ITU Regional Standardization Forum for Africa and
SG5RG-ARF and SG5RG-AFR Meetings
Livingstone, Zambia 14-18 March 2016
Zambia’s ICT National
Standardisation Organisation
Izaiah Mulenga,
Standards Officer, ZABS, imulenga@zabs.org.zm
Presentation Outline
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Country Location and Statistics
Overview of ICT sector
Policy / Legal Environment
Standardization Strategy and Perspective
Legal Framework and other Issues
TC Performance
International Participation
Challenges
Future Outlook
Country Location
Strategic Country Location
.. At the Crossroads of two major regional markets
SADC
COMESA
COMESA –
400 m people,
GDP US$ 360 bn
SADC – 247 m people,
GDP US$ 431bn
Zambia
Country Statistics
• POPULATION = 15,545,778
• AREA = 75 million Hectare
• GDP = ZMW 117,743.1 Million (2013)
Overview of the ICT Sector
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GSM Coverage = 78% Geographical, 80% population
ICT Sector = Fully Liberalized in 2009
Sector Regulator = ZICTA, 2009
Licensing Regime= Unified, Technology neutral
PSTN Penetration = 0.75%
Mobile Subscription = 11,557,725 [SIM CARDS]
Internet Subscriptions = 38,316 (Fixed) 6,057,229
(Mobile)
Standardization Strategy
• Policy / Legal Environment
– The Standards Act of 1997
– ICT Policy of 2006
– ICT Act No. 15 of 2009
– National Quality Policy 2010
– ICT Standardization Policy of 2011 (By ZICTA)
Standardisation Perspective
New Business Models -->
Innovation
Manufacturers, Operators
Market Place
Consumer, Service providers
& Competition
Novel Ideas
VAS providers
Completed
Adopted
Standards
GSM/W-CDMA/
ITM2000
Established
Participation in
Standardisation bodies
Regulatory Regime
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Government Policy
Regional & International Agreements (SADC, WTO,
ITU,3GPP, 3GPP2)
Legal Framework ZABS
Ministry of Commerce Trade and Industry
Minister
Minister, on recommendation of
Bureau, may by statute:
- Publish any spec/code of practice and
declare it a compulsory standard
- Make & publish amendments or
repeal any such compulsory standard
- Declare a mark of conformity
Control and direction of Minister
Council appoints:
- Director of ZABS
- Deputy Director
- ZABS Staff
Standards Council
15 Members including
Chair and VC
(5 members) Nominated by Ministries
related to Industry, Finance, Planning,
Health, Local Gov’t
(8 members) Nominated by other
organizations
(2 members) Persons with standards
experience
Appointed by Minister
Zambia Bureau of
Standards (ZABS)
- Director (acts as CEO)
- Deputy Director
- Staff
Appointed by Standards Council
Other
Comm’s
Technical
Comm’s
Advisory
Comm’s
Source: National Standardization
Organization Audit Report and
Recommendations for Zambia by
Gary Fishman
Legal Framework - ZICTA
Minister, in consultation with
ZICTA and ZABS, may by statute:
- Prescribe equipment standards
(i.e., regulations), including
incorporation by reference
Ministry of Transport and Communication
Board appoints
Director-General of
ZICTA
Director General
appoints ZICTA Staff
(4 members) Ministries/agencies related to
ICT, home affairs; national security and
Justice.
Representative of Attorney General
Board of the Authority
11 Members including
Director-General
(5 members) Nominated by other
organizations
Board sets, terms &
conditions of D-G and
staff
(1 member) Person appointed by Minister
Members except DG Appointed by Minister
Zambia Information and
Communications
Technology Authority
(ZICTA)
- Director-General (is CEO
of ZICTA)
- Staff
Appointed by Board
Committees
Committees
Committees
Submissions from the public on
standards
- Regulate provision of ecommunication services and products
Take into account international
standards, including ITU
- Set standards for the sector
- Establish and publish technical
standards relating to all electronic
communications equipment to be used
in Zambia
Funds:
- Appropriated by Parliament
- Loans, grants, donations
Source: National Standardization
Organization Audit Report and
Recommendations for Zambia by
Gary Fishman
MoU – ZABS & ZICTA
CTI Ministry
MTC Ministry
Standards Council
Board of ZICTA
ZABS
ZICTA
- Sets standards for the sector
- Issues regulations for ecommunication services and
products
- Constitutes, in consultation
with ZABS, size, structure and
members of ISC
- Develop ToR of ISC
- Publish in Gazette any
spec/code of practice and
declare it a voluntary standard
MoU
ICT Standards
Steering
Committee (ISC)
13 members
Report on Gazetted standards
ready for enforcement
ISC Secretariat
(ZICTA/ZABS)
TC1
TC2
TC3
- Publish in Gazette any
proposed compulsory standard;
take comments and report to
Minister
Report on standards ready for Gazetting
- Set and drive the strategic agenda for ICT
standard development in Zambia
- Manage and coordinate TCs
- TCs develop ICT standards in conformity
with the ZABS Guidelines & ISO/IEC
Directives
- Review for approval standards from
TCs*, for Gazetting by ZABS
TC4
TC5
* Developed, Adopted or Adapted by TCs
Source: National Standardization Organization
Audit Report and Recommendations for Zambia
by Gary Fishman
TC Topics (2012-2014)
ICT Standardisation
Steering Committee
ISC Secretariat
(ZICTA/ZABS)
TC1 - ICT Safety
& Protection
TC2 Electromagnetic
Compatibility &
Immunity
TC3 - QoS &
Interconnection
TC4 - Terminal
& Human
Factors
TC5 - Cyber
security
Standardization Process
Via Secretariat
ISC receives
request from
stakeholders for a
standards project
ISC assigns the
standards project
to a TC
Technical research
Standards of other countries
TC
Standards of other standards
bodies, e.g., ITU
TC sub-group meetings to
discuss relevant material
and existing standards
TC develops or adopts or
adapts documents as a draft
standard, compatible with
national requirements and
laws
TC proposes
draft standard to
ISC
Public Comment Period
ISC votes on
approval of
standard
Other relevant material
TC Comment Resolution
Process
ISC requests
ZABS to Gazette
the standard
ZABS Gazettes the
standard and
declares it a
voluntary standard
Source: National Standardization Organization Audit Report and
Recommendations for Zambia by Gary Fishman
ISC informs ZICTA
standard has been
Gazetted
TC Performance
Standards analysis per TC :2012-2014
TC
Adopted Gazetted
Standards Standards
Standards inforce/Not
% not
inforce
adopted
gazetted
% Inforce
but not
adopted
TC1
12
9
6
2
25
25
TC2
16
16
14
6
0
30
TC3
54
54
5
0
0
0
TC4
79
72
59
65
9
52
TC5
14
10
10
0
29
0
TOTAL
175
161
94
73
8
44
Source: ZAMBIA ICT STANDARDISATION REVIEW 2011-2015 (ZICTA)
TC Performance
Chart Title
90
80
Adopted
70
60
Gazetted
50
40
Inforce
30
20
Not gazetted but
Inforce
10
0
TC1
TC2
TC3
TC4
TC5
Source: ZAMBIA ICT STANDARDISATION REVIEW 2011-2015 (ZICTA)
Distribution of
Adopted/Adapted/Developed Standards
Number of Standards adopted per SDO
No. of
Standards
69
39
ISO IEC/ IEC
23
13
ETSI
75
43
BS EN/EN
5
3
ZS
2
1
ICNIRP
1
1
TOTAL
175
100
SDO
ITU
%
BS EN/EN
3%
ZS
1%
ICNIRP
1%
ITU
39 %
ETSI
43 %
ISO
IEC/IEC
13 %
Standards Adopted per SDO
Source: ZAMBIA ICT STANDARDISATION REVIEW 2011-2015 (ZICTA)
Participation in ITU Meeting
• There is current no procedure for TC members
to participate in ITU meetings.
• However, ZICTA has in the past sponsored TC
members to ITU meetings held in Zambia
• Standardization is currently downstream (from
SDOs to National)
• ZICTA participate in ITU meetings and attend
Study Groups of interest
International Participation - ZICTA
• The key study groups that have since been identified as being
appropriate to the Zambian ICT environment include:
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ITU-T SG2: Operational Aspects
ITU-T SG3: Economic and policy issues
ITU-T SG5: Environment and Climate
ITU-T SG12: Performance, Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of
Experience (QoE)
ITU-T SG13: Future Networks Including cloud computing
ITU-T SG15: Transport, Access and Home
ITU-T SG16: Multimedia Services
ITU-T SG17: Security
ITU-T SG20: Internet of Things (IoT) and its Applications including Smart
Sustainable cities
International Participation - ZABS
• ICT – related TCs
– ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 38 - Cloud Computing and Distributed Platforms (O-Member )
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Other TCs
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ISO/TC 34 - Food products ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 34/SC 6 - Meat, poultry, fish, eggs and their products ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 34/SC 17 - Management systems for food safety ( P-Member )
ISO/TC 68 - Financial services ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 82 - Mining ( P-Member )
ISO/TC 82/SC 7 - Mine closure and reclamation management ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 86 - Refrigeration and air-conditioning ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 86/SC 6 - Testing and rating of air-conditioners and heat pumps ( OMember )
International Participation - ZABS
• Other TC cnt’
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ISO/TC 126 - Tobacco and tobacco products ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 147 - Water quality ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 174 - Jewellery ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 218 - Timber ( O-Member )
ISO/TC 224 - Service activities relating to drinking water supply systems and
wastewater systems - Quality criteria of the service and performance
indicators ( P-Member )
– ISO/TC 242 - Energy Management ( P-Member )
– ISO/PC 278 - Anti-bribery management systems ( P-Member )
• Policy Development Committees (PDC)
– ISO/COPOLCO - Committee on consumer policy ( O-Member )
– ISO/DEVCO - Committee on developing country matters ( O-Member )
Challenges
Human Resources
Infrastructure
• Standardisation know how
• Immediate, short and long term HR needs?
• Resources & Investment
• Technical Infrastructure (R & D)
• Inadequate internet connectivity
Awareness
Collaboration
• Information availability and access
• Rapid Technology and Changes
• Standards Maintenance & Management
• Local / National level [No Industry
Participation]
• Regional [SADC & COMESA]
• International [Participation in Intl orgs]
Budgetary Resource
Process of Adopting ITU
Recommendations
Future Outlook
ZICTA
Responsible Agency
NSO
Bureau
Arranged by ZICTA
National
Advisory
Committee
T-NAC
TC1
TC2
NSG1 for
SG5
NSG2 for
SG15/SG20
TC3
NSG3 for SG12
TC4
NSG4 for
SG2/SG15
TC5
NSG5 for
SG13/SG17
TC6
NSG6 for SG3
Conclusion
• More effort is required by Zambia and Africa in
standards development participation
– Skills Training
– Set up National Standards Organisations (NSOs)
– More participation at international level
• Standards should have relevant to local needs
• Sensitization required to encourage utilisation of
Standards to enhance competition.
• Regulatory Authorities to impose certain
standards such as those for Security