, it falls under MassDOT jurisdiction. Central Street
consists of 1 lane in each direction.
Church Street is a local roadway owned by the Town. It consists of 1 lane in each direction between
Main Street and Lunt Street/Downfall Road; between Central Street and Lunt Street/Downfall Road, it
runs 1-way northwest-bound and consists of 1 travel lane.
Railroad Avenue is an unpaved private way that runs between Church Street and Central Street; however,
in recent years abutters have blocked through-access with landscape elements. Railroad Avenue is
currently owned by National Grid.
Downfall Road is a local roadway owned by the Town and consists of 1 lane in each direction.
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Figure 1.
Locus Map
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Road Safety Audit Observations
Based on field observations on Wednesday, May 12, 2010, and subsequent discussions, the RSA team
determined that the locations have the following issues that affect safety:

Complexity of intersection geometry ;

Undelineated roadways;

Unclear and/or insufficient signage;

Missing pavement markings;

Limited sight distance; and

Vehicle speeds.
The following sections describe in more detail the safety issues and enhancements determined during
the RSA. Several of these issues require further study and engineering judgment to determine the
feasibility of implementing enhancements to address them.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Location #1.
Main Street/Lunt Street
Observations:
In 2009, Lunt Street between Central Street and Main Street was converted to 1-way southwestbound in an effort to improve safety at the intersection of Main Street/Lunt Street. Lunt Street
intersects Main Street from the northeast at an acute angle, resulting in a large radius along the
east side of the intersection that had allowed vehicles traveling north on Main Street and turning
right onto Lunt Street to do so at a high rate of speed. According to RSA team members, many of
the vehicles making this maneuver used Lunt Street as a short-cut to access I-95, particularly
during the morning rush-hour period. This maneuver also raised concerns regarding vehicular–
pedestrian conflicts at the crosswalk on Lunt Street located approximately 50 feet northeast on
Main Street. As part of the circulation change, the Town also attempted to reduce the angle of the
intersection by introducing new pavement markings to create a more typical 90-degree “T”
intersection.
While the change to 1-way
circulation and the new intersection pavement markings have
been successful, the changes—
according to RSA team members
—have only been implemented in
a temporary manner (i.e., sign
posts are unprotected and located
within the paved area and
pavement markings delineate the
recommended travel paths, rather
than physical barriers or geometric
changes being introduced).
According to Town of Newbury
Police records, no crashes were
reported at this intersection
between 2007 and 2009.
Recent signage and pavement marking improvements
at Main Street/Lunt Street.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Sight distance to the north of the intersection along Main Street is limited by the
presence of informal on-street parking.
RSA team members noted that sight lines
at the southeast corner of the intersection
are limited by the presence of brush/trees
along the east side of Main Street and due
to the vertical and horizontal alignment of
Main Street.
Sight distance to the north of the Main Street/Lunt Street
intersection is limited by the presence of informal on-street
parking.
Pedestrian warning signage is not
provided on either of the Main
Street approaches or on the Lunt
Street southwest-bound approach
to alert drivers of the crosswalk.
Overhead street lighting is
provided at the intersection.
The RSA team noted that the
Town had plans to not illuminate
some street lighting due to
recent/potential budget cuts;
however, it was believed that this
location would not be affected.
Pedestrian crossing across Main Street and Lunt Street.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Enhancements:
1. Formalize the reconfigured 1-way Lunt Street at Main Street and delineate the edge of the
roadway (e.g., add curbing or other delineation methods, remove some pavement, and
add loam and seed/plantings).
2. Introduce physical elements (e.g., plantings, stones, etc.), rather than formal signing, to
deter on-street parking within the intersection and at locations that limit sight distance.
3. Install pedestrian crossing warning signage and a supplemental, diagonal, downwardpointing arrow plaque (W11-2 and W16-7p) showing the location of the crosswalks on
the Main Street northbound and southbound approaches and at the Lunt Street southwestbound approach.
4. Trim brush, to the extent possible, at the southeast corner of the intersection and maintain
sight lines.
5. Maintain overhead street lighting at this intersection to ensure pedestrian and vehicular
safety.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Location #2.
Main Street at the Mini Mart
Observations:
The Main Street Mini Mart has several 90-degree parking spaces along the western edge of Main
Street. The RSA team noted that
vehicles maneuvering in and/or out
of these spaces require vehicles to
enter the Main Street right-ofway—resulting in conflicts with
Main Street southbound traffic.
RSA team members also noted the
potential for conflict with vehicles
backing out of these spaces and
vehicles that turn right from Lunt
Street to Main Street northbound.
Given the close proximity of Lunt
Street and the parking lot (approximately 100 feet separation),
motorists have little time to
Vehicles backing out of the Mini Mart conflict with Main
perceive and react.
Street southbound traffic.
According to police records
between 2007 and 2010, 2 crashes were reported at this location. One crash involved a vehicle
backing out of the Mini Mart parking lot and into a second vehicle parked along the east side of
Main Street. The second crash involved only 1 vehicle within the parking lot and resulted in a
collision with a fixed object.
An RSA team member noted that the Mini Mart has additional parking at the rear of the site that
is often underutilized; however, one of the 90-degree parking spaces (currently signed as a private
parking space for “Tammy’s Jeep”) at the front of the site is located too close to a utility pole and
partially blocks access to the parking in the rear of the property.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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The RSA team also noted that the
Mini Mart posts advertisements on
the utility pole that partially block
sight distance.
No Parking signage along the east
side of Main Street is unclear
regarding where the no-parking zone
begins and ends.
Advertisements on the utility pole partially block sight distance.
Enhancements:
1. Remove advertisement signs from the utility pole.
2. Work with the Mini Mart owner to improve the parking area and eliminate/reduce
vehicular conflicts (e.g., remove/relocate first 90-degree parking space, currently
reserved for “Tammy’s Jeep”, between the building and the utility pole to improve access
to the rear parking area, improve signage for parking in the rear, re-stripe the parking area
in front, change the surface to indicate safe access/exit points for the parking areas, etc.).
3. Identify Main Street right-of-way to help inform long-term solutions to informal and/or
problematic parking along Main Street.
4. Add planters or other elements in Town right-of-way (once identified) to delineate the
edge of the roadway and deter informal and/or problematic parking along Main Street.
5. Replace “No Parking” (R8-3) signs on the east side of Main Street with “No Parking
Between Signs” (R8-3 modified) signs.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Location #3.
Central Street/Main Street/Railroad Avenue/
Post Office
Observations:
A United States Post Office is located at the southeast corner of the intersection of Central
Street/Main Street/Railroad Avenue. RSA team members noted that vehicles making right turns
from Main Street northbound onto Central Street eastbound often make wide right turns and/or
cut through the Post Office parking lot. In the summer of 2009, the Town added edge lines along
Main Street and Central Street in an effort to keep vehicles within the road right-of-way. Soon
after this improvement, the owner of the Post Office parcel added a parallel dashed yellow line
along the edge line to further
delineate the Post Office parking
area.
According to RSA team members,
these additions have been successful at keeping vehicles traveling
along Main Street and Central
Street within the right-of-way;
however, there is no clear access/
exit point for the Post Office—
which may result in driver
confusion when entering the
intersection and/or the Post Office
parking lot.
The location of the Post Office parking lot results in a large
radius at the southeast corner of the Central Street/Main
Street intersection.
According to police records, 2 crashes were reported at this location between 2007 and 2010—
both of which occurred within the Post Office parking area. One crash involved a collision with a
parked vehicle, while the second crash involved a collision between 2 vehicles maneuvering
within the parking area. RSA team members also noted a high number of near misses at this
location that are not reflected in the police reports.
The RSA team also noted that the Post Office loading dock is located along the west side of the
building and may require trucks to maneuver within the right-of-way to access the loading dock.
The presence of the loading dock would also need to be considered if designated access/exit
points are chosen for the Post Office.
The northeast corner of the intersection has a large radius, which allows vehicles to turn at higher
speeds.
An abandoned railroad right-of-way crosses the intersection diagonally between the southwest
and northeast corners. The right-of-way is currently owned by National Grid. At the northeast
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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corner, the railroad right-of-way functions as Railroad Avenue, an unpaved informal access
driveway for residential uses. Railroad Avenue formerly provided a through connection between
Central Street and Church Street; however, in recent years, abutters have blocked through access
with landscape elements to deter cut-through traffic. Residents now access the ends of Railroad
Avenue from either Central Street or Church Street. The Railroad Avenue southwest-bound
approach at the intersection of Main Street and Central Street complicates intersection operations.
The railroad right-of-way at the southwest corner is not currently used.
The RSA team noted that the stop line on the Central Street westbound approach is located in
close proximity to the Main Street northbound travel lane. Motorists waiting at the Central Street
westbound stop line may obstruct left turns onto Central Street from Main Street southbound.
Due to the presence of Railroad Avenue at the northeast corner of the intersection, there is no
adequate location to place the stop sign for the Central Street westbound approach. As a result,
the stop sign is located upstream (east) of the stop line; motorists cannot see the stop sign while
waiting at the stop line.
An RSA team member noted that plans were currently underway to construct a recreational trail
(Border to Boston Trail) along the former railroad bed at the southwestern side of the intersection.
As currently planned, the Newbury portion of the proposed 28-mile shared use trail would run
between the Georgtown town line and Main Street. The trail would then connect with an onstreet portion along Main Street and follow Main Street and South Streets to Scotland Road and
then Parker Street in Newburyport.
Enhancements:
1. Further delineate the edge of the roadway (e.g., add curbing or other delineation methods,
remove some pavement, add loam and seed/plantings, etc.). If curbing is added, consider
its impacts on drainage.
2. Work with the owner of the Post Office parcel to delineate parking lot access/exit points.
Consider loading access for the Post Office.
3. Relocate the stop line at the Central Street westbound approach 5 feet to the east of its
current location.
4. Tighten up the intersection by reducing paved area, where possible, while still ensuring
emergency vehicle and truck access.
5. Work with Railroad Avenue owner (National Grid) and abutters to evaluate the feasibility
of closing the access point on Central Street and removing obstructions along Railroad
Avenue to allow abutters to access their parcels via Church Street.
6. Move the stop sign on Central Street westbound approach west to the stop line if Railroad
Avenue access at Central Street is closed.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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7. Consider changes in geometry at the intersection (e.g., roundabout, mini-roundabout;
etc.) if short-term measures are ineffective and/or if crash experience/severity worsens.
Coordinate any such changes with any current/future planning/design efforts for the
future bicycle path/trail connection through the intersection.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Location #4.
Church Street/Main Street
Observations:
Church Street intersects Main
Street from the southeast at an
acute angle, forming a skewed
T intersection. The Church Street
northwest-bound approach operates
under stop control. A small planted
island with a utility pole in the
center currently separates the
northwest-bound and southeastbound lanes. Prior to circulation
changes made by the Town
approximately one-year ago,
Church Street had functioned as
two-way on both the north and
south sides of the utility pole.
Utility pole inhibits turning movements into/out of
Church Street.
Currently, traffic is directed so that
all traffic exiting Church Street
onto Main Street now goes to the north (right-hand) side of the pole and all traffic entering
Church from Main Street now goes to the south (left-hand) side of the pole.
RSA team members noted concern over vehicles traveling between Church Street and Moody
Street (which is located less than 100 feet north of Church Street). Due to the skewed intersection
alignment at both Main Street/Church Street and Main Street/Moody Street, vehicles were able to
travel between Church Street and Moody Street at a high rate of speed prior to the circulation
changes.
An RSA team member noted that school buses have difficulty making left turns from Church
northwest-bound onto Main Street southbound due to the presence of the island and utility pole.
Prior to the circulation changes at the intersection, buses were able to effectively turn left onto
Main Street from Church Street on the left-hand side of the pole. It was noted that the current
angled configuration of the stop line pavement markings (on the right-hand side of the pole) looks
like two lanes and may make bus drivers keep on the left side of the lane which may result in
their difficulty making a left-turn. The RSA team also noted that the Town may be considering
using a new bus company this year.
A Keep Right (R4-7) sign is not provided on the utility pole at the Church Street northwest-bound
approach to remind drivers to pass only to the right of the island and utility pole.
An RSA team member noted that a stop sign is missing on the right side of the Church Street
northwest-bound approach; however, due to the presence of shrubs along the north side of Church
Street, there is no appropriate location to place a sign.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Sight distance to the south from Church
Street is limited by the presence of a crest
vertical curve in the roadway along Main
Street.
RSA team members noted that vehicle
speeds along Main Street had been a
concern, particularly due to the sight
distance limitations; however, increased
enforcement by the Town of Newbury
Police Department has been very
successful.
Sight lines along Main Street are limited by the vertical
curve.
Enhancements:
1. Re-stripe a straight stop line at the Church Street northwest-bound approach and discuss
with existing/new bus company that the entire lane can be used for the left-turn
maneuver.
2. Pave the shoulder on the west side of Main Street, where possible, and ensure adequate
snow removal at this location during the winter months to facilitate bus turns if restriping the stop line and working with the bus company is not successful.
3. Install Keep Right (R4-7) sign on the utility pole at the Church Street northwest-bound
approach.
4. Improve intersection geometry (long-term) to allow Church Street to intersect Main
Street at more of a 90-degree angle to improve sight lines and to prevent a straight shot
to/from Moody Street. Tighten the intersection radius where possible and install stop
sign on the right side of the Church Street northwest-bound approach.
5. Work with utility company to relocate utility pole (long-term) if Church Street cannot be
realigned in an appropriate manner around the pole. Relocation may be accomplished in
conjunction with the bicycle path/trail (if also moving other utility poles as part of that
project).
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Location #5.
Church Street/Downfall Road/Lunt Street
Observations:
In 2009, the Town converted Church Street between Central Street and Downfall Road/Lunt
Street from 2-way to 1-way northwest-bound and installed stop signs on both Church Street
approaches to create an all-way stop
control (AWSC) intersection. These
changes were made in an effort to
reduce cut-through traffic destined
for the I-95 ramps via Church Street.
According to RSA team members, the
improvements have been successful.
No crashes were reported at this
intersection between 2007 and 2010.
The former Town of Newbury
“Yellow School” is located at the
southwest corner of the intersection.
RSA team members noted that the
school will probably be re-used in the
future; however, parking for the site
is limited.
Stop signs and 1-way Church Street have proven
effective.
Enhancements:
1. Consider parking demand needs for future re-use of Yellow School and any resulting
traffic/safety impacts on the intersection of Church Street/Downfall Road/Lunt Street.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Location #6.
Church Street/Central Street
Observations:
Church Street intersects Central Street from the northwest at an acute angle, forming a skewed
T intersection. Due to the resulting large radius at the northeast corner of the intersection,
vehicles making a right turn from Central
Street westbound onto Church Street
northwest-bound can do so at a high rate of
speed. In recent years, the Town has added
pavement markings to try to force vehicles
to make more of a 90-degree turn.
According to police records, only 1 crash
was reported between 2007 and 2010.
The crash occurred in 2008 prior to the
conversion of Church Street to 1-way
northwest-bound and involved a vehicle
turning left out of Church Street onto
Central Street.
The large radius at the northeaster corner of the Church
Street/Central Street intersections allows for higher
speeds.
Advance intersection signage along the
Central Street westbound approach is not
provided.
“Road Narrows” (W5-1) and “20 mph” (R2-1) signage is provided in advance of the intersection
along the Central Street westbound approach; however, the speed limit signage is not consistent
with the speed regulations (30 mph) for this area.
Enhancements:
1. Improve the intersection geometry (e.g., add curbing or other delineation methods,
remove some pavement, and add loam and seed/plantings, etc.) to allow Church Street to
intersect Main Street at more of a 90-degree angle.
2. Install advance intersection warning signage (e.g., side road symbol – W2-3) along the
Central Street westbound approach to help prevent rear end collisions.
3. Replace existing “Speed Limit 20 mph” (R2-1) signage with supplemental advisory
speed plaque “20 mph” (W13-1) beneath existing road narrows sign (W5-1)
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Location #7.
Central Street/Lunt Street
Observations:
RSA team members noted that signage for the Community United Methodist Church located
at the northeast corner of the intersection of Central Street/Lunt Street restricts sight lines.
A crosswalk is provided diagonally across Central Street between the northwest and southeast
corners of the intersection.
RSA team members noted
that this crosswalk was
placed to accommodate a
desire line created by the
former Yellow School;
however, now that the
Yellow School is closed,
this crosswalk no longer
serves current desire lines.
Crosswalks are not
provided across Lunt
Street.
A mid-block crosswalk is
provided across Central
Street adjacent to the
This diagonal crosswalk once served the Yellow School.
church entrance. RSA
team members noted that
it is seldom used; however, it appears to serve the Church on the north side of Central Street and
the sidewalk and Church office across the street on the south side of Central Street. No sidewalk
is provided along the north side of Church Street. RSA team members also raised concerns over
the safety of crossing at this location due to the downgrade along Central Street in the westbound
direction, which may make it difficult for motorists to perceive and react to a pedestrian crossing
in this location.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Enhancements:
1. Work with Community United Methodist Church to relocate signage at the northeast
corner of the intersection of Central Street/Lunt Street to improve sight lines.
2. Relocate existing diagonal crosswalk on Central Street to either northern or southern leg
of intersection (at 90-degree angle), as appropriate.
3. Add a crosswalk across the eastern and/or western leg of Lunt Street at the intersection,
as appropriate.
4. Install pedestrian crossing warning signage and a supplemental, diagonal, downwardpointing arrow plaque (W11-2 and W16-7p) showing the location of the crosswalks on
the Central Street eastbound and westbound approaches.
5. Evaluate sight distance and conduct a pedestrian study at the crosswalk on Central Street
adjacent to the church to evaluate safety and the need for a crosswalk at this location.
6. Consider the appropriateness of installing a sidewalk along the north side of Central
Street between the Church entrance and Lunt Street.
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Road Safety Audit—Byfield
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Study Area-wide Observations
Observations:
The RSA team noted several handicapped signs posted throughout the study area. The Town had
posted them several years ago in response to a handicapped resident’s request.
An RSA team member noted that if significant future circulation changes are made, temporary
signage should be used to inform motorists of the changes.
Enhancements:
1. Determine if the disabled resident still lives in the area and if the signs are still warranted.
2. If significant future circulation changes are considered, allow for a public process to
solicit public input and then use temporary signage to inform motorists of any resulting
changes.
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Recommendations
Based on its observations and discussions, the RSA team identified the issues and possible enhancements
that could improve the safety at several locations in Byfield.
Short-term recommendations include:

Delineate roadway right-of-way;

Clarify appropriate access/exit points for land uses adjacent to roadways;

Remove/relocate obstructions to improve sight lines;

Tighten intersection geometry by removing pavement;

Improve traffic control and warning signage; and

Improve pedestrian crossings.
To further enhance safety, the RSA team recommends these long-term measures:

Changes in geometry and planning for a future bicycle path at Central Street/Main Street/Railroad
Avenue/Post Office;

Changes in geometry at Church Street/Main Street; and

Plan for future re-use of the Yellow School and any resulting traffic/safety impacts on the intersection
of Church Street/Downfall Road/Lunt Street.
Further study and design work need to be conducted to determine the feasibility of making such long-term
improvements.
Table 2 summarizes these safety issues, possible enhancements, estimated safety payoff, time frame, cost,
and responsibility. Safety payoff estimates are based on the approximate percent of crashes reduced by
enhancement and are categorized as low (<30%), medium (30% to 70%), and high (>70%). The time
frame is categorized as short-term (<1 year), mid-term (1 to 3 years), or long-term (typically >3 years).
Long-term improvements are typically considered to be substantial improvements with an expected timeframe for implementation greater than 3 years. The costs are categorized as low (<$10,000), medium
($10,001 to $50,000), or high (>$50,000).
Hopefully the Town of Newbury can program the proposed safety enhancements identified as part of this
RSA into its budget and implement them to the extent feasible.
Page 22
Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Table 2. Proposed Safety Enhancement Summary
Location
Safety Issue
Intersection
Geometry
Parking
Location #1.
Main Street/
Lunt Street
Pedestrian
Safety
Sight Distance
Lighting
Sight Distance
Location #2.
Main Street at
the Mini Mart
Traffic
Operations
Parking
Safety
Safety Enhancement
Payoff Time Frame
Formalize the reconfigured 1-way Lunt Street at Main Street
and delineate the edge of the roadway (e.g., add curbing or
Medium/
Mid-term
High
other delineation methods, remove some pavement, and add
loam and seed/plantings).
Introduce physical elements (e.g., plantings, stones, etc.),
Short-/
rather than formal signing, to deter on-street parking within the Medium
Mid-term
intersection and at locations that limit sight distance.
Install pedestrian crossing warning signage and a supplemental, diagonal, downward-pointing arrow plaque (W11-2
Low/
and W16-7p) showing the location of the crosswalks on the
Short-term
Medium
Main Street northbound and southbound approaches and at
the Lunt Street southwest-bound approach.
Trim brush, to the extent possible, at the southeast corner
Low
Short-term
of the intersection and maintain sight lines.
Maintain overhead street lighting at this intersection
Short-/
Medium
to ensure pedestrian and vehicular safety.
Long-term
Remove advertisement signs from the utility pole.
Work with the Mini Mart owner to improve the parking area
and eliminate/reduce vehicular conflicts (e.g., remove/relocate
first 90-degree parking space, currently reserved for “Tammy’s
Jeep”, located between the building and the utility pole to
improve acces to the rear parking area, improve signage for
parking in the rear, re-stripe the parking area in front, change
the surface to indicate safe access/exit points for the parking
areas, etc.).
Identify Main Street right-of-way to help inform long-term
solutions to informal and/or problematic parking along Main
Street.
Add planters or other elements in the Town right-of-way (once
identified) to delineate the edge of the roadway and deter
informal and/or problematic parking along Main Street.
Replace “No Parking” (R8-3) signs on the east side of Main
Street with “No Parking Between Signs” (R8-3 modified) signs.
Cost
Responsibility
Medium
Town of Newbury
Low
Town of Newbury
Low
Town of Newbury
Low
Town of Newbury
Low
Town of Newbury
Low
Short-term
N/A
Town of Newbury/
Mini Mart
Mid
Short-/
Mid-term
Low
Town of Newbury/
Mini Mart
N/A
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury/
Mini Mart
Medium
Mid-term
Low
Town of Newbury/
Mini Mart
Low
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Page 23
Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Location
Safety Issue
Traffic
Operations
Location #3.
Central
Street/Main
Street/Railroad
Avenue/Post
Office
Signage
Intersection
Geometry
Safety
Safety Enhancement
Payoff Time Frame
Further delineate the edge of the roadway (e.g., add curbing
Mid-term/
or other delineation methods, remove some pavement,
Medium
Long-term
add loam and seed/ plantings, etc.). If curbing is added,
consider impacts on drainage.
Work with the Post Office parcel owner to delineate parking
Mid-term/
lot access/exit points. Consider loading access for the Post Medium
Long-term
Office.
Relocate the stop line at the Central Street westbound
Low
Short-term
approach 5 feet to the east of its current location.
Move the stop sign on the Central Street westbound
Midapproach west to the stop line if Railroad Avenue access
Low
term/Longat Central Street is closed.
term
Work with Railroad Avenue owner (National Grid) and
abutters to evaluate the feasibility of closing the access
Midpoint on Central Street and removing obstructions along
Medium term/LongRailroad Avenue to allow abutters to access their parcels
term
via Church Street.
Tighten up the intersection by reducing paved area, where
Midpossible, while still ensuring emergency vehicle and truck
Medium term/Longaccess.
term
Consider changes in geometry at the intersection (e.g.,
roundabout, mini-roundabout; etc.) if short-term measures
are ineffective and/or if crash experience/severity worsens.
Medium/
Long-term
Coordinate any such changes with any current/future
High
planning/design efforts for the future bicycle path/Trail
connection through the intersection.
Cost
Responsibility
Low/Mid
Town of Newbury
Low/Mid
Town of Newbury
Low
Town of Newbury
Low
Town of Newbury
Low
Town of Newbury
Low/Mid
Town of Newbury
Mid/High
Town of Newbury
Page 24
Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Location
Safety Issue
Traffic
Operations
Location #4.
Church/Main
Street
Intersection
Geometry
Location #5.
Church
Street/Downfall
Road/Lunt
Street
Parking/
Traffic
Operations
Safety
Safety Enhancement
Payoff
Re-stripe a straight stop line at the Church Street northwestbound approach and discuss with existing/new bus
Low
company that the entire lane can be used for the left-turn
maneuver
Pave shoulder on the west side of Main Street, where
possible, and ensure adequate snow removal at this location
during the winter months to facilitate bus turns if re-striping
Low
the stop line and working with the bus company is not
successful.
Work with the utility company to relocate utility pole if
Church Street cannot be realigned in an appropriate manner
around pole. Relocation may be accomplished in
Medium
conjunction with the bicycle path (if also moving other utility
poles as part of that project).
Install Keep Right (R4-7) sign on the utility pole at the
Low
Church Street northwest-bound approach.
Work with utility company to relocate utility pole (long-term)
if Church Street cannot be realigned in an appropriate
manner around the pole. Relocation may be accomplished
Low
in conjunction with the bicycle path/trail (if also moving other
utility poles as part of that project).
Improve intersection geometry (long-term) to allow Church
Street to intersect Main Street at more of a 90-degree angle
to improve sight lines and to prevent a straight shot to/from
Medium
Moody Street. Tighten the intersection radius where
possible and install a stop sign on the right side of the
Church Street northwest-bound approach.
Consider parking demand needs for future re-use of Yellow
School and any resulting traffic/safety impacts on the
intersection of Church Street/Downfall Road/Lunt Street.
Low
Time Frame
Cost
Responsibility
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Mid-term
Medium
Town of Newbury
Mid-/
Long-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Mid-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Long-term
Low/
Medium
Town of Newbury
Long-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Page 25
Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Location
Location #6.
Church
Street/Central
Street
Location #7.
Church
Street/Central
Street
Study
Area-wide
Observations
Safety
Safety Enhancement
Payoff
Improve intersection geometry (e.g., add curbing or other
Intersection
delineation methods, remove some pavement, and add
Low
Geometry
loam and seed/plantings, etc.) to allow Church Street to
intersect Main Street at more of a 90-degree angle.
Install advance intersection warning signage (e.g., side road
symbol – W2-3) along the Central Street westbound
Low
approach to help prevent rear end collisions.
Signage
Replace existing “Speed Limit 20 mph” (R2-1) signage with
supplemental advisory speed plaque “20 mph” (W13-1)
Low
beneath existing road narrows sign (W5-1)
Work with Community United Methodist Church to relocate
Sight Distance
signage at the northeast corner of the intersection of Central
Low
Street/Lunt Street to improve sight lines.
Relocate existing diagonal crosswalk on Central Street to
either northern or southern leg of intersection (at 90-degree
Low
angle), as appropriate.
Pedestrian
Add crosswalk across the eastern and/or western leg of Lunt
Low
Accommodations Street at the intersection as appropriate.
Consider the appropriateness of installing a sidewalk along
the north side of Central Street between the Church
Low
entrance and Lunt Street.
Install pedestrian crossing warning signage and a supplemental, diagonal, downward-pointing arrow plaque (W11-2
Signage
Low
and W16-7p) showing the location of the crosswalks on the
Central Street eastbound and westbound approaches.
Sight Distance/
Evaluate sight distance and conduct a pedestrian study at
Low/
Pedestrian
the crosswalk on Central Street adjacent to the church to
Medium
Accommodations evaluate safety and the need for a crosswalk at this location.
Determine if the disabled resident still lives in the area and
Signage
N/A
if the signs are still warranted.
If significant future circulation changes are considered, allow
for a public process to solicit public input and then use
Low/
Driver Education
temporary signage to inform motorists of the resulting
Medium
changes.
Safety Issue
Time Frame
Cost
Responsibility
Mid-term
Medium
Town of Newbury
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Short-term
N/A
Town of Newbury
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Mid-term
Medium
Town of Newbury
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Short-/
Mid-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Short-term
Low
Town of Newbury
Long-term
Low/Mid
Town of Newbury
Page 26
Road Safety Audit— Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Appendix A. RSA Meeting Agenda
Road Safety Audit
Newbury – Byfields area
Meeting Location: To Be Determined
Wednesday, May 12th, 2010
10:00 AM – 12:00 noon
Type of meeting:
Road Safety Audit
Attendees:
Invited Participants to Comprise a Multidisciplinary Team
Please bring:
Thoughts and Enthusiasm!!
10:00 AM
Welcome and Introductions
10:15 AM
Review of Site Specific Material
 Crash, Speed & Volume Summaries
 Existing Geometries and Conditions
10:45 AM
Visit the Site
 Walk / drive through the Byfields area (in the vicinity of Main Street, Lunt Street
Central Street and Church Street)
 As a group, identify areas for improvement
11:30 AM
Completion of RSA
 Finalize discussion on all areas for improvement
 Discuss potential improvements with pros and cons and record possible
countermeasures
12:00 noon
Adjourn for the Day – but the RSA has not ended
Instructions for Participants:
 Before attending the RSA on May 12th, participants are encouraged to drive / walk
through the intersection and complete/consider elements on the RSA Prompt List
with a focus on safety.
 All participants will be actively involved in the process throughout. Participants
are encouraged to come with thoughts and ideas, but are reminded that the
synergy that develops and respect for others’ opinions are key elements to the
success of the overall RSA process.
 After the RSA meeting, participants will be asked to comment and respond to the
document materials to assure it is reflective of the RSA completed by the
multidisciplinary team.
Road Safety Audit— Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Appendix B. RSA Audit Team Contact List
Road Safety Audit— Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Participating Audit Team Members
Date:
Wednesday, May 12, 2010
Audit Team Members
Chuck Kostro
Martha Taylor
Michael Reilly
Tim Leonard
David Powell
Anthony Komornick
William Pearson
John Gregg
Bonnie Polin
Carrie Lavallee
Lisa Schletzbaum
Keri Pyke
Joe SanClemente
Location:
Newbury Town Library
0 Lunt Street
Byfield, MA 01922
Agency/Affiliation
E-mail Address
Town of Newbury
admin@townofnewbury.org
Town of Newbury Planning Department
planningboard@townofnewbury.org
Town of Newbury Police Department
chiefreilly@newburypolice.com
Town of Newbury Public Works/Fire Dept.
highway@townofnewbury.org
Town of Newbury Planning Board
andpowell39@comcast.net
Merrimac Valley Planning Commission
akomornick@mvpc.org
Town of Newbury Fire Department
MassDOT District 4 Traffic
john.gregg@state.ma.us
MassDOT Highway Division Safety Section
bonnie.polin@state.ma.us
MassDOT Project Management
carrie.lavalee@state.ma.us
MassDOT Highway Division Safety Section
lisa.schletzbaum@state.ma.us
Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates
kpyke@hshassoc.com
Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates
jsanclemente@hshassoc.com
Phone Number
(978) 465-0862 x301
(978) 465-0862 x312
(978) 462-4440 x120
(978) 265-5097
(978) 463-4338
(978) 374-0519
(978) 465-7271
(781) 641-8485
(617) 973-7991
(617) 973-8834
(617) 973-7685
(617) 482-7080
(617) 482-7080
Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Appendix C. Detailed Crash Data
Crash Number
Crash Date
sent from NPD
2/10/2007 0:00
sent from NPD
4/29/2007 0:00
sent from NPD
5/2/2007 0:00
sent from NPD
5/20/2007 0:00
sent from NPD
9/25/2007 0:00
sent from NPD
12/2/2007 0:00
2417120
sent from NPD
2/22/2008 0:00
2/22/2008 0:00
2546918
6/10/2008 0:00
2547647
8/7/2008 0:00
2547052
12/27/2008 0:00
2546728
4/9/2009 0:00
Crash Time City/Town
Crash Severity
Property damage only
5:13 PM NEWBURY (none injured)
Property damage only
8:28 PM NEWBURY (none injured)
Property damage only
12:15 PM NEWBURY (none injured)
Property damage only
9:42 AM NEWBURY (none injured)
7:30 AM NEWBURY Injury
Property damage only
11:58 PM NEWBURY (none injured)
Property damage only
6:15 AM NEWBURY (none injured)
2:33 PM NEWBURY Injury
Property damage only
9:04 AM NEWBURY (none injured)
Property damage only
3:00 PM NEWBURY (none injured)
Property damage only
9:00 PM NEWBURY (none injured)
Property damage only
2:02 PM NEWBURY (none injured)
2007-2009 pulled as of 4/28/10 and updated with NPD info
Not in immediate area
Maximum Injury
Severity Reported
Number of NonFatal
Injuries
Number of Fatal
Injuries
Number of
Vehicles
Manner of Collision
No injury
0
0
1 Single vehicle crash
No injury
0
0
1 Single vehicle crash
No injury
0
0
2
Angle
Rear End
No injury
0
0
2
Non-incapacitating
injury
1
0
2
No injury
0
0
1 Single vehicle crash
No injury
Non-incapacitating
injury
0
0
2 Sideswipe, opposite direction
1
0
1 Single vehicle crash
No injury
0
0
2 Angle
No injury
0
0
1 Single vehicle crash
No injury
0
0
1 Single vehicle crash
No injury
0
0
2 Angle
Angle
Vehicle Action Prior to
Crash
V1: Travelling straight
ahead
V1: Travelling straight
ahead
V1: Turning right /
V2:Parked
V1: Slow or stopped /
V2: Slow or stopped
V1: Entering travel lane /
V2: Travelling straight
ahead
V1: Travelling straight
ahead
V1: Travelling straight
ahead / V2:Turning left
V1: Travelling straight
ahead
Vehicle Travel
Directions
First Harmful Event
Location
Most Harmful Events
Collision with other movable
object
Roadway
V1:(Collision with other fixed object (wall,
building, tunnel, etc.))
Roadway
V1:(Collision with deer)
Outside roadway
V1:W / V2:W
Collision with deer
Collision with parked motor
vehicle
Collision with motor vehicle
in traffic
Roadway
V1:(Collision with parked motor vehicle)
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1:E / V2:S
Collision with motor vehicle
in traffic
Roadway
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1:W
V1:W
V1:E
V1:E
Roadway
V1:W / V2:S
Collision with guardrail
Collision with motor vehicle
in traffic
Roadway
V1: (Collision with guardrail)
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1:E
Collision with utility pole
Roadway
V1:(Collision with utility pole)
Collision with parked motor
vehicle
Roadside
V1: Backing / V2:Parked V1:W / V2:8
V1: Travelling straight
ahead
V1:W
V1: Backing
V1: Turning left /
V2:Backing
First Harmful Event
V1:E
V1:W / V2:N
Collision with other
Outside roadway
Collision with unknown fixed
object
Outside roadway
Collision with motor vehicle
in traffic
Outside roadway
V1:(Collision with parked motor vehicle)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1:(Collision with other fixed object (wall,
building, tunnel, etc.))
V1:(Collision with other fixed object (wall,
building, tunnel, etc.))
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
Vehicle Sequence of Events
V1:(Collision with other fixed object (wall,
building, tunnel, etc.))
Vehicle Configuration
Age of Driver Youngest Known
Age of Driver Oldest Known
Driver Contributing Codes
45-54
D1:(Inattention)
V1:(Collision with deer)
V1:(Passenger car)
45-54
V1:(Light truck(van, mini-van, panel,
pickup, sport utility) with only four
tires)
45-54
45-54
D1:(No improper driving)
V1:(Collision with parked motor vehicle)
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1:(Passenger car) V2:()
16-20
V1:(Passenger car) V2:(Passenger
car)
35-44
16-20
D1:(Inattention)
>75
D1:(No improper driving) D2:(Inattention)
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1: (Collision with guardrail) , (Collision with
fence)
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1:(Collision with utility pole), (Ran off road
left)
V1:(Single unit truck (2 axles, 6
tires)) V2:(Passenger car)
21-24
25-34
D1:(Failed to yield right of way) D2: (No
improper driving)
V1:(Passenger car)
16-20
V1:(Passenger car) V2:(Passenger
car)
21-24
16-20
35-44
D1:(No improper driving)
D1:(No improper driving) D2:(Failed to yield
right of way)
V1:(Passenger car)
16-20
V1:(Light truck(van, mini-van, panel,
pickup, sport utility) with only four
tires) V2:()
45-54
16-20
D1:(Driving too fast for conditions)
45-54
D1:(No improper driving) D2:()
V1:(Passenger car)
25-34
25-34
V1:(Passenger car)
25-34
V1:(Passenger car) V2:(Passenger
car)
21-24
25-34
D1:(Unknown)
D1:(Operating vehicle in erratic, reckless,
careless, negligent or aggressive manner)
D1:(No improper driving) D2:(No improper
driving)
V1:(Collision with parked motor vehicle)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V1:(Collision with other fixed object(wall,
building, tunnel, etc.))
V1:(Collision with other fixed object(wall,
building, tunnel, etc.))
V1:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
V2:(Collision with motor vehicle in traffic)
55-64
Non Motorist Type Non Motorist Action
Non Motorist
Location
Hit & Run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
No hit and
run
Road
Surface
Ambient Light
Weather Condition
Street
Number
Dry
Daylight
Clear
115
Dry
Dark - lighted roadway
Cloudy
Dry
Daylight
Clear
Wet
Daylight
Cloudy/Rain
Dry
Daylight
Ice
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Sleet, hail, freezing
rain/Snow
Snow
Dark - lighted roadway
Snow
Snow
Daylight
Snow
28
Dry
Daylight
Clear
53
Dry
Daylight
53
Wet
Dark - lighted roadway
Cloudy
Cloudy/Fog, smog,
smoke
Dry
Daylight
Clear
67
16
2
Roadway
Distance And Direction From
Intersection
Near Intersection
Roadway
Landmark
Distance And Direction From
Landmark
Two-way, not
divided
MAIN STREET
Two-way, not
divided
One-way, not
divided
Two-way, not
divided
CENTRAL STREET
IN BYFIELD POST OFFICE
PARKING AREA
CENTRAL STREET / MAIN STREET
CENTRAL STREET/I-95 NB OFF RAMP
Two-way, not
divided
Two-way, not
divided
Two-way, not
divided
Two-way, not
divided
CENTRAL STREET / FATHERLAND DRIVE
CENTRAL STREET
CENTRAL STREET / CHURCH STREET
MAIN STREET
MAIN STREET
MINI MART
MAIN STREET
CENTRAL STREET
CENTRAL STREET
Traffic Way
KENT WAY
BYFIELD POST OFFICE
20 feet N of
Two-way, not
divided
Two-way, not
divided
Two-way, not
divided
Two-way, not
divided
Speed
Limit
Roadway Intersection
Type
Traffic Control
Device Type
Traffic Device
Functioning
Police Agency
0 Traffic Circle
No controls
Not reported
Local police
35 Not at junction
No controls
Local police
0 Not at junction
No controls
Not reported
No, device not
functioning
0 Off ramp
Yield sign
Not reported
Local police
0 T-intersection
Stop sign
Local police
30 Not at junction
No controls
0 T-intersection
No controls
No, device not
functioning
No, device not
functioning
No, device not
functioning
30 Not at junction
No controls
Not reported
Local police
30 Not at junction
No controls
Local police
Local police
0 Driveway
No controls
0 T-intersection
No controls
Not reported
No, device not
functioning
No, device not
functioning
0 Not at junction
No controls
Not reported
Local police
Local police
Local police
Local police
Local police
Road Safety Audit—Byfield
Prepared by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.
Appendix D. Additional Information