International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 10 Number 4 - Apr 2014
Substation Phase Controller
Deepa Chavan#1, Ms. Mahejabeen Ilkal*2
#
Assistant Professor, M.Tech (Digital Communication) Department of ECE, SIET, Bijapur, India
*
Student, B.E (ECE), Department of ECE, SIET, Bijapur, India.
ABSTRACT
Now a day’s the human life is fully depend on
the electricity. Without this they can’t survive the life.
Electricity is very need full in Domestic, Industries and
Agriculture fields. So our power generation stations are
not able to produce that much of power to supply as
per the human requirements. So for avoiding this
problem, they will supply power in shift wise. That one
they called as load shedding.
For example in agriculture field, all the water
lifting pumps are work on three phase power, but our
electricity board is not capable to supply the three
phase power in all the 24 hours. So they will supply this
power in shift wise to the all village. Through this
system they will share the power. But this one thy will
maintain manually. But some time man power is not
sufficient to maintain it.
So for avoiding this problem in substation, we have
done one project that is “SUB STATION PHASE
CONTROLLER”.
INDEXTERM:
III. SYSTEM WORKING PRINCIPLE AND
IMPLEMENTATION
This project consists, GSM and LCD display.
Which are interfaced with microcontroller 8051.The
process of changing the phase of electricity starts with
selecting the mode of operation, we can select either
automatic timing mode or normal mode, and if auto mode
is selected then we must specify time for which particular
phase electricity should be supplied. These modes are
select by the virtual key pad. And also selected modes are
displayed in the LCD display unit, these all changes are
transmitted to the particular mobile phone as a SMS alerts,
through the GSM module. For the indication of single and
three phase electricity we use bulbs and these bulbs are
switch ON and OFF through the relay and these relays are
operated by the relay driver circuit.
IV.BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION:
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SUBSTATION,
MICROCONTROLLER ,
GSM.
I. INTRODUCTION
The main aim of the project is to change the
phase of electricity supplied from substation to different
villages i.e. from single phase to three phase and vice versa
and also to provide antitheft mechanism using GSM alert
system.
Substations are the stations under which several
villages are combined and electricity is controlled from this
station. In villages there is no need of continues supply of 3
phase electricity because there no much industrial area but
they also required 3phase for irrigation purpose i.e for
water supply through motor pumps hence substation gives
for small amount of time 3phase as per the timing and most
of time single phase is given. For this changing the phases
for different villages in the substation there is junior
engineer. By making use of this project we can change
phase by automatically or manually and also we can catch
corrupted officers who are working in the substation.
II. BLOCK DIAGRAM
GSM
Module
Max
232
Power
Supply
driver
circuit
Relay
Load
Micro
Controller
89C51
driver
circuit
Relay
Load
A. COMPONENTS
Microcontroller
LCD display
Solid state relay
MAX 232 IC
GSM Module
Driver circuit
Relays
 MICRO CONTROLLER UNIT:
Microcontroller is the brain of the project, it will run
according to the program has to be written, here we have
used as an 89C51RD2BN microcontroller.
 LCD DISPLAY:
In this project we are using 16*2 LCD display which
shows the selection for automatic mode or manual mode
operations and also which phase we have to choose and if
we chosen the automatic mode it will display that for what
time duration we want that particular phase which is given
by keypad.
 SOLID STATE RELAY :
In this relay there is no coil, spring, or mechanical
contact switch, the entire relay is made up of
semiconductor material because no mechanical parts are
involved in solid state relays, their switching response time
is much faster than that of electromagnetic relay. So we
can use this solid state relay to trip on and trip off the
electricity.
Key
Pad
LCD
Display
driver
circuit
Fig1: Block Diagram of the system
ISSN: 2231-5381
Relay
Load
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MAX 232 IC:
MAX 232 IC, which is used to communicate between
microcontroller and the GSM modem. It transfers the data
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 10 Number 4 - Apr 2014
to GSM & from the µ-controller unit. This unit converts
microcontrollers TTL signals into RS232 signal type as the
GSM modem needs RS232 signals.
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GSM MODULES:
GSM,
which
stands
for Global System
for Mobile communications, reigns as the world’s
most widely used cell phone technology. Cell phones use a
cell phone service carrier’s GSM network by searching for
cell phone towers in the nearby area. GSM circuit receives
message and give it to the microcontroller, then
microcontroller sends the appropriate message to
HESCOM using GSM module.
B. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
 Operating voltage of embedded circuitry is 5vdc.
 Current consumption of device in active mode
200mill amp.
 Operating frequency of device is 11.0592MHZ.
V. MICROCONTROLLER
CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer are all on a single chip
fix amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, I/O ports for
applications in which cost, power and space are critical
single-purpose
A. FEATURES:
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Compatible with MCS-51tm Products.
8K byte of in system re-programmable flash
memory.
Endurance: 1000 write / Erase cycle.
Fully static operation.
3 Level program memorial clocks.
256 X 8 bit internal RAM.
32 programmable I/O Line.
3-16 bit timer/Counter.
8-Interupt Source.
Programmable serial channel.
Low power, Ideal and Power down modes.
Four register Banks each containing 8 registers
VI. GSM MODEM HARDWARE
features GPRS multi-slot class 10/ class 8 (optional) and
supports the GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and
CS-4.
You can use AT Command to get information in SIM
card. The SIM interface supports the functionality of the
GSM Phase 1 specification and also supports the
functionality of the new GSM Phase 2+ specification for
FAST 64 kbps SIM (intended for use with a SIM
application Tool-kit).Both 1.8V and 3.0V SIM Cards are
Supported. The SIM interface is powered from an internal
regulator in the module having nominal voltage 2.8V. All
pins reset as outputs driving low. Logic levels are as
described in table
Network status indication LED lamp
State SIM300 function
Off - SIM300 is not running
64ms On/ 0.8 sec Off - SIM300 does not find the
network
64ms On/ 3 Sec Off - SIM300 find the network
64ms On/ 0.3 sec Off - GPRS communication
VII. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
A. SYSTEM ALGORITHM
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Start
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Serial port initialization
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GSM initialization
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Select mode of operation
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If manual mode wait for keys.
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Change the phase manually
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Send respective SMS
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If auto mode
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Specify the time duration
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Change phase automatically
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Send respective SMS
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Reset
This document describes the hardware interface of the
SIMCOM SIM300 module that connects to the specific
application and the air interface. As SIM300 can be
integrated with a wide range of applications, all functional
components of SIM300 are described in great detail.
A. PRODUCT CONCEPT
Designed for global market, SIM300 is a Tri-band
GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies EGSM 900
MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS 1900 MHz. SIM300
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 10 Number 4 - Apr 2014
VIII. ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATION
A. ADVANTAGES
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It saves time.
No need to operate manually.
Compact and low cost.
Theft of electricity can b controlled.
B. Application
 It can be used in industries.
 It can be used apartments.
IX. CONCLUSION
By implementing this project in substation we can easily
control and change phase of electricity from single phase to
three phase and vice versa by selecting auto mode or
manual mode. And also by making use of automatic
change of phase of electricity we can reduce man power.
Since alerts of changing the phase of electricity is sent to
head office through GSM module by which head officer
will come to know changes in phases of electricity in the
respective substation and hence theft of electricity and
corrupt officers in respective substation can be known
easily.
REFERENCES
Fi g : 2 . F l o w c ha r t of t h e s y st e m
ISSN: 2231-5381
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[2]
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Substations Using Microcontroller Based Monitoring System.IJRRAS 4
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