Intelligent, Connected Cars 
Volkswagen’s Vision of the Future
Dr. Markus Lienkamp − Electronics and Vehicle Research
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Global trends
Time is scarce
Space is scarce
Oil is scarce
Ubiquitous broadband
communication
Advances in
electronics
Novel battery
technologies
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Slide 2
Motivation for integrating communication into vehicles
Improving road safety
Improving traffic efficiency
Providing up-to-date information services
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Slide 3
Road safety
Increasing need for security:
EU goal „-50% fatalities“
120%
Source: IRTAD
100%
80%
60%
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Year
Slide 4
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1988
1989
1986
1987
1985
„Fahrvergnügen“
1981
0%
1980
20%
1984
40%
1983
cars
pedestrians
motorcycles
bicycles
others
1982
Driving experience should
remain being joyful!
Normalised fatalities (1980=100%)
140%
Road safety: The driver as element of uncertainty
Causes of fatal accidents
%
25
Mental causes
38%
Misjudgements
46%
Unexpected
Technology
behaviour
5%
11%
20
10
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Slide 5
Technology
Others
Accidents
Pedestrians/
Animals
Static car
Lane keeping
Weather
Car dynamics
Preceding car
Inattention
Sleep
0
Medical causes
5
Source: GdV, VW Unfallforschung
15
Road safety potential
Safety potential
Car-to-car com.
Car to X
Pyro Brake
Driver assistant
ESP
Brake assistant
ABS
Airbag
Seat belt
Passive
safety
Car assistant
Active
safety
Side Assist
Front Assist
Pre-crash
Stiff passenger compartment
Car structure
Today
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Slide 6
Time
Road safety: Guardian angel
Handling like a skilled driver
Seeing like an alert human
and
everything
safely
Driving like a trained driver
Acting like an experienced human
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Slide 7
Actuators: Handling like a skilled driver
Electromechanical
steering
DSG transmission
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Slide 8
Electronic
accelerator
Sensors: Seeing like an alert human
Back video camera
Short-distance radar
Interior sensor
Multi-beam laser
Front video camera
Infrared camera
Long-distance radar
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Slide 9
Ultrasonic
sensors
Sensors: Seeing like an alert human
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Slide 10
Vehicle dynamics: Driving like a trained driver
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Slide 11
Intelligence: Acting like an experienced human
Test A
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Slide 12
Technology box: Components enabling safety
Driving at the limit
“Golf 53“
Positioning
Speed-optimised trajectory
Driving in unknown territory
“Stanley“
“Junior“
Environment sensing
Positioning
Path planning
Intelligent
“Intelligent Car“
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Driving according to traffic rules
Slide 13
Detection of situations
Driving strategy
Safety
Environment sensing
Positioning
Path planning
And everything safely: Automatic driving functionalities in iCar
Lane keeping
PLATZHALTER BILD
Clear drive and tracking
Driving in traffic congestion
BILD
(stop & go)
Lange changing and
overtaking manoeuvre
(driver approved)
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Slide 14
Which systems does Volkswagen offer today?
Latitudinal
Latitudinal
guidance
guidance
Longitudinal
Longitudinal
guidance
guidance
Parking
Parking
assistance
assistance
ACC
ACC
Back
Back video
video camera
camera
SWA
SWA
ACC
ACC
F2S
F2S
AWV
AWV
LDW
LDW
Driver
Driver information
information
Light
Light
AFS
AFS
Swivelling
Swivelling headlight
headlight
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Park
Park Assist
Assist
Slide 15
An example:
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Slide 16
Car-to-car communication: Extension of vehicle sensors
Extension of driver horizon by radio communication
Short latency in information dissemination
Reduced driver response time in dangerous situations
communication
better than the driver
sensors
as good as the driver
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Slide 17
Increasing the effective range: "Car-to-X"
Sensors
rbind
Communication technology / GPS
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Slide 18
Improving traffic safety
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Slide 19
Improving traffic safety: Warnings and driver assistance
Information from an ambulance
Warning of disregarded traffic signs
Bad visibility
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Road works
Slide 20
Motivation for integrating communication into vehicles
Improving road safety
Improving traffic efficiency
Providing up-to-date information services
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Slide 21
Challenges for society: Traffic volume increases substantially
Traffic congestion:
time and desire for in-vehicle
entertainment grows
A2
+ 125%
Lorries
A6
+ 181%
Lorries
Scenario VW 2002-2020
Passenger transportation: + 20%
Freight transportation:
+ 34 %
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Slide 22
Navigation systems today and tomorrow
Current features of RNS 510:
Future connected navigation systems:
Reliable and efficient
guidance to every destination
Touch screen
Receive information from many
cars out of the vicinity to avoid
and prevent traffic congestion
Up-to-date traffic information
via RDS / TMC
Improve routing by highly
dynamic and detailed traffic
information
Import of music from PC via
SD card
Sophisticated help system
with avatar “Carla“
Combine navigation with POIs
and events dynamically from the
Internet
Act also as up-to-date travel
guide and shopping assistant
Wireless operation of mobile
Provide a ubiquitous help
system with connection to VW
and the Internet
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Slide 23
Increase of traffic efficiency: Example traffic light assistant
Car-to-traffic-light communication to inform
drivers
Optimal speed to encounter phased traffic lights
Phase optimization of traffic lights by car
information
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Slide 24
Increase of traffic efficiency: Example Traffic Guard
Truck laser scanner
- alignment,
- lateral Profile
Analysis of oncoming traffic
- traffic density
- velocity
Vehicle sensors (FCD)
- position, course
- distance, velocity
Traffic management centre
- static information (speed limits)
- road works information
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Slide 25
Communication nodes (RSU)
- application for analysis
- dissemination of information
Traffic Guard: Information processing
Vehicle at end of section
Recording of
own sensor data
Vehicle tour
Data analysis in outflow-RSU
Communication outflow-RSU
RSU
TCP/IP
Evaluation of
- road path (GPS)
- number of lanes (GPS)
- traffic situation (speed)
through road works
RSU connection
Vehicle at start of section
Pre-adjustment of
traffic-optimised ACC
Broadcast
RSU
Aggregated
information
Display of precise
information to driver
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Inflow-RSU
Communication inflow-RSU
Slide 26
1 Introduction
2 The Traffic Guard –
Concept
Functionality
Results
3 Summary
Traffic Guard: Information usage in the vehicle
A) Traffic-optimised driving behaviour
B) Driver information
•
•
•
Driving recommendation for driver or
Modification of ACC
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Slide 27
Displaying road geometry and traffic speed
Avoidance of congestion by car-to-x communication
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Slide 28
1 Introduction
2 The Traffic Guard –
Concept
Functionality
Results
3 Summary
Traffic Guard: Impact on traffic efficiency
Reproduction in simulation
• Same traffic patterns
• Penetration rate:
0 % Traffic Guard
Simulation of traffic guard
• Same traffic patterns
• Penetration rate:
10 % Traffic Guard
Time
Empirical data (30.10.07)
• Traffic congestion
Location
Location
Location
Significant reduction of traffic congestion!
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Slide 29
Motivation for integrating communication into vehicles
Improving road safety
Improving traffic efficiency
Providing up-to-date information services
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Slide 30
Integration of online Internet services
Traffic
information
Fuel
prices
Time tables
Restaurants
and hotels
Tourist
information
Current
events
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Slide 31
“auto@web“
Drivers of an „auto@web“ car can use their
navigation system to …
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•
explore the map for interesting locations
regarding travel, city life and leisure
•
search the Internet for destinations
•
retrieve highly current information about event
venues and free park spaces
•
listen to and rate online music and podcasts from
the portal
Slide 32
Standardization is the enabler of cooperation
The minimum penetration rate for most safety applications is not achievable even for a
large volume manufacturer
The quality of car-to-car applications increases with higher penetration rate
Cooperating vehicles must communicate in the same “language”
Freight is global, people are global, Volkswagen is global
Proliferation of different standards increases time-to-market and costs
Let’s produce global ITS standards for a global world!
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Slide 33
Harmonization of world-wide ITS standards
C2C-CC
working documents
IEEE 802.11p + 1609.X
standards
ISO CALM standards
ITS Station Reference Architecture
Facilities
Networking & Transport
Access Technologies
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Slide 34
Security
Management
Applications
ITS Station Reference Architecture:
“Alphabet” for a common ITS language
ITS Station Reference Architecture
Facilities
Networking & Transport
Access Technologies
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Slide 35
Security
Management
Applications
Somebody sent me a text …
What did he write?
Drive, fool!
It’s green!
Thank you!
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