International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 3 – Oct 2014
An Implementation of Green Wave System for
Emergency and Stolen Vehicles
B. Pavitra 1, B Santosh Kumar 2
1
pursuing M.Tech (ES) , 2Assistant Professor & HOD (ECE Department)
1,2
Visvesvaraya College of Engineering and Technology (VCET), M.P.Patelguda, Ibrahimpatnam , RangaReddy, Telangana,
INDIA
Abstract— the main aim of this paper is to develop a green
wave system for emergency and stolen vehicles. In these
days we know the traffic is more in the rush hours and we
may strike in the traffic for a while. Where coming to the
point in the case of emergency vehicles like ambulances,
VIP vehicles also may wait in the signal for a long time
until the red signal turns into green signal. This may also
leads to loss of human lives because of not reaching their
destinations in proper time. To overcome this problems we
are implementing a new trend technology by categorizing
the vehicles mainly into three type’s namely High priority,
Normal, Stolen vehicles we may also increase the category
depending up on the priorities. Here we are making a
setup of GREEN WAVE by identifying the which type of
vehicle is in the traffic if the vehicle is a high priority one
and then if the signal is in red it automatically turns into
green by giving way to that vehicle here we are making an
arrangement at every traffic signal for monitoring the
high priority vehicle and also we are fitting a GPS at every
traffic signal because in the case of stolen vehicles we want
to trace them we also use the same green wave setup. Thus
we implement this setup for both the emergency vehicles
and stolen vehicles.
II. SYSTEM STRUCTRE AND BLOCK DIAGRAM
The block diagram of the project is shown below in
Fig.1. The system consists of RFID reader, RFID tag, GSM
and GPS. Here we are using a high frequency RFID reader to
cover a wide area of the traffic. The RFID Tag is embedded
into the dash board of the vehicle. During the registration of
the vehicle the RFID Tag is provided with the details of the
vehicle model, unique ID number and its category is stored.
The priority of the vehicle is categorised with the help of the
alphabetic character suppose for a stolen vehicle the character
is ‘T’ and the RFID readers are fixed at every junctions on top
of the road. The reader read the data of the Tags and checks
the appropriate Tag with the data base present in the main
system. The database of the main system is also updated with
the help of GSM also.
RFID
READER
Micro
controller
Keywords-- Green wave, Emergency vehicles, traffic
signals.
I. INTRODUCTION
This project is very cost efficient and very useful to clear the
traffic for the emergency vehicles and also for the police
department to identify the stolen vehicles quickly. Here we are
using a high frequency cost efficient Radio Frequency
Identification technology for detecting the emergency vehicle
in the traffic. Here every vehicle is attached with a RFID Tag
on the top of it in the manufacturing itself. And this Tag
contains all the details of the vehicle like chaises number
serial number and the priority assigned to it. In this project we
are using high speed micro controller, Global Positioning
System (GPS) to track the location and GSM to transmit and
receive the message. In earlier days we are using the Image
processing to identify the stolen vehicles by number plate
recognition. But this system has so many drawbacks like bad
weather conditions and noise in the image and distortion. To
overcome these problems we are using RFID technology
which works in any kind of weather conditions.
ISSN: 2231-5381
POLICE
CONTROL
ROOM
TRAFFIC
SIGNAL
CONTROL
CENTER
GSM
MODULE
DATA
BASE
RTO DATA
BASE
RFID
TAGS
Fig.1 System Structure
In the below table-1 the database present in the RTO’s main
system is shown and there are divided into four parts.
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 3 – Oct 2014
Table 1: BLOCK OF DATABASE
Unique ID
Category
Priority
xxxxx
Emergency
HP
Location
code
XXX
xxxxx
Stolen
MP
XXX
xxxxx
Normal
L
XXX
III.
SYSTEM FEATURES
A. Categories
The main system consists of main three categories of vehicles
they are Emergency, Stolen, and Normal. Depends up on the
requirement we can change the category levels of the vehicles
with the help of the Gsm module interfaced to the main
system as shown in Fig.1.
B. Priority of Vehicle
There are three priority levels for the vehicles which are
defined in the main system namely high, medium, low. For
the stolen vehicles the priority is set to ‘M’.
C. Update of database dynamically through SMS
The database of the main system is updated with the help of
GSM module. Thus we can change the category and priority
of the vehicle in few seconds only with the help of SMS.
D. Traffic Monitoring
At the traffic signal we are always monitoring the vehicles and
receive data from the vehicle and the data received is checked
with data present in the database and perform the operation
what we have written for it.
E. Sensing the Direction of the stolen vehicles
For the purpose of sensing the direction where the stolen
vehicle is moving we employ the readers on top of the road at
certain height. If the stolen vehicle comes in to the range of
the reader it automatically sends a message to the police
department regarding where it is present.
IV.
consist of unique Identification number. When the vehicle is
registered and gets the license plate number, the total data of
the vehicle is stored in the database along with their category
either the vehicle is ‘Normal’ or ‘Emergency’ one. Then after
the category may be changed from the first one to other
category.
C. Base Station
Here the base station consists of a microcontroller unit and it
consists of all the information in its database. The database
can be access with the help of a GSM module connected to it.
By sending a SMS the database can be updated. The database
can also be updated manually also. The RFID readers
connected to the base station keep on tracking the Tag’s
unique ID number to the microcontroller unit. The micro
controller unit check the category and priority of the vehicle in
the data base and sends the output to the traffic signals and
also to the police department if there is any stolen vehicle is
detected.
D. User interface for Emergency Vehicle
In this we are also providing an interactive interface with the
vehicle, where the driver of the emergency vehicle can update
the priority of vehicle. In most of the cases, if there is no
patient in the vehicle, its default priority level is set to Low.
And in the case of emergency the user of the vehicle can set
vehicle priority to medium or high as the requirement of the
user. This is done by sending a SMS to the GSM interfaced to
the database.
V. FLOW CHART OF SYSTEM SOFTWARE
The below flow charts give the basic algorithm of the software
developed for the total system. In the Fig. 2, the category
‘high’ of the vehicle is denoted by “HP” and ‘medium’ is
denoted by “MP”. And in Fig 3, the category of the vehicle
stolen is denoted by “MP”. The category high has a priority
over the medium. When an event of two vehicles approaching
towards a traffic light junction simultaneously from opposite
sides, then the priority will be given to the vehicle whose
priority is defined as high . If both the vehicles have registered
for the high priority, the system will serve the vehicles on first
come first serve basis.
SYSTEM HARDWARE
The complete system consists of the following parts
A. RFID Readers
High frequency RFID readers are fixed above the roads at
every traffic signal system in all the directions in such that it
covers the entire area under the reader.
B. RFID Transponders/Tags
Passive RFID transponders/Tags are embedded inside every
vehicle at the time of manufacturing. These RFID Tags
ISSN: 2231-5381
In the Fig. 2, first the driver of the vehicle sets the destination
point where as to reach and sets the priority of the vehicle
with the help of the GSM via message. When the vehicle
reaches the traffic signal the RFID reader present on top of the
road tracks the vehicle if it is an emergency vehicle or normal
vehicle. Then it automatically turns the signal ON to green if
it is in red. If the priority of the vehicle is ‘M’ or ‘H’ then it
takes action according to it. The priority of the vehicle is
updated with the help of GSM which is connected to the main
system. When the vehicle passes through the traffic signal the
signal automatically comes to its normal working condition. If
the priority is not set then it automatically be in the normal
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 3 – Oct 2014
category only. For detection of stolen vehicles the flow chart
is shown in Fig.3. When the vehicle is lost the user of the
vehicle files a complaint regarding the stolen of his vehicle.
Then after the police department sends a SMS to the main
system regarding the update in the category of the vehicle and
the priority is set to ‘M’. When the stolen vehicle comes into
the range of the RFID then automatically the GPS module
tracks the location where the signal is present and forwards a
message to the consult police department regarding the
location and details of that vehicle. Then after police
department trace the vehicle. If the RFID reader did not track
the unique ID number the program is goes in searching of the
priority of the vehicle. The flow chart for the detection of the
stolen is shown below and the development of the software for
this project plays a crucial role in implementing the desired
output of the program.
Fig 3: Flow chart of Green Wave system
Fig 2: Flow chart of system programming steps
ISSN: 2231-5381
Here we are employing a high speed micro controller named
as LPC2148 with ARM7 architecture to do the prototype
module of the project. RFID reader with Tags along with 16x2
LCD module to view the category of the vehicle. The
categories of the vehicle are distinguished with the different
unique number Tags. The traffic model there are three LED’s
two red LED’s and one green led. Here we are using one red
and one green led for the traffic signal and one red led for the
indication of the stolen vehicle if it is found in that particular
traffic signal. Here we are using the LCD for displaying the
category of the vehicle. The code is written in embedded C on
the Kiel cross compiler and burned into the microcontroller
with the help of USB to Serial convertor by using Flash magic
software. Here we are using three toy Vehicles for a
demonstration and the RFID Tags are fitted to each vehicle
and we are using a Low frequency RFID reader which is
connected to the microcontroller. When the RFID Tags are
taken in to the range of the RFID reader it receives the data
from the Tag and displays the priority and category on the
LCD. When the Priority of the vehicle is high then the red led
which is glowing turns into green. When the stolen vehicle
enters into the range then the red led light starts blinking
indicating that a stolen vehicle is present in the signal . The
main drawback of this prototype is that if one or the other
vehicle approaches i.e. at the same time we put the tags on the
RFID, the LCD module goes blank and it does not detect any
of the vehicles hence the reader does not support anti-collision
feature. The main system uses low frequency tags and readers.
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 3 – Oct 2014
So we get a low range of operation that is just 4 to 5 cm.
Hence to resolve all these issues which are mentioned above
we used readers with anti-collision feature. And also increase
the overall range of the system. By implementing the above
mentioned techniques, the major drawback of the prototype
was resolved.
IX. AUTHOR DETAILS
VI.
RESULTS AND CONLUSION
After the code is programed into the controller and powered
up then the RFID waits for the vehicle which come into its
range and execute the code by operating the traffic lights and
also indicate the stolen vehicle which comes into its range on
the other hand it is also displayed on the LCD regarding the
category of the vehicle. Here we are developing a
conventional system for the efficient usage of the traffic and
for the emergency conditions.
VII.ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We are thankful to The Omnipotent GOD for making us able
to do something. We express our gratitude to Dr. R.C Joshi,
Chancellor of Graphic Era University, for guiding us all the
way. We also thank E & C Department of Graphic Era
University for providing labs to develop this prototype.
Finally, we thank the authors whose research papers helped us
in developing this system.
B.PAVITRA, Pursuing Mtech
(ES)
from
Visvesvaraya
College of Engineering and
Technology
(VCET),
M.P.Patelguda,
Ibrahimpatnam, RangaReddy,
Telangana, INDIA
B.Santhosh Kumar, working
as Assistant Professor & HOD
(ECE
Department)
from
Visvesvaraya
College
of
Engineering and Technology,
M.P.Patelguda,Ibrahimpatnam,
RangaReddy. He obtained
Ph.D
in
Wireless
Communications.He
has
morethan nine years of
Experience in Teaching Field.
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