Harmonization and improvement of
standards for ensuring
interoperability in accordance with
policies and regulations applied at
National, Regional and SubRegional levels
Keith Mainwaring
Ukrainian National Information Systems (UNIS)
Nairobi, 21 – 23 October 2015
International
Telecommunication
Union
Why standardisation?
Interoperability
Compatibility between equipment from
different sources
Manufacturers
Users (Network Operators)
Interface characteristics & system behaviour
Between systems
Between components within a system
1
International Organisation for Standardisation
(ISO)
Organisation of National Standardisation Institutes
Member Bodies (119)
e.g Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS)
Correspondent Members (38)
e.g. Zambia Bureau of Standards (ZABS)
Subscriber Members (5)
e.g. Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Department of Intellectual Property,
Standardization and Metrology (DISM)
International Electrotechnical Committee
(IEC)
Organisation of National Standardisation Institutes
Full Member (60)
Associate Member (23)
e.g. Kenya
2
Regional Standardisation Organiations
(Africa & Americas)
African Organisation for Standardisation (ARSO)
South African Development Community
Cooperation in Standardisation (SADCSTAN)
Pan American Standards Commission
(COPANT)
AMN - Asociasión MERCOSUR de
Normalización (MERCOSUR Association for
Standardization)
CARICOM Regional Organisation for Standards
and Quality (CROSQ)
International Telecommunications Union
(ITU)
Member States (193)
ITU-T, ITU-R, ITU-D
Sector Members
Associate Members
Academia
3
The Traditional Standardisation Process
International
e.g. ITU
Regional
e.g. ETSI, CITEL
National
Monopoly Telecommunications Operators
Telecommunications Standardisation in
Practice Today
An array of “international” forums
4
Due to:
Competition in telecommunications
markets
Technological change (Internet & Mobile)
But still
Some international / regional organisations
Some mandatory standards set by
international / regional organisations (e.g.
the European Union)
National standards (in particular for
equipment approval for access to the
market)
5
ITU Recommendations suitable for conformity
assessment & interoperability testing
International
Telecommunication
Union
ITU-T Recommendations
Methodology
Recommendations X.290 Series - OSI conformance testing methodology
and framework for protocol Recommendations for ITU-T applications
X.290 General concepts
X.291 Abstract test suite specification
X.292 The Tree and Tabular Combined Notation (TTCN)
X.293 Test Realization
X.294 Requirements on test laboratories and clients for the conformance
assessment process
X.295 Protocol profile test specification
X.296 Implementation conformance statements
Z.100 – Z.109 Specification and Description Language (SDL)
Z.110 – Z.119 Application of formal description techniques
Z.120 – Z.129 Message Sequence Chart (MSC)
Z.150 – Z. 159 User Requirements Notation (URN)
Z.160 – Z.179 Testing and Control Notation (TTCN-3)
6
ISDN Test Specifications
Q.765bis – SS7 Application transport mechanism: Test suite structure and test purposes (TSS & TP)
Q.780 Signalling System No. 7 test specification – General description
Q.781 MTP level 2 test specification
Q.782 MTP level 3 test specification
Q.783 TUP test specification
Q.784 ISUP basic call test specification
Q.784.1 ISUP basic call test specification: Validation and compatibility for ISUP'92 and Q.767 protocols
Q.784.2 ISUP basic call test specification: Abstract test suite for ISUP'92 basic call control procedures
Q.784.3 ISUP basic call test specification: ISUP '97 basic call control procedures – Test suite structure and test
purposes (TSS & TP)
Q.785 ISUP protocol test specification for supplementary services
Q.785.2 ISUP'97 supplementary services – Test suite structure and test purposes (TSS & TP)
Q.786 SCCP test specification
Q.787 Transaction capabilities (TC) test specification
Q.788 User-network-interface to user-network-interface compatibility test specifications for ISDN, non-ISDN and
undetermined accesses interworking over international ISUP
Q.921bis Abstract test suite for LAPD conformance testing
Q.933bis Abstract test suite – Signalling specification for frame mode basic call control conformance testing for
permanent virtual connections (PVCs)
ISDN
Q.703 (1996-07) MTP signaling link
Q.704 (1996-07) MTP Signalling network functions and messages
Q.706 (1993-03) Message transfer part signalling performance
Q.707 (1988-11) MTP Testing and maintenance
Q.711 (2001-03) Functional description of the signalling connection control part
Q.712 (1996-07) Definition and function of Signalling connection control part messages
Q.713 (2001-03) Signalling connection control part formats and codes
Q.714 (2001-05) Signalling connection control part procedures
Q.721 (1988-11) Functional description of the Signalling System No. 7 Telephone User Part (TUP)
Q.722 (1988-11) General function of telephone messages and signals
Q.723 (1988-11) Telephone user part formats and codes
Q.724 (1988-11) Telephone user part signalling procedures
Q.730 (1988) ISUP supplementary services (1988 version covered by test specification – latest version of Q.730 1999-12)
Q.761 (1999-12) SS7 ISDN User Part functional description
Q.762 (1999-12) SS7 ISDN User Part general functions of messages and signals
Q.763 (1999-12) SS7 ISDN User Part formats and codes
Q.764 (1999-12) SS7 ISDN User Part signalling procedures
Q.765 (2000-06) SS7 application transport mechanism
Q.767 (1991-02) Application of the ISDN User Part of CCITT signalling system No. 7 for international ISDN interconnections
Q.771 (1993) Functional description of transaction capabilities (93 version covered by test specification – latest version of
Q.771 – Q.774 1997-06)
Q.772 (1993) Transaction capabilities information element definitions
Q.773 (1993) Transaction capabilities formats and encoding
Q.774 (1993) Transaction capabilities procedures
Q.921 (1997-09) ISDN user-network interface – Data link layer specification
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SIP-ISDN interworking
Q.1912.5 (2004-03) Interworking between
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and
Bearer Independent Call Control protocol
or ISDN User Part
[Conformance test suites in Q.3900 Series
Recommendations]
NGN Testing (1)
Q.3900: Methods of testing and model network architecture for NGN technical means testing as
applied to public telecommunication network
Q.3901: Testing topology for networks and services based on NGN technical means
Q.3902: Operational parameters to be monitored when implementing NGN technical means in
public telecommunication networks
Q.3903: Formalized presentation of testing results
Q.3904: Testing principles for IMS model networks, and identification of relevant conformance,
interoperability and functionality tests
Q.3906.1: Test scenarios and catalogue for testing fixed-broadband access networks using a
model network – Part I
Q.3909: The framework and overview of NGN conformance and interoperability testing
Q.3910: Parameters for monitoring NGN protocols
Q.3911: Parameters for monitoring voice services in NGN
Q.3912: Set of parameters for monitoring next generation network streaming services
Q.3913: Set of parameters for monitoring internet of things devices
Q.3925: Traffic flow types for testing quality of service parameters on model networks
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NGN Testing (2)
Q.3930: Performance testing of distributed systems - Concepts and terminology
Q.3931.1: Performance benchmark for the PSTN/ISDN emulation subsystem of an IP multimedia
system – Part 1: Core concepts
Q.3931.2: Performance benchmark for the PSTN/ISDN emulation subsystem of an IP multimedia
system - Part 2: Subsystem configurations and benchmarks
Q.3931.3: Performance benchmark for the PSTN/ISDN emulation subsystem of an IP multimedia
system - Part 3: Traffic Sets and Traffic Profiles
Q.3940: NGN/IMS interconnection tests between network operators at the IMS 'Ic' interface and
NGN NNI / SIP-I
Q.3941.1: Network integration testing between SIP and ISDN/PSTN network signalling protocols –
Part 1: Test suite structure and test purposes for SIP-ISDN
Q.3941.2: Network integration testing between SIP and ISDN/PSTN network signalling protocols –
Part 2: Abstract test suite and partial protocol implementation extra information for testing
proforma specification for SIP-ISDN
Q. 3941.3: Network integration testing between SIP and ISDN/PSTN network signalling protocols
– Part 3: Test suite structure and test purposes for SIP-SIP
Q. 3941.4: Network integration testing between SIP and ISDN/PSTN network signalling protocols
– Part 4: Abstract test suite and partial protocol implementation extra information for testing
proforma specification for SIP-SIP
NGN Testing (3)
Q.3942.1: Conformance test specification for the terminating identification restriction using IP
multimedia core network subsystem – Part 1: Protocol implementation conformance statement
Q.3943.1: Conformance tests specification for the originating identification presentation and
originating identification restriction using the IP multimedia core network subsystem – Part 1:
Protocol
Q.3943.2: Conformance tests specification for the originating identification presentation and
originating identification restriction using the IP multimedia core network subsystem – Part 2:
Network side – Test suite structure and test purposes
Q.3943.3: Conformance tests specification for the originating identification presentation and
originating identification restriction using the IP multimedia core network subsystem – Part 3: User
side – Test suite structure and test purposes
Q.3945: Test specifications for next generation network services on model networks - Test set 1
Q.3946.1: Conformance Tests Specification for the session initiation protocol - Part 1: Protocol
Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) proforma
Q.3946.2: Conformance test specification for the session initiation protocol – Part 2: Test suite
structure and test purposes
Q.3946.3: Conformance Tests Specification for the session initiation protocol - Part 3: Abstract
Test Suite (ATS) and partial Protocol Implementation eXtra Information for Testing (PIXIT)
proforma
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NGN Testing (4)
Q.3948: Service testing framework for VoIP at NGN UNI
Q.3949: Real-time multimedia service testing framework at the user-to-network interface of next
generation networks
Q.3950:Testing and model network architecture for tag-based identification systems and functions
G.Series specifications of testing methods
G.650.1 Definitions and test methods for linear, deterministic
attributes of single-mode fibre and cable
G.650.2 Definitions and test methods for statistical and non-linear
related attributes of single-mode fibre and cable
G.650.3 Test methods for installed single-mode optical fibre cable
links
G.661 Definitions and test methods for the relevant generic
parameters of optical amplifier devices and subsystems
G.976 Test methods applicable to optical fibre submarine cable
systems
G.996.1 Test procedures for digital subscriber line (DSL)
transceivers
G.996.2 Single-ended line testing for digital subscriber lines (DSL)
G.Supplement 44 Test plan to verify B-PON interoperability
G.Supplement 46 G-PON interoperability test plan between optical
line terminations and optical network units
10
ITU-T specifications for testing of:
Optical fibre cables
G.652 (2009-11) Characteristics of a single-mode optical fibre and cable
G.653 (2010-07) Characteristics of a dispertion-shifted, single-mode optical fibre and cable
G.654 (2010-07) Characteristics of a cut-off shifted, single-mode optical fibre and cable
G.655 (2009-11) Characteristics of a non-zero dispersion-shifted single-mode optical fibre and cable
G.656 (2010-07) Characteristics of a fibre and cable with non-zero dispersion for wideband optical transport
G.657 (2009-11) Characteristics of a bending-loss insensitive single-mode optical fibre and cable for the access
network
Characteristics of optical components and subsystems
G.662 (2005-07) Generic characteristics of optical amplifier devices and subsystems
G.663 (2011-04) Application related aspects of optical amplifier devices and subsystems
G.664 (2006-03) Optical safety procedures and requirements for optical transport systems
G.665 (2005-01) Generic characteristics of Raman amplifiers and Raman amplified systems
G.666 (2011-02) Characteristics of PMD compensators and PMD compensating receivers
G.667 (2006-12) Characteristics of adaptive chromatic dispersion compensators
Optical fibre submarine cable systems
G.973 (2010-07) Characteristics of repeaterless optical fibre submarine cable systems
G.974 (2007-07) Characteristics of regenerative optical fibre submarine cable systems
G.975.1 (2004-02) Forward error correction for high bit-rate DWDM submarine systems
G.977 (2011-04) Characteristics of optically amplified optical fibre submarine cable systems
G.978 (2010-07) Characteristics of optical fibre submarine cables
and
Coding of voice and audio signals
G.711 (1988-11) Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies
G.722 (1988-11) 7 kHz audio-coding within 64 kbit/s
G.723.1 (2006-05) Dual rate speech coder for multimedia communications
transmitting at 5.3 and 6.3 kbit/s
G.726 (1990-12) 40, 32, 24, 16 kbit/s Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
(ADPCM)
G.727 (1990-12) 5-, 4-, 3- and 2-bit/sample embedded adaptive differential pulse
code modulation (ADPCM)
G.728 (1992-09) Coding of speech at 16 kbit/s using low-delay code excited linear
prediction
G.729 (2007-01) Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure algebraiccode-excited linear prediction (CS-ACELP)
[The G.7xx speech and audio codec Recommendations contain either a set of test
vectors or reference ANSI C source code that can be used to verify compliance with
the Recommendation. The reference C code for Recommendations G.711
(compliance is verified in accordance with G.712), G.726, G.727, G.722 and G.728
are in the ITU-T software tools library (G.191 Annex A) and those for G.729 and
G.723.1 are integral parts of those Recommendations.]
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and
Coding of moving video
H.264 (2010-03) Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services
[Conformance specification and C source code reference in H.264.1 and H.264.2.]
Protection against interference - resistibility
K.20 (2008-04) Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in a
telecommunications centre to overvoltages and overcurrents
K.21 (2008-04) Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in customer
premises to overvoltages and overcurrents
K.45 (2008-04) Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in the access
and trunk networks to overvoltages and overcurrents
Voice terminal characteristics
P.310 (2009-06) Transmission characteristics for narrow-band digital handset and
headset telephones
P.311 (2011-03) Transmission characteristics for wideband digital handset and
headset telephones
P.313 (2007-03) Transmission characteristics for cordless and mobile digital
terminals
and
Image compression – JPEG 2000
T.800 (2002-08) JPEG 2000 image coding system: Core coding system
T.802 (2002-08) Motion JPEG-2000
[T.803 defines the conformance testing of T.800 JPEG-2000 image coding. Recommendation T.802 (Motion
JPEG-200) includes test vectors.
The following T.Series Recommendations are concerned with conformance testing:
T.83 – Compliance testing of digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images;
T.834 – Conformance testing of JPEG XR still image compression; and
T.Supplement 1 – Conformance testing requirements for Recommendations in the T.170-series (multimedia
and hypermedia).]
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WTSA-2008 Resolution 76
“very few of the current ITU-T
Recommendations identify interoperability
or conformance testing requirements”
Why so few ITU-T Test Specs?
Convergence on IP technology has led to a situation in
which many standardisation organisations are
involved
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Example: Next Generation Networks &
the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
ITU-T NGN Architecture & Requirements
ETSI TISPAN NGN
Architecture & Requirements
3GPP
IMS
IMS
IETF SIP
Test specifications from other SDOs (1)
H.248 (Gateway Control Protocol)
[MSF has developed some H.248 interoperability
agreements]
H.262 (Generic coding of moving pictures and
associated audio information: Video)
[Conformance testing and software simulation are
available in ISO/IEC 13818-4:2004 and ISO/IEC TR
13818-5:2005, respectively.]
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Test specifications from other SDOs (2)
CableLabs
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J.83 Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution
J.112 Transmission systems for interactive cable television services
J.122 Second-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems
J.125 Link privacy for cable modem implementations
J.126 Embedded Cable Modem device specification
J.127 Transmission protocol for multimedia webcasting over TCP/IP networks
J.128 Set-top gateway specification for transmission systems for interactive cable television services
J.161 Audio and video codec requirements and usage for the provision of bidirectional audio services over cable television
networks using cable modems
J.162 Network call signalling protocol for the delivery of time-critical services over cable television networks using cable modems
J.163 Dynamic quality of service for the provision of real-time services over cable television networks using cable modems
J.164 Event message requirements for the support of real-time services over cable television networks using cable modems
J.166 IPCablecom Management Information Base (MIB) framework
J.167 Media terminal adapter (MTA) device provisioning requirements for the delivery of real-time services over cable television
networks using cable modems
J.170 IPCablecom security specification
J.171.0 IPCablecom trunking gateway control protocol (TGCP): Profiles overview
J.172 IPCablecom management event mechanism
J.179 IPCablecom support for multimedia
J.191 IP feature package to enhance cable modems
J.192 A residential gateway to support the delivery of cable data services
J.199 Battery backup for cable-based devices
J.202 Harmonization of procedural content formats for interactive TV applications
J.204 Metrics gathering specification
J.210 Downstream RF interface for cable modem termination systems
J.211 Timing interface for cable modem termination systems
J.212 Downstream external Physical layer interface for modular cable modem termination systems
J.215 Client digital program insertion API
Test specifications from other SDOs (3)
CableLabs (continued)
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J.222.1 Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Physical layer
specification
J.222.2 Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and Upper Layer
protocols
J.222.3 Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Security services
J.361 IPCablecom2 codec and media
J.365 IPCablecom2 application manager interface
J.366.0 IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Delta Recommendations overview
J.366.2 IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Session handling – IM call model – Stage 2 specification
J.366.3 IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Stage 2 specification
J.366.4 IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP) –
Stage 3 specification
J.366.7 IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Access security for IP-based services
J.366.8 IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Network domain security specification
J.366.9 IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Generic authentication architecture specification (3GPP TS 33.220)
J.368 IPCablecom2 quality of service specification
J.369 IPCablecom2 E-UE provisioning framework specification
J.370 IPCablecom2 embedded user equipment provisioning data model specification
J.602 Network service operator's requirements for real-time transmission of exLSDI signals under parallel processing functionality
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Test specifications from other SDOs (4)
Broadband Forum
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G.991.2 Single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line (SHDSL) transceivers
G.992.1 Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers
G.992.2 Splitterless asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers
G.992.3 Asymmetric digital subscriber line transceivers 2 (ADSL2)
G.992.5 Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers – Extended bandwidth
ADSL2 (ADSL2plus)
G.993.2 Very high speed digital subscriber line transceivers 2 (VDSL2)
G.994.1 Handshake procedures for digital subscriber line (DSL) transceivers
G.997.1 Physical layer management for digital subscriber line (DSL) transceivers
National Standardisation
Example
NICC (UK) Ethernet Active Line Access (ALA)
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Mandatory Conformity Assessment
Examples
USA
Canada
EU
USA
The FCC oversees the authorization of equipment using the radio
frequency spectrum in the USA [http://transition.fcc.gov/oet/ea/].
Such equipment may not be imported or marketed unless it meets
the technical standards specified by the FCC. Depending upon its
capabilities equipment may be subject to:
verification (in which manufacturers test the device),
declaration of conformity (which requires testing by an
accredited test laboratory) or
certification (which is issued by the FCC or a designated
Telecommunications Certification Body based on test results
submitted by the supplier).
FCC provides a database on equipment authorisations
[https://apps.fcc.gov/oetcf/eas/reports/GenericSearch.cfm]
17
Canada
The Certification and Engineering Bureau of Industry Canada
[http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/ceb-bhst.nsf/eng/Home] provides a
certification service for radio and terminal equipment in Canada.
The Industry Canada Certification and Engineering Bureau maintain
lists of terminal equipmenthttp://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cebbhst.nsf/eng/h_tt00050.html and radio equipment
http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/ceb-bhst.nsf/eng/h_tt00020.html that has
been certified for use in Canada.
European Union
The Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE)
Directive (1999/5/EC)
[http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/rtte/index_en.htm] defines a
harmonised regulatory framework for the approval of terminal
equipment in the European Union.
It is based on supplier declaration of conformity to basic
requirements intended to ensure that the equipment is safe to use
and does not cause interference with other equipment.
The Croatian Post and Electronic Communications Agency provides
a database of equipment approved in accordance with the EU
R&TTE directive [http://www.hakom.hr/default.aspx?id=561]
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Conclusions / Summary
Traditional telecommunications standardisation process
has been impacted by:
Liberalisation (introduction of competition)
Technological change (especially Internet)
But standardisation is still necessary at a regional or
national level to ensure:
Safety
No harm to network
Effective competition
or
If no international standard is available
Thank You!
keith.mainwaring@ukrainesystems.com
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