International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology- Volume2Issue3- 2011
Performance Test of CI Engine with Different
Vegetable Oil as a Fuel
Mr.Paresh K. Kasundra ¹ *, Prof. Ashish V. Gohil²,
¹ M.E.[ Mechanical (Cryogenic)], Assistant Professor-Mechanical Engineering Department
B.H.Gardi College of Engineering & Technology, Gardi Vidyapith
² Ph.d.[ Production engineering], Associate Professor & H.O.D -Production Engineering Department
L.E. College, Morbi.
Abstract-
Key word: - biodiesel, vegetable oil, diesel engine
Today, the diesel engine is still capable of
performance.
running on “biodiesel” fuel, which can be produced
from a variety of renewable sources, including
soyabean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed
oil, and animal fats. These sources can be obtained
from agricultural feedstocks or by recycling used oil
such as cooking grease. Biodiesel is usable in it’s
pure form known as “neat biodiesel” or B100. In
addition, it is available in various blends with
petrodiesel, the most common of which is known as
B20(20
percent
biodiesel
and
80
percent
petrodiesel).it is also used in smaller percentage as
a lubricating fuel additives.
and its ease of translation to biodiesel help to save
large expenses done on import of petroleum
products and monetary growth of country. Biodiesel
also generates enormous rural employment and
degraded lands can be restored due to plantation of
oil plants which help in reducing greenhouse
gasses. in this paper we discuss & compare
with different vegetable oil as a fuel.
I. INTRODUCTION
Engi n e
P e rfo r man c e
Di e s el
Wi th
V eg et a bl e Oi l s
No w
as
i n ve st i g at i v e
ef f or t
is
ma d e
to
a d d re ss t he pe rf o r ma nc e c h ar ac t e ri st i c s of
ve g e t ab l e oi l s f u e l s w h e n u s e d i n a d i e s el
e n g i n e. Th e c ri t eri a b e h i n d se l ec t i o n o f a
t e st
e ng i n e
is
t h at
it
should
r e pr e s e nt
e n g i n e s c u rr e n t l y i n w i d e u se i n a g ri c u l t ure
a n d i n d u st ri a l e q ui p m e n t a n d e n gi n e s t h at
a r e e xp e ct e d t o b e m o s t se n s i t i ve t o f u el
Copious resource of vegetable oil in India
different performance parameters of
1.
C.I. engine
p r o pe rt i e s. He nc e en gi ne u s e d b y B a r si c a nd
Hu mk e
in
bo t h
t h ei r
e xp e ri m e n t s
was
a
si n g l e c yl i n d e r n at ur a l l y a sp i r at e d DI e n gi n e.
E n gi n e p e rf orm a nc e i s i n f l ue nc e d b y b a s i c
d i f f er e nc e b et w e e n d i e s el f ue l a n d ve g et a b le
o i l su c h a s c a l ori f i c va l ue , vi sc o si t y, d e n s i t y
and
m ol ec ul a r
o xy g e n
co nt e n t .
Hi g h er
d e n s i t i e s c a u s e s a n i n c r ea se i n o b s er v ed
m a s s f l o w of f u e l a t a g i ve n i nj e ct i o n p um p
se t t i n g s. A n d t h e f u el f l ow al s o i nc r e a s e s a s
i nt er n al p u m p l e a k a g e s r e du c e du e t o hi gh
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology- Volume2Issue3- 2011
vi sc o si t y. E n gi n e p e rf o rm a n c e at m a xi m um

f u e l d e l i v er y, eq u al e n e rg y d el i v e r y an d a t
I ndi c a t ed
Th e r mal
Sp ec i fi c
Fu el
Co ns ump ti on
p a rt l o a d i s di s c u ss e d b e l ow , t he f ue l u sed
B e ca u s e
of
l ow er
h ea t i n g
val u e s
of
a r e Su nf l o we r o i l , Pe a n ut o i l an d S o ya b ean
ve g e t ab l e oi l s i t h a s b e e n o b se r ve d t h at
o i l [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 8] .
va l u e s of I SFC w e r e hi gh e r w i t h ve g et a b le
2 . En gi n e P e rfo rman c e At Equ a l En ergy
o i l s t h en w i t h d i e s el f ue l .
D e l i v e r y And P a rt Lo ad
Al t h o ug h p e rf o r ma n ce of a n u n a l t er e d e n gi ne

with
ve ge t a bl e
c o n si d er a t i on
oil
of
f u el
the
is
u s e r,
Th e r ma l Ef fi c i e n c y
a
pri m a ry
B e ca u s e
of
c a l o ri f i c
the
e n gi ne
i ndi c a t e d
t he rm a l
va l u e
ef f i c i e nc y
di f f er e nc e,
is
a
m ore
p e rf or ma n c e a n al ys e s c a n o nl y b e ma d e by
re l e v a nt pa ra m e t e r t h an I SF C f o r a s se ss i ng
e q u al e n er g y d el i v er y a s i t b e st i d e n t i f i e s t he
t h e en gi n e’ s c a p a bi l i t y t o b ur n t h e ve g et a b le
b a si c c o n s um pt i o n e f f i ci e nc y. Eq u al e n er gy
o i l ef f i ci e nt l y . I t w a s o b ser v e d b y B ar si c a nd
d e l i ve r y m ea n s s u p pl y i n g e q u al a mo u nt o f
Hu mk e
e n e rg y f rom bo t h v e g e t abl e oi l an d di e se l
decreases
fuel.
ve g e t ab l e o i l [ 6, 7 ] .
H e nc e
s om e
e n gi n e
pe rf o rm a nce
t h at
t h e rm a l
with
ef f i c i e n c y
i n c re a si ng
ge n er al l y
p e rc en t a g e
of
c o m p ari s o n s f or dif f e r en t f u el s w e r e ma d e a t

e q u al f u el e n er g y r at e s. [ 3 , 4, 5, 8 ]
E xh au st t emp e ra tu r e
I nc r e a se s i n e xh a u s t t e mp e rat u re s ar e al so

Fu e l Fl ow R at e s
a n i n di c at i v e o f l ow e r e n gi n e p e rf orm a nc e
I t w a s o b se rv e d a n d c a n b e s ee n i n Fi g 2. 1
b e c au s e t h e l o w e r he at r el e a s e ra t e s a nd
that
re t a rd e d h e a t rel e a s e a ss o c i at e d wi t h l ow er
f u el
ma ss
flow
r at e
i n c r ea se d
w i th
g r e a t er f ra c t i on o f ve g et a bl e o i l s i n f u e l ,
t h erm al
ef f i c i en c y
c o nt ri b ut e
to
hi g h er
l ow e r c a l o ri f i c v al u e o f v eg e t a bl e o i l s t han
e xh a u s t t e m p er at ur e s. Fi g 2 . 3 gi v e s t r e n d s
d i e se l r e su l t ed i n c o n s t an t i n p u t of e ne r g y.
f or e xh a u st t em p er at u r e v e r se s p e rc e nt a ge
of ve g et a bl e o i l . Th e se t re n d s a re c o n si st e nt

I ndi c at ed Pow e r
wi t h
A t f u l l l o a d e qu al e n er g y i n p ut l e v el s, t he
lower
p ow e r
and
l ow er
t h er m al
ef f i c i e nc y t r e n d s of ve g e t abl e oi l s.
i nd i ca t e d p ow e r d i f f er e n c e s w e r e sl i g h t w hen
a l l of t h e f u el co m bi n at i o n s w e re c o mp a red
Si mi l ar t r e n d s a re ob se r v e d i f e n gi n e i s run
a s c a n b e s e e n i n Fi g 2. 2 . A t m o s t m e d i um
o n p art l o a d. Fi g 2 . 4 sh ow s m a ss f u el f l ow
l oa d
p oi n t ,
ra t e s a n d e n gi n e p ow e r o ut pu t a s a f u n ct i on
t h e r e w er e s l i g h t p ow er o u t p u t d i f f er e nce
of f u el e n er g y i n p ut (p a rt l o a d d a t a ) at 2 2 00
a m o n g t h e f u e l s t e st e d. S i m i l a r t r e n d s w ere
rp m
o b se r v e d f or l i g ht l o ad e q u al e n e rg y i n p u t
so y a b e a n o i l a s c o m p a r ed t o d i e se l f u e l [ 7] .
e q u al
e ne rg y
i n p ut
o pe r at i n g
f or
crude
an d
d e g u mm e d
c r u de
t e st s.
Fi g
2.5
s h ow s
co mp a ri so n
of
i nd i ca t ed
sp e ci f i c f u el co n s u m pt i o n , i n di c at e d t h er m al
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology- Volume2Issue3- 2011
ef f i c i e n c y , an d e xh a u st g a s t e m pe r at ur e a s a
800
f u n ct i o n
and
700
d e g um m e d c r u d e s o y a b e a n o i l a n d di e se l
600
f u e l [ 7] .
500
of
e n er g y
input
for
c ru d e
Sunflower
oil(full load)
Peanut oil(full
load)
Sunflower oil
(medium load)
400
6
5
4
Sunflower
oil(full load)
300
Peanut oil(full
load)
100
0
0
Sunflower oil
(medium load)
3
Peanut
oil(medium
load)
Sunflower
oil(light load)
2
1
0
0
50
100
Peanut oil(light
load)
Fi g. 2 . 1 Eff e c t on M a ss Fl ow Ra t e( k g/ h)
w i th Ch ang e i n P e rc ent a g e o f V e g et ab l e
O i l [ 6]
Peanut
oil(medium
load)
Sunflower
oil(light load)
200
50
100
Peanut oil(light
load)
Fi g. 2 . 3 Ex ha u st Te mp e ra tu re ( ºC ) ve r s e s
P e r cen t a ge of
V eg e ta bl e Oi l [ 6]
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Soyabean oil
diesel
60 90 120 150 180 210
Sunflower
oil(full load)
24
21
Peanut oil(full
load)
18
15
Sunflower oil
(medium load)
12
9
6
3
0
0
50
100
Peanut
oil(medium
load)
Sunflower
oil(light load)
Peanut oil(light
load)
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Degumme
d curde
soybean
oil
Curde
Soyabean
oil
diesel
60 80 90 120 150 180 190
Fi g 2. 2 V a ri a ti on s i n I ndi c a t ed Pow e r ( Kw )
a t Equ al En e rg y I npu t [6 ]
Fi g. 2 . 4 M a s s Fu e l Fl ow R at e s ( kg/ h ) a nd
Eng i ne Pow e r Outpu t( k w ) a t P a rt Lo a d
[ 2, 7 ]
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology- Volume2Issue3- 2011
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Degumme
d curde
soybean
oil
Curde
Soyabean
oil
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I wish to wishes to acknowledge Michael Shell and
other contributors for developing and maintaining the
IEEE LaTeX style files which have been used in the
preparation of this template
# 2diesel
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60 80 90 120 150 180 190
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curde
soybean
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700
[6] Barsic, N.J A.L., 1981, “ performance and emissions
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curde
soybean
oil
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500
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400
300
[8] suda,K.J., 1984, “vegetable oil or diesel fuel- A
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200
60 80 90 120 150 180 190
Fi g. 2 . 5
I nd i cate d
Cons ump ti on (kg / h),
Effi ci e ncy ( %) ,
a nd
Spec i fi c
Ind i cate d
Ex hau st
Fuel
Th erma l
Gas
Te mpe ra ture( ºC) at Pa rt L oad [2 , 7]
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