International Conference on Global Trends in Engineering, Technology and Management (ICGTETM-2016)
Simulation for Step up Converter for Photovoltaic System
1. Mr. Bhushan S. Chaudhari, 2. Mr. M. Mujtahid Ansari, 3. Mr. Nilesh S. Mahajan,
1. Research Scholar, Electrical Engg. Dept, SSBT„s COET, Jalgaon (MS),India.
2. Assistant Professor, Electrical Engg. Dept, SSBT„s COET, Jalgaon (MS), India.
3. Assistant Professor, Electrical Engg. Dept, SSBT„s COET, Jalgaon (MS), India.
Abstract- Renewable energy systems which
generate low voltage output thus step up converters
are widely employed in so many renewable energy
applications, including wind power, fuel cells and
photovoltaic systems. The step up converter which
performs importantly among which the system
because the system requires a step up conversion.
The conventional step up converters which are as
the boost converter and fly back converter they can
not achieve high step up conversion with high
efficiency because of the resistances of elements or
due to leakage inductance. This project proposed a
step up converter for a photovoltaic system.
Through a voltage multiplier module. An
asymmetrical interleaved step up converter which
obtains high step up gain. The proposed converter
functions as an active clamp circuit which
moderate large voltage spikes across the power
switches. So the low voltage rated MOSFETs which
can be adopted for reduces of conduction losses
and cost. The efficiency improves because of the
energy stored in leakage inductances is energized
to the output terminal. Finally, such prototype
circuit with a 40-V input voltage, 380-V output is
operated to verify its performance. The highest
efficiency is 96.8% of this converter.
Keywords: Step up converter, photovoltaic system,
voltage multiplier module, MPPT model, PWM
converter.
I. INTRODUCTION
The renewable energy sources such as PV
modules, fuel cells or energy storage devices such
as super capacitors or batteries deliver output
voltage at the range of around 12 to 70 V. In order
to connect them to the grid the voltage level should
be adjusted according to the electrical network
standards in the countries. First of all the voltage
should be stepped up to sufficient level at which
the DC/AC conversion an be performed to AC
mains voltage requirements[1].
Step up converter has a continuous input
current flowing into the input port. Therefore, step
up topology may be more suitable for PV systems
to extract as much power as possible from the
photovoltaic cells and energy efficiency of the step
up converter is higher than that of the conventional
converter [2].
ISSN: 2231-5381
Fig. 1 Typical photovoltaic system.
The converter which is characterized by a low input
current ripple and low conduction losses, making it
suitable for high power applications. The converter
achieves the step up voltage gain that renewable
energy systems require. leakage energy which is
recycled and sent to output terminal, and large
voltage spikes on the main switch. The main switch
voltage stress of the converter which is
substantially lower than that of the output voltage
of the converter [5] [6]. Primary windings of the
coupled inductors which with Np turns are
employed to decrease input current ripple and
secondary windings of the coupled inductors with
Ns turns are connected in series to extend voltage
gain.
Converter obtains extra voltage gain through
the voltage lift capacitor Cb, and which reduces the
input current ripple, which is suitable for power
factor correction and also high power applications.
An asymmetrical interleaved step up converter that
combines the advantages of the aforementioned
converters is proposed in which combined the
advantages of both. In the voltage multiplier
module of the proposed converter which has the
turns ratio of coupled inductors can be designed to
extend voltage gain, and also a voltage lift
capacitor offers an extra voltage conversion ratio
[1].
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International Conference on Global Trends in Engineering, Technology and Management (ICGTETM-2016)
II. OPERATING PRINCIPLE
The switching period can be subdivided
into six modes of operation. The modes 1-3 are
same as modes 4-6 which are shown in following
figures.
C3 . The input voltage source, magnetizing
inductor Lm2 , leakage inductor Lk2 , and voltagelift capacitor Cb release energy to the output filter
capacitor C1 via diode D2 , there by extending the
voltage on C1 .
A. Mode I
C. Mode III
Fig. 4 Mode III
Fig. 2 Mode I
At t = t0 , the power switches S1 and S2 are
both turned ON. All of the diodes are reversed
biased. Magnetizing inductors Lm1 and Lm2 as
well as leakage inductors Lk1 and Lk2 are linearly
charged by the input voltage source Vin as shown
in figure 2 .
At t = t2 ,as shown in figure 4, diode D2
automatically switches OFF because the total
energy of leakage inductor Lk2 has been
completely released to the output filter capacitor
C1. Magnetizing inductor Lm2 transfers energy to
the secondary side charging the output filter
capacitor C3 via diode D4 until time t3 .
B. Mode II
D. Mode IV
Fig. 3 Mode II
Fig. 5 Mode IV
At t = t1 , as shown in figure 3, the power
switch S2 is switched OFF, thereby turning ON
diodes D2 and D4 . The energy that magnetizing
inductor Lm2 has stored is transferred to the
secondary side charging the output filter capacitor
At t = t3, the power switch S2 is turned
ON and all the diodes are turned OFF. Now all the
diodes are reversed-biased and the Magnetizing
inductors Lm1 and Lm2 as well as leakage
inductors Lk1 and Lk2 are linearly charged by the
ISSN: 2231-5381
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International Conference on Global Trends in Engineering, Technology and Management (ICGTETM-2016)
input voltage source Vin which is shown in figure
5.
secondary side and it charges the output filter
capacitor C2 through the diode D3 until t0.
III. DESIGN PROPOSED CONVERTER
E. Mode V
Fig. 6 Mode V
Fig.8 Control Strategy for the proposed converter
At t = t4, as shown in figure 6, the power
switch S1 is turned OFF, therefore diodes D1 and
D3 are turned ON. Now the energy stored in the
magnetizing inductor Lm1 is transferred to the
secondary side and it charges the output filter
capacitor C2. The input voltage source and the
energy stored in the magnetizing inductor Lm1 is
completely released to the voltage-lift capacitor Cb
through the diode D1, which supplies extra energy
to Cb.
The step up interleaved converter which
introduced is also suitable as step up and high
power conversion of the PV system, and the other
step up interleaved converter introduced in, which
is an asymmetrical interleaved structure as
proposed converter is favourable for dc micro grid
applications. In control strategy, the proposed
converter is controlled by the microchip
dsPIC30F4011 as shown in Fig.8, PV module and
battery set are the main input power sources as
shown, which can be seen as an equivalent voltage
source for the proposed converter, and the MPPT
algorithm which is employed by referring
F. Mode VI
IV. SIMULINK BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig. 7 Mode VI
At t = t5, as shown in figure 7, the diode
D1 is automatically turns OFF because the entire
energy stored in the leakage inductor Lk1 is totally
released to voltage-lift capacitor Cb. Now the
magnetizing inductor Lm1 transfers energy to the
ISSN: 2231-5381
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Fig. 9 Step up converter
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International Conference on Global Trends in Engineering, Technology and Management (ICGTETM-2016)
Fig. 14 Vgs1, Vgs2, Id3, Id4
Fig. 10 PV model
Fig. 15 Iin, Ilk
Fig. 11 MPPT model
Fig. 16 Vcb, Vc1, Vc2, Vc3
The output voltage of step up converter is the
sum of all the voltages across the capacitors which
are shown in figure number 16. So the output
voltage is 380V of proposed step up converter.
Fig. 12 Vgs1, Vgs2, ILK1, ILK2
Fig. 13 Vgs1, Vgs2, Id1, Id2
ISSN: 2231-5381
V. CONCLUSION
This paper which is presented the topological
principles, steady state analysis, and experimental
results for a proposed step up converter. The
proposed converter has been successfully
implemented in an efficiently step up conversion
without an extreme duty ratio and a number of
turns ratios through the voltage multiplier module.
The experimental results which indicate that
leakage energy is recycled through capacitor Cb to
the output terminal of the converter. The voltage
stresses over the power switches are restricted and
such are much lower than the output voltage (380
V). The switches which conducted to low voltage
rated and low on state resistance MOSFET, which
can be selected. Thus, the proposed converter
which is suitable for photovoltaic power systems or
other renewable energy applications that need high
step-up high power energy conversion.
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International Conference on Global Trends in Engineering, Technology and Management (ICGTETM-2016)
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ISSN: 2231-5381
BIOGRAPHIES
Mr. Bhushan S. Chaudhari received the B.E. Electrical
from Government College of Engineering, Jalgaon, in
2013, and pursing M.E. from S.S.B.T.’s College Of
Engineering and Technology, Jalgaon. He has published
one paper in international journal.
M. Mujtahid Ansari received his B.E.( Electrical Engg)
and M.E.(Electrical Power System) from the
S.G.B.University, Amravati, India in year 1996 and 2009
respectively . He is member of IE, ISTE and IACSIT.
He has joined SSBT’s College of Engineering and
Technology, Jalgaon in the year 2000 where he is
working as Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering
Department. He has published six papers in international
journal and one text book. He was chairman Board of
studies in Electrical Engineering and Instrumentation
Engineering under the faculty of Engineering and
Technology, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon
(MS) India.
Nilesh S. Mahajan had completed his M. E. in Electrical
Power Systems from Government College of
Engineering, Aurangabad. He is working as an Assistant
Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering in
SSBT’s College of Engineering & Technology,
Bambhori, Jalgaon. He has published three papers in
international journal.
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