American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures SYLLABUS Language Assessment TESL 631 3 Credits Fall 2015 Hurst Hall Room 104 Weds 5:30 – 8:00PM INSTRUCTOR Rebecca Wilner wilner@american.edu MGC 330G When emailing me, please include “TESL 631” in the subject of the email and include your name in your message so that your note will receive top priority. OFFICE HOURS Wednesdays after class, or by appointment COURSE DESCRIPTION This course focuses on the process of testing/assessing students' language proficiency with respect to different language skills in the language classroom and the steps involved in this process. A practical approach provides opportunities for evaluating existing tests and assessment procedures, designing test/assessment instruments, and scoring/evaluating language tests. COURSE ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS When, how, and why can/should I use assessment in my language teaching? How can effective assessment design and implementation help me be a better teacher and help my students learn more efficiently? COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this course, students will be able to: Define and explain core assessment concepts including reliability, validity, practicality, authenticity, fairness and washback. Find, read, analyze, and discuss scholarly writings in the field and establish a professional and academic community of practice within and outside of our class. Evaluate assessment tools according to the 5+ principles of language assessment. Design their own valid, reliable, and appropriate assessments for specific learners and contexts. Explain concrete ways in which assessment data is used to inform and modify lesson planning, teaching strategies, and activity use in the classroom. Analyze and justify responses to a variety of assessment dilemmas inherent in any educational setting. REQUIRED COURSE READINGS AND MATERIALS Brown, H.D. & Abeywickrama, P. (2010). Language Assessment: Principles and Classroom Practices. New York: Pearson Education. (In course schedule as B&A) B&C – Bailey, K. M., & Curtis, A. (2015). Learning about Language Assessment: Dilemmas, Decisions, and Directions, 2nd Edition. Boston: National Geographic Learning (Heinle Cengage). (In course schedule as B&C) 1 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures Other required and optional readings for this course (from the reference list at the end of this document) will be posted on Blackboard with appropriate lead-time for reading. Materials & Supplies One 1” three-ring binder to be used as a portfolio for this course. All class handouts, readings, and other materials, as specified Something to take notes on, and something to take notes with TECHNOLOGY AND COMPUTER ACCOUNTS We will use the course Blackboard site for students to post/comment on articles and receive their grades, announcements, and any class content files. Students may acquire computer accounts providing access to the email system and campus wide network at AU (Eaglenet) through Computer Accounts in the Office of Information Technology. All students MUST read their AU email, and are strongly encouraged to forward their AU email to the account they read most frequently. All AU email accounts are issued free of charge and will expire when you graduate from AU (or shortly thereafter). COURSE REQUIREMENTS / ASSESSMENTS Needs Assessment – This 3-5 page document will give me and your classmates an introduction to the teaching context with which you will be working during this course. Developing assessments is much easier and more effective if you have a clear understanding of who your students are, what their learning needs and goals are, and what stakeholder issues you must take into account when assessing. Thus, this document will serve as the basis for most of the rest of the assignments in this class. InTASC Standards: 1, 3, 4, 7, and 8. Test Analysis – Shortly after we review the basics of assessment, you will be given a commonly used language test and asked to evaluate it with respect to the five plus principles of assessment and the way it is used to inform teaching. You will present your analysis in a short paper (3-5 pages). See forthcoming handout for further information. InTASC Standards: 4, 6, 9, and 10 Assessment Design Tasks – Throughout the course, you will develop 4 different assessments and their corresponding grading tools, one in each of the following categories: Receptive Skills, Productive Skills, Grammar and/or Vocabulary, and Alternative Assessment. You will begin designing each of these assessments and keys/rubrics in class, and will continue at home. You will then present your assessments to your classmates, and you will have a chance to modify or edit them as a result of their feedback before you submit them to me for a grade. InTASC Standards: 1-8 Assessment Portfolio – As you work through each of the previously mentioned Assessment Tasks, you will compile them in a portfolio of your work in this course. After each task is returned, you will pilot it, reflect on the data you collect, and include the original task, peer and 2 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures teacher feedback, the pilot results, and a summative reflection in your portfolio. You may also revise the assessment, if you would like. This portfolio will be used instead of a final exam, and will be graded using a rubric that will be provided at the beginning of the course. Depending on your situation, it may be possible to complete an Assessment Plan as an alternative to the portfolio. This option may be preferable to MAT students, but either option will satisfy your SPA requirement for this course. If you are interested in the Assessment Plan option, please see me after class or by appointment. InTASC Standards: 1-8. Assessment in the Literature – Each class, one of you will be asked to find a journalistic article, video, or audio piece related to assessment and post it to the discussion board (Blackboard). In addition to the news article, you will also be responsible for finding a scholarly, peer-reviewed article that deals with the same topic as your news article, and posing some discussion questions for your classmates. They then will answer your questions on the discussion board, and if necessary, follow up in class. The objective here is to start a discussion of current assessment matters and issues, as well as to encourage you to find, read, and discuss relevant scholarly articles (a skill which will be extremely helpful in your future careers). Whoever is responsible for finding the articles will have to post them by class time on the assigned day and give a short introduction to it in class. Then the other students will have until the next week at 5:00pm to post their comments. InTASC Standards: 1, 3, 4, 9, and 10. Quizzes – Occasionally over the next fifteen weeks, I will check your comprehension of key readings, concepts, and terminology using short in-class or online quizzes (via Blackboard). Some of these are on the syllabus, but others may be a surprise. If/when assigned an online quiz, you will have a 30-minute period in which to complete it. Any suspicion of cheating will be thoroughly investigated, and if evidence is found, you will fail the quiz and be subject to academic integrity policy violation charges. InTASC Standards: 3, 4, and 9 Attendance Students who are more than 10 minutes late to or absent from the class will be marked as “Late,” and will receive a deduction on their attendance and participation grade for that class. Four late marks will count as one unexcused absence. Students who miss more than two (2) unexcused class sessions will receive a one-half letter grade (i.e., A- B+) deduction from their final grade. Students who miss more than four (4) unexcused class sessions will receive a full letter grade (i.e., A B) deduction from their final grade. Students who miss more than six (6) class sessions, excused or unexcused, will receive an “F” in the course. If you know you will have to miss a class, please let me know in writing as soon as possible, and make arrangements to make up any missed work. You are responsible for any material covered in your absence. Only registered students can attend class. Non-registered students or family, children or guests of registered students cannot attend class. Additionally, only registered students will get credit for the course. 3 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures Late Assignments Late assignments will be penalized 5% of the assignment grade per day it is late. That is, an assignment submitted one day late will receive a maximum score of 95%, an assignment turned in two days late will receive a maximum score of 90%, and so forth for a maximum of 7 days (maximum score of 65%). Assignments more than one week late will not be accepted, and will receive a score of 20% (F). GRADING Your grade in this course will be determined as follows: 10% Attendance and Participation 15% AitL DB (and Reflection) 5% Needs Assessment 10% Quizzes (Terminology, Concepts, Issues, Stats) 5% Test Analysis 40% Tasks (Receptive, Productive, Grammar/Vocab, Alternative) 15% Portfolio or Assessment Plan Percent of Total Points available will be used to determine the class grade as follows: A: 95% - 100% B+: 87% - 89% B-: 80% - 82% C: 73% - 76% D:66% - 69% A-: 90% - 94% B: 83% - 86% C+: 77% - 79% C-: 70% - 72% F: 65% or less Key to Readings in Course Schedule B&A – Brown, H.D. & Abeywickrama, P. (2010). Language Assessment: Principles and Classroom Practices. New York: Pearson Education. B&C – Bailey, K. M., & Curtis, A. (2015). Learning about Language Assessment: Dilemmas, Decisions, and Directions, 2nd Edition. Boston: National Geographic Learning (Heinle Cengage). Br&N – Brookhart, S.M. & Nitko, A. J. (2008). Assessment and Grading in Classrooms. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall. Fulcher, G. (2010). Practical Language Testing. London: Hodder Education. O’M&V-P – O’Malley, J. M. & Valdez Pierce, L. (1996). Authentic Assessment for English Language Learners: Practical Approaches for Teachers. Longman. 4 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures COURSE SCHEDULE Date 9/2 9/9 9/16 9/23 9/30 10/7 10/14 10/21 10/28 11/4 11/11 11/18 11/25 12/2 12/14 Topic Introduction to Course Community Partners Principles of Assessment Assessment Issues and Types Uses and accountability Receptive Skills Reading / Listening Writing test items Receptive Skills Formative/Summative Scoring and Feedback Productive Skills Writing / Speaking Rubric Design Productive Skills Formative/Summative Grading and Feedback Integrated Skills Grammar and Vocab Readings B&A – Chs. 1 & 2 (pp. 1-51) B&C – Chs. 1 & 2 (pp. 1-52) Assignments Procure the required texts Get access to Blackboard Read the 4 assigned chapters B&C – Ch. 3 (pp. 53-76) Br&N – Chs. 2 & 3 (pp. 23-64) Fulcher – Ch. 4 (pp. 93-126) Terminology Quiz B&A – Chs. 7 & 9 (pp. 156-182, 224-258) B&C – Chs. 4 & 5 (pp. 77-121) Needs Assessment AitL DB B&A – Ch. 3 (pp. 52-84) B&C – Ch. 9 (pp. 195-217) Br.&N – Ch. 7 (pp. 129-150) Receptive Skills Task AitL DB B&A – Chs. 8 & 10 (pp. 183-223, 259-291) B&C – Chs. 7 & 8 (pp.152-194) Test Analysis AitL DB Br&N – Chs. 8&10 (pp. 151-166, 187-210) O’M&V-P – Chs. 4&6 (pp. 57-91, 135-161) Productive Skills Task AitL DB B&A – Ch. 11 & 12 (pp. 292-340) Fulcher – Chs. 5 & 6 (pp. 127-196) Br&N – App. B (pp.261-266) Butt – Ch8 (pp. 97-105) S-F – Ch. 1 (pp. 3-21) Cultural Issues Tatum (2007) This American Life – 3 Miles Alternative Assessment B&A – Ch. 6 (pp. 122-155) Task-based B&C – Ch 10 (pp. 218-247) Project-based O’M&V-P – Chs. 1-3 (pp.1-56) Alternative Assessment Br&N – Ch. 5 (pp. 91-114) Portfolios O’M&V-P – Ch. 8 (pp. 201-235) B&C – TotT (pp. 37-50, 57-64, 89-95, 109116, 198-210) Statistics Fulcher – Ch. 2 (pp. 29-66) Thorndike – Chs. 2 & 3 (pp. B&A – Chs. 4 & 5 (pp. 85-121) Standards and Br&N – Ch. 12 (pp. 233-256) Standardized Testing Fulcher – Ch. 8 (pp. 225-252) No class – Thanksgiving None – something to be thankful for! B&C – Ch. 13 (pp. 307-332) Self- and Peer Br&N – Ch. 11 (pp. 211-232) Assessment Fulcher – Ch. 3 (pp. 67-92) No Class Final Exam Date General Information for American University Courses Information about the University Midterm Assessment AitL DB Grammar / Vocab Task AitL DB Cultural Issues Quiz AitL DB Authentic Assessment Task AitL DB AitL DB Statistics Problem Set AitL DB AitL DB AitL DB Reflection Portfolio / Assessment Plan 5 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures There are three University publications you will need to refer to for various academic issues: The University Catalog http://www.american.edu/provost/registrar/universitycatalog.cfm The Academic Regulations Undergraduate: http://www.american.edu/provost/undergrad/undergrad-rules-and-regulations-toc.cfm Graduate: http://www.american.edu/provost/grad/grad-rules-and-regulations-toc.cfm The Student Handbook http://www.american.edu/ocl/studentguide/ Registration Faculty members are expected to deny a place in the class to any person who has not been formally registered, unless that student is attending a portion of a course for valid academic reasons with the permission of the instructor and the dean or teaching unit head. Discontinuation of attendance at class or notification to the instructor does not constitute an official withdrawal. This means only formally registered students can attend classes. Children and other family members of students are not permitted in class. Formal registration can be verified through the "Academics" section on the student's <myAU.american.edu> portal account. Class participation on Blackboard (without formal enrollment in the course) does NOT equal formal registration. Incomplete Grades - Undergraduate http://www.american.edu/provost/undergrad/undergrad-rules-and-regulations.cfm#3.5 Incomplete Grades - Graduate http://www.american.edu/provost/grad/grad-rules-and-regulations-toc.cfm Academic Integrity Code http://www.american.edu/academics/integrity/ Students are expected to conform to the regulations of the University in regard to academic integrity, especially in regard to plagiarism, inappropriate collaboration, dishonesty in examinations, dishonesty in papers, work for one course and submitted to another, deliberate falsification of data, interference with other students' work, and copyright violation. Services for Students with Disabilities http://www.american.edu/ocl/sccrs/Services-for-Students-504.cfm Appropriate modifications to academic requirements may be necessary on a case-by-case basis to ensure educational opportunity for students with disabilities, and individual faculty 6 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures members may need to modify specific course requirements to permit equal participation by students with disabilities. Protection of Human Subjects http://www.american.edu/irb Any research involving interviewing, surveying, or observing human beings is subject to review and approval by the University Institutional Review Board (IRB) and information about he university’s IRB process is outlined at http://american.edu/irb The university IRB liaison is Matthew Zembrzuski and his email is irb@american.edu Using Appropriate Documentation Formats The School of Education, Teaching & Health permits the use of two formats for research citations, footnotes, list of references, and layout, and all written work must adhere to those guidelines: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Sixth Edition, Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2009. Online guide at http://www.apastyle.org/manual/index.aspx Failure to use the format selected appropriately and accurately will result in a grade penalty. Out of courtesy to your colleagues, please turn off and put away your cell phones during our time together so that you can fully commit to the work before us. If you use laptops in class, it should be exclusively for note-taking and other activities directly related to this course. Failure to follow these guidelines may result in a penalty in that day’s attendance and participation grade, and/or confiscation of your device for the remainder of class. ATTENTION GRADUATE STUDENTS Academic Standing Admission to a graduate program at American University signifies the University’s belief that each student admitted has the ability to succeed academically and be awarded a graduate degree. Each year, however, some students who appear to have the ability to succeed, encounter academic problems which affect performance and lead to grades which do not meet minimum university standards. In the interest of candor and clarity, this is a succinct summary of the current Graduate Regulations: Graduate students must maintain a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 for all courses taken 7 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures If a graduate student’s cumulative GPA falls below 3.0, this results in the student being placed on probation for the following semester. If a graduate student remains on probation after one semester, that student will be automatically dismissed from the university. There is virtually no possibility of exceptions to this policy, or for appealing this decision. Example A graduate student who receives grades of B, B, and C+ in a semester will be placed on Probation because the cumulative GPA is less than 3.0. Even if a student receives grades of B, B, B in the following semester, the cumulative GPA will be less than 3.0, and the student will be dismissed from the university. A student cannot voluntarily withdraw from the university during a semester while on probation in order to avoid dismissal. Dismissal from the university is permanent, and a dismissed student cannot re-apply to AU. Comprehensive Examinations It is University policy that all master’s degree students must complete a comprehensive examination. The term “comprehensive examination” is broad and can be satisfied in a variety of ways such as a portfolio, oral or written examinations, a thesis or project, or completion of a seminar or sequence of courses. Comprehensive examinations are based on the contents of the entire program, with the content of specific courses demonstrated cumulatively in the particular format used. Students should consult with the program director or the graduate student advisor for details and timetables. Faculty Expectations of Student Performance SOE faculty members expect students to attend all classes, complete assigned readings before the class period in which they are to be discussed, participate actively and thoughtfully in class discussions, complete required writing assignments on time, submit completed work that is proofread and free from error, treat class members and the faculty with respect, and comply with University regulations. Protection of Human Subjects http://www.american.edu/irb Any research involving interviewing, surveying, or observing human beings is subject to review and approval by the University Institutional Review Board (IRB) and information about he university’s IRB process is outlined at http://american.edu/irb The university IRB liaison can be contacted at irb@american.edu. Ethical Principles Related to Conducting Research Students are expected to familiar with the guidelines and criteria that ensure all research activities they undertake conform to ethical standards related to the protection human 8 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures subjects. Students are strongly encouraged to enroll in and complete the free tutorial, Protecting Human Research Participants, offered by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Extramural Research. In some courses, completing this training is required. The NIH online training program consists of seven modules addressing the principles used to define ethical research using humans and the regulations, policies, and guidance that describe the implementation of those principles. Four of these modules are followed by a quiz. The online training program takes approximately 3 hours to complete. To access the NIH website, go to: https://pphi.nihtraining.com Websites of Interest (you may use these and others for your AitL DB posts) Glenn Fulcher’s Language Testing Info website has numerous resources: articles, videos, and links, among other things that may be of interest to you, and might help you with your Assessment in the Literature posts, in addition to giving you more background or information on a variety of topics. http://languagetesting.info/ National Council for Measurement in Education. http://www.ncme.org/pubs/items.cfm This is the major professional organization of assessment researchers and practitioners. It is also a site for presenting some of the best work on assessment through: ITEMS: The Instructional Topics in Educational Measurement Series. These modules are learner-oriented and consist of an abstract, tutorial content, exercises, and annotated references. We will be using some of these modules in class and you may want to consult them to enrich your understanding of the topics we address. Board of Testing and Assessment, National Research Council. This independent and federally sponsored research board integrates and monitors cutting edge research on teaching and learning in schools. This is a goal-standard organization that turns to the leading researchers in the field for advice on the development and use of research-based assessment tools and assessment policy. http://www7.nationalacademies.org/bota/ George Lucas Foundation: Edutopia Edutopia is a great source of innovative ideas for teachers, demonstrating models of assessment use and innovation through highly readable articles and easily viewed videos. http://www.edutopia.org/assessment The Nation’s Report Card For over three decades, the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) has been producing “the nation’s report card” on the basis of the National Assessment of Educational Progress 9 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures (NAEP) to monitor and report aggregate information about the progress of achievement in American schools. Outstanding, objective, and detailed reports are available with historical information and thorough analyses of each assessment.http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/ Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a system of international assessments that focus on 15-year-olds' capabilities in reading literacy, mathematics literacy, and science literacy. PISA has been conducted since 2000 by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), an intergovernmental organization of industrialized countries, and implemented in the US by the National Center for Education Statistics. http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/ Language Testing for Higher Education: A Language Testing Scenario for Group or Individual Study is a collection of resources which may be helpful for you as you go through this course, and into your professional field. Feel free to browse at: http://languagetesting.info/whatis/scenarios/4hedu.php TESOL International is the professional association for teacher of English to speakers of other languages. Membership in the organization offers access to numerous listservs where interesting topics are discussed by leading members of the field, in addition to other interested parties. Furthermore, the website provides access to webinars and other training courses that can boost your learning and keep you in step with the advances in the field of English teaching. American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) is the professional association for teachers of foreign languages, including English, and their website has links to numerous assessment resources and articles about how language assessment is conducted and used around the world. http://www.actfl.org/ Bibliography Allalouf, A. (2007). Quality Control Procedures in the Scoring, Equating, and Reporting of Test Scores. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 26(1), 36–46. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3992.2007.00087.x Arter, J. A., & Spandel, V. (1992). Using Portfolios of Student Work in Instruction and Assessment. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 11(1), 36–44. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3992.1992.tb00230.x Bailey, K. M., & Curtis, A. (2014). Learning about Language Assessment. United States: CENGAGE Learning Custom Publishing. Boudett, K. P., & City, E. A. (2005). Data Wise: A Step-by-Step Guide to Using Assessment Results to Improve Teaching And Learning. (R. J. Murnane, Ed.) (1st ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Publishing Group (H E P G). Boyle, B., & Charles, M. (2013). Formative Assessment for Teaching and Learning. United Kingdom: SAGE Publications. 10 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures Brookhart, S. M. (1993). Assessing Student Achievement With Term Papers and Written Reports. 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How Teachers Can Use PE Metrics for Formative Assessment. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 83(5), 23–34. http://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2012.10598775 11 American University College of Arts and Sciences TESOL Program – Department of World Languages and Cultures Frisbie, D. A. (1988). Reliability of Scores From Teacher-Made Tests.Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 7(1), 25–35. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.17453992.1988.tb00422.x Frisbie, D. A., & Waltman, K. K. (1992). Developing a Personal Grading Plan. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 11(3), 35–42. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.17453992.1992.tb00251.x Fulcher, G. (2010). Practical language testing (1st ed.). London: Hodder Education. Genesee, F., & Upshur, J. A. (1996). Classroom-Based Evaluation in Second Language Education (8th ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Gilbert, J. B. (1993). Clear Speech: Pronunciation and Listening Comprehension in American English: Student’s Book (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Goodson, F. T. (2007). The Electronic Portfolio: Shaping an Emerging Genre. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 50(6), 432–434. http://doi.org/10.1598/jaal.50.6.1 Hambleton, R. K., & Jones, R. W. (1993). An NCME Instructional Module on Comparison of Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory and Their Applications to Test Development. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 12(3), 38–47. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3992.1993.tb00543.x Hamilton, L. S., Stecher, B. M., & Klein, S. P. (Eds.). (2002). Making Sense of Test-Based Accountability in Education. Arlington, VA: Rand. Hanrahan, S. J., & Isaacs, G. (2001). Assessing Self- and Peer-assessment: The students’ views. Higher Education Research & Development, 20(1), 53–70. http://doi.org/10.1080/07294360123776 Henderson, M., & Phillips, M. (2015). Video-Based Feedback on Student Assessment: Scarily Personal. Autralasian Journal of Educational Technology, 31(1), 51–66. 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