International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 28 Number 4 - October 2015
Traffic Alert System using VANET
Aniket Giriyalkar*, Khushboo Goyal**
*(Department of Information Technology, Mumbai University, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi
Mumbai-400706.)
** (Department of Information Technology, Mumbai University, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi
Mumbai-400706)
Abstract- In this project, we use VANET (Vehicular
Ad-Hoc Network) as a platform to describe a
wireless communication between vehicles. This new
system will notify the vehicle well ahead of an
incident happening in the nearby location, so that the
vehicle can choose an alternate route based on the
provided information. The Android application
“Trust Model” is created for evaluating the trust
factor which is calculated based on the ratings given
by its users. Better the ratings the more legitimate is
the news from the source thus preventing anyone
from posting hoax updates. Goal of this project is to
create a simulation of VANET for an urban city
scenario which can be used for testing purposes. This
simulation is done using Matlab.
Keywords- Matlab, Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks,
Trust Model, Android application.
I. INTRODUCTION
Vehicular communication systems are a type
of network in which vehicles and roadside units are
the communicating nodes, providing each other with
information, such as safety warnings and traffic
information. Vehicular communication systems
(VCS) can be more effective in avoiding accidents
and traffic congestions than if each vehicle tries to
solve these problems individually. Two main type of
communications are Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)
Communication and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I)
communication. Advantage and Usage of VCS are
Information sharing, Co-operative driving, and other
value added services like Navigation, internet access
etc. In Latin, ad hoc literally means "for this,"
meaning "for this special purpose" and also, by
extension, improvised or impromptu.ad-hoc means to
a system of network elements that combine to form a
network requiring little or no planning .
Communication between V2V and V2I are ―ad-hoc"
in nature. This special kind of communication
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network is known as ―Vehicular Ad-hoc Network
(VANET)‖.
App stores for mobile devices are continuously
growing and the number of proposed applications
grows day by day. Android is currently the mobile
platform with the largest market share and its official
market, Google Play, hosts hundreds of thousands of
applications that are continuously published by
developers. Users browse app-stores to choose and
install applications on their smartphones or tablets,
either for free or paying the app’s price established
by the developer. We create a Trust model which
evaluates the trust factor of the source from which
information is received. Trust models are used to
ensure that the alert is coming from a legitimate
source in order to avoid spams from unwanted users.
MATLAB supports developing applications with
graphical user interface features. High level language
for technical computing stands for MATrix
LABoratory. Everything is a matrix - easy to do
linear algebra.
II. PROPOSED MODEL
The main goal of this paper was to reduce the
inconsistencies existing in the current system. For
this we use a Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network, or VANET
which is a technology that uses moving vehicles as
nodes in a network to create a mobile network.
VANET turns every participating vehicle into a
wireless router or node, allowing vehicles
approximately 100 to 300 meters of each other to
connect and, in turn, create a network with a wide
range. VANET can be used to build simulative
models of various VANET system test-cases that are
generally built using network simulators without
proper GUI support. MATLAB offers rich set of
functionalities which reduces the development time
for the framework necessary for carrying out tests.
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 28 Number 4 - October 2015
A. Common VANET entities:
There are many entities involved in a VANET
settlement and deployment. Although the vast
majority of VANET nodes are vehicles, there are
other entities that perform basic operations in these
networks. Several different entities are usually
assumed to exist in VANETs. To understand the
internals and related security issues of these
networks, it is necessary to analyze such entities and
their relationships.
Figure 1 VANET model
As seen on Figure, two different environments are
generally considered in VANETs: Infrastructure
environment in which, entities can be permanently
interconnected. It is mainly composed by those
entities that manage the traffic or offer an external
service. On one hand, manufacturers are sometimes
considered within the VANET model. As part of the
manufacturing process, they identify uniquely each
vehicle. On the other hand, the legal authority is
commonly present in VANET models. Despite the
different regulations on each country, it is habitually
related to two main tasks - vehicle registration and
offence reporting. Every vehicle in an administrative
region should get registered once manufactured. As a
result of this process, the authority issues a license
plate which is unique for everybody. Trusted Third
Parties (TTP) are also present in this environment.
They offer different services like credential
management or timestamping. Both manufacturers
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and the authority are related to TTPs because they
eventually need their services (for example, for
issuing electronic credentials). Service providers are
also considered in VANETs. They offer services that
can be accessed through the VANET. LocationBased Services (LBS) or Digital Video Broadcasting
(DVB) are two examples of such services.
B. Ad-hoc environment:
In this part of the network, sporadic (ad-hoc)
communications are established from vehicles. From
the VANET point of view, they are equipped with
three different devices. Firstly, they are equipped
with a communication unit (OBU, On-Board Unit)
that enables Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicleto-Infrastructure (V2I, I2V) communications. They
have a set of sensors to measure their own status (e.g.
fuel consumption) and its environment (e.g. slippery
road, safety distance). These sensorial data can be
shared with other vehicles to increase their awareness
and improve road safety. Finally, a Trusted Platform
Module (TPM) is often mounted on vehicles. These
devices are especially interesting for security
purposes, as they offer reliable storage and
computation. They usually have a reliable internal
clock and are supposed to be tamper-resistant or at
least tamper-evident. In this way, sensitive
information e.g. user credentials or pre-crash
information) can be reliably stored.
C.
Trust Model:
We create an android app for trust model, which is
used as factor for deciding whether the information is
genuine or is a hoax. This application works on the
information (news or alert) shared by the user and
asks for ratings from other users to confirm the
truthfulness of the shared information. The rating is
given on a scale of 1star to 5stars.Any rating above 3
or equal to 3stars can be considered as an information
which can be trusted. So all the ratings which are
below 3 stars should not be given that much of
importance as it may be considered a false or
misleading information.
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 28 Number 4 - October 2015
4.
Figure 2 Rating Scale
D. MATLAB:
We write codes in MATLAB to demonstrate the
common scenarios of VANET. Following are the
four different models for basic conditions of VANET
which we demonstrate are:
1.
VANET Nodes at intersection:
The goal here is to demonstrate utility of sequential
MATLAB operation to recreate near real time
coordinates despite the lack of parallel computing.
The interaction between the two vehicles on a pair of
intersecting roads is plotted. The nodes on each
segment can interact with each other. This model
assumes random points of origin for both the nodes
with independent velocities.
2.
VANET Nodes at Single Road-Side Units:
This model is similar to a cellular base station trying
to provide range for traveling mobile node. The
model allows user to configure the range of the RSU.
The communication platform facilitated by this
model can be used to test the connection mechanisms
between mobile VANET nodes and the stationary
RSU which will act as hub or central controller for
the given region.
3.
VANET Nodes Passing Across RSUs
This is similar to handover of mobile nodes from one
base station to another in cellular networks. But there
is no central Mobile Switching Center to coordinate
the transfer of mobile VANET node from one
roadside infrastructure unit to another roadside
infrastructure unit. This model could be used to study
mechanisms that involve continuous connection
maintenance over large distances in VANET systems.
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Urban Scale Model and Random Node
Generation
This model doesn't allow user to create a custom road
but instead offers an entire network of roads which is
modelled and used by the nodes to populate and
simulate. The direction of the nodes is randomly
chosen at the time of their generation. This Network
shows that the models created using MATLAB can
be used for studying various aspects of VANET
systems. In this model the nodes are formed in
rectangular format representing the house on the
block. This model offers an entire network of roads
which is modelled and used by the nodes to populate
and simulate. The rectangular roadway structure is
occupied by nodes which are generated using in-built
random function in matlab.
III. FUTURE SCOPE
In the next years, vehicles will be equipped with
multi interface cards, as well as sensors, both on
board and externally. With an increasing number of
vehicles equipped with on-board. Smart Vehicles,
Technologies and Main Applications in Vehicular Ad
hoc Networks wireless devices (e.g.,UMTS, IEEE
802.11p, Bluetooth, etc.) and sensors (e.g., radar,
ladar, etc.),efficient transport and management
applications are focusing on optimizing flows of
vehicles by reducing the travel time ad avoiding any
traffic congestions. As an instance, the on-board
vehicle radar could be used to sense traffic
congestions and automatically slow the vehicle. In
other accident warning systems, sensors are used to
determine that a crash occurred if air bags were
deployed; this information is then relayed via V2V or
V2I within the vehicular network. Forgetting
traditional vehicles, in the next few years we will
drive smart —intelligent—vehicles, with a set of
novel functionalities (e.g., data communications and
sharing, positioning information, sensor equipment,
etc.). It is then necessary that for specific applications
(i.e., safety messages and alerts, gossip-based
applications, etc.) the majority of mobile vehicles
within a vehicular network be equipped with onboard wireless device, namely On-Board equipment
(OBU).
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 28 Number 4 - October 2015
IV. CONCLUSION
V. REFRENCES
The existing system has a communication gap with
respect to the events occurring in the nearby regions.
To reduce this inconsistency in the system, we use
VANET as a platform to describe a wireless
communication between vehicles. This new system
will notify the vehicle well ahead of an incident
happening in the nearby location, so that the vehicle
can choose an alternate route. Notifications can
include road traffic information, road blockage, Work
In Progress alerts, natural calamity alerts and weather
report. For these notifications an application can be
developed with an added trust model which will give
the trust factor rating for the event. This trust factor
will help the vehicle to authenticate the alert and
validate the report. Thus this system will help to
remove the ambiguity among the road traffic system.
The advantage that MATLAB offers is that it is
widely available, continuously updated and has a
wider reach. The lack of parallel threads as it was
observed does not diminish the utility of the tool for
building up models for VANET system tests.
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