Low Carbon Telecommunication Solutions in China: Current Reductions and Future Potential
­ Abridged Version
Low Carbon Telecommunication Solutions in China: Current Reductions and Future Potential
Based on the case study of China Mobile which helped society to reduce more than 55 million tons of CO2 in 2009 with low carbon ICT services ­ Abridged Version
Authors1:
Prof. YANG Tianjian2 Dr. HU Yiwen3 ZHENG Ping4
Dennis Pamlin5
1. The authors would like to thank China Mobile for valuable contributions and inspiring collaboration.
2. Science and Service Research Institute ­ Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, supported by a team consisting of Wang Xuan, Liu Xi, Shi Hongxia and Wang Xi.
3. Science and Service Research Institute ­ Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
!"###$%&#'()*%+#,-./+0..#12340)5#667#'8/+(###
9"###:0+/%)#;..%4/(<05#';::#(+=#'>15#?@.<#'0+<-)A#7)%+</0).5#&/<8#B(C-(*C0#/+D-<#2)%EF#:-G(++0#H(8CE(+#(<#'%++04%)0I#H/0))0#J0C2%)K05#(<#LHI#'8)/.#H)/0.<#(<#LHI#H(-C#:8(*(M00#(<#LH5#N0+.#
######O(CE%=/+##(<#>)/4..%+I#>C0/+0#60/=E(+#(<#>)/4..%+I#O()4%#,-<<(GG%+/#(<#:-.<(/+(*/C/<A#P"QI#$%)0+G#L/C<A#(<#>OH;#(+=#O/R8(/C#'80.<0)#(<#,0)R0C0A"
Preface !"#$%&'()&*%#$%*"'%+)&,-.$%/&$*%$*0-1%)2%*"'%&),'%)3%45!%$'6*)&%#2%(&)7#-#28%,)+%69&:)2%$),0*#)2$%#2%5"#29;%
<)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $),0*#)2$% $06"% 9$% '=:))>$?% *','+)&>#28?% $@9&*% *&92$()&*% $),0*#)2$?% $@9&*% 6#*1% ,#8"*$?%
$@9&*%9((,#926'$?%$@9&*%")0$'$%9,&'9-1%"97'%#@()&*92*%&),'$%*)%(,91%#2%9%@)-'&2%,)+%69&:)2%$)6#'*1;%A$%
*"#$%&'()&*%-'@)2$*&9*'?%*"'%6)2*&#:0*#)2$%3&)@%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$'&7#6'$%(&)7#-'-%:1%*"'%5"#2'$'%*','=
6)@%$'6*)&%#$%9,&'9-1%$#82#/692*%92-%*"'%()*'2*#9,%*)%&'-06'%B%:#,,#)2%*)2$%)3%5C2%#2%9%3'+%-'69-'$%+#*"%
$@9&*%45!%$),0*#)2$%692%2)*%:'%#82)&'-;
<)+%69&:)2%45!%$'&7#6'$%"97'%$)%39&%2)*%:''2%9*%*"'%6'2*&'%)3%*"'%-#$60$$#)2$%+"'2%,)+%69&:)2%$),0=
*#)2$%9&'%-#$60$$'-;%!"#$%&'()&*%#$%(&))3%*"9*%*"#$%$")0,-%6"928'%92-%30*0&'%,)+%69&:)2%$*&9*'8#'$%$")0,-%
#26,0-'%*"'%*','6)@%$'6*)&%9$%92%#@()&*92*%$),0*#)2%(&)7#-'&;%D9$'-%)2%&'9,=,#3'%69$'$?%*"'%&'$0,*$%#2%*"#$%
&'()&*%692%#2$(#&'%96*#)2%92-%#26&'9$'%02-'&$*92-#28%)3%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$'&7#6'$%*"9*%692%-',#7'&%*"'%
2''-'-%*&92$3)&@9*#7'%6"928';%
4*% #$% *#@'% 3)&% 6)@(92#'$% +#*"% #@()&*92*% $),0*#)2$% *)% :'% 8#7'2% 9% @)&'% 6'2*&9,% &),'% +"'2% 9% ,)+% 69&:)2%
'6)2)@1%#$%-#$60$$'-;%5)@(92#'$%,#>'%5"#29%E):#,'%+#,,%6)2*#20'%*)%+)&>%*)%&'-06'%*"'#&%)+2%'@#$=
$#)2$?%:0*%*"'%6)2*&#:0*#)2$%*"&)08"%*"'%$'&7#6'$%*"'1%(&)7#-'%9&'%'7'2%@)&'%#@()&*92*;%
!"'%&'()&*%"9$%9%20@:'&%)3%$('6#/6%$088'$*#)2$?%3&)@%*9&8'*$%3)&%45!%$),0*#)2$%*)%@'*")-),)8#'$%*)%69,=
60,9*'%*"'%$97#28$?%*"9*%+'%")('%692%80#-'%92-%#2$(#&'%30*0&'%+)&>%#2%*"#$%#@()&*92*%/',-;%
F'%:',#'7'%*"9*%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$'&7#6'$%692%(&)7#-'%#22)79*#)2$%#2%69&:)2%&'-06*#)2%*)%"',(%:0#,-%9%"9&=
@)2#)0$%92-%$0$*9#29:,'%-'7',)(@'2*%$)6#'*1%#2%5"#29?%9$%+',,%9$%(&)7#-#28%(&)/*$%*)%6)@(92#'$%92-%
6&'9*#28%@)&'%G):$;
F928%H#92I")0
K'&@)*%C.L)&@92
J&'$#-'2*?%
5)02*&1%M'(&'$'2*9*#7'?%
5"#29%E):#,'%5)@@02#69*#)2$%5)&()&9*#)2
F)&,-%F#-'%N02-%3)&%O9*0&'%D'#G#28%C3/6'
Contents
P01
Introduction
P03
Approach to estimation of CO2
reductions from low carbon ICT services
P04
!"#$%&'(&)*$
P08
Recommendations
P10
+",-.'./.)#
Introduction
% !"#$% #$% *"'% 3#&$*% &'()&*% +#*"% 69,60,9*#)2$%
% %!"'% 45!% $),0*#)2$% (&)7#-'-% :1% *','6)@%
: 9 $ ' - % ) 2 % ' @ ( # & # 6 9 , % 6 9 $ ' $ % 3 ) & % 6 9 & : ) 2%
)('&9*)&$% 9&'% -#7#-'-% #2*)% 3)0&% 9&'9$P% $@9&*%
'@#$$#)2% &'-06*#)2$% -',#7'&'-% :1% #23)&@9*#)2%
,)8#$*#6$?% -'@9*'&#9,#I9*#)2?% $@9&*% +)&>% 92-%
92-% 6)@@02#69*#)2% *'6"2),)8#'$% S45!% )&%
$@9&*% 9((,#926'$;% !"'% &'-06*#)2% ()*'2*#9,% :1%
4!T% $'&7#6'$% #2% 5"#29;% !"'% &'()&*% #26,0-'$%
45!% $'&7#6'% $),0*#)2$% #2% *"'$'% 3)0&% 9&'29$% 9&'%
9$$'$$@'2*% )3% *"'% 60&&'2*% &'-06*#)2$% 9$% +',,%
929,1I'-% &'$('6*#7',1?% 6)@:#2#28% Q092*#*9*#7'%
9$% *"'% 30*0&'% ()*'2*#9,;%!"#$% U28,#$"% 7'&$#)2% #$%
9 2 9 , 1 $ # $ % + # * " % Q 0 9 , # * 9 * # 7 ' % 9 2 9 , 1 $ # $ ; % ! " '%
92%9:&#-8'-%7'&$#)2%)3%*"'%30,,%5"#2'$'%7'&$#)2%
Q092*#3#69*#)2% )3% *"'% 5C 2 % &'-06*#)2% )3% 45!%
*"9*%"9$%-'*9#,'-%69,60,9*#)2$%92-%@'*")-),)81%
$'&7#6'% $),0*#)2$?% (&)7#-'-% :1% 5"#29% E):#,'?%
6
-#$60$$#)2$ %;%
+9$% -)2'% 0$#28% 9% +',,% '$*9:,#$"'-% <5A%
@'*")-),)81;
% % % % !"'% &'()&*% #$% 9% &'$0,*% )3% 9% G)#2*% (&)G'6*%
:'*+''2% 5"#29% E):#,'7% % 92-% FFN8 with the % % % % % % D1% #-'2*#31#28% *"'% 60&&'2*% &'-06*#)2$% 92-%
):G'6*#7'% *)% (&)@)*'% #26&'9$'-% 02-'&$*92-#28%
30*0&'% ()*'2*#9,% 3&)@% 45!% $'&7#6'% $),0*#)2$% *"'%
)3% *"'% ()*'2*#9,% 3)&% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $'&7#6'$% #2%
&'()&*% -'@)2$*&9*'$% *"9*% *"'% @)$*% #@()&*92*%
5"#29%92-%*"&)08")0*%*"'%+)&,-;%!"'%&'$'9&6"%
6)2*&#:0*#)2%*)%5C2%&'-06*#)2$%3&)@%*"'%*','6)@%
+9$% 69&&#'-% )0*% :1% V'&7#6'% E9298'@'2*%
$'6*)&% #$% *")08"% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $'&7#6'$?% 2)*%
V6#'26'%M'$'9&6"%42$*#*0*'%=%D'#G#28%W2#7'&$#*1%
*"&)08"% &'-06*#)2% )3% 45!.$% )+2% '@#$$#)2$;%
9
)3%J)$*$%92-%!','6)@@02#69*#)2$ ;%%
!"'% 3)0&% 9&'29$% (&'$'2*'-% #2% *"'% &'()&*% 6)0,-%
:'% 0$'-% *)% 80#-'% #26'2*#7'$% *"9*% +#,,% 933'6*%
% % % % % % !"'% 3)60$% )3% *"#$% $*0-1% #$% *"'% &'-06*#)2%
*"'% -'7',)(@'2*% )3% *"'% *','6)@% #2-0$*&1% #2%
()*'2*#9,% 3&)@% 60&&'2*% 92-% 30*0&'% $),0*#)2$%
)&-'&% *)% '2$0&'% *"9*% ,)+% 69&:)2% $),0*#)2$% 9&'%
-',#7'&'-% :1% *"'% *','6)@% #2-0$*&1% #2% 5"#29%
$0(()&*'-;
S8&''2#28% +#*"% 4!T;% !"'% '@#$$#)2$% 3&)@% *"'%
*','6)@% #2-0$*&1% #*$',3% 9&'% 9,$)% -#$60$$'-%
% % % % % %A$% *"'% '@(#&#69,% @9*'&#9,% BR% ,)+% 69&:)2%
S8&''2#28%)3%4!T?%:0*%*"'1%9&'%2)*%*"'%3)60$;%
45!% $'&7#6'$% 3&)@% 5")28Q#28% E):#,'?% 9%
5"#29% E):#,'% #$% 92% #@()&*92*% 6)@(921% 9$%
$0:$#-#9&1% 6)@(921% *)% 5"#29% E):#,'?% +"'&'%
#*% #$% *"'% ,'9-#28% @):#,'% $'&7#6'$% (&)7#-'&% #2%
$','6*'-% 3&)@% *"'% 3)0&% 9&'9$% S$@9&*% ,)8#$*#6$?%
5"#29X% *"'% L&)0(% 6)2*&),$% *"'% +)&,-.$% ,9&8'$*%
-'@9*'&#9,#I9*#)2?% $@9&*% +)&>% 92-% $@9&*%
@):#,'% 2'*+)&>% 92-% *"'% +)&,-.$% ,9&8'$*% @):#,'%
9((,#926'$T;%!"'% &'-06*#)2% 3&)@% '96"% $'&7#6'%
$0:$6&#:'&% :9$'?% +#*"% @)&'% *"92% "9,3% 9% :#,,#)2%
+9$% Q092*#3#'-% )2% 92% 92209,% :9$#$;% D9$'-% )2%
BY
$0:$6&#:'&$ ;%
*"'% 7'&#3#'-% &'-06*#)2$% )3% *"'$'% BR% $'&7#6'$% #2%
#S"#T80#2-CC#'8/+0.0#B0)./%+#/.#(B(/C(*C0#(<#8<<DFUU&&&"&&248/+("%)KU(*%-<&&2U&8(<&0=%U4C/E(<0UD-*C/4(</%+".8<E#%)#8<<DFUU&&&"C%&4()*%+*/G"%)K#
#V###8<<DFUU&&&"48/+(E%*/C0C<="4%EU
#W###8<<DFUU&&&"&&248/+("%)KU0+KC/.8U
#X"##8<<DFUU&&&"*-D<"0=-"4+U0+B0)U
@Q"#;.#%2#PQ#Y%B0E*0)#?QQX#<80#+-E*0)#%2#.-*.4)/*0).#&0)0#9@W#E/CC/%+5#8<<DFUU&&&"48/+(E%*/C0C<="4%EU
Introduction
1
5")28Q#28?% *"'% *)*9,% &'-06*#)2% 3&)@% $06"%
!"'% *"#&-% (9&*% -'$6&#:'$% *"'% @'*")-),)81%
$'&7#6'$% +9$% 69,60,9*'-% 3)&% 5"#29% E):#,'% 92-%
)3% '@#$$#)2% &'-06*#)2;% N)&% 'Z9@(,'?% @'*")-$%
*"'%*','6)@%$'6*)&$%9$%9%+"),'%#2%5"#29;%
#2*&)-06'-% #2% *"'% L[L% J&)*)6),% 9&'% 9-)(*'-%
9((&)(&#9*',1% #2% *"#$% $*0-1% 966)&-#28% *)% *"'%
%!"'% 3#&$*% (9&*% )3% *"'% &'()&*% -'$6&#:'$% *"'%
979#,9:#,#*1%)3%-9*9;
&',9*#)2% :'*+''2% *"'% -#33'&'2*% $*9>'"),-'&$%
*"9*% 9&'% &','792*% 3)&% *"'% -'7',)(@'2*?% $0(()&*%
!"'% 3)&*"% (9&*% #$% *"'% Q092*#*9*#7'% 929,1$#$%
92-% 0$'% )3% 45!% $'&7#6'% $),0*#)2$% #2% )&-'&% *)%
)3% *"'% 9@)02*% )3% 8&''2")0$'% 89$% &'-06*#)2%
02-'&$*92-% *"'% )(()&*02#*1% 3)&% ,)+% 69&:)2%
690$'-%:1%5"#29%E):#,';%D1%69,60,9*#28%*"'%&'=
$),0*#)2$%#2%*"'%30*0&';%!"'%$*9>'"),-'&$%#26,0-'%
-06*#)2$%3&)@%*"'%0$'%)3%BR%45!%$),0*#)2$%3&)@%
*"'%(&)7#-'&%92-%)('&9*)&%)3%45!%(&)-06*$?%*"'%
5")28Q#28%E):#,'%92%'$*#@9*'%)3%'@#$$#)2%&'=
0$'&%)3%*"'%$),0*#)2$%92-%*"'%(),#61%@9>'&;%!"'%
-06*#)2%:&)08"*%:1%5"#29%E):#,'%92-%*"'%+"),'%
6")#6'$%)3%*"'%*"&''%$*9>'"),-'&$%+#,,%-'*'&@#2'%
5"#2'$'%*','6)@%#2-0$*&1%#$%@9-';
*"'%30*0&'%)3%,)+=69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$;%
%%%%%%!"'%/3*"%(9&*%3)60$'$%)2%*"'%30*0&'%()*'2=
!"'% $'6)2-% (9&*% (&)7#-'$% 92-% )7'&7#'+%
*#9,$% 3)&% 45!% $),0*#)2$% #2% *"'% 3)0&% >'1% 9&'9$%
)3% *"'% #@(96*% *"9*% 45!% $),0*#)2$% "97'% 92-% 692%
S$@9&*% ,)8#$*#6$?% -'@9*'&#9,#I9*#)2?% $@9&*% +)&>%
"97'% )2% *"'% '27#&)2@'2*?% 92-% 929,1I'$% *"'%
92-%$@9&*%9((,#926'$T;
&',9*#)2$"#(%:'*+''2%45!%%$),0*#)2$%92-%69&:)2%
'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2;
2 Introduction
Approach to estimation of CO 2 reductions from low carbon ICT services
42%)&-'&%*)%'$*#@9*'%*"'%5C2%&'-06*#)2$%#2%
!"#$% 9,,)+'-% 3)&% 92% 02-'&$*92-#28% )3% *"'% *)*9,%
5"#29%3&)@%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$'&7#6'$%9%3)0&=$*'(%
&'-06*#)2$% 3&)@% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $),0*#)2$% :1%
9((&)96"% +9$% 0$'-% S$''% #,,0$*&9*#)2% :',)+T;%
5"#29% E):#,'% #2% 5")28Q#28;% 42% *"'% *"#&-% $*'(%
42% *"'% 3#&$*% $*'(?% -'*9#,'-% 5C2% $97#28$% 3&)@% BR%
*"'% $97#28$% 3&)@% 5"#29% E):#,'% #2% 5")28Q#28%
$*&9*'8#6%,)+%69&:)2%$),0*#)2$%+'&'%69,60,9*'-;%
+9$% $69,'-% 0(% :9$'-% )2% @96&)'6)2)@#6% -9*9%
!"#$% $*'(% (&)7#-'-% 92% 02-'&$*92-#28% )3% *"'%
*)% (&)7#-'% 92% 9$$'$$@'2*% )3% *"'% *)*9,% $97#28$%
$#*09*#)2% 3)&% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $'&7#6'$% #2% &'9,#*1%
#2%5"#29%:1%5"#29%E):#,';%42%*"'%3)0&*"%92-%,9$*%
92-% (&)7#-'-% $('6#3#6% -9*9% &','792*% 3)&% 5"#29%
$*'(?% *"'% $97#28$% 3&)@% 5"#29.$% *','6)@% $'6*)&%
E):#,'% #2% 5")28Q#28;% 42% *"'% $'6)2-% $*'(?%
9$%9%+"),'%+9$%69,60,9*'-%:9$'-%)2%*"'%@9&>'*%
,'$$% -'*9#,'-% 5C2% $97#28$% 3&)@% 9% ,9&8'&% 8&)0(%
$"9&'%)3%5"#29%E):#,'; )3% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $'&7#6'$% +9$% 69,60,9*'-;%
Approach to estimation of CO2 reductions
from low carbon ICT services
3
"#$%&'()'*+ ! 42% ^YY_?% 5"#29% E):#,'% "',('-% *)% &'-06'%
)+2%'@#$$#)2$%+#*"%B%@#,,#)2%*)2%92-%#26&'9$'-%*"'%
@)&'% *"92% R_;`% @#,,#)2% *)2$% )3% 5C2% '@#$$#)2$%
&'-06*#)2$%+#*"%\;]%@#,,#)2%*)2$%3&)@%^YY_%*)%^YY\;
#2% 5"#29% +#*"% *"'% "',(% )3% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!%
$'&7#6'$BB;%%!"#$%-'@)2$*&9*'$%*"9*%45!%$'&7#6'%
$),0*#)2$% 9,&'9-1% *)-91% -',#7'&% $#82#3#692*%
'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2$%#2%5"#29;%
! D9$'-% )2% *"'% &'$0,*% 3)&% 5"#29% E):#,'?% 92-%
+#*"%6)2$'&79*#7'%'$*#@9*'$?%#*%#$%&'9$)29:,'%*)%
9$$0@'%*"9*%5"#29.$%*','6)@%#2-0$*&1%9$%9%+"),'%
6)2*&#:0*'-%*)%9*%,'9$*%]Y%@#,,#)2%*)2$%)3%69&:)2%
! 42% ^YY_% *"'% 5C 2 % &'-06*#)2$% 3&)@% *"'%
'@#$$#)2% &'-06*#)2$% #2% ^YY_BR% ?% +#*")0*% &'89&-%
$'&7#6'$% 5"#29% E):#,'% -',#7'&'-% SR_;`% @#,,#)2%
*)% 3#Z'-=,#2'% *','6)@% 69&&#'&$ B`% ;%!"#$% 9@)02*%
*)2$T% +9$% @)&'% *"92% $#Z% SbT% *#@'$% :#88'&% *"92%
#$% 'Q0#79,'2*% *)% *"'% *)*9,% 5C2% '@#$$#)2$% 3&)@%
*"'%69&:)2%'@#$$#)2$%3&)@%5"#29%E):#,'.$%)+2%
6)02*&#'$%,#>'%V+'-'2?%N#2,92-%92-%O)&+91;%
'@#$$#)2$%S];\R%@#,,#)2%*)2$B^%T;%
0',8+/-(9*:1"*)+;-(9)*./',*01-(+<)*
:"4"%',*)"%:'/*=-:1*:1/""*>'/#-%*%'$(:/-")
!"#$%&'()*+(#*",-))-'()*./',*
01-(+*2'3-4"*5667
! !"'%0$'%)3%,)+%69&:)2%$'&7#6'$%3&)@%5"#29%
!
E):#,'% $*0-#'-% #2% *"#$% &'()&*% #26&'9$'-% +#*"%
^YY_%*)%^YY\%*"'%5C2 &'-06*#)2$%3&)@%,)+%69&:)2%
9((&)Z#@9*',1%^Ya%:'*+''2%^YY_%92-%^YY\;%4*%#$%
45!%$),0*#)2$%3&)@%*"'%5"#29.$%*','6)@%#2-0$*&1?%
*"'&'3)&'%&'9$)29:,'%*)%9$$0@'%*"9*%*"'%$97#28$%
+#*")0*%&'89&-%*)%/Z'-=,#2'%*','6)@%69&&#'&$?%9&'%
3&)@%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$%(&)7#-'-%:1%5"#29%
'$*#@9*'-%*)%:'%9*%,'9$*%_R%@#,,#)2%*)2$%#2%^YY\;%
D9$'-%)2%*"'%9((&)Z#@9*'%^Ya%8&)+*"%3&)@%
E):#,'%#2%^YY\%+9$%`_;^%@#,,#)2%*)2$;%%!"'%$97#28$%
3&)@%5"#29%E):#,'%#2%^YY\%+9$%9,@)$*%$#Z%92-%9%
!
"9,3%Sb;R`T%*#@'$%:#88'&%*"92%*"'%69&:)2%'@#$$#)2$%
69&:)2% 45!% $'&7#6'$% )3% 5")28Q#28% E):#,'?% 9%
3&)@%5"#29%E):#,'.$%)+2%'@#$$#)2$%#2%^YY\%S\;Y^%
$0:$#-#9&1%6)@(921%*)%5"#29%E):#,'?%+'&'%Y;BY\%
Bc
@#,,#)2%*)2$ T;%%V)%5"#29%E):#,'%%#26&'9$'-%%*"'#&%
!"'% &'-06*#)2$% 3&)@% *"'% $','6*'-% BR% ,)+%
@#,,#)2%*)2$%#2%^YY_;%
@@##7%)#D)(4</4(C#)0(.%+.#<80#)0D%)<#-.0=#E0<)/4#<%+.5#*-<#4(CC0=#<80E#Z<%+.[#/+.<0(=#%2#ZE0<)/4#<%+.[#%)#Z<%++0.[#<8(<#/.#<80#4%))04<#&(A"
@?##H(K0#PV5#'%)D%)(<0#.%4/(C#)0.D%+./*/C/<A#\0D%)<#?QQX5#'8/+(#O%*/C0#$/E/<0=5#8<<DFUU&&&"48/+(E%*/C0C<="4%EU/E(K0.UD=2U?Q@QU4.)U?Q@Q]4.)]0"D=2
@P"#H(K0#PV5#'%)D%)(<0#.%4/(C#)0.D%+./*/C/<A#\0D%)<#?QQX5#'8/+(#O%*/C0#$/E/<0=5#8<<DFUU&&&"48/+(E%*/C0C<="4%EU/E(K0.UD=2U?Q@QU4.)U?Q@Q]4.)]0"D=2
@!"#'8/+(#O%*/C0^.#.-*.4)/*0)#*(.0#)0D)0.0+<0=#(DD)%_/E(<0CA#VQ#D0)40+<#%2#<80#<%<(C#E()R0<#2%)#'8/+(^.#E%*/C0#<0C04%E#.04<%)#(.#%2#?QQW#(+=#?QQX""
@9"#`+#<8/.#)0.0()48#3_0=#+0<&%)R#%D0)(<%).#()0#+%<#/+4C-=0="#T80)02%)05#<80#(4<-(C#(E%-+<#%2#'12 emission reductions made by China’s telecom
#/+=-.<)A#/+4C-=/+K#3_0=#(+=#E%*/C0#+0<&%)R#%D0)(<%).#(.#(#&8%C0#/.#E-48#E%)0#<8(+#VQ#E/CC/%+#<%+.#/+#?QQW"
4 Key findings
?1"*/"#$%&'(*./',*:1"*@A*4'=*%+/3'(*B0?*)"/;-%")*'.*01'(9C-(9*2'3-4"
ICT solutions
Reduction in2008(ton)
Assumption of calculation (for the year 2008)
1
Mobile Newspaper
(individual subscriber)
457
The number of customers were 0.9 million;
The replacement of mobile newspaper to traditional newspaper was 4.3%.
2
Mobile Newspaper
(internal journal)
22
The number of customers were 20 thousand; The replacement of the traditional internal newspaper by m­paper was 100%, i.e. the paper journals was totally replaced by mobile ones. 3
DM Promotion
Pamphlet
109
Chongqing Mobile sent 12 million e­pamphlet; The replacement of the traditional pamphlet by a e­promotional pamphlet was 100%. 4
Subscriber Self
Service
3322
Energy reduction of an online business hall was equals to that consumed by 287 physical halls, assuming that a concrete hall has 5 customer service seats 5
Electronic Invoice
327
6
Mobile Music
Download
26
The number of download in Chongqing Mobile were 0.8 !"##"$%&'()"*)'+,-.#/'0$'1222'34/'$5'0)+'/.!+'67$80'7+9+%-+:'
7
MMS Card
22
The number of MMS cards sent by Chongqing Mobile was 4.8 million, which equals 1 million paper cards. 101804
The number of registered vehicles were 30 thousand;
Empty load decreased by 10% after applying this service.
44
Chongqing Mobile applied this service to 500 grids.
34
This service was used in two administrative districts in Chongqing.This includes remote sensors that reduce transport needs, saving materials and fuel. (remote control system for streetlamps is not included in this service)
This service was used in 262 towns. This includes video conferencing systems and transmission of documents, storage of data, supplying service in the electronic form, reducing paper needs, transport needs etc. The number of controlled streetlamps was 2000;
The smart lamps helped to achieve centralized management and remote control of streetlamps, cutting down the consumption of electricity. 8
9
10
Logistic Information
Network
Grid Metering
System
Downtown
E­government
11
Rural E­government
1941
12
Remote Control
System
for Street Lamps
1016
13
Card Integration
0.2
14
Mobile E­payment
0.08
Total
The number of electronic invoices in Chongqing Mobile were 60 million, one electronic invoice equals to one paper invoice. An integration of multi cards into a small SIM card, reduced the number of cards.In the year 2008, Chongqing Mobile used 10000 SIM cards in a trial.
By the end of 2008, Chongqing Mobile had cooperation with more than 2400 stores.Subscribers use this service can pay their bills via mobile. 109 000
! !"'% $','6*'-% BR% 45!% $),0*#)2$% 966)02*% 3)&%
*)% (&)-06'% Y;YB`% @#,,#)2% *)2$% )3% 5C 2 ;% !"#$%
\;Ra% )3% 5")28Q#28% E):#,'.$% *)*9,% :0$#2'$$?%
@'92$?% 3)&% *"'% $','6*'-% BR% 45!% $),0*#)2$?%
92-% (&)7#-#28% *"'$'% $),0*#)2$% 0$'$% \;Ra% )3%
'@#**#28% Y;YB`% @#,,#)2% *)2$% #*$',3% +#,,% "',(% *"'%
*"'% ','6*&#6#*1% 6)2$0@'-% :1% 5")28Q#28% E):#,'%
$)6#'*1%&'-06'%Y;BY\%@#,,#)2%*)2$%S@)&'%*"92%]%
S*)*9,,1%B_`%@#,,#)2%d+"%#2%^YY_T?%+"#6"%#$%'Q09,%
*#@'$T;
Key findings
5
!
D'$#-'$% *"'% Y;BY\% @#,,#)2% *)2$% *"9*% +9$%
!
!"'%()*'2*#9,%$97#28$%3&)@%$@9&*%,)8#$*#6$?%
69,60,9*'-% #2% -'*9#,% 3&)@% BR% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!%
-'@9*'&#9,#I9*#)2?% $@9&*% +)&>% S#26,0-#28% $@9&*%
$),0*#)2$% )3% 5")28Q#28% E):#,'?% 9% &928'% )3%
@''*#28% 92-% $@9&*% 6)@@0*#28T% 9$% 9% +"),'% #2%
9--#*#)29,% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $'&7#6'$% +9$% 9,$)%
^YBY% #$% c\\% @#,,#)2% *)2$?% bB`% @#,,#)2% *)2$% #2%
'$*#@9*'-P% 42*',,#8'2*% 6)2*&),% )3% 5'2*&9,%A#&=
^Y^Y% 92-% B^\_% *)2$% #2% ^YcY;% !"#$% +)0,-% :'%
6)2-#*#)2#28% $1$*'@?% 42*',,#8'2*% 6)2*&),% )3%
9% $#82#3#692*% 6)2*&#:0*#)2% *)% *"'% 8,):9,% L[L%
','79*)&% *"9*% &'-06'% 022'6'$$9&1% ()+'&%
&'-06*#)2$% 92-% 92% #@()&*92*% 6)2*&#:0*#)2% *)%
6)2$0@(*#)2?% #23)&@9*#)2% $'&7#6'% )3% *&933#6%
5"#29.$%*9&8'*%*)%&'-06'%*"'%69&:)2%#2*'2$#*1%:1%
#2Q0#&1?%*9Z#%-#$(9*6"%$'&7#6'?%@):#,'%297#89*#)2%
RY=R`a%:1%*"'%1'9&%^Y^Y;
*"9*% &'-06'% 022'6'$$9&1% 30',% 6)2$0@(*#)2?%
@):#,'% (91@'2*?% EEV% 69&-?% VEV% :#,,?% '=:))>?%
% % % % % % !"'% 3)0&% 9&'9$% +"'&'% 30*0&'% $97#28$%
!
-#8#*9,%+9,,'*%*"9*%$97'%*"'%6)2$0@(*#)2%)3%(9('&%
"97'% :''2% 9$$'$$'-% 9&'% $@9&*% ,)8#$*#6$?%
92-%*&92$()&*9*#)2?%'*6;%
-'@9*'&#9,#I9*#)2?% $@9&*% +)&>% 92-% $@9&*%
9((,#926'$;% L'2'&9,,1% $('9>#28?% *"'% '@#$$#)2%
!
D9$'-%)2%@'9$0&'$%)3%$','6*'-%$),0*#)2$?%
&'-06*#)2$% :1% $@9&*% ,)8#$*#6$?% $@9&*% +)&>% 92-%
92-% :9$'-% )2% 'Z#$*#28% >2)+,'-8'?% *"'% 69&:)2%
$@9&*% 9((,#926'$% 9&'% ,9&8'&% *"92% *"9*% :&)08"*%
&'-06*#)2% )3% *"'% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $),0*#)2$% *"9*%
:1%*"'%9&'9$%)3%-'@9*'&#9,#I9*#)2%$*0-#'-%#2%*"#$%
+9$%2)*%#26,0-'-%#2%*"'%-'*9#,'-%69,60,9*#)2$%9&'%
&'()&*;
Bb
)2%97'&98'%)3%`%*#@'$ %%)3%*"'#&%)+2%'@#$$#)2$%
9--#28%0(%*)%Y;]^b%@#,,#)2%*)2$;%!"'%&'$0,*%#$%*"9*%
! .%V@9&*%,)8#$*#6$%-',#7'&'-%:1%*"'%5"#2'$'%
*"'%*)*9,%$97#28$%3&)@%*"'%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$%
* ' , ' 6 ) @ % # 2 - 0 $ * & 1 % 6 ) 0 , - % & ' - 0 6 ' % 5 C 2 3&)@% 5")28Q#28% E):#,'% 9&'% Y;BY\% @#,,#)2% 3&)@%
'@#$$#)2$% :1% ]_% @#,,#)2% *)2$% #2% ^YBY?% B^_%
*"'%BR%$),0*#)2$%(,0$%Y;]^b%@#,,#)2%3&)@%*"'%)*"'&%
@#,,#)2%*)2$%#2%^Y^Y%92-%^Y]%@#,,#)2%*)2$%#2%
,)+%69&:)2%$),0*#)2$%9--#28%0(%*)%9%*)*9,%)3%Y;_c`%
^YcY;%!"'$'% $97#28$% 9$$0@'% *"9*% 60&&'2*%
@#,,#)2%*)2$;%
97'&98'% 2)=,)9-% &9*#)% )3% *&06>$% #2% 5"#29%
+)0,-%-&)(%3&)@%cYa%*)%B`a%#2%^YBY?%^Y^Y%
! !"'%:0$#2'$$%)3%5")28Q#28%E):#,'%966)02*$%
92-% ^YcY% )2% 966)02*% )3% *"'% 8&'9*% '33)&*% )3%
3)&%B;]^a%)3%5"#29%E):#,'.$%*)*9,%:0$#2'$$%$69,';%
(),#61% @9>'&$?% 45!% (&)7#-'&$% 92-% 0$'&$;%
D9$'-% )2% *"'% 7'&#3#'-% &'-06*#)2$% )3% $),0*#)2$%
A--#*#)29,%$97#28$%-0'%*)%$")&*'&%*&92$()&*%
92-% $'&7#6'$% #2% 5")28Q#28% *"'% *)*9,% &'-06*#)2%
&)0*'$?% ,'$$% (&)-06*#)2% )3% *&06>$?% $@9,,'&%
3&)@%*"'$'%$'&7#6'$%-',#7'&'-%:1%5"#29%E):#,'%#$%
89&98'$%9&'%2)*%#26,0-'-%#2%*"'%$97#28$;
'$*#@9*'-%*)%R_;`%@#,,#)2%*)2$%#2%^YY_;
% % % % %A66','&9*#28% *"'% 0(*9>'% )3% ,)+% 69&:)2%
!
45!% $'&7#6'% $),0*#)2$% #2% 5"#29% 6)0,-% &'$0,*% #2%
$#82#3#692*% 6)$*% &'-06*#)2$% 92-% #26&'9$'% *"'%
0(*9>'% )3% $06"% $),0*#)2$% 2)*% G0$*% #2% 5"#29?% :0*%
9,$)% 8,):9,,1% 9$% #*% +)0,-% '2$0&'% '6)2)@1% )3%
$69,'% 92-% #26&'9$'-% #22)79*#)2% #2% *"'% 3#',-% )3%
,)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$;%
" . K'@9*'&#9,#I9*)2?% +"#6"% "'&'% )2,1%
&'3'&$%*)%)2,#2'%@'-#9%92-%*"'%&'(,96'@'2*%
)3% (9('&% :1% '=(9('&?% -',#7'&'-% :1% *"'%
5"#2'$'% *','6)@% #2-0$*&1% 6)0,-% &'-06'%
5C2% '@#$$#)2$% :1% BB% @#,,#)2% *)2$% #2% ^YBY?%
^R%@#,,#)2%*)2$%#2%^Y^Y%92-%]c%@#,,#)2%*)2$%
#2% ^YcY;%!"'$'% $97#28$% 9$$0@'% *"9*% ^`a%
)3% (9('&% 92-% 9,,% *"'% 5K$ef5K$eKfK$%
16. We have used a conservative estimate and assumed 5 times savings on average compared to the own emissions from the low carbon solutions.
#######T80#(4<-(C#.(B/+K.#)(+K0#*0<&00+#?#<%#E%)0#<8(+#@QQ#</E0.#4%ED()0=#&/<8#<80#%&+#0E/../%+.#2)%E#<80#`'T#.%C-</%+."#
6
Key findings
D':"(&+4*0E5*)+;-(9)*./',*4'=*%+/3'(*B0?*)"/;-%")*-(*01-(+
6)@(9&'-%+#*"%9%:0$#2'$$%9$%0$09,%$6'29&#)?%
^YBY?% ^Y^Y% 92-% ^YcY;% %A--#*#)29,% $97#28$%
+)0,-%:'%&'(,96'-%:1%'=(9('&%)&%)2,#2'%@'-#9%
-0'% *)% &'-06'-% 2''-% 3)&% 02-'&,1#28% "#8"=
#2%^YBY?%^Y^Y%92-%^YcY;%A--#*#)29,%$97#28$%
69&:)2%#23&9$*&06*0&'%$06"%9$%&)9-$?%(9&>#28%
-0'%*)%&'-06'-%)&%',#@#29*'-%2''-%3)&%*&92$()&*%
$(96'$?%30',,#28%$*9*#)2$?%'Z(,)&9*#)2%)3%)#,?%
)3%(9('&?%$*)&98'%)3%(9('&?%,92-=0$'%6"928'?%
@920396*0&#28%)3%69&$%92-%$(9&'%(9&*$%9&'%2)*%
@9#2*'2926'%)3%02-'&,1#28%#23&9$*&06*0&'%92-%
#26,0-'-;%!"'$'%9--#*#)29,%$97#28$%9&'%)3*'2%
(&)-06*#)2%)3%@96"#2'$%9&'%2)*%#26,0-'-;
:'*+''2%cY=BYYa%)3%*"'%-#&'6*%$97#28$;%%B_ # . V@9&*%+)&>?%+"#6"%"'&'%&'3'&$%*)%$@9&*%
$ . % V@9&*% 9((,#926'$?% "'&'% &'3'&% )2,1%
6)@@0*#28%S!','+)&>#28T%92-%$@9&*%@''*#28%
*)% *"&''% $('6#9,% $'&7#6'$% S&'@)*'% 6)2*&),%
S!','6)23'&'26'T;%V@9&*%6)@@0*#28%$'&7#6'$%
$1$*'@% 3)&% $*&''*% ,9@($?% 8&#-% @'*'&#28%
-',#7'&'-% :1% *"'% 5"#2'$'% *','6)@% #2-0$*&1%
$1$*'@?%92-%&'@)*'%@)2#*)&#28%$1$*'@%3)&%
6)0,-%&'-06'%5C2%'@#$$#)2$%:1%^\_%@#,,#)2%
-#'$',% 8'2'&9*)&$T;% D'690$'% )3% *"'% 8&'9*%
*)2$%#2%^YBY?%cRY%@#,,#)2%*)2$%#2%^Y^Y%92-%
79&#'*#'$% )3% $@9&*% 9((,#926'$?% #*% #$% "9&-% *)%
c\`% @#,,#)2% *)2$% #2% ^YcY;% V@9&*% @''*#28%
'$*#@9*'% *"'#&% &'-06*#)2% ()*'2*#9,% #2% 5"#29%
S!','6)23'&'26'T% $'&7#6'$% -',#7'&'-% :1% *"'%
9$%9%+"),';%V97#28$%3&)@%$@9&*%9((,#926'$%
5"#2'$'% *','6)@% #2-0$*&1% 6)0,-% &'-06'%
"97'%2)*%:''2%#26,0-'-%#2%*"'%9:)7'%8&9("%
5C2% '@#$$#)2$% :1% B^% @#,,#)2% *)2$% #2% ^YBY?%
-0'% *)% $#82#3#692*% 026'&*9#2*#'$?% :0*% +'%
B^c% @#,,#)2% *)2$% #2% ^Y^Y% 92-% b^c% @#,,#)2%
:',#'7'% $@9&*% 9((,#926'$% +#,,% (,91% 9% 7'&1%
B]
*)2$% #2% ^YcY ;% !"'$'% $97#28$% 9$$0@'%
#@()&*92*% &),'% #2% *"'% 30*0&';% N)&% 'Z9@(,'?%
*"9*%@#,'98'$%)2%*"'%+91%*)%92-%:96>%3&)@%
9,&'9-1%#2%^YBY%#*%+)0,-%:'%()$$#:,'%*)%$97'%
+)&>% +)0,-% -&)(% :1% _Ya% 92-% *"9*% 7#&*09,%
c;`]% @#,,#)2% *)2$% )3% 5C 2% #3% &'@)*'% $*&''*%
@''*#28$%+)0,-%&'(,96'%Ra?%B`a%92-%c]a%
,9@(% 6)2*&),% $1$*'@$% 9&'% 0$'-% 3)&% `Ya% )3%
)3% 6)@@'&6#9,% 97#9*#)2% &'$('6*#7',1% 3)&%
*"'%,9@($%#2%5"#29;
@V"##7)%E#6%)RDC(40#<%#;+ADC(405#O()4%#,-<<(GG%+/5#;+=)0(#\%../5#J0++/.#H(EC/+5#:-G(++0#H(8CE(+5
8<<DFUU&&&"&%)C=&/C=C/20"%)KU&8%UE0=/(UD)0..U?QQXU667,/+()A/<0E@@XPX"D=2
@W"##8<<DFUU&&&".-.<(/+(*C0a<)(+.D%)<(</%+"4%EU
Key findings
7
Recommendations
For policy makers
1 <)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$%$")0,-%:'%#26,0-'-%
%:0#,-#28$B\%;%!"'$'%'2*'&(&#$'$%9&'%-'$'&7'-%*)%
9$%9%>'1%(9&*%#2%5"#29.$%B^*"%/7'%1'9&%(,92%9$%#*%692%
(91% @)&'% 9**'2*#)2$;%!"'1% $'*% 92% 'Z9@(,'% 3)&%
"',(%5"#29%:'6)@'%@)&'%&'$)0&6'%'3/6#'2*%9$%+',,%
)*"'&%'2*'&(&#$'$%#2%*"'%$9@'%$'6*)&;%E'92+"#,'?%
9$%$0(()&*%#22)79*#)2;%E'92+"#,'?%#2%*"'%29*#)29,%
*"'%8)7'&2@'2*%6)0,-%'26)0&98'%9%6)@('*#*#)2%
6,#@9*'%$*&9*'81%$('6#/6%9**'2*#)2%$")0,-%:'%8#7'2%*)%
9@)28%$'6*)&$%+#*"%"#8"%69&:)2%'@#$$#)2$?%92-%
*&92$3)&@9*#7'%$),0*#)2$%,#>'%*"'%)2'$%3&)@%45!%*"9*%
8#7'%9+9&-$%*)%*")$'%9((,1#28%,)+%69&:)2%45!%
6)0,-%"',(%&'-06'%'@#$$#)2$%:1%_Y%('&6'2*%)&%@)&'%
$),0*#)2$;% 4*% +#,,% '26)0&98'% 45!% )('&9*)&$% *)%
6)@(9&'-%+#*"%"#8"%69&:)2%+91$%*)%(&)7#-'%$'&7#6'$%
(&)7#-'%@)&'%'3/6#'2*%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$%
S';8;%7#&*09,%@''*#28$%#2$*'9-%)3%g1#28?%*','+)&>#28%
3)&%$'6*)&$%+#*"%"#8"%'@#$$#)2$;
#2$*'9-%)3%69&%6)@@0*#28?%'=:))>$%#2$*'9-%)3%(9('&%
5 !"'%8)7'&2@'2*%$")0,-%*9>'%45!%$),0*#)2$%
:))>$?%'*6T;%42%*"#$%+91%5"#29%+)0,-%(&)@)*'%*"'%
#2*)% 966)02*% #2% 0&:92% (,922#28?% (&)7#-'%
>#2-%)3%$),0*#)2$%*"9*%9&'%*&0,1%$0$*9#29:,'%92-%2)*%
#26'2*#7'$% 3)&% 6#*1% (,922#28% *"9*% #26,0-'%
G0$*%$,#8"*,1%,'$$%02$0$*9#29:,';%
@)&'% *','+)&>#28% 92-% 7#&*09,% @''*#28$% 9$%
2 !9&8'*$% 3)&% 5"#29.$% *','6)@% #2-0$*&1.$%
6)2*&#:0*#)2%*)%&'-06'-%'@#$$#)2$%*"&)08"%,)+%
+',,% 9$% $@9&*% (0:,#6% *&92$()&*?% 92-% (&)7#-'%
#23&9$*&06*0&'%*)%$@9&*%$),0*#)2$%#2%30*0&';%
69&:)2%$'&7#6'$%$")0,-%:'%3)&@0,9*'-;%E#2#@0@%
6 %!"'%8)7'&2@'2*%$")0,-%@9>'%6)2*&),%92-%
bYY% @#,,#)2% *)2$% )3% 5C 2% &'-06*#)2$% 3&)@% 45!%
@9298'@'2*% 3)&% *"'% '2'&81% 6)2$0@(*#)2% #2%
$),0*#)2$%#2%3)0&%9&'9$%:1%^Y^Y%92-%BYYY%@#,,#)2%
:0#,-#28$% :1% '26)0&98#28% *"'% 6))('&9*#)2% )3%
*)2$%:1%^YcY%9&'%*+)%()$$#:,'%*9&8'*$;
45!% $0((,#'&$% 92-% 9&6"#*'6*0&'% -'7',)('&$% *)%
3 !"'% 8)7'&2@'2*% $")0,-% $*#(0,9*'% '@#$$#)2%
-'7',)(% $('6#3#6% 45!% $),0*#)2$% 92-% &'9,#I'% *"'%
,#@#*$%3)&%6'&*9#2%$'&7#6'$%*)%$0(()&*%#22)79*#)2%
6)@(&'"'2$#7'% 3026*#)2$% )3% -9*9% 6),,'6*#)2?%
92-%"'#8"*'2%*"'%$'2$'%)3%#2-0$*&#9,%-#$6#(,#2'%#2%
@)2#*)&#28% 92-% @9298'@'2*;% A% $6#'2*#3#6%
)&-'&%*)%#26&'9$'%*"'%#26'2*#7'%*)%0$'%,)+%69&:)2%
@)2#*)&#28%)3%69&:)2%'@#$$#)2$%#$%*"'%:9$#$%)3%
45!% $),0*#)2$;% N)&% 'Z9@(,'?% 8)7'&2@'2*% 692%
&'9,#I#28%&'-06*#)2$;%
3)&@0,9*'%9%@9Z#@0@%,#@#*%)2%92209,%'@#$$#)2$%
7 !"'%8)7'&2@'2*%$")0,-%,)+'&%*"'%#27'$*@'2*%
92-%'2'&81%6)2$0@(*#)2$%3)&%-#33'&'2*%$'6*)&$?%
:9&&#'&$%92-%(&)7#-'%@)&'%$0(()&*$%*)%&'$)0&6'%
92-%*"'2%#@()$'%9%,0Z0&1%*9Z%)2%'@#$$#)2$%)7'&%
$97#28% @'9$0&'$% #2% )&-'&% *)% $0(()&*% *','6)@%
*"#$%,#@#*;
)('&9*)&$% *)% -'7',)(% ,)+% 69&:)2% #23)&@9*#)2%
4 <)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$%#2%$'6*)&$%+#*"%"#8"%
$),0*#)2$;%N)&%'Z9@(,'?%'2*'&(&#$'$%692%'2G)1%*9Z%%
'@#$$#)2$?%$06"%9$%:0#,-#28%92-%,)8#$*#6$?%$")0,-%
-'-06*#)2%:1%$0:@#**#28%9%&'()&*%)3%*"'#&%69&:)2%
:'%(&)@)*'-;%V)@'%&'9,%'$*9*'%%%-'7',)('&$?5"#29%
&'-06*#)2;%N)&%$@9,,%'2*'&(&#$'$%6))('&9*#28%+#*"%
f92>'% 3)&% 'Z9@(,'?% "97'% 9,&'9-1% *9>'2% 8&''2%
*','6)@%)('&9*)&$?%,)92$%6)0,-%:'%(&)7#-'-%+"'2%
:0#,-#28% #2*)% 966)02*% #2% *"'% -'$#82% )3% 2'+%
(&)7#-#28%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$;%
#@X###b(+R0#/.#<80#C()K0.<#)0./=0+</(C#)0(C#0.<(<0#=0B0C%D0)#/+#'8/+("#8<<DFUU&&&"B(+R0"4%EUE(/+U=02(-C<>+KC/.8"(.D_
8
Recommendations
For telecom players,
users of telecom solutions and academia:
8 !9&8'*$% 3)&% ()$#*#7'% 6)2*&#:0*#)2$% 3&)@% ,)+%
*)8'*"'&% +#*"% $)@'% '6)2)@#6% (&):,'@$% $06"%
69&:)2%*','6)@%$),0*#)2$%$")0,-%:'%3)&@0,9*'-%
9$%"#8"%6)$*%92-%$)%)2;%!"'$'%(&):,'@$%2''-%9%
:1%9,,%#@()&*92*%*','6)@%)('&9*)&$;
G)#2*%'33)&*%)3%:)*"%)('&9*)&$%92-%@920396*0&'&$%
9 N)&%>'1%,)+%69&:)2%*','6)@%$),0*#)2$%@)&'%
*)% $),7';% (0:,#6% 92-% 0&8'% *"'% (0:,#6% *)% #27'$*%
-'*9#,'-%$*0-#'$%9&'%2''-'-%*)%&'/2'%92-%7'&#31%
@)&'%*#@'%92-%'2'&81%*)%(91%9**'2*#)2%*)%69&:)2%
*"'%6)2*&#:0*#)2$%*)%&'-06'-%'@#$$#)2$;%
'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2%02-'&*9>#28;
10%V#26'%45!%$),0*#)2$%9&'%9((,#'-%#2%-#33'&'2*%
14 !','6)@% $'&7#6'% (&)7#-'&$% 92-% *','6)@%
#2-0$*&#'$% 92-% :9$'-% )2% -#33'&'2*% $'*% )3%
)('&9*)&$% $")0,-% '2"926'% *"'% $'2$'% )3% $)6#9,%
3026*#)2$?% *"'% +91$% *"9*% 45!% $),0*#)2$% -',#7'&%
&'$()2$#:#,#*1%92-%&'9,#I'%*"'%79,0'%)3%,)+%69&:)2%
5C2% &'-06*#)2$% 9&'% 7'&1% -#33'&'2*;%!"'&'3)&'?%
'6)2)@1% 92-% #*$% 6)@@'&6#9,% ()*'2*#9,;% N)&%
+"'2% (&)@)*#28% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $),0*#)2$% #*% #$%
'Z9@(,'% *','6)@% )('&9*)&$% $")0,-% $*&'28*"'2%
#@()&*92*% *)% *9>'% #2*)% 966)02*% :)*"% *"'% >#2-%
:&)9-:92-% #23&9$*&06*0&'% 6)2$*&06*#)2% #2%
)3% &'-06*#)2% *"9*% *"'% 45!% $),0*#)2% #$% -',#7'&#28%
)&-'&% *)% (&)7#-'% 2'6'$$9&1% 6)2-#*#)2$% 3)&% *"'%
S';8;% -#&'6*% )&% #2-#&'6*% 92-% #26&'@'2*9,% )&%
-'7',)(@'2*% )3% 45!% (&)-06*$;% !"'1% $")0,-%
*&92$3)&@9*#7'T%9$%+',,%9$%*"'%#2-0$*&#9,%6)2*'Z*%
9,$)%&'89&-%*"'%'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2%'33'6*%9$%92%
+"'&'%*"'%$),0*#)2$%9&'%*9>#28%(,96'?%#2%)&-'&%*)%
#@()&*92*%9**&#:0*'%-0&#28%*"'%(&)-06*%-'7',)(#28%
'2$0&'%*"'%@9Z#@0@%5C2%&'-06*#)2$;
$*98'%92-%966','&9*'%*"'%6)@#28%)3%30*0&'%,)+=
11%4*%#$%#@()&*92*%*)%6&'9*'%80#-926'%92-%:'$*%
69&:)2%$@9&*%$)6#'*1;%
(&96*#6'%*)%'2$0&'%*"9*%*"'%&':)02-%'33'6*$%3&)@%
15%5"#29.$%*','6)@%#2-0$*&1?%*)8'*"'&%+#*"%(),#61%
,)+%69&:)2%*','6)@%$),0*#)2$%8'2'&9*'%#26&'9$'-%
@9>'&$%92-%)*"'&%$*9>'"),-'&$?%$")0,-%$0(()&*%*"'%
'@#$$#)2$?%#2$*'9-%*"'%&':)02-%'33'6*$%$")0,-%:'%
-'7',)(@'2*%)3%92%#2*'&29*#)29,,1%98&''-%$*92-9&-%
-#&'6*'-%$)%*"9*%*"'1%8'2'&9*'%30&*"'&%&'-06*#)2$%
*)%69,60,9*'%$97#28$%3&)@%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$'&7#6'%
S#;';%,)+%69&:)2%3''-:96>T%
$),0*#)2$;
12 D'$*% (&96*#6'% )3% *"'% 0$'% )3% ,)+% 69&:)2%
16 !+)% -#33'&'2*% >#2-$% )3% &'-06*#)2$% 9&'%
45!% $),0*#)2$% #2% -#33'&'2*% #2-0$*&#'$% $")0,-% :'%
#@()&*92*%*)%$'(9&9*';%N#&$*?%$),0*#)2$%*"9*%-',#7'&%
6),,'6*'-%92-%(&)@)*'-;
&'-06*#)2$% :1% #@(&)7#28% *"'% '2'&81% '33#6#'261%
13 !','6)@% $'&7#6'% (&)7#-'&$% 92-% *','6)@%
)3% *&9-#*#)29,% #2-0$*&#'$?% ';8;% $@9&*% 6)2*&),% )3%
)('&9*)&$%$")0,-%6))('&9*'?%G)#2*,1%-'7',)(%92-%
'28#2'$;% !"'$'% $),0*#)2$% #@(&)7'% '33#6#'261%
9--&'$$%*"'%*'6"2),)8#69,%:)**,'2'6>$?%#2%)&-'&%
#2% 'Z#$*#28% $1$*'@$% :1% #@(&)7#28% (&)-06*$;%
*)%'2$0&'%966','&9*'-%0(*9>'%)3%,)+%69&:)2%45!%
V'6)2-?%$),0*#)2$%&'-06#28%'2'&81%6)2$0@(*#)2%
$),0*#)2$;% 42#*#9*#7'$% *)% -#$60$$% *"'% 6&'9*#)2% )3%
:1% (&)7#-#28% 2'+% +91$% *)% -',#7'&% 9% $'&7#6'?%
#2-0$*&1%$*92-9&-$%92-%(&)(',%*"'%7#&*0)0$%616,'%
';8;% @):#,'% 2'+$(9('&% S9,,)+#28% (')(,'% *)%
)3% ,)+=69&:)2% '6)2)@1% $")0,-% :'% $0(()&*'-;%
89#2% 966'$$% *)% 2'+$% 92-% #23)&@9*#)2% *"&)08"%
N)&%#2$*926'?%7#-')%6)23'&'26'%"9$%'26)02*'&'-%
'=&'9-'&$%#2$*'9-%)3%2'+$(9('&$T;%!"'%&'-06*#)2%
$)@'% *'6"2),)8#69,% (&):,'@$% $06"% 9$% -',91?%
690$'-%:1%*"'%/&$*%69*'8)&1%#$%'9$#'&%*)%69,60,9*'%
:92-+#-*"?% (#6*0&'% -'3#2#*#)2% 92-% $*9:#,#*1?
*"92%*")$'%690$'-%:1%*"'%,9**'&%9$%#*%#$%)3*'2%
Recommendations
9
#26&'@'2*9,%$),0*#)2$%#2%'Z#$*#28%$1$*'@$%+"'&'%
)*"'&%6)@(92#'$%*)%#26&'9$'%*"'%0$'%)3*','+)&>#28?%
*"'% $1$*'@% #$% ,'3*% +#*")0*% 921% @9G)&% 6"928'$;%
% #26,0-#28% '-069*#)2% 3)&% @#--,'% @9298'@'2*%
!"'% &'-06*#)2$% #2% *"'% $'6)2-% 69*'8)&1% @91%
*"9*%+92*%*)%,'9&2%")+%*)%6&'9*'%8))-%+)&>#28%
:'% @)&'% $#82#3#692*?% :0*% 9,$)% @)&'% -#33#60,*% *)%
6)2-#*#)2$%+#*"%,)+%69&:)2%*','+)&>#28;
69,60,9*'% 9$% *"'% 02-'&,1#28% #23&9$*&06*0&'% 9&'%
-#33'&'2*;
20 423)&@9*#)2% 69@(9#82$% *"9*% "#8",#8"*% *"'%
()$#*#7'% 9$('6*$% )3% ,)+% 69&:)2% 45!% $")0,-% :'%
17%42*&)-06'%'=&'9-'&$e@0,*#3026*#)29,%-'7#6'$%
,9026"'-%#2%)&-'&%*)%@9>'%(')(,'%9+9&'%)3%*"'%
9*% 02#7'&$#*#'$% 9$% *"#$% +)0,-% :)*"% '26)0&98'%
*','6)@%$'6*)&%9$%92%#@()&*92*%$),0*#)2%(&)7#-'&;%
-'7',)(@'2*% )3% #22)79*#7'% $),0*#)2$% 9@)28%
5"#29.$% *','6)@% #2-0$*&1% $")0,-% (0:,#6#I'% *"'%
$*0-'2*$% 92-% &'-06'% *"'% -'@92-% 3)&% '2'&81%
'@#$$#)2% &'-06*#)2% '33'6*% 92-% ()*'2*#9,% )3% 45!%
%^Y
92-%(9('&;
(&)-06*$%$)%9$%*)%#@(&)7'%*"'%966'(*9:#,#*1%)3%*"'%
18 V0(()&*% *"'% 0$'% )3% 7#-')% 6)23'&'26#28%
45!%(&)-06*$?%'2"926'%*"'%$'2$'%)3%'27#&)2@'2*9,%
-0&#28% #2*'&29*#)29,% 2'8)*#9*#)2$% *)% 9,,)+%
(&)*'6*#)2%9@)28%*"'%(0:,#6%92-%0&8'%*"'%(0:,#6%
:&)9-'&%(9&*#6#(9*#)2%92-%,'$$%(),,0*#)2;
*)%#27'$*%@)&'%*#@'%92-%'2'&81%*)%(91%9**'2*#)2%*)%
19 U26)0&98'%V*9*'%C+2'-%U2*'&(&#$'$%92-%
69&:)2%'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2%02-'&*9>#28;
,#-./(/0/*$
!"'&'% 9&'% @921% +91$% *)% Q092*#31% 5C 2 $9,'$?% 0$98'% 92-% &'616,#28;% 59&:)2% '@#$$#)2%
'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2;%5)@@)2,1%0$'-%@'*")-),)8#'$%
#27),7'-%#2%'96"%$'8@'2*%$")0,-%:'%6)2$#-'&'-;%
#26,0-'%-#33'&'2*%<5A.$%92-%#2(0*%)0*(0*%929,1$#$;%
L[L% (&)*)6),% #$% (0:,#$"'-% :1% F)&,-% D0$#2'$$%
!"'% +91$% *)% 0$'% *"'$'% @'*")-),)8#'$% 9&'%
5)026#,%3)&%V0$*9#29:,'%K'7',)(@'2*%92-%F)&,-%
-'$6&#:'-%#2%4VC%BRYb`%92-%)*"'&%-)60@'2*$?%
M'$)0&6'$% 42$*#*0*';% 4*% #$% 9% 8'2'&9,% @'*")-%
#26,0-#28%JAV%^Y`Y?%*"'%L[L%J&)*)6),%3)&%J&)G'6*%
)3% 69,60,9*#28% *"'% '@#$$#)2% )3% 8&''2")0$'%
A66)02*#28%92-%!"'%L[L%J&)*)6),%3)&%5)&()&9*'%
89$?% +"#6"% ',9:)&9*'$% )2% $('6#/6% $*'($% )3% *"'%
%^B%
A66)02*#28;
69,60,9*#)2$;%22
<5A%#$%$")&*%3)&%,#3'%616,'%9$$'$$@'2*%92-%
N)&% 45!% $),0*#)2$% (&)7#-'-% :1% *','6)@%
#$% *"'% @'*")-),)81% 0$'-% #2% *"'% 69,60,9*#)2% )3%
#2-0$*&1?% @)$*% <5A% @'*")-),)8#'$% #26,0-'%
&'-06*#)2$%#2%*"#$%&'()&*;%!"'%'$$'26'%)3%<5A%#$%
*"'% '@#$$#)2$% -0&#28% *"'% ,#3'616,'% 92-% 2)*% *"'%
*)%*9>'%966)02*%)3%'7'&1%$'8@'2*%)3%9%(&)-06*?%
#@(96*%3&)@%*"'%0$'%("9$';%!"'%'@#$$#)2$%3&)@%
#26,0-#28% #*$% @9*'&#9,% 6),,'6*#)2?% (&)-06#28?%
7#-')% 6)23'&'26'% $),0*#)2$% +#,,% )2,1% #26,0-'%
?Q"#cC%*(CCA#0a)0(=0).#()0#K)%&/+K#2(.<"#;*%-<#2%-)#E/CC/%+#0a)0(=0).#&0)0#.%C=#/+#?QQX5#(44%)=/+K#<%#d:a*(.0=#)0.0()48#3)E#/:-DDC/5#&8/48#D)0=/4<.#
######.(C0.#&/CC#)0(48#@?#E/CC/%+#/+#?Q@?"#`<e.#0_D04<0=#<8(<#P#E/CC/%+#0a)0(=0).#&/CC#*0#.%C=#/+#'8/+(#/+#?Q@Q5#-D#2)%E#WQQ5QQQ#C(.<#A0()5#(44%)=/+K#<%#(##
######)0D%)<#2)%E#<80#)0.0()48#4%ED(+A#J/.DC(A:0()485#K/B/+K#'8/+(#(#?Qf#.8()0#%2#<%<(C#=0B/40.#.%C=#&%)C=&/=0#8<<DFUU&&&"4/*E(K(G/+0"4%E"4+U#
######70(<-)0.U,-./+0.."(.Dg/=h@???i8(+&(+K].]KC%*(C](E*/</%+."8<EC
?@"#8<<DFUU&&&"/.%"%)KU/.%U4(<(C%K-0]=0<(/Cg4.+-E*0)h!QSW9
######8<<DFUU&&&"*./K)%-D"4%EU0+U:<(+=()=.a(+=aH-*C/4(</%+.UL%&a&0a4(+a80CDaA%-UH)%20../%+(Ca:<(+=()=.a:0)B/40UH;:a?Q9QU
######8<<DFUU&&&"K8KD)%<%4%C"%)KU#
######8<<DFUU)(+=="=02)("K%B"-RUJ%4-E0+<"(.D_gJ%4-E0+<h>bQ?QV!]VQVQ]>j>"D=2
??"#8<<DFUU&&&"K8KD)%<%4%C"%)KU3C0.U<048+/4(Ca<%D/4."D=2
10 Methodology
*"'%'@#$$#)2$%3&)@%*"'%(&)-06*#)2?%-#$*&#:0*#)2?%
92-%'Z*&96*#)2%)3%*"'%)#,T?%92-%2)*%*"'%$1$*'@#6%
0$'%92-%'2-=0$'%)3%*"'%(&)-06*;%4*%+#,,%2)*%#26,0-'%
$97#28$%&',9*'-%*)%&'-06'-%0$'%)3%*"'%02-'&,1#28%
*"'%$97#28$%3&)@%*"'%0$'%)3%*"'%7#-')%6)23'&'26'%
#23&9$*&06*0&'% $06"% 9$% &)9-$?% (9&>#28% $()*$?%
$),0*#)2%-0'%*)%&'-06'-%&97',,#28?%'7'2%*")08"%*"9*%
'*6;% 426,0-#28% *"'$'% '@#$$#)2$% +)0,-% #26&'9$'%
*"#$%#$%#2%@)$*%69$'$%*"'%@)$*%#@()&*92*%#@(96*%)2%
*"'%$97#28$%3&)@%,)+%69&:)2%45!%$),0*#)2$?%92-%
'@#$$#)2$%3&)@%9%7#-')%6)23'&'26'%$),0*#)2;%
#2% *&92$()&*% 9&'9$% *"'$'% #2-#&'6*% 92-% $1$*'@#6%
!)%69,60,9*'%*"'%$97#28$%3&)@%45!%$),0*#)2$%#*%
#$%2'6'$$9&1%*)%/&$*%69,60,9*'%*"'%-#&'6*%'@#$$#)2$%
'@#$$#)2$%)3*'2%&'$0,*%#2%cYa%"#8"'&%'@#$$#)2$%
6)@(9&'-%+#*"%9%h*9#,=(#('i%9((&)96";%24
3&)@%*"'%),-%$1$*'@?%,#>'%69&$?%#2'3/6#'2*%:0#,-#28$?%
g1#28%'*6;%D0*%#*%#$%9,$)%#@()&*92*%*)%69,60,9*'%*"'%
'@#$$#)2$%3&)@%*"'%02-'&,1#28%#23&9$*&06*0&'%*"9*%
Method and steps in estimating CO 2 emission reduction contributed by China’s telecom industry
*"'%),-%$1$*'@%-'('2-$%)2?%,#>'%&)9-$?%(9&>#28%
$()*$?% 'Z*&96*#)2% 92-% -#$*&#:0*#)2% )3% )#,;% C3*'2%
*"'% ,9*'&% '@#$$#)2$?% &',9*'-% *)% *"'% 02-'&,1#28%
#23&9$*&06*0&'?% 9&'% 3)&8)**'2;% D0*% +"'2% (')(,'%
3)&%'Z9@(,'%$*9&*%0$#28%@)&'%7#&*09,%@''*#28?%*"'%
$97#28$%9&'%2)*%G0$*%3&)@%&'-06'-%'@#$$#)2$%3&)@%
,'$$%g1#28%#*%9,$)%&'-06'$%*"'%2''-%3)&%6)2$*&06*#)2%
)3%9#&(,92'$?%9#&()&*$?%")*',$?%'*6;%E921%$*0-#'$%
*"9*%"97'%:''2%-)2'%0$#28%<5A%@'*")-$%6,'9&,1%
#2-#69*'%*"9*%(&)7#-#28%$'&7#6'$%+#*"%*"'%"',(%)3%
45!%&'$0,*$%#2%$#82#/692*%5C2 '@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2$?%
6)@(9&'-%+#*"%"#8"%69&:)2%+91$%)3%(&)7#-#28%*"'%
$9@'%$'&7#6';%45!%692%:'%BYY%)&%'7'2%BYYY%*#@'$%
,'$$%69&:)2%#2*'2$#7';%^c 42% *"#$% $*0-1?% BR% 45!% $),0*#)2$% *"9*% 5"#29%
E):#,'%(&)7#-'$% 9&'% 929,1I'-?% *"'% 9((&)(&#9*'%
@'*")-%*)%69,60,9*'%*"'%$),0*#)2$.%5C2%'@#$$#)2%
&'-06*#)2% +9$% $','6*'-% 966)&-#28% *)% *"'%
979#,9:#,#*1%)3%96*09,%-9*9;%!"'%@'*")-%'$*9:,#$"'-%
#2%*"#$%$*0-1%#$%+#-',1%0$'-%#2%69,60,9*#28%*"'%5C2 '@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2%:&)08"*%:1%5E55?%92-%+9$%
9,$)%0$'-%*)%'$*#@9*'%*"'%&'-06*#)2%6)2*&#:0*'-%:1%
5"#29.$%*','6)@%#2-0$*&1%9$%9%+"),';
42%)&-'&%*)%'2$0&'%6)2$'&79*#7'%'$*#@9*#)2$%
)2,1% *"'% -#&'6*% '@#$$#)2% &'-06*#)2$% +'&'%
#26,0-'-% S';8% '@#$$#)2$% 3&)@% 9% 69&T% 2)*% *"'%
#2-#&'6*%$97#28$%S';8;%3&)@%(&)-06*#)2%)3%*"'%69&%
?P"##8<<DFUUD(EC/+"+0<U*C%KU>)/4..%+]'C/E(<0]H%./</B0"D=2
#######8<<DFUU(..0<."D(+=("%)KU=%&+C%(=.UKC%*(C].<)(<0KA]2%)]<80]@.<]]*/CC/%+]<%++0.]&/<8]/4<]]*A]&&2"D=2
#######8<<DFUU(..0<."D(+=("%)KU=%&+C%(=.U2%../C?2-<-)0]&&2]/4<"D=2
?!"##:00#2%)#0_(EDC0F#'80.<0)5#O#0<#(C"5#?QQX"#>+B/)%+E0+<(C#;..0..E0+<#%2#H(..0+K0)#T)(+.D%)<(</%+#:8%-C=#`+4C-=0#`+2)(.<)-4<-)0#(+=#:-DDCA#'8(/+."#####
#######>+B/)%+E0+<(C#\0.0()48#$0<<0).5#!"#;B(/C(*C0#%+C/+0#(<#8<<DFUU=_"=%/"%)KU@Q"@QWWU@V!WaXP?SU!U?UQ?!QQW"
Methodology
11
1. Choose the solutions: K#33'&'2*%45!%$),0*#)2$%:&#28%9:)0*%-#33'&'2*%
5C2%'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2$?%$)%45!%$),0*#)2$%
+#*"% ):7#)0$% &'-06*#)2% '33'6*$% $")0,-% :'%
6")$'2;%N)&%*"'%6)27'2#'26'%)3%69,60,9*#28?%
$),0*#)2$% #2% +"#6"% -9*9% #$% @)&'% '9$#,1%
):*9#2'-%$")0,-%:'%(&#)&#*#I'-;
'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2;%!"'&'%9&'%*+)%@'*")-$%
*)% $','6*% *"'% :9$',#2';% N#&$*% #$% *)% $'*% *"'%
'@#$$#)2% )3% *"'% $1$*'@% :'3)&'% 9((,1#28%
*"'%$),0*#)2$%9$%:9$',#2'X%*"'%$'6)2-%#$%*)%
$0(()$'% *"'% '@#$$#)2% +#*")0*% 9((,1#28%
*"'% $),0*#)2$;% % V'6)2-?% 93*'&% -'*'&@#2#28%
*"'%:9$',#2'?%69,60,9*'%*"'%8&)$$%'@#$$#)2%
:&)08"*% :1% *"'% 6")$'2% 45!% $),0*#)2$% 92-%
2. Data investigation: 427'$*#89*'% *"'% 6")$'2% 45!% $),0*#)2$?%
8'*% '@#$$#)2% &'-06*#)2% :1% $0:*&96*#28%
'@#$$#)2$%3&)@%*"'%45!%$),0*#)2$%3&)@%*"'%
),-%$),0*#)2;
#26,0-#28%8)9,%)3%*"'%$'&7#6'?%*'6"2),)8#69,%
@'*")-?% 9((,#69*#)2% *#@'% 92-% I)2'% )3% *"'%
$'&7#6'?% *)8'*"'&% +#*"% *"'% @'6"92#$@% )3%
*"'%&'-06*#)2?%'33'6*%)3%*"9*?%92-%*"'%69&:)2%
3))*(&#2*%)3%,#3'%616,';
3. Choose method:
According to the availability of data, it
is determined whether the accounting
for project or for corporate should be
chosen. The accounting for project should
be chosen when data of the primary and
secondary effect of the reduction activities
is acquirable and easy to calculate.
4. alculate CO2 emission reduction:
5. Estimate CO2 emission reduction of low­carbon ICT solution contributed by China Mobile: Through the calculation in the previous
step, contribution of the chosen solutions
on CO2 emission reduction is determined.
According to the proportion of the chosen
ICT services’ volume of business to that
of China Mobile, CO2 emission reduction
contributed by China Mobile across China
can be estimated.
6. Estimate a total contribution and the potential of CO 2 emission r e d u c t i o n b r o u g h t b y C h i n a ’s telecom industry:
59,60,9*'%5C2%'@#$$#)2%&'-06*#)2%)3%6")$'2%
45!%$),0*#)2$;%!"'%L[L%J&)*)6),%3)&%J&)G'6*%
A66)&-#28% *)% *"'% (&)()&*#)2% )3% 5"#29%
A66)02*#28%92-%L[L%J&)*)6),%3)&%5)&()&9*'%
E):#,'.$% @9&>'*% $69,'% #2% 5"#29.$% *','6)@%
A66)02*#28% 692% :'% 0$'-% 9$% 80#-926'%
#2-0$*&1?% 9% *)*9,% 6)2*&#:0*#)2% 92-% *"'%
*)8'*"'&% +#*"% JAV% ^Y`Y;% !+)% $*'($% 9&'%
()*'2*#9,% )3% 5C2% '@#$$#)2% &'-06*#)2$% :1%
2''-'-P% N#&$*?% $','6*#28% *"'% 6)@(9&9*#7'%
5"#29.$%*','6)@%#2-0$*&1%692%:'%'$*#@9*'-;%
:9$',#2'?%Q092*#31#28%92-%&'()&*#28%*"'%
12 Introduction
WWF’s mission is to stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature by: ;''''3$%/+79"%<'0)+'($7#=>/'?"$#$<"*.#'="9+7/"0@A
;''''B%/-7"%<'0).0'0)+'-/+'$5'7+%+(.?#+'%.0-7.#'7+/$-7*+/'"/'/-/0."%.?#+A
;''''C7$!$0"%<'0)+'7+=-*0"$%'$5'6$##-0"$%'.%='(./0+5-#'*$%/-!60"$%:
1/20(%1)(#%34'(%5/2%67-42#%8#)9)'*%:5&;# Wen Hua Gong, Beijing Working People’s Culture Palace
Beijing 100006, China Tel: (86) (10) 6511 6211 Fax: (86) (10) 6511 6222
Website: www.wwfchina.org