International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 9 – Oct 2014
Smart Way of Tracking and Assistance of
Pilgrims Using Android
Mankala Sowmya1, B Santosh Kumar 2
1
1,2
pursuing M.Tech (ES), 2Assistant Professor & HOD (ECE)
Visvesvaraya College of Engineering and Technology (VCET), M.P.Patelguda, Ibrahimpatnam , RangaReddy, Telangana,
INDIA
Abstract: –In Every year about 3 million people are gather
in the city of Makah to perform the rituals of hajji for 5
days, tracking the movement of such a huge number of
peoples is difficult to the pilgrims themselves and the
authorities managing the entire event. This paper reports a
real-time pilgrim tracking system that has been
implemented and designed. The system is relies on the
smart application installed on an android mobile.
Reliability, Robustness, and energy efficiency are major
factors in the design of the real time system. Due to the
rapid growth in the usage of phones in these days, almost
every pilgrim will have an android smart phone which
includes GPS and a tracking application installed in it. An
embedded system with a GSM module is placed in the Holy
area for receiving the information about the pilgrim’s
location and also to send further information about the
rescue location to the missing pilgrim. The developed real
time system belongs to a specific group of persons came to
visit the historical holy places. Whenever the missed
pilgrim realized that he/she was missed or in some problem,
they should press a button in the android application for
getting their location details.
The smart application works as it automatically
turns ON the GPS in mobile and then tracks the longitude
and latitude values of corresponding location and sends
that information to the corresponding person belongs to the
pilgrim and also to the developed system which is having a
GSM module, then the location information along with
time will be stored in external EEPROM memory in that
system. Here is an additional feature for assisting the
pilgrims at the ticket counter of temple while standing in
the queue. An RFID reader will be interfaced to the system
and when the pilgrim wants to borrow a ticket he/she has to
show his/her prepaid RFID card, the balance will be
deducted and a confirmation message will be send to
registered user mobile. And that message will be used as E
– ticket which is eco-friendly.
Keywords: ARM 7 , RFID ,GSM,KEYPAD
I.INTRODUCTION
The famous pilgrimage Thirupathi is the most crowd gathering
place of Hindus on the earth. It has a different characteristics
with regard to the people who attend the pilgrims, the place
ISSN: 2231-5381
where they meet in and the kind of rituals they performing.
These characteristic results in a set of challenges to the tracking
authorities, identification and controlling the crowd, and they
are identifying the personalities. What makes it even more
challenging is that the entire crowd makes the same
movements at the same timings doing the things essentially the
same thing .
The following are some of the common problems faced by the
pilgrims tracking and the authorities alike:
•lost, dead, or injured.
•Crowd control.
•Guiding lost pilgrims to their camps.
•In Medical Emergencies.
In the last few years onwards Radio frequency identification
systems have experienced a deployment partly due to the drop
in cost. To build the RFID tags and readers, components have
become sophisticated as they provide greater functionality, the
higher speed of data and data transfer. The monitoring system
and tracking system consists of a fixed wireless sensor network
cable and mobile units carried by the pilgrims, processing, and
routing the data on locations and the time stamps of mobile
units carried a/c by the pilgrims.
The protocols and algorithms required to achieve all
these Goals can be implemented at the multiple layers of the
network suite. These kinds of protocols and algorithms will
successfully carry out dissemination and data collection as well
as network management functionalities. every year many
people die because of the huge crowd poor organization.
Recently many of the people have stampedes and perished in
fires due to mismanagement and overcrowding. The
Overcrowding can be contained, hence catastrophes can be
prevented, by efficient management using latest technology.
Most of the crowded pilgrim events are usually happened
religious in nature and often involves simultaneous movement
of large groups of people.
Many latest wireless devices and the sensors are
available today in the market, including Radio Frequency ID
can be used for efficient management in the morning, go to the
bathroom and then make breakfast, possible by using the
toaster. However, all these activities and their duration may not
http://www.ijettjournal.org
Page 410
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 9 – Oct 2014
happen exactly at the same time each day and may have some
cyclic variations, such as depends on the seasons.
In The winter season the person May wake up later and
spend more time in the shower during the summer season. The
sensors should be able to detect all these activities, notice the
duration and time of each activity. In this project we are
describing the setting up of a smart home to collect ADL data
which will be used for learning machine behaviour and early
prediction of onset of diseases.
HAJJ (Pilgrimage) is the largest gathering of Muslims
worldwide. It has unique characteristics with regards to the
people who attend it (pilgrims), the place they meet in, and the
rituals they perform. Such a setup poses a real challenge to the
authorities in controlling the crowd, and identifying the people.
What it makes even more challenge is that all pilgrims move at
the same times and to the same places. The Hajj authorities
control the quotas for pilgrims from each country. Yet, the
number of visitors exceeds 6 million per year. This number is
expected to reach 10 million in the upcoming future.
While Hajj is a different spiritual experience for all
the pilgrims, it poses the major challenges for all the sorts to
the authorities feel responsible for facilitating this annual
event. Some of the major difficulties facing pilgrims and the
authorities alike include: identification of pilgrims (lost, dead,
or injured), medical emergencies, guiding lost pilgrims to their
respective camps, and congestion management. For such case
of scenario, there is a need for a tracking system for identifying
pilgrims. Passive and active RFID systems have been tested in
the past with limited success. Other approaches such as imagebased identifying systems are not suitable for a huge crowd in
the specific application. Thus, by using wireless sensor
network for tracking pilgrims was started.
In this real time system operates in two modes, in the
tracking the status of the pilgrim and monitoring mode, which
consists of portable embedded real time system with a GSM
module. The status and location of the pilgrim can be traced by
sending a text message with a predefined text. After receiving
that text, the application will operates towards getting the
pilgrims location. The data logging with time framing is also
accomplished by using EEPROM interfaced with a LPC2148
microcontroller. The information will also send to hospitals in
case of pilgrim is in emergency situation with some health
problems. In the second mode, it works E – ticket generator
with RFID technology. It also contains a purchase mode. In
this mode the pilgrim is allowed to purchase any of the things
using a card provided to him/her.
II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This section gives the overview of the different types of
modules we have used, the LCD module for displaying the data
and GSM for sending and receiving the status of the missing
pilgrims, whenever the person realized that he/she missed ,that
time there is a button in android app ,so upon pressing that
button we can easily identify the location of the person
.whenever the button is pressed the GPS will on automatically
ISSN: 2231-5381
and it will track the current location latitude and longitude
values and send to the Mobile number of security manager or
corresponding person.
III. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Power supply
LCD
Module
Keypad
LPC2148
Controller
GSM
Module
RFID
Reader
Fig 1: Block Diagram Description
A. Liquid crystal display:
In this project we have used HITACHI company manufactured
lcd for displaying the required data on the screen .in this
module having total 16 pins.in that pins 8 are for data lines and
most importantly we have 3 pins ,register select ,read /write,
enable. the register select is having two specific functionalities
if it is set it is going to act as a data register if it is clear going
to act as a command register .So by using data register we can
display the names, numbers etc.. On the lcd display. And also
by using command register we can control the lcd operations
like display on, display off, cursor on/off, cursor blinking etc
all these can be done by using some command registers. Next
is read/write pin by using this pin we can read or write to the
lcd is possible, suppose we wanted to write some tittle on the
display by setting this r/w pin as 1 ,suppose we wanted to read
data from the lcd by putting 0 on this pin we can read from the
lcd module. The next is enable by sending high to low pulse to
the controller we are latching the information from the data
lines.
B. GSM Module:
The gsm module used in this project is sim900, by using this
module we are tracking the missing persons by sending
predefined text in the system which is fixed with piligrims.
Otherwise whenever the person notified that he/she in a wrong
way ,we have a button in android app ,whenever that button is
pressed the inbuilt gsm automatically switching on and track
the current location latitude and longitude values sending to the
authorised persons.in the entry gate for every pilgrim details
are taken and also given one RFID card for every person
http://www.ijettjournal.org
Page 411
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 9 – Oct 2014
,whenever the person shows the RFID card the balance will be
reduced from the card and also sends to his mobile that
information regarding the requirement, so that message is the
E-ticket for the entry into the locations.
C. GPS Module:
The GPS module is interfaced with the LPC2148 controller, the
GPS module is always receives information from the satellite
so we are connected in receive mode, the GPS gives the
latitude and longitude values continuously in the GPGGA
sentence. Based on the request time we are comparing the
latitude and longitude values, the extraction of location values
is identity’sand sends those values to the corresponding
person.The extraction of location values is identifying as
follows. The bytes of the data received are compared with the
predefined ($GPGGA) number and if it matches then copying
the values into an array otherwise the process is going to repeat
again. After the stored values in the array are displaying on the
LCD.
D. RFID Module:
The Radio-frequency identification and detection reader is a
device which is used to communicate with the RFID tags by
transmitting and receiving signals. These signals use radio
waves for wireless communication with RFID tag is applied to
products, is to identify and track them. The identification is
based through a unique serial number.in this project we are
using to identifying the missing person details ,based on those
information we can also trace the person by sending text ,the
current text and previous text matches it gives the person
present location.
The Fig 2 describes the overall schematic representation of
project which have several modules interfaced to
Microcontroller.
Specific procedures are as below:
1.First of all check all the hardware connections of the system
and then, apply power supply of 5v to the system.
2. After that the system initializes all the hardware modules
interfaced with the system.
3. The real time tracking system is placed with every pilgrim,
whenever the person feels that he is in wrong place, we have an
android app which is interfaced with our system.
4. Whenever the button is pressed, the GPS automatically turns
on, and tracks the latitude and longitude values.
5. Those latitude and longitude values are sends by using gsm
to the corresponding person.
6. The system also having facility is that, we can support for
eco-friendly environment, by using rechargeable RFID cards.
6. Whenever the person swipes his card, by using gsm the
message will be sent to the particular personmobile, that
message is used as an E-ticket.
V.CONCLUSION
Based on the tracking of pilgrims in missing cases the
tracking system plays an major role, this system is easy to carry
from one place to other and wireless transmission, cheaper in
cost, maintenance is easy, and the efficiency is good, this
experiment adopts self-made message sending to the
corresponding person and automatic switching of GPS, an most
importantly by this system we can create an eco-friendly
environment in the society. Apart from this, maintenance is
simple in structure, easy to operate remotely, we can come to
know the status of the pilgrim by sending predefined text, and
every time there is an automatic display and wireless
transmission
VI .REFERENCES
[1].
Desong wang, “user identification based on fingervein patterns for consumer electronics devices,” IEEE paper.
[2].
Mulyona D, Jinn HS. ,” A study of finger vein
biometric for personal identification.” International symposium
on Biometrics and Security technologies 2008.
[3].
A.K.Jain, A. Ross, “An Introduction to Biometrics
Recognition,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and systems.
[4].
Zhang W, Wang Y (2002) Core-based structure
matching algorithm of fingerprint verification. In: Proceedings
of the IEEE international conference on pattern recognition,
1:70–74
[5].
Montesinos P, Alquier L (1996) Perceptual
organization of thin networks with active contour functions
applied to medical and aerial images. In Proceedings of
ICPR’96, Vienna, Austria, pp 25–30
Fig 2: Schematic Diagram of overall project
ISSN: 2231-5381
[6].
Jain AK, Ross A, Pankanti S (1999) A prototype hand
geometry-based verification system. In: Proceedings of the 2nd
http://www.ijettjournal.org
Page 412
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 9 – Oct 2014
international conference on audio- and video-based biometric
person authentication. Washington DC, pp 166–171
[7].
S. Peleg and J. Naor, “Multiple resolution texture
analysis and classification”, IEEE Transactions on Pattern
Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.6, no.4, pp.518- 523,
1984.
VII. AUTHOR DETAILS
Mankala
Sowmya,
Pursuing Mtech (ES) from
Visvesvaraya College of
Engineering
and
Technology
(VCET),
M.P.Patelguda,
Ibrahimpatnam,
RangaReddy,
Telangana,
INDIA
B.Santosh Kumar,working
as Assistant Professor &
HOD(ECE)
from
Visvesvaraya College of
Engineering
and
Technology
(VCET),
M.P.Patelguda,Ibrahimpatna
m, RangaReddy, Telangana,
INDIA.He Pursuing Ph.D in
Wireless Communications .
He has morethan nine years
of Experience in Teaching
Field.
ISSN: 2231-5381
http://www.ijettjournal.org
Page 413