Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Technical Advisory Committee
Focus Group
Consultant Team
Architectural Access Board
City of Cambridge
Central Transportation Planning Staff
Department of Environmental Management
Executive Office of Environmental Affairs
Executive Office of Transportation and Construction
Federal Highway Administration
Governor's Highway Safety Bureau
Metropolitan Area Planning Council
Massachusetts Highway Department
Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
Massachusetts Department of Public Health
Massachusetts Office of Tourism and Travel
Massachusetts Association of Regional Planning
Agencies
Michael Abend, Abend Associates
Jacqueline Chipman, School Safety Committee,
Town of Reading
R. Patrick Ellis, Former DPW Director, Sandwich
Mark Fenton, Walking Magazine
Alan I. Gordon, Worcester Office of Planning &
Community Development
Ben Haynes, Coalition of Citizens with Disabilities
Lyle Micheli, M.D., Governor’s Committee on
Physical Fitness and Sports
Ray Peachey, Massachusetts Safety Officers
League, Westford Police Department
Joe Rice, M.D., Governor’s Committee on Physical
Fitness and Sports
Randi Vega, Martha's Vineyard Chamber of
Commerce
Wallace, Floyd, Associates Inc.
with: HDR Engineering, Inc.
Boston Affiliates, Inc.
Harvard Design & Mapping Co., Inc.
The Massachusetts Pedestrian Transportation Plan is sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration, the
Massachusetts Executive Office of Transportation and Construction, and the Massachusetts Highway Department.
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Table of Contents
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Chapter ............................................................ Page
Appendix A - Guidelines and Checklists
1.
Introduction ................................................. 1-1
Appendix B - Publications and Resources
2.
Achieving the Vision .................................. 2-1
Appendix C - Regional Planning Agencies
3.
Who Walks and Why? ................................ 3-1
4.
Pedestrian Safety ........................................ 4-1
Appendix D - Excerpts of Massachusetts General
Laws and Code of Massachusetts
Regulations
5.
The Potential to Increase Walking ............ 5-1
Appendix E - Funding Sources
6.
Approaches to Improving Walking ......... 6-1
7.
Institutions and Roles ................................ 7-1
8.
Prototypes .................................................... 8-1
Downtowns ............................................ 8-5
Small Town/Village Centers ............... 8-9
Commercial Strip Development ....... 8-13
Transit Access ...................................... 8-17
Trails ...................................................... 8-21
Roadways ............................................. 8-25
9.
Policy Context ............................................ 9-1
10. Recommended Actions ........................... 10-1
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LIST
OF
FIGURES
1A. Roadway Ownership in Massachusetts .............................................. 1-3
5A. Factors Affecting the Decision to Walk ............................................... 5-2
1B. Massachusetts Population Unable or Unlikely to Drive .................. 1-3
5B. Example of Effective Walking Radius Analysis ................................. 5-6
3A. Walk Share by State for All Trips .......................................................... 3-1
6A. The “4-Es” and the Physical/Behavioral Spectrum .......................... 6-2
3B. Walk Share by Trip Purpose .................................................................. 3-2
3C. Journey to Work Trips in Massachusetts by Mode ............................ 3-2
7A. Summary of Institutions and Roles for Improving Walking ............ 7-2
3D. Walk to Work Share by Census Block Group ..................................... 3-3
3E. Trips by All Modes by Distance............................................................ 3-4
8A. Representative Inventory of Prototypes Statewide ........................... 8-2
3F. Walking Distances, Times, and Speeds ............................................... 3-4
8B. Prototype Key ......................................................................................... 8-4
3G. Walk Trips for All Purposes by Trip Duration.................................... 3-5
Downtown Land Use and Site Plan .................................................. 8-6
3H. Typical Walking Distances .................................................................... 3-5
Downtown Solutions ........................................................................... 8-7
3I. Walk Share for All Purposes by Age .................................................... 3-5
Small Town or Village Center Land Use and Site Plan ................ 8-10
3J. Massachusetts Population Unable or Unlikely to Drive .................. 3-5
Small Town or Village Center Solutions .......................................... 8-11
3K. Walk Share for All Purposes by Income .............................................. 3-5
Commercial Strip Land Use and Site Plan ..................................... 8-14
3L. Kilometers of Sidewalk in Massachusetts ........................................... 3-9
Commercial Strip Solutions .............................................................. 8-15
3M. Roadway Functional Classifications in Massachusetts ..................... 3-9
Transit Access Land Use and Site Plan ........................................... 8-18
Transit Access Solutions .................................................................... 8-19
4A. Massachusetts Accident Injuries by Mode, 1995 ............................... 4-2
Trail Examples and Issues ...................................................... 8-22&8-23
4B. Pedestrian Fatalities by State ................................................................ 4-2
Roadway Examples and Issues ............................................. 8-26&8-27
4C. Historic Trends in Pedestrian Accidents (Mass. and U.S.) ............... 4-3
4D. Massachusetts Pedestrian Accidents by Age ...................................... 4-3
4E. Common Accident Types and Percent Occurrence ........................... 4-4
4F. Chance of Pedestrian Fatality by Vehicle Speed ................................ 4-5
4G. Location of Pedestrian at Time of Accident ........................................ 4-5
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