2015
Annual Weather Report
Soil monitoring was installed at OrchardMet in the summer
Smith College
Ada & Archibald MacLeish
Field Station
Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Written by Paul Wetzel & Molly Day (‘19)
March 2016
Introduction
Weather conditions at Smith College’s Ada & Archibald MacLeish Field Station are recorded at the WhatelyMet weather station. This weather collection site is located at the end of
Poplar Hill Road in Whately, Massachusetts, USA (Latitude 42 deg. 26 min. 56 sec. N Longitude 72 deg. 40 min. 50 sec. W). The meteorological instruments of WhatelyMet (except
the rain gauge) are mounted at
the top of a tower 25.3 m tall,
well above the surrounding forest canopy. The tower is located
on a local ridge at an elevation
250.75 m above sea level.
The second weather data
collection site, known as
WhatelyMet tower & bunker
where data server is located
2
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report
OrchardMet
Terrain surrounding OrchardMet. Note close proximity of trees to weather station.
OrchardMet, is located about 250 m north of the first tower in an open field next to
an apple orchard. Full canopy trees (~20 m tall) are within 30 m of this station. This
station has a standard instrument configuration with temperature, relative humidity,
solar radiation, and barometric pressure measured between 1.5 and 2.0 m above the
ground. Wind speed and direction are measured on a 10 m tall tower and precipitation
is measured on the ground. Ground
temperature is measured at 15 and 30 cm
below the ground surface 2 m south of the
tower. The tower is located 258.1 m above
sea level. Data collection at OrchardMet
began on June 27th, 2014.
This report describes the weather data collected at WhatelyMet and OrchardMet during
2014. It provides highlights of the year’s
weather as well as general trends that were
observed. We hope that you find the report
both interesting and useful. All data reported
in this document are available electronically.
Height comparison between weather staPlease direct all questions and data inquiries
tion towers, trees and people.
to Paul Wetzel at pwetzel@smith.edu or telephone 413.585.2646.
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 3
Definitions of Climatic Indicators
The precipitation and biological temperature indicators
calculated for this report provide a method of comparing
general, biologically meaningful climatic trends in different
years. The indicators are based on average daily temperatures and rainfall summations. Even though days are in the
name of the temperature indicators, they do not actually reflect periods of 24 hours. The indicators really measure the
number of degrees the average temperature was above or
below a threshold temperature each day of the year. These
values are described at http://ccr.aos.wisc.edu/climate_modeling/wisconsin_Climate/descriptions.php. All temperature
terms were measured in degrees Celsius for this report.
Freezing Degree Days—The number of degrees Celsius
that the daily mean temperature is below 0 °C For example,
two days with daily mean temperatures of -10 °C and 0 °C
have 10 and 0 freezing degree days, respectively. Annual
total freezing degree days are calculated by summing all of
freezing degree days.
Growing Degree Days—The number of degrees Celsius that
the daily mean temperature exceeds 10 °C . For example,
two days with daily mean temperatures of 15 °C and 10
°C have 5 and 0 growing degree days, respectively. Annual
total growing degree days are calculated by summing all of
growing degree days.
Spring Onset Date—The first day of the year where the
average high temperature of that day and the previous four
days averages 10 °C and no subsequent five day period until
mid-summer has an average high temperature below 6.1 °C.
Last Spring Freeze Date—The last day between January 1st
and mid-summer with a low temperature below 0 °C.
First Autumn Freeze Date—The first day after mid-summer
with a low temperature below 0 °C.
Length of the Growing Season—The number of days between the last spring freeze and first autumn freeze.
Frequency of 1” Precipitation Events—The number of days
per year with precipitation of at least one inch (25.4 mm).
Frequency of 2” Precipitation Events—The number of days
per year with precipitation of at least two inches (50.8 mm).
Frequency of 3” Precipitation Events—The number of days
per year with precipitation of at least three inches (76.2
mm).
4
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report
Looking up the OrchardMet tower on a sunny
day.
Air Temperature & Relative Humidity
The monthly average temperature in 2015 ranged from -6.4 °C in January to 21.6°C in
July (Table 1, Figure 1). The highest recorded temperature at WhatelyMet was 31.6 °C on
July 23th. The lowest recorded temperature was -21.4 °C on January 6th (Appendix A). The
average daily temperature range recorded from both stations (daily maximum-minimum)
was -10.5 °C. The maximum daily temperature range was 20.8 °C at both stations but
occurred on May 4th at OrchardMet and on May 8th at WhatleyMet. The daily minimum
Table 1. Average monthly
temperature (OC) at
both WhatelyMet and
OrchardMet stations.
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
WhatelyMet OrchardMet
-6.4
-9.3
-0.9
8.0
17.4
17.7
21.6
21.5
19.3
9.8
7.3
4.9
-6.8
-9.8
-1.4
7.9
16.7
17.4
20.7
20.7
18.0
9.1
7.0
4.7
Figure 1. Daily average temperature (black line) and daily maximum and minimum
temperatures (gray lines) over the year at WhatelyMet.
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 5
Figure 2. Daily average temperature (black line) and daily maximum and minimum
temperatures (gray lines) over the year at the OrchardMet station. Colored lines indicate
seasonal averages. Blue = winter, Light green = spring, Dark green = summer, Orange = fall.
temperature range was 2.3 °C and occurred on January 26th. However daily temperature
ranges of less than three degrees also occurred on February 9th, April 9th, June 1st and
June 28th.
Percent average monthly relative humidity ranged from 56.4% (March) to 94% (December) (Table 2). Interestingly, WhatelyMet relative humidity values were noteably
higher than OrchardMet values starting in August. It is unclear why this pattern occurred
during the last part of the year.
Month
Table 3. Average monthly relative humidity (%) at both
WhatelyMet and OrchardMet
stations.
6
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
WhatelyMet
64.5
61.5
56.4
57.1
59.8
79.8
80.1
88.8
83.1
85.3
79.9
94.0
OrchardMet
66.5
63.7
59.1
60.3
65.1
79.4
79.6
80.4
79.4
74.6
65.6
56.4
During 2015 there were
1555 growing degree days
which occurred between
April 4th and December 25h,
nonconsecutive.
The first autumn freeze date
occurred on October 17th at
WhatleyMet and on October
18th at OrchardMet.
There were 539 freezing
degree days. The spring
freezing degree days occurred
between January 1st and
April 11 th, nonconsecutive.
The fall freezing degree days
occurred between November
31th and December 31st,
nonconsecutive.
The last spring freeze date
occurred on April 25h.
The growing
season was
175 days.
Soil Temperature & Moisture
Soil temperature and moisture is measured near OrchardMet. Measurements are made at the
soil surface, in the root zone (13 cm deep), at the bottom of the root zone (37 cm deep), and in
the B layer at 96 cm deep. Ground cover is pasture grass. Measurements are made every second
and logged hourly. Instruments were
installed in September, 2015.
Photo of soil temperature sensor at the
surface of the soil profile (gray line).
Soil moisture sensor in the root zone
(white rectangle). Soil layers in the root
zone are not delineated, suggesting a
history of plowing at this site.
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 7
A. Soil temperature at three depths.
Soil temperature at the soil surface tracked the air temperature,
fluctuating daily but declining from
September to December with the
coming of winter (Figure A). Surface
temperatures went below freezing in
January, 2016. Temperature at deeper
levels also declined throughout the
fall. The root zone temperature (37
cm deep) plateued at 2° C in January. The temperature about 1 m
deep went as low as 4° C during
the measurement period.
B. Soil moisture at three different depths overlain with
precipitation events.
Photo of soil monitoring placement of
soil moisture and temperature instrumentation. Instruments were placed
from the surface to 96 cm deep.
8
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report
Soil moisture at all depths closely tracked precipitation events–
even rain events as small as 2 mm
in a day (Figure B). Soil moisture
at 13 and 37 cm depths followed
similar pathways through time,
although the moisture level at 13
cm was slightly more variable. Soil
moisture at 96 cm deep was less
variable and more stable through
time, ranging from 25 to 30%
moisture.
Wind
North
Number of Measurements
Wind speed and direction is measured every second and then averaged and logged
every 10 minutes at both weather stations. OrchardMet measures wind midway up the forest
canopy (10 m high) in a small woodland clearing while WhatleyMet measures wind 25.3 m
above the ground which is above the tree canopy.
Wind Speed (m/s)
Figure 3A. Wind direction and speed summary for OrchardMet in 2015. Left panel displays wind rose histogram of 10 minute average wind direction. The right panel displays
a histogram of 10 minute average wind speeds.
Wind speed and direction varied between the 10 m OrchardMet and the 25 m
WhatleyMet. OrchardMet is located in a woodland clearing where winds are buffeted by
trees of the forest canopy. Most wind comes from the west and southwest, with 67% of
the time less than 1 m/s (Figure 3A). Wind speeds did not average over 3 m/s at any time
of the year.
WhatleyMet is above the forest canopy and recorded winds frequently from the
northwest, west, and south during the year. Average wind velocities were higher, with
46% of the measurements falling between 1 and 2 m/s, with maximum average velocities
up to 6 m/s (Figure 3B).
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 9
Number of Measurements
North
Wind Speed (m/s)
Figure 3B. Wind direction and speed summary for WhatleyMet in 2015. Left panel displays wind rose histogram of 10 minute average wind direction. The right panel displays a
histogram of 10 minute average wind speeds.
10
Wind rose from WhatleyMet of maximum wind speeds each day throughout the year in
meters per second. The highest wind speed recorded was 30 m/s (67.1 mph). The strongest winds came from the west and south; maxium wind speeds from the east were all
less than 10 m/s (22.4 mph).
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report
Precipitation
A total of 1306 mm of precipitation was recorded at WhatelyMet during 2015 (Table 4).
Although precipitation is relatively evenly distributed across the year, precipitation totals
were highest in June and lowest in March. February and March had the greatest number
of precipitation events (Table 4, Figure 4). Annual precipitation accumulated at a low, but
fairly steady rate through June (Figure 4). After June rainfall levels increased and total
accumulation increased sharply to the end of the calendar year.
Table 4. Total monthly precipitation (mm) at MacLeish Field Station, Whately,
MA for 2015 for both the WhatelyMet and OrchardMet stations. The number
in parentheses indicates the number of precipitation events in a given month.
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
WhatelyMet
111.0 (12)
53.1 (15)
51.8 (13)
67.3 (12)
39.1 (8)
228.1 (17)
146.0 (14)
136.9 (8)
201.7 (8)
79.0 (10)
55.9 (9)
136.4 (13)
1306.3
OrchardMet
124.5 (19)
71.6 (10)
48.5 (17)
63.0 (14)
68.3 (8)
192.0 (19)
105.7 (16)
118.9 (8)
180.8 (9)
73.2 (11)
58.2 (10)
104.1 (11)
1208.8
Starting in June a series of large rainfall events (40-50 mm) occurred regularly over the
summer (Figure 4). The largest precipitation event in 2015 occurred on September 30th
when 113.8 mm (8.7% of the annual total) of precipitation fell. During 2015, there were
15, 25.4 mm (1”) precipitation events; 2, 50.8 mm (2”) precipitation events; and 1, 76.2
mm (3”) precipitation event.
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 11
Figure 4. Daily precipitation totals (mm) and cumulative precipitation (mm) recorded
at WhatelyMet.
Go to the weather dashboard for
current weather at the MacLeish
Field Station!
http://macleish.smith.edu
Wiring of WhatelyMet logger
12
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report
Multi-Year Temperature Trends
From a comparison of temperature data from WhatelyMet between 2012 to 2015, 2012
stands out as the warmest year. Spring onset was at least 19 days earlier than the other
years and growing degree days were highest and freezing degree days lowest compared
to all other years (Table below). Interestingly, the growing season is shortest in 2012.
That is because after extended warm periods in the spring a freezing temperature was
recorded on April 28th. The year 2015 had the coldest winter with the lowest monthly
temperatures in January and February and the highest number of freezing degree days.
Interestingly many other seasonal indicators such as spring onset, growing degree days,
and spring and autumn freeze dates in 2015 were not differenct from 2013 or 2014.
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring Freeze Date
Spring Onset Date
Growing Degree Days
Growing Season
Autumn Freeze Date
Freezing Degree Days
2012
-2.0
0.6
6.7
9.5
16.3
18.6
23.0
21.9
16.3
11.7
3.5
0.7
Apr 28
Mar 11
1595
167
Oct 12
169
2013
-2.9
-2.5
1.4
7.7
14.8
19.1
23.7
20.4
16.1
11.5
3.2
-1.7
Apr 26
Mar 30
1484
183
Oct 26
357
2014
-5.7
-4.1
-1.6
7.9
14.7
19.6
21.3
19.9
16.9
11.6
3.3
0.4
Apr 19
Apr 2
1392
183
0ct 19
481
2015
-6.4
-9.3
-0.9
8
17.4
17.7
21.6
21.5
19.3
9.8
7.3
4.9
Apr 25
Apr 3
1555
175
Oct 17
539
The figure on the next page shows the temperature variability through time. Temperatures are generally least variable in summer and fall and most variable in the winter.
Warm temperature maximums rose as high as 35 °C and as low as -22 °C. Seasonal means
were fairly constant in the summer and fall, but slightly more variable in the winter and
spring. The length of the growing season ranged from 167 to 183 days. However, as discussed above, a single freezing event can greatly alter the length of the growing season.
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report 13
14
2015 MacLeish Field Station Weather Report
Daily temperature readings 2012 to 2016. Average, maximum, and minumum temperatures shown over five
years from WhatelyMet. Winter, spring, summer, and fall seasonal averages also indicated. Growing season
length in days also shown for each year.
APPENDIX A
WhatelyMet
Monthly Climate
Summaries for 2015
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
JANUARY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp Time Max
Deg. C
Deg. C
Temp
-7.435
-5.328
-1.59
-4.87
0.639
-3.898
-12.03
-12.39
-14.41
-8.01
-9.67
-8.96
-1.763
-9.33
-11.71
-7.406
-6.267
-10.08
-1.409
0.582
-3.361
-6.232
-2.919
-3.173
-1.675
-2.537
-8.47
-9.44
-8.46
-5.857
-3.912
-6.2
-0.051
2.704
-2.94
6.303
4.123
-9.68
-6.204
-6.913
-2.823
-4.682
-3.938
0.473
-1.301
-6.254
-1.707
2.45
-4.395
4.805
3.211
1.369
-1.842
1.893
2.704
0.068
2.011
-7.418
-4.423
-0.184
0.308
0.219
-7.694
-1.3
14:17
10:59
14:56
21:38
0:00
14:32
11:36
13:52
12:36
14:33
23:56
18:34
0:00
15:55
14:00
11:15
11:13
17:04
10:19
13:57
16:24
12:26
14:46
18:51
12:25
17:30
13:48
14:28
13:04
11:51
15:17
Min Temp
Deg. C
-10.11
-5.954
-7.214
-3.997
-12.91
-13.85
-19.73
-22.05
-12.32
-13.76
-15.13
-4.486
-15.83
-17.53
-13.36
-13.41
-16.91
-9.04
-2.767
-7.641
-11.66
-6.786
-10.19
-3.82
-10.45
-9.88
-12.14
-12.91
-13.7
-12.5
-16.48
-11.6
Time Min Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
Temp
(mm)
Humid (%)
14:17
10:59
14:56
21:38
0:00
14:32
11:36
13:52
12:36
14:33
23:56
18:34
0:00
15:55
14:00
11:15
11:13
17:04
10:19
13:57
16:24
12:26
14:46
18:51
12:25
17:30
13:48
14:28
13:04
11:51
15:17
0
0
0
11.18
22.61
0
0.254
0.254
0
3.81
0
0
7.874
0
0
0
0
0
50.04
0
0
0
0
0
6.604
0
0.508
5.842
0
0.508
1.524
111.0
53.57
50.04
53.37
71.31
96.6
56.04
74.79
63.65
51.06
63.21
50.49
51.67
86
64.44
71.23
75.18
57.73
44.35
90.5
87.4
56.8
56.11
63.87
58.96
79.58
54.35
69.75
77.89
57.01
46.63
79.14
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
990
87
1.813
203.5
10
15:03
982
14.31
1.949
273.3
15.48
14:08
987
89.8
2.264
54.82
6.272
15:52
999
105.7
1.168
312.7
10
23:42
977
95.8
0.651
298.9
18.82
9:44
983
12.81
4.058
206.2
5.292
3:31
988
104.9
1.31
282.1
17.64
16:15
980
112.4
3.237
232.3
10.98
0:47
989
113.4
1.868
232.2
11.56
15:52
982
49.81
2.316
272.5
9.21
8:33
993
9.02
2.177
197.8
6.86
13:34
1000
48.85
1.59
205.1
7.448
23:49
991
93
1.213
7.403
8.62
0:46
1000
8.68
2.025
1.777
5.586
6:47
996
109.4
1.406
313.4
5.782
8:57
983
18.39
1.288
271.7
19.01
13:04
977
103.4
2.676
213.2
7.84
1:35
991
19.72
1.688
240.6
7.252
1:53
981
86.1
1.32
300.1
13.03
14:25
973
64.57
2.467
303.3
12.15
1:37
978
52.97
2.337
3.402
5.488
20:40
987
123.9
1.237
334.1
8.62
18:50
989
113.1
1.438
252.5
9.41
0:57
987
134.6
1.484
319.4
11.76
20:55
967
47.23
1.582
297.4
13.82
7:52
972
113.8
2.841
10.19
11.66
23:04
982
28.5
2.887
351.3
16.86
10:52
972
113.9
3.696
353.9
10
2:42
982
140.9
1.932
141.2
7.154
3:41
989
144.6
1.692
281.8
15.09
22:57
977
94
2.261
326.6
15.97
13:16
79.2
B1
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
FEBRUARY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
-6.861
-11.94
-11.43
-5.868
-6.323
-12.04
-6.057
-6.779
-9.44
-4.091
-6.453
-6.946
-14.64
-12.69
-13.19
-15.91
-10.87
-5.818
-9.99
-14.22
-10.29
-0.995
-10.32
-14.26
-6.443
-8.72
-8.67
-8.09
-9.3
0.896
-8.88
-3.212
-0.017
-0.507
-5.139
-3.522
-4.36
-8
3.177
0.507
-0.068
-9.86
-8.52
-8.35
-8.92
-5.037
1.215
-5.203
-7.481
-3.495
4.428
-3.395
-8.3
1.134
-4.032
-2.562
0.813
-3.5
Time
12:26
20:52
14:12
19:25
4:58
14:06
10:44
3:50
15:05
15:04
14:25
15:42
14:25
16:37
5:01
14:40
13:24
13:06
10:19
14:56
23:40
12:40
23:59
15:23
14:25
13:58
12:54
16:26
Min Temp
Deg. C
-12.71
-14.2
-17.75
-12.16
-15.56
-18.58
-9
-11.08
-10.83
-8.83
-11.71
-11.22
-19.77
-18.2
-21.86
-22.5
-16.21
-12.48
-15.81
-19.3
-17.79
-3.984
-18.54
-21.49
-13.02
-10.91
-13.63
-15.67
-14.8
Time
23:59
23:57
6:59
0:06
23:56
6:54
23:59
23:55
1:19
0:04
6:59
23:51
6:57
7:00
23:51
1:10
7:41
5:32
23:58
7:12
6:13
1:06
23:50
6:07
1:13
7:24
6:18
6:31
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
14.99
2.54
0.508
1.27
0
0.254
5.842
5.842
8.13
0
0.254
0
3.048
0.254
0.254
0
0.254
0
0
3.556
6.096
0
0
0
0
0
0
53.1
52.2
77.49
60.41
67.83
65.51
57.46
75.08
89
88.1
77.67
60.24
67.64
49.35
68.93
69.55
44.04
48.2
51.3
61.96
47.21
68.68
79.45
46.33
54.78
55.11
50.35
45.01
44.38
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
986
126.6
1.376
336.4
10.88
11:07
973
18.83
2.95
355.9
14.11
23:27
986
124.3
1.673
287.9
15.09
0:17
986
62.8
1.662
183.5
7.056
16:44
982
94.1
2.463
317.3
12.74
11:59
985
120.7
1.837
267.3
10.39
13:08
984
43.84
1.68
201.4
10.78
0:25
983
15.24
1.553
13.55
7.742
19:04
986
31.34
2.72
11.9
9.21
19:38
986
98
2.364
10.38
9.21
3:51
984
163.9
1.615
14.55
9.31
2:32
975
64.69
1.731
193.8
14.8
22:02
982
179.2
2.351
317.5
12.74
2:23
975
47.23
1.52
224.1
7.35
21:50
971
90.9
3.587
329.3
16.76
13:26
982
182.5
2.724
315.4
17.64
3:16
980
119.3
1.096
355.1
5.488
4:44
976
177.8
1.131
192
5.194
20:29
971
138.1
3.106
295.4
21.36
15:02
984
179.8
2.805
301.9
13.72
6:02
993
80.5
2.268
189.6
12.94
13:51
987
119.7
1.073
221.7
5.782
20:38
989
184.8
2.751
312.2
14.8
9:54
986
170.5
2.077
192.8
9.9
18:27
976
188.4
2.005
284.6
13.33
11:52
983
94
1.448
9.3
7.742
1:17
993
207.6
1.643
321
9.02
15:34
1005
213.8
1.216
325.4
6.566
4:17
119.2
B2
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
MARCH
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
-7.837
-3.597
-6.048
1.329
-4.565
-8.49
-4.383
0.005
2.774
4.353
7.556
1.142
-1.102
-0.298
1.645
2.595
2.383
-4.931
-4.256
-4.789
0.236
-4.643
-6.814
-2.02
1.432
3.619
3.376
-0.698
-0.355
1.523
3.85
-0.9
-5.099
1.116
-2.312
4.054
1.03
-1.601
2.906
6.689
8.63
9.49
13.73
4.189
4.662
1.368
6.216
8.94
10.29
-1.553
1.539
-1.873
6.064
0.321
-1.094
6.132
7.872
5.524
6.351
1.622
6.385
6.926
9.09
4.1
Time
15:37
12:09
8:41
13:56
23:59
15:04
16:08
12:58
14:07
15:47
12:42
0:17
13:41
17:05
9:34
16:01
12:55
15:04
15:56
11:55
15:06
23:59
14:33
15:54
13:51
15:47
12:06
23:59
14:47
12:09
13:55
Min Temp
Deg. C
-11.55
-7.193
-10.96
-4.153
-11.06
-16.28
-12.28
-3.902
-3.412
-1.334
3.024
-4.747
-7.753
-2.905
-2.72
-4.915
-4.155
-8.09
-9.83
-7.162
-5.05
-11.42
-12.5
-10.39
-4.223
0.709
1.368
-5.405
-7.01
-2.618
-0.017
-6.1
Time
3:43
2:05
6:06
0:07
23:58
5:30
5:21
0:22
3:49
6:45
3:04
23:58
5:47
3:27
23:50
6:05
23:06
22:36
5:43
4:46
5:12
23:32
1:50
5:53
5:15
0:45
23:42
23:57
4:15
3:06
5:13
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
4.064
0
5.08
7.112
0
0
0
0.254
0
1.778
0
0
0
8.64
0
0
0.508
0
0
2.54
1.524
0
0
0
2.54
13.72
2.032
2.032
0
0
0
51.8
68.49
62.82
62.66
84.3
47.34
38.17
45.21
56.64
43.98
55.75
67.71
32.95
31.31
87.8
76.13
52.45
60.29
31.18
28.93
52.4
74.71
38.85
37.04
40.16
55.35
100
92
78.55
34.98
60.88
48.5
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
998
73.07
1.505
175.1
8.13
15:44
985
168.8
2.764
297
21.66
16:45
989
121.4
2.37
202.5
9.41
19:47
976
40.28
1.601
262.9
12.25
14:10
985
41.38
2.322
319.9
10.68
6:04
995
230.1
1.453
211.7
6.958
1:15
986
178.1
1.535
197.6
8.43
15:26
984
151.1
2.112
276.4
16.86
14:03
987
219.8
2.431
271.7
14.5
9:25
990
132
1.925
187.6
8.04
16:22
980
210.7
2.545
297
15.39
13:01
994
240.9
3.196
323.3
15.88
10:52
999
188.3
1.611
177.1
7.252
14:27
983
31.72
1.319
16.04
6.174
15:53
974
122.6
3.103
323.1
17.74
14:43
979
172.4
1.307
147.3
8.53
1:35
971
127
2.83
287.5
19.01
14:38
981
234.1
3.964
316.8
17.54
15:16
990
259.9
2.142
327.1
13.23
13:25
992
72.55
0.954
189.5
5.096
13:11
981
141.6
1.655
187
13.43
23:50
982
264.5
3.358
308
15.58
9:03
988
270.1
2.473
313.7
14.41
10:59
993
248.9
1.473
11.03
7.154
6:28
993
211.8
2.116
179.1
10.78
16:37
978
59.52
1.271
158.4
6.468
10:10
974
83.5
1.341
339.3
6.86
14:25
978
99.1
2.009
351.7
8.82
18:59
987
283.6
1.78
305.8
7.938
7:34
977
89.8
2.395
231.3
10.39
16:42
975
209.3
1.89
296.2
9.02
0:30
160.6
B3
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
APRIL
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
2.041
6.681
11.27
4.705
1.783
6.398
4.112
1.444
-0.094
4.419
6.546
11.04
12.94
12.96
12.89
11.21
11.18
15.7
10.01
5.924
10.6
9.46
3.621
2.49
6.475
9.08
9.37
11.17
14.7
11.17
8.0
7.652
17.18
16.65
8.84
5.591
13.94
5.939
3.919
0.895
9.54
10.34
19.79
20.83
18.52
18.25
18.55
17
22.77
17.32
7.855
16.04
17.63
8.38
6.25
12.64
13.26
13.63
16.93
21.27
16.78
13.5
Time
14:59
15:31
14:48
23:59
15:32
17:03
23:59
9:07
16:00
20:10
12:55
15:20
13:58
13:51
13:39
15:26
16:46
15:18
16:06
23:50
14:15
12:20
13:14
13:08
14:27
14:28
13:19
14:06
14:29
16:11
Min Temp
Deg. C
-3.176
-2.111
6.564
-0.275
-0.49
-0.777
2.551
-1.115
-1.537
0.101
2.393
1.47
4.788
8.35
7.472
4.416
5.835
8.54
2.947
3.099
7.152
3.015
0.541
-0.287
-0.557
4.519
6.26
5.704
8.45
5.413
3.0
Time
5:36
2:48
1:52
22:18
4:53
3:54
6:07
22:22
6:44
0:23
22:57
3:54
5:16
6:44
23:57
4:18
3:43
4:55
4:31
6:27
23:44
23:54
23:34
4:18
5:07
0:31
4:11
4:44
23:58
5:06
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
0.254
3.302
5.588
0
0
0.762
8.38
1.778
8.64
0
0
0
0.254
0
0
1.778
0
0
23.37
10.16
3.048
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
67.3
32.13
35.19
66
69.85
52.43
58.36
74.82
73.32
98.3
100
68.63
41.95
42.92
44.8
23.12
24.17
80.7
45.64
42.16
88.5
75.12
63
62.56
52.93
44.8
45.93
55.89
48.21
43.95
57.05
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
984
280.8
1.884
333.4
12.05
13:05
985
243.8
2.288
191.2
12.54
14:21
976
97.1
1.364
223.6
7.84
13:16
975
231.5
3.104
307.5
17.54
13:11
988
194
2.659
275.1
13.92
8:02
991
202
1.467
167.9
7.742
14:38
993
52.94
1.114
8.78
6.272
1:04
996
67.07
1.74
50.44
7.644
15:58
995
53.77
1.427
35.57
6.566
4:17
980
64.98
1.476
185.6
6.762
21:47
981
253.9
3.133
297.7
17.25
7:53
991
294.2
1.495
283.4
9.9
11:56
991
274.7
2.649
183.2
11.86
16:05
987
160.9
2.069
295.9
11.37
11:36
990
308
2.325
334.6
11.86
15:17
996
295.6
2.274
171.4
10.68
15:56
984
103.9
2.247
247
13.52
17:12
982
243.7
2.521
310
16.95
16:41
990
297.2
1.902
112.2
9.02
7:08
982
27.14
2.04
65.05
7.35
12:45
972
184
1.854
317.4
12.05
10:44
972
157.4
2.673
210.6
17.93
21:46
972
236.6
3.585
293.3
14.9
9:14
976
157.1
2.612
311.5
10.78
16:54
975
302.6
2.072
332.1
9.7
11:30
973
119.8
1.431
330.8
7.742
12:04
972
164
2.388
332.7
13.52
16:56
975
302.4
2.536
344.2
11.96
14:22
973
275
2.104
333.4
9.31
11:18
979
167.2
1.082
61.57
6.566
17:22
193.8
B4
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
MAY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
11.11
14.13
15.67
19.45
20.84
17.69
19.27
19.49
15.77
23.51
22.83
20.3
12.87
13.89
15.24
16.4
22.89
17.87
15.22
10.88
12.37
14.16
10.37
18.11
18.8
21.91
21.29
19.64
20.26
21.27
14.68
17.4
16.04
23.77
23.2
28.77
27.08
23.86
27.84
30.37
24.58
31.69
30.09
29.06
17.08
20.97
22.3
22.47
29.98
23.94
18.87
14.4
18.28
20.19
17.12
26.98
27.39
29.66
29.21
26.47
26.78
28.92
22.08
24.5
Time
12:09
16:47
15:23
14:06
13:47
14:22
15:23
13:24
15:45
13:32
14:40
13:17
15:12
14:24
16:27
14:57
14:48
16:20
15:51
10:44
14:42
10:33
15:39
14:20
15:55
15:33
13:31
13:18
16:02
14:33
10:09
Min Temp
Deg. C
7.271
4.94
6.376
8.93
15.24
11.24
9.52
9.65
7.845
16.12
16.78
11.53
7.913
6.325
6.815
10.28
15.23
13.33
11.21
6.781
5.7
7.44
2.153
6.291
12.46
16.22
15.51
13.97
12.86
14.14
7.879
10.3
Time
5:16
5:07
5:35
4:32
23:32
23:57
4:52
23:58
5:45
4:48
4:41
23:17
20:46
2:50
4:25
5:06
4:52
6:07
4:26
21:19
3:58
23:58
4:38
2:52
4:40
4:53
3:39
23:45
1:13
4:59
23:54
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.762
0
0
0.254
0.508
0
0
4.572
0
0
0.254
0
0
0
0
15.75
5.334
0
0
11.68
39.1
59.78
52.77
50.32
44.02
38.13
32
36.47
46.48
72.2
67.92
74.47
71.47
51.74
35.89
43.02
72.41
57.26
66.28
92.8
57.98
46.05
40.67
36.34
36.51
65.88
71.08
84
96.6
75.83
79.14
99.1
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
983
171.9
97.7
1.06
6.958
12:26
982
299.7
176.2
1.414
8.33
21:28
986
192.1
195
1.263
7.056
16:37
988
273.5
188.5
2.146
11.76
15:31
990
227.5
319.4
1.586
8.82
1:24
992
277.6
112.8
1.728
8.92
14:25
989
327.6
171.9
1.795
11.27
17:31
989
282.8
137.2
1.542
10.88
16:21
993
267.9
167.2
1.909
9.6
15:12
989
255.3
207.1
1.572
8.33
13:32
986
274.3
171.7
2.296
10.58
17:32
978
192.2
246.2
2.06
13.43
15:28
985
291.8
316.8
2.156
13.43
7:27
994
343.9
322.3
1.378
7.448
17:01
992
245.9
174
1.258
7.448
16:57
989
241.1
180.4
1.679
6.958
12:34
988
323.8
342.4
1.006
6.272
9:52
990
270.2
139.2
1.697
9.6
17:48
981
121
189
1.553
10.88
22:41
979
243
310.3
2.06
17.05
4:25
981
243
214
1.441
8.04
0:11
981
340.6
293.9
2.187
14.01
12:48
993
359.5
287.6
1.691
9.31
17:39
992
325.2
245.6
1.745
10.49
15:27
991
175
166.5
1.6
9.31
18:17
989
247.1
195.3
1.757
7.84
12:21
988
261.4
191.7
2.248
18.91
17:31
989
217.7
218.8
1.729
12.45
14:47
993
316.3
209.5
1.337
6.664
6:19
988
291.6
185.5
2.177
10.68
16:00
988
63.91
75.39
1.781
10
15:04
256.9
B5
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
JUNE
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
7.91
8.55
13.92
13.67
17.07
17.6
16.36
17.05
17.78
20.02
22.91
22.58
22.17
22.11
14.48
16.6
18.14
17.76
20.44
16.21
20.83
22.96
22.05
21.05
20.43
19.04
16.47
11.92
15.63
18.71
17.7
9.45
11.11
21.2
19.57
24.46
22.44
22.47
23.25
22.05
26
28.84
28.25
27.59
27.88
16.71
24.08
23.52
22.4
28.31
22.62
28.55
28.28
29.75
26.81
26.29
24.21
21.25
13.47
21.24
23.08
23.2
Time
13:21
13:59
16:39
16:22
16:12
13:02
16:46
14:45
13:37
16:22
14:20
14:16
13:59
14:13
23:59
17:52
15:37
13:53
14:03
12:28
14:35
14:18
14:00
14:17
13:20
15:42
12:33
13:54
12:36
12:02
Min Temp
Deg. C
6.681
6.364
6.819
8.99
8.39
11.26
10.06
12.2
15.28
12.93
17.24
16.31
18.87
16.58
12.95
12.46
13.4
12.51
14.28
12.3
14.35
18.48
16.78
14.94
13.62
13.42
11.53
10.45
10.02
13
12.7
Time
22:38
4:52
4:44
3:17
4:20
23:58
4:28
1:26
23:58
3:43
4:39
1:29
21:57
23:56
23:18
1:21
23:58
5:37
23:40
3:29
23:59
21:33
23:16
4:40
4:52
6:00
23:48
23:50
1:20
4:02
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
38.1
13.72
0
0
0
0
0
8.13
17.53
0
0
7.366
0.254
0.508
49.02
0.762
0.254
0
0
3.048
27.18
0
7.366
0
0
1.778
13.46
38.86
0.762
0
228.1
100
99.7
73.58
81
74.62
64.52
46.65
77.33
100
80.2
63.76
60.89
69.14
59.98
99.5
100
84.7
87.5
75.46
74.03
92.6
67.59
90.6
67.86
60.85
71.06
73.46
100
100
98.5
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
991
48.53
1.778
28.38
7.546
17:00
990
88.4
1.22
5.641
6.37
7:46
991
358.8
1.308
20.84
6.86
9:21
993
191.1
0.987
180.3
5.586
0:26
986
304.8
1.472
183.7
6.272
13:17
983
298
1.844
5.874
9.8
7:06
989
348.7
2.073
177.7
8.53
18:27
981
201.3
2.699
188.6
11.37
11:34
974
118
2.036
220.9
12.25
23:57
979
315.8
1.489
238
9.21
0:08
980
294
1.729
258.3
10.68
12:48
982
294.6
1.486
206.1
7.84
23:41
982
301.1
1.415
336
10.29
6:26
986
305
1.02
89.4
6.272
23:12
986
46.99
1.358
118.5
7.448
5:57
981
102.6
0.82
340
5.292
23:20
988
303.2
1.25
346.9
8.33
6:04
985
215.3
1.631
184.8
7.154
11:54
982
237.8
1.345
45.91
7.742
9:57
987
202.5
1.394
167.8
8.82
16:05
976
181.2
1.141
329
7.742
19:16
982
307.6
1.615
298.1
9.31
3:08
979
194.1
1.513
223.4
8.72
13:15
983
351.8
1.735
298.3
7.938
8:01
985
270.1
1.186
299.2
7.742
12:43
985
293.8
1.266
6.013
6.566
4:04
988
158
1.227
130.1
7.35
17:00
978
56.14
1.806
24.6
8.82
7:45
980
212.1
1.032
244.7
7.252
16:50
983
202.4
1.041
169
5.586
19:34
226.8
B6
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
JULY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
19.15
19.2
19.72
16.84
20.81
22.59
21.17
22.37
19.29
21.74
23.72
24.46
23.65
20.88
21.97
18.16
20.16
20.66
24.04
25.16
23.37
21.31
20.57
20.36
20.06
20.19
21.04
23.66
26.04
23.22
22.69
21.6
25.48
25.29
25.09
20.88
28.31
27.93
25.7
28.15
24.29
27.71
29.67
31.71
29.24
25.05
28.01
25.48
25.66
25.98
31.25
30.27
29.87
25.93
26.24
27.06
26.61
25.04
27.12
31.91
32.4
29.5
27.74
27.4
Time
15:31
13:42
17:02
17:49
12:59
13:32
12:11
14:26
13:11
15:12
14:44
14:07
12:54
15:20
10:03
16:55
15:26
17:10
14:31
12:58
15:26
13:34
12:58
13:26
13:05
17:03
11:44
13:02
15:41
12:21
13:06
Min Temp
Deg. C
16.1
14.26
14.33
14.2
13.52
16.63
18.45
17.54
15.68
17.27
18.13
17.12
17.93
16.91
14.48
11.93
13.94
16.85
20.26
20.61
18.32
15.5
15.97
14.28
13.94
16.91
17.47
18.45
19.28
17.67
17.42
16.5
Time
23:05
4:05
4:42
4:00
2:39
4:03
4:08
23:55
4:00
3:36
2:39
4:34
23:58
0:29
23:45
4:50
5:00
3:30
4:17
22:35
22:57
3:34
22:15
3:00
4:51
1:36
5:00
4:39
4:55
23:54
1:25
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
23.11
0
0
3.81
0
0
24.89
0
47.24
0.762
0
0
0.762
2.54
0
0
0
3.81
7.62
0
0
0
0
0.254
3.048
8.38
13.72
0
0
6.096
0
146.0
96.9
81.3
57.18
88.3
80.8
78.32
99.5
93
90.3
81.9
62.62
65.64
76.47
99.9
82.6
60.08
66.61
98.8
94.9
73.48
66.23
59.27
60.88
62.45
78.01
99.7
99.2
90.6
75.29
92.2
70.47
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
978
183.7
1.547
233.5
9.8
20:07
981
285.9
1.185
297.2
6.174
12:20
983
339.9
1.337
354.7
5.684
14:39
984
111.2
0.533
321.8
2.352
12:22
987
294.7
0.825
304.3
5.88
13:32
989
297.6
1.151
187.8
7.252
16:06
985
104.4
1.27
186.6
10.19
15:46
983
217
1.208
289.9
5.586
10:27
983
174.1
1.177
114.4
5.978
21:19
982
334.6
1.306
341.4
9.41
9:39
986
305.6
0.867
324.3
5.096
22:20
984
306
0.852
340.5
3.822
5:50
982
230.5
0.924
164.8
6.37
15:17
975
147.9
0.893
176.3
7.742
13:04
975
255
1.431
9.11
8.82
12:14
986
328.9
1.446
4.757
8.23
3:21
987
289.5
1.477
176.2
6.86
15:52
982
121.5
1.718
187.3
6.468
2:05
978
196.1
1.222
191.3
13.13
19:19
975
316.9
1.283
285.6
8.33
10:48
973
260.9
1.36
265.5
8.33
20:45
976
323.5
1.566
308.3
10.09
13:49
981
289.2
1.267
314.7
9.7
9:30
982
276.1
0.946
328
8.23
17:07
985
243.5
1.044
117.4
5.978
17:07
984
109.9
1.338
187.6
6.272
17:43
985
155.6
0.93
209
6.37
11:46
984
269
0.876
319
13.82
13:23
983
291.3
0.98
250.9
4.508
15:55
980
159.9
1.313
201
10.29
14:32
979
325.3
1.633
294.8
10.09
13:41
243.4
B7
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
AUGUST
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
21.65
21.98
23.3
21.33
20.5
19.63
20.69
20.58
20.57
20.96
19.62
20.71
20.03
21.77
22.46
22.47
25.09
25.11
24.21
23.4
20.59
21.37
20.13
22.89
21.14
19.58
18.68
18.85
19.91
21.95
23.81
21.5
27.44
27.82
29.45
28.13
25.44
24.89
27.12
26.36
26.07
27.06
23.55
26.29
25.9
29.29
30.21
29.53
31.41
31.03
29.45
28.04
25.85
28.33
25.41
27.99
26.34
24.62
23.42
25.11
26.42
28.45
29.61
27.3
Time
11:49
14:51
13:52
12:06
13:58
14:30
15:55
13:52
12:25
15:35
15:25
14:47
13:45
15:13
14:30
16:46
12:53
14:24
15:02
11:45
15:30
14:33
14:54
14:20
13:30
12:35
14:12
16:00
14:15
12:02
13:11
Min Temp
Deg. C
15.85
15.43
17.1
16.14
14.52
14.58
14.67
14.6
15.82
14.57
17.91
16.51
13.54
13.86
17.78
16.69
18.92
20.24
19.58
20.28
17.2
15.26
16.44
19.52
17.66
16.14
13.45
12.78
12.79
16.02
17.67
16.2
Time
23:48
5:01
4:21
13:18
4:47
3:06
4:37
4:47
5:03
5:11
4:56
4:22
3:50
4:39
5:30
5:17
4:21
5:30
1:55
5:14
21:53
4:19
5:52
2:27
23:51
5:26
4:33
5:09
5:20
4:23
4:52
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0.508
0
0
26.67
0
0
0
0
0
0
50.55
0.254
0
0
11.68
0
0
0
0
0
16.76
0
1.27
0
29.21
0
0
0
0
0
0
136.9
70.48
63.49
75.21
96.4
80.7
71.49
67.02
68.43
70.9
80.9
99.7
100
95.8
90.2
96.8
100
94.4
94.3
86.2
88.3
100
99.5
100
97.1
100
96.6
92.2
96
95.3
97.9
87.5
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
978
238.9
1.221
279.3
7.742
11:14
981
272.3
1.328
233.2
6.174
10:50
978
280.2
1.712
198.9
10.49
11:24
980
227.9
1.073
297.4
24.99
13:04
981
279.1
1.515
291.1
8.62
14:23
982
254.3
1.249
301.2
7.448
1:26
983
292.1
1.13
18.61
4.802
0:25
985
277.7
1.24
10.01
5.782
11:54
986
257.1
1.363
9.22
6.86
8:14
985
261.1
1.66
187.7
8.04
13:50
978
70.76
1.75
179
11.37
9:01
979
249
0.958
318.3
6.174
12:09
985
303
1.093
319.7
7.742
11:23
989
275.2
1.055
214.3
6.762
12:35
988
207.8
0.887
219
7.546
19:02
988
233.4
0.855
299.8
4.41
10:42
987
255.1
0.909
263.8
4.9
13:52
986
258.5
0.995
191.8
5.488
12:38
987
257.1
1.524
191.2
7.056
12:34
986
179.2
2.085
159
10.88
12:51
986
141.9
0.89
347.5
6.566
23:55
988
275.3
1.117
356.7
7.546
8:28
986
119.4
1.056
6.729
6.664
6:49
982
233.9
1.112
171.1
7.35
12:53
980
101.9
0.977
192.2
6.468
16:23
982
213.3
1.046
318.7
7.252
20:34
986
218.6
1.145
309.5
7.35
9:13
990
238.4
0.79
305.4
6.468
8:43
990
239.7
0.959
253.1
5.488
13:52
987
204.2
0.828
233.5
4.312
15:49
984
245.1
1.299
294.7
9.41
13:57
231.0
B8
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
SEPTEMBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
23.27
23.37
23.91
20.88
19.93
20.86
23.51
26.52
24.81
19.18
18.59
19.02
15.95
14.62
20.2
21.54
21.45
21.28
19.69
17.15
14.05
14.64
17.2
18.97
15.52
13.49
13.25
17.87
20.4
17.16
19.3
29.23
31.42
30.98
26.61
27.84
29.09
31.91
33.26
32.18
22.45
25.85
24.95
19.48
19.08
27.55
27.74
30.21
27.79
25.7
21.51
20.75
18.69
24.26
25.83
21.56
19.82
21.1
24.62
26.05
20.21
25.6
Time
14:45
14:52
14:44
13:41
15:26
15:29
15:31
14:46
14:10
11:49
15:56
13:56
15:50
13:23
15:32
14:55
14:43
15:10
13:51
13:51
14:59
12:53
14:49
14:16
13:12
15:09
14:39
14:45
13:00
6:41
Min Temp
Deg. C
18.13
16.64
18.97
15.34
12.91
12.52
14.97
20.29
19.68
15.28
14.18
14.26
11.1
10.56
13.25
15.41
15.23
15.45
15.12
10.36
8.49
12.17
10.18
13.91
10.78
8.37
5.278
11.02
16.8
9.62
13.5
Time
4:23
4:29
4:42
23:45
5:07
5:25
5:26
4:10
5:01
23:58
4:43
5:09
23:53
1:02
5:29
1:40
5:02
5:36
5:39
23:57
4:39
7:06
5:59
23:57
5:43
23:50
5:48
5:11
3:27
23:55
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
0
1.778
0
0
0
0
0
9.4
22.1
6.604
6.096
35.81
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.096
113.8
201.7
81.5
81.7
87.3
80.5
71.34
74.29
76.53
72.41
84.2
100
98.9
98.1
100
97.7
83.3
93.6
92
91
90.2
72.01
62.9
73.2
69.5
63.12
68.17
74.91
67.47
89.8
98.1
100
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
986
261.1
0.873
347.1
5.292
0:09
984
248.1
0.83
272.1
5.292
12:57
981
202.6
1.046
359.8
6.958
16:22
989
197.9
1.411
21.46
7.154
7:15
993
263.5
0.945
291
3.528
21:03
990
257.3
1.01
180.6
4.606
13:53
986
240.3
1.137
201.8
6.468
14:41
984
228.8
1.076
239.8
5.586
9:26
981
222.7
1.349
203
7.938
11:29
980
69.8
1.421
8.79
8.04
20:03
978
204.9
1.542
0.605
8.72
3:57
978
185.3
0.915
55.2
5.39
21:42
976
53.17
0.986
129.2
7.35
22:09
983
182.2
1.696
281.3
14.7
14:31
993
241.2
1.155
304.7
9.11
2:33
994
229.9
0.867
289.3
4.018
14:07
989
234.7
0.95
247.2
4.018
15:16
985
231.6
1.035
187.2
5.39
14:32
982
179.1
1.586
185.9
8.43
14:03
985
224.6
1.579
346.6
8.04
8:11
992
202
1.612
23.41
6.958
11:00
995
120
1.236
11.36
5.978
13:02
993
231.9
1.117
352.4
6.468
11:38
995
218
1.556
9.11
6.076
8:17
997
191.3
1.15
351.6
6.762
4:52
1000
224.7
1.247
14.02
7.546
7:26
998
229.2
1.108
219.6
4.998
14:38
992
165.7
1.342
185.9
6.468
14:56
986
118.6
1.477
195.4
7.35
20:15
979
75.86
1.958
3.349
10.88
14:45
197.9
B9
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
OCTOBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
11.07
8.38
8.41
9.54
10.26
13.31
14.76
13.06
13.12
9.98
11.48
14.97
14.05
11.98
9.58
9.71
5.738
0.908
3.24
10.88
13.86
13.89
6.31
4.104
9.14
7.493
6.496
8.01
16.14
8.03
5.442
9.8
16.76
10.87
11.64
15.72
18
22.56
22.52
19.62
16.85
17.54
20.56
22.29
19.09
17.03
16.5
15.68
10.42
7.044
10.05
20.12
17.03
20.12
10.69
6.791
14.98
15.62
11.72
16.45
21.39
14.3
10.47
15.8
Time
12:59
12:06
14:01
14:29
14:20
14:57
14:42
14:14
14:18
14:14
14:38
14:03
15:12
12:15
13:12
14:18
11:21
12:19
14:28
15:01
14:05
13:42
12:43
9:17
12:56
14:11
12:49
23:58
11:26
11:41
12:41
Min Temp
Deg. C
7.761
6.883
5.569
5.345
5.481
6.36
8.88
8.91
8.67
4.518
3.421
7.879
10.6
5.683
2.897
6.494
-0.204
-3.243
-4.088
3.649
11.97
9.62
0.794
-0.625
5.098
2.044
1.25
3.193
8.27
0.938
-1.132
4.6
Time
6:02
23:50
7:09
23:39
0:31
5:03
5:21
6:10
1:21
5:00
5:27
5:08
1:33
23:58
5:33
21:31
21:58
23:11
5:20
1:39
23:58
23:26
23:57
4:27
23:53
6:25
6:26
4:39
23:56
23:47
6:03
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
1.016
0.508
0
0
0
0
0
5.08
0
0
0
1.524
0
0
0.508
0
0
0
0
0.254
0.508
0
0
6.858
0
0
51.31
11.43
0
0
79.0
100
99.5
98.5
93.1
93.1
88.6
85.7
91.2
100
92.5
93.6
89.4
99.6
86.9
78.26
80.4
69.54
62.35
54.34
58.23
76.56
84.1
61.81
77.13
98.4
82.2
90.9
100
89.8
76.95
90.9
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
989
124.3
2.319
14.53
10.19
0:05
994
70.81
1.923
16.62
10
12:07
998
78.83
1.996
35.31
9.21
22:34
997
178.6
1.723
45.05
9.11
5:02
991
165.8
1.488
2.462
6.664
10:02
984
186.1
0.841
1.922
5.488
15:04
983
185.7
1.041
308.4
7.35
12:02
988
171.2
1.057
342.6
5.096
7:31
980
24.24
1.424
229.2
9.9
22:40
985
197.4
1.194
329.6
7.644
2:40
981
187.6
1.329
186
7.056
10:54
977
185.7
1.33
183.9
6.174
14:43
970
78.53
1.383
216.9
7.742
19:47
974
136
1.98
290.2
13.33
15:23
981
185.2
1.223
267
7.154
13:53
981
134.2
1.501
268.7
9.51
13:41
985
137
1.736
298.2
14.8
9:09
991
136.8
1.147
324.6
9.51
12:42
994
178.4
1.22
253.4
8.04
13:57
988
83
1.236
239.1
8.43
15:56
993
49.58
0.724
228.8
3.92
1:26
988
81.6
1.429
205.9
10.19
20:04
991
171.1
1.759
345.2
9.41
10:30
995
78.89
1.461
156.5
5.88
11:20
987
64.11
1.723
246.1
12.45
13:10
997
163.8
0.937
354
5.194
8:25
1001
130.6
1.136
340.9
5.39
13:24
991
26.63
1.307
34.11
8.04
23:52
969
125.3
2.409
227
12.45
14:19
980
136.6
1.718
300.4
13.13
11:25
988
138
1.41
188.1
6.86
14:45
128.8
B10
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
NOVEMBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
9.41
12.2
13.64
14.11
14.39
18.2
11.26
7.427
8.39
7.711
6.96
8.08
8.33
3.101
7.013
9.35
2.806
2.908
8.65
9.17
4.184
4.555
0.178
0.051
2.35
6.931
11.56
6.884
0.382
-1.934
7.3
15.88
19.59
22.95
19.43
22.59
22.59
16.78
12.46
16.27
11.33
9.66
11.3
12.01
5.693
14.17
16.08
9.56
6.706
11.79
13.26
10.29
8.28
4.358
7.35
7.197
11.01
18.41
13.24
8.06
1.017
12.6
Time
15:23
13:08
13:24
14:51
14:34
15:26
23:59
13:35
13:24
13:31
13:27
21:59
13:28
15:04
13:25
13:16
14:34
18:56
23:58
12:48
12:56
12:22
10:39
13:58
13:06
14:07
14:51
0:13
13:37
15:02
Min Temp
Deg. C
4.662
7.954
5.329
8.86
7.946
14.6
6.798
3.996
2.465
4.881
4.358
5.709
3.885
0.929
0.456
1.452
-1.639
-3.176
5.557
1.991
1.064
2.247
-3.767
-4.627
-3.243
2.703
7.399
-1.571
-4.476
-4.981
2.6
Time
2:18
2:27
4:58
6:28
6:08
6:11
23:37
4:40
3:33
6:02
1:04
7:09
23:11
23:33
1:10
23:58
6:25
6:32
1:14
23:00
4:03
6:50
22:05
6:43
3:55
7:18
3:11
23:45
6:15
5:41
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0.508
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.048
8.64
6.858
0.254
0
0
0
0
0
26.92
6.096
0
0.762
0
0
0
0
0
2.794
0
0
55.9
96
75.74
72.94
69.02
92.8
84.9
59.35
57.95
58.15
69.43
100
100
93.4
84.7
79.74
66.48
58.36
72.98
98.4
78.74
79.84
86.2
64.51
71.52
78.02
78.96
83.5
95.1
96.2
93.2
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
980
56.07
1.505
206.4
7.448
9:08
985
130.8
1.292
299.9
8.72
8:38
989
139.6
1.369
274.5
12.45
14:15
995
137.6
1.558
204.4
7.056
14:10
991
99.8
1.598
180.6
5.586
15:22
981
65.68
2.005
213
11.47
18:37
983
68.1
2.047
299.9
12.15
12:00
993
135.5
2.033
294.1
11.47
2:14
996
135.3
1.365
239.6
5.88
14:26
988
39.71
1.458
358.5
9.02
23:56
980
56.63
2.455
4.764
11.76
0:40
975
11.99
1.95
178.3
9.02
12:36
969
59.95
2.807
275.5
15.58
22:47
981
93.7
2.813
301.8
13.92
11:12
988
88.3
1.973
279
10.78
2:54
990
124.8
1.564
317.7
9.21
21:35
1001
128.5
1.332
349.8
6.566
5:31
1000
52.64
1.077
182.1
4.116
12:34
991
8.86
1.624
156.4
5.978
17:35
986
119.8
1.653
327.6
9.31
9:57
990
119
1.533
76.62
7.448
9:36
981
43.54
1.428
292.3
10.58
22:54
983
121.6
1.963
326.2
11.56
12:02
993
102.1
1.408
295.5
6.958
3:02
1007
112.1
1.2
203.4
5.978
14:37
1008
76.28
1.533
182.4
6.958
13:03
996
78.41
2.158
213.2
10.78
12:50
989
8.69
1.117
357.5
7.252
10:27
992
119.5
1.074
11.97
5.782
23:37
997
52
1.048
357.8
7.448
0:04
86.2
B11
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: WhatelyMet
DECEMBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp Time Max
Deg. C
Deg. C
Temp
0.325
3.986
5.253
3.816
5.248
3.588
5
2.473
3.298
7.98
6.993
10.94
9.2
8.49
9.71
5.085
4.74
4.71
-0.311
-0.058
2.926
8.72
9.45
12.61
11.85
7.087
5.451
-2.264
-3.53
-2.054
2.679
4.9
2.452
7.519
8.6
8.97
12.87
7.807
13.09
6.96
5.845
13.21
9.56
15.86
12.16
12.36
13.85
10.46
8.82
9.16
2.434
4.85
7.671
11.05
11.66
18.56
15
10.81
10.44
0.845
-1.44
0.297
7.185
9.0
11:09
21:34
2:46
11:26
12:52
14:07
14:01
13:06
23:50
12:59
15:29
13:24
1:31
23:42
3:16
13:10
22:50
3:15
13:35
12:02
23:58
16:58
13:28
15:53
10:03
0:02
16:37
23:59
11:36
23:17
11:37
Min Temp
Deg. C
-2.85
1.894
3.125
-0.084
0.659
-1.605
0.997
0.608
0.189
5.203
4.78
6.132
8.02
6.672
4.206
2.247
2.044
0.135
-2.211
-2.614
-2.414
5.898
7.044
8.31
8.45
4.003
0.659
-4.864
-6.314
-3.637
0.026
1.8
Time Min Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
Temp
(mm)
Humid (%)
3:06
0:02
22:24
5:01
3:46
7:14
4:09
1:26
7:14
0:13
8:33
7:29
22:04
9:00
23:50
7:20
2:10
23:58
23:42
23:32
2:16
7:21
9:10
6:53
7:44
7:27
23:36
19:45
5:50
5:38
1:01
6.096
15.24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.762
0
0
0
11.68
3.048
0
15.49
0
0
0
0
9.65
29.97
3.81
0
0
8.38
0
26.16
4.826
1.27
136.4
100
100
93.5
91.2
95
97.8
90.3
99.3
100
100
100
79.03
78.87
96.7
97
95.7
100
95.4
73.47
78.43
86
98.1
100
97.8
92.5
91.1
100
91.8
99.5
100
94.6
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Avg. Solar
Time Max
Pressure
Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Rad. (W)
Windspeed
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
991
24.86
0.971
0.596
4.704
21:41
978
14.87
0.9
179.4
6.174
18:42
977
79.76
2.745
300.4
17.54
13:09
995
42.29
1.352
306.5
10
14:57
1003
101.2
1.039
295.4
5.292
9:33
996
104.4
0.943
219.7
3.43
12:06
987
100
1.344
334
8.92
23:37
988
60.43
1.503
14.61
6.86
11:11
987
33.82
1.272
181.6
5.292
23:02
982
45.71
1.063
196.2
5.292
0:13
980
29.26
1.3
186.7
5.684
12:19
986
75.92
1.324
289.3
8.92
14:18
989
21.67
1.087
7.289
5.194
7:07
979
13.23
1.349
172
5.292
7:30
968
34.41
2.762
299.5
17.93
9:10
986
106.5
1.486
67.73
7.742
23:27
981
8.3
1.151
137.5
5.782
2:01
973
33.56
1.602
323.7
10.19
16:39
980
81.2
3.659
291
17.44
8:17
995
87.8
2.034
278.3
12.94
4:24
989
52.62
2.085
196.1
8.23
12:15
983
8.45
1.503
205.7
5.292
13:03
989
31.75
0.954
32.19
5.292
0:50
982
31.6
1.636
254.4
7.35
18:15
989
80.9
1.267
260.2
7.546
22:41
998
72.83
1.238
15.98
6.566
6:26
982
19.81
1.191
138
9.31
19:19
997
79.63
2.128
21.41
9.41
2:07
990
14.34
1.639
17.13
7.35
9:58
992
13.15
0.186
20.64
2.156
0:10
984
75.7
1.447
311.1
10.39
12:16
51.0
B12
APPENDIX B
OrchardMet
Monthly Climate
Summaries for 2015
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
JANUARY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp Time Max
Deg. C
Deg. C
Temp
-5.781
-1.998
-4.973
0.231
-4.167
-12.06
-12.62
-14.91
-8.57
-10.73
-9.38
-1.989
-9.94
-12.62
-8.57
-6.768
-11.02
-2.065
0.274
-3.594
-6.829
-3.181
-3.913
-1.987
-3.033
-8.64
-9.57
-9.09
-6.741
-4.098
-12.42
-6.8
-1.195
2.941
-2.904
4.507
3.331
-9.97
-6.645
-8.28
-3.741
-6.081
-4.111
0.034
-1.4
-8.22
-4.031
1.754
-6.2
3.543
3.16
0.64
-2.566
0.728
1.416
-0.41
1.485
-7.598
-4.728
-3.127
-1.046
0.017
-8.77
-2.2
13:16
10:59
14:52
21:48
1:23
14:33
12:20
13:18
14:57
12:08
23:58
19:13
0:05
14:01
12:47
11:25
12:33
17:03
10:16
13:30
15:06
11:36
13:26
13:42
12:03
17:38
14:03
15:16
13:35
12:59
11:38
Min Temp
Deg. C
-10.11
-5.954
-7.214
-3.997
-12.91
-13.85
-19.73
-22.05
-12.32
-13.76
-15.13
-4.486
-15.83
-17.53
-13.36
-13.41
-16.91
-9.04
-2.767
-7.641
-11.66
-6.786
-10.19
-3.82
-10.45
-9.88
-12.14
-12.91
-13.7
-12.5
-16.48
-11.6
Time Min Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
Temp
(mm)
Humid (%)
4:57
1:18
7:46
0:08
11:44
22:44
23:59
5:10
0:00
20:53
1:53
0:39
23:39
6:11
5:23
23:59
7:02
0:42
23:56
23:29
7:28
23:54
6:52
0:17
23:28
23:59
22:43
6:55
5:30
23:58
7:11
0
0
0
14.48
18.03
1.016
0
0.254
0.254
8.89
0
0
4.572
0.254
0
0
0.508
0
48.01
0.508
0
0
0
0.508
5.334
1.778
4.064
11.94
0.762
2.032
1.27
124.5
57
52.07
55.76
73.85
98.3
56.5
77.85
65.26
53.19
68.81
57.29
56.46
91.7
64.76
77.75
77.77
59.83
46.5
91.7
79.02
55.99
57.03
66.5
64.07
87
58.43
72.8
75.26
53.38
47.19
81.1
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1023
3065
1.049
169.3
4.763
13:18
1014
1910
0.857
234.4
4.508
14:35
1019
1137
0.694
7.231
3.44
15:00
1032
561.9
0.359
229.4
3.237
23:46
1010
3247
1.616
245.8
5.021
9:07
1016
1069
0.566
160.3
2.986
13:48
1022
1718
1.24
235.1
4.893
11:36
1012
3238
0.949
189.9
4.198
20:18
1022
849
1.231
191.5
4.616
4:42
1015
1317
0.734
233.4
3.103
11:56
1026
1763
0.85
159.8
4.299
13:35
1033
556.2
0.653
157.9
4.1
23:49
1023
2154
1.06
300.9
4.818
13:12
1032
1087
0.707
296.2
3.133
7:46
1029
1310
0.564
190.8
2.62
4:21
1016
2332
1.061
230.5
5.187
14:34
1010
3503
0.896
162.5
4.168
21:43
1024
563
0.718
195.9
3.989
0:11
1013
1785
0.961
245.8
3.894
14:20
1005
2631
0.893
249.2
3.397
2:57
1011
2425
0.718
307.9
3.446
8:04
1020
2021
0.635
271.6
2.512
19:55
1022
3793
0.646
211.7
3.123
1:19
1020
411.4
0.69
271.7
3.701
13:49
999
3313
1.108
243.4
4.769
7:56
1004
312
1.811
305.7
5.968
23:51
960
1853
2.081
288.3
6.844
5:58
1005
2489
1.05
292.9
4.717
8:46
1015
4032
0.937
151.9
3.9
3:41
1022
1255
0.99
226.5
4.956
20:50
1010
4470
1.427
266.7
5.462
10:35
2005.5
B1
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
FEBRUARY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
-7.492
-12.13
-12.31
-6.304
-6.75
-12.61
-6.341
-6.946
-9.64
-4.571
-7.436
-7.384
-15.18
-12.96
-13.42
-16.38
-11.7
-7.245
-10.27
-14.66
-10.63
-1.786
-10.8
-14.84
-7.158
-9.13
-9.5
-9.17
-9.8
-0.601
-9.38
-5.338
-0.41
-1.195
-5.893
-4.014
-4.756
-8.29
0.82
-2.972
-0.803
-10.68
-8.72
-8.53
-10.12
-6.416
-1.994
-5.442
-8.19
-3.825
2.577
-4.033
-9.36
1.019
-5.842
-3.224
-1.298
-4.5
Time
13:03
0:03
13:38
19:08
1:02
13:54
11:18
8:56
16:30
15:07
15:05
15:34
13:42
16:01
5:00
15:01
15:13
13:45
12:18
13:33
23:52
13:54
0:54
15:15
13:14
14:11
14:24
14:55
Min Temp
Deg. C
-13.4
-14.42
-18.35
-13.26
-15.71
-18.99
-10.38
-10.95
-10.81
-8.6
-12.01
-11.34
-19.3
-18.81
-21.8
-22.25
-16.03
-13.43
-15.85
-19
-18.44
-4.479
-18.56
-22.13
-13.7
-11.25
-13.64
-16.53
-15.1
Time
0:17
23:59
7:13
1:06
23:56
7:16
0:00
22:24
23:59
0:06
7:01
23:58
7:14
6:33
23:46
2:18
7:51
1:37
23:57
7:23
6:20
23:55
23:06
5:57
7:03
10:37
6:14
3:20
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
1.524
17.78
4.826
0
0.508
0
0
7.62
13.97
8.64
0
0
0
0
4.318
0
0
0
0
0
5.334
7.112
0
0
0
0
0
0
71.6
55.03
83.8
63.96
71.49
65.53
58.22
77.67
90.8
87.1
75.48
56.59
70.86
47.61
72
68.24
41.94
48.94
55.39
66.67
49.88
71.31
83.8
49.87
59.7
60.12
52.45
49.73
49.72
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1019
3996
0.735
285.5
3.881
12:48
1007
760.4
1.651
291.7
5.579
15:11
1019
3513
0.836
257.7
4.394
2:25
1019
2007
0.943
141.6
3.838
16:44
1014
2259
1.127
259.1
5.014
15:15
1018
3701
0.832
219.1
3.42
12:38
1016
1465
0.905
163.7
3.355
0:07
1016
397.2
0.984
323.9
4.077
20:01
1019
622.8
1.685
310.8
4.972
12:14
1018
1955
1.423
307
5.054
9:26
1017
5151
0.917
311.1
4.701
9:48
1008
1788
0.782
152.8
3.848
20:07
1015
5251
1.026
264.3
4.08
3:55
1009
1506
0.709
194.8
3.525
11:50
1004
1811
1.649
271.9
5.406
12:30
1015
5483
1.203
258.5
4.528
14:23
1013
3834
0.669
303.2
3.388
8:21
1009
5431
0.649
160.3
3.267
13:29
1004
3578
1.218
250.1
5.122
13:32
1017
5105
1.182
254.6
4.776
12:24
1026
2530
1.295
152.5
6.403
13:52
1019
3083
0.483
143.2
2.394
14:49
1022
5523
1.176
260.3
5.645
14:59
1019
5095
1.148
150.6
4.978
18:09
1009
5670
0.808
239.4
3.861
11:22
1016
2983
0.857
311.2
3.757
12:39
1026
6440
0.727
273
3.868
10:53
1037
6619
0.657
280.5
3.035
13:29
3484.2
B2
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
MARCH
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
1.446
5.535
10.4
4.718
1.499
5.383
4.027
1.377
-0.216
3.818
6.302
10.1
12.32
12.59
12.35
10.74
10.66
15.15
9.57
5.772
10.19
9.28
3.711
2.502
6.145
8.66
9.23
10.6
14.14
10.41
2.0
6.333
15.82
15.93
8.65
5.084
12.77
6.762
3.671
0.701
8.89
11.33
19.46
21.37
18.9
18.94
18.86
16.97
22.99
15.96
7.506
16.35
17.88
9.55
6.943
13.23
13.47
14.32
17.41
20.64
15.53
7.0
7.4
13.2
Time
14:23
16:14
15:39
0:11
11:10
16:53
23:59
10:22
16:46
21:13
12:58
16:00
14:41
14:49
13:58
15:48
16:08
16:12
15:03
23:54
15:08
13:25
14:10
13:30
14:47
15:28
13:33
14:46
15:20
17:08
12:43
Min Temp
Deg. C
-3.469
-3.478
5.273
-0.634
-1.11
-1.264
2.151
-1.008
-1.571
0.112
1.571
0.7
4.234
7.624
7.048
4.131
5.331
8.03
2.561
3.345
7.093
3.09
0.685
-0.546
-1.181
3.559
5.921
5.546
8.78
4.593
-0.4
2.5
Time
6:21
4:42
2:40
23:55
1:54
4:43
23:37
22:26
7:26
1:54
23:45
4:51
6:15
6:58
6:15
5:05
4:52
5:49
5:31
7:22
23:38
23:57
23:56
5:55
6:18
1:51
5:27
5:22
5:58
4:40
7:08
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0.254
0.254
0
6.35
0
0.254
0.762
1.016
5.842
11.68
0.254
0
0
0.254
0
0
1.778
0
0
22.61
9.4
2.286
0.254
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.4
70.6
34.82
39.34
70.29
69.95
56.91
64.62
79
73.55
96.2
99.4
62.3
43.28
45.56
49.6
27.36
27.08
78.84
49.84
46.18
89.5
74.89
64.17
63.61
55.55
47.64
49.76
58.6
50.68
47.43
63.81
99.9
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1015
7999
0.97
276.7
4.884
15:49
1018
7967
1.24
153.1
6.05
16:36
1009
3244
0.64
175.5
2.933
3:55
1007
6811
1.272
255.5
4.756
16:31
1020
6230
1.096
230.3
4.1
9:15
1024
6200
0.803
108.4
4.103
12:10
1025
1739
0.713
312.9
3.58
9:54
1029
2152
1.192
8.52
3.577
7:20
1027
1510
1.032
355.4
3.842
4:54
1013
1972
0.781
138.9
3.11
15:54
1013
7661
1.31
243.6
5.031
16:28
1023
7999
0.672
238.1
3.159
15:27
1024
7999
1.585
138.8
7.317
17:21
1020
5351
0.979
233
4.449
0:50
1022
7999
1.174
271
5.315
10:52
1028
7999
1.28
142.7
5.086
17:42
1017
2783
1.014
195.4
3.766
6:22
1014
7702
1.107
249.4
4.786
16:56
1023
7999
1.218
150.3
5.988
8:04
1016
946
1.222
29.65
3.721
15:34
1004
5459
0.9
263.9
4.018
3:21
1005
5348
1.375
177.7
6.713
16:52
1004
7372
1.346
241.7
4.802
11:22
1008
4847
1.152
255.2
4.054
9:25
1008
7999
1.004
266.3
4.08
13:01
1005
3776
0.635
266.1
3.776
11:00
1004
5142
1.165
268.5
4.965
16:28
1007
7999
1.448
280.7
7.118
12:17
1006
7999
1.193
275.5
5.187
13:01
1011
5072
0.754
14.33
4.142
18:15
980
137.2
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
5529.4
B3
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
APRIL
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
1.446
5.535
10.4
4.718
1.499
5.383
4.027
1.377
-0.216
3.818
6.302
10.1
12.32
12.59
12.35
10.74
10.66
15.15
9.57
5.772
10.19
9.28
3.711
2.502
6.145
8.66
9.23
10.6
14.14
10.41
7.6
6.333
15.82
15.93
8.65
5.084
12.77
6.762
3.671
0.701
8.89
11.33
19.46
21.37
18.9
18.94
18.86
16.97
22.99
15.96
7.506
16.35
17.88
9.55
6.943
13.23
13.47
14.32
17.41
20.64
15.53
13.4
Time
14:23
16:14
15:39
0:11
11:10
16:53
23:59
10:22
16:46
21:13
12:58
16:00
14:41
14:49
13:58
15:48
16:08
16:12
15:03
23:54
15:08
13:25
14:10
13:30
14:47
15:28
13:33
14:46
15:20
17:08
Min Temp
Deg. C
-3.469
-3.478
5.273
-0.634
-1.11
-1.264
2.151
-1.008
-1.571
0.112
1.571
0.7
4.234
7.624
7.048
4.131
5.331
8.03
2.561
3.345
7.093
3.09
0.685
-0.546
-1.181
3.559
5.921
5.546
8.78
4.593
2.6
Time
6:21
4:42
2:40
23:55
1:54
4:43
23:37
22:26
7:26
1:54
23:45
4:51
6:15
6:58
6:15
5:05
4:52
5:49
5:31
7:22
23:38
23:57
23:56
5:55
6:18
1:51
5:27
5:22
5:58
4:40
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0.254
0.254
0
6.35
0
0.254
0.762
1.016
5.842
11.68
0.254
0
0
0.254
0
0
1.778
0
0
22.61
9.4
2.286
0.254
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
63.2
34.82
39.34
70.29
69.95
56.91
64.62
79
73.55
96.2
99.4
62.3
43.28
45.56
49.6
27.36
27.08
78.84
49.84
46.18
89.5
74.89
64.17
63.61
55.55
47.64
49.76
58.6
50.68
47.43
63.81
Solar Rad.
(mmoles_
m-2)
1015
1018
1009
1007
1020
1024
1025
1029
1027
1013
1013
1023
1024
1020
1022
1028
1017
1014
1023
1016
1004
1005
1004
1008
1008
1005
1004
1007
1006
1011
Avg. Solar
Rad. (W)
7999
7967
3244
6811
6230
6200
1739
2152
1510
1972
7661
7999
7999
5351
7999
7999
2783
7702
7999
946
5459
5348
7372
4847
7999
3776
5142
7999
7999
5072
Avg.
Windspeed
(mps)
0.97
1.24
0.64
1.272
1.096
0.803
0.713
1.192
1.032
0.781
1.31
0.672
1.585
0.979
1.174
1.28
1.014
1.107
1.218
1.222
0.9
1.375
1.346
1.152
1.004
0.635
1.165
1.448
1.193
0.754
Wind
Direction
(deg)
276.7
153.1
175.5
255.5
230.3
108.4
312.9
8.52
355.4
138.9
243.6
238.1
138.8
233
271
142.7
195.4
249.4
150.3
29.65
263.9
177.7
241.7
255.2
266.3
266.1
268.5
280.7
275.5
14.33
Max
Windspeed
(mps)
4.884
6.05
2.933
4.756
4.1
4.103
3.58
3.577
3.842
3.11
5.031
3.159
7.317
4.449
5.315
5.086
3.766
4.786
5.988
3.721
4.018
6.713
4.802
4.054
4.08
3.776
4.965
7.118
5.187
4.142
Time Max
Windspeed
15:49
16:36
3:55
16:31
9:15
12:10
9:54
7:20
4:54
15:54
16:28
15:27
17:21
0:50
10:52
17:42
6:22
16:56
8:04
15:34
3:21
16:52
11:22
9:25
13:01
11:00
16:28
12:17
13:01
18:15
5709.2
B4
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
MAY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
10.72
13.25
14.97
18.63
20.23
17.01
18.32
18.98
15.17
22.74
22.35
20.15
12.76
12.91
14.22
15.78
21.48
17.38
14.89
10.69
11.64
13.76
9.77
16.94
18.09
21.2
20.93
19.19
19.35
20.63
14.96
16.7
14.69
21.88
22.71
29.31
26.69
23.08
27.39
29.64
23.93
30.97
29.44
28.19
17.34
20.88
21.3
21.74
28.81
22.67
18.66
14.47
17.56
20.38
16.45
26.41
25.66
27.79
28.83
26.55
25.7
28.09
21.4
23.8
Time
12:39
15:57
16:23
15:03
14:02
16:00
14:59
14:25
15:12
14:24
15:17
14:11
14:17
14:08
15:54
15:39
15:19
15:21
16:51
11:04
15:33
12:26
15:00
15:03
16:41
16:47
14:50
14:16
15:34
15:30
11:08
Min Temp
Deg. C
7.338
4.727
5.887
8.55
13.85
12.26
8.65
10.86
7.83
15.92
16.37
11.66
8.04
5.891
6.335
9.7
14.79
13.33
11.16
6.209
5.273
8.42
1.731
5.666
12.22
15.94
15.33
14.51
12.59
13.95
8.48
10.1
Time
6:01
6:13
4:13
5:39
23:58
23:58
5:48
5:27
6:17
6:05
5:40
23:48
23:58
3:48
3:57
6:02
6:07
7:30
5:38
22:25
4:58
4:55
5:32
4:11
5:28
5:56
4:46
23:56
2:04
5:34
23:55
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.508
0
0
0
0.762
0
0
3.81
0
0
0.508
0
0
0
0
12.7
4.318
0
0
9.91
32.5
64.71
57.37
54.52
49.2
42.89
36.81
43.23
52.94
77.87
70.34
77.32
74.42
56.49
42.71
51.75
77.72
63.47
72.11
90.9
63.27
52.68
48.28
42.92
44.66
71.95
75.01
84.4
93
74.16
80.4
96.3
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1015
5638
0.815
48.92
4.116
11:41
1015
7999
0.884
113.6
5.04
22:46
1018
6386
0.709
150.3
3.388
17:36
1021
7999
1.178
141.8
5.272
13:33
1022
7697
0.791
253.8
4.459
11:33
1025
7999
0.945
217.7
4.109
15:27
1022
7999
0.956
117.9
4.717
15:11
1021
7999
0.919
93
4.524
16:51
1025
7992
1.101
123.1
4.449
15:00
1021
7999
0.803
171.3
3.949
10:59
1019
7999
1.195
117.8
5.383
13:36
1010
5897
0.98
198
3.548
0:48
1017
7863
0.922
249.8
4.185
15:49
1027
7999
0.638
256.6
4.109
8:24
1025
7686
0.623
129.2
4.214
15:56
1021
7564
0.921
133.1
3.649
13:40
1020
7999
0.552
300.5
3.09
11:53
1022
7999
1.066
92.8
4.162
18:49
1013
3717
0.873
135.8
3.25
0:52
1011
7245
0.927
247.5
3.162
13:01
1014
7491
0.691
190.9
3.74
13:13
1013
7999
0.826
240.4
3.208
22:44
1025
7999
0.659
240.7
2.947
10:26
1025
7999
0.542
223.6
2.424
11:06
1023
4720
0.837
109.9
4.665
19:04
1021
7742
0.909
149.4
3.639
12:37
1021
7999
1.292
142.3
6.197
14:03
1021
5504
0.904
174.3
4.178
14:00
1026
7999
0.593
255.2
3.365
8:34
1021
7999
1.22
139.4
4.694
15:44
1020
2009
1.027
147.9
4.296
13:16
7197.9
B5
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
JUNE
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
7.942
8.27
12.66
12.79
16.26
16.99
15.58
16.65
17.31
19.23
21.72
21.5
20.94
21.01
14.6
15.98
17.35
17.29
19.88
15.64
19.25
21.49
21.15
19.93
19.44
17.8
15.81
12.07
15.3
18.44
17.0
9.28
10.61
19.35
17.7
22.53
21.54
21.62
22.58
22.2
25.47
28.1
27.32
25.88
26.51
17.92
20.79
22.44
22.15
27.47
21.98
27.01
27.39
28.21
25.77
25.34
22.36
20.18
13.5
22.67
23.63
22.3
Time
14:07
16:36
14:46
15:20
17:18
12:49
15:07
15:36
14:29
15:09
14:41
14:58
14:17
15:34
0:00
18:33
14:29
14:52
14:38
13:17
15:35
13:35
14:46
15:11
14:19
15:57
14:13
15:07
14:55
13:05
Min Temp
Deg. C
6.742
6.439
6.437
9.29
8.56
11.6
9.14
12.17
14.61
12.15
16.66
15.04
17.69
16.74
13.3
12.43
13.96
12.5
14.3
11.49
14.25
17.71
16.72
14.83
13.48
13.42
11.76
10.79
10.2
12.81
12.6
Time
23:33
5:37
5:38
3:45
5:15
23:43
5:23
2:35
23:16
5:35
5:12
4:19
23:46
6:21
23:42
4:05
5:40
6:28
23:55
6:00
0:15
23:44
23:59
5:50
5:36
7:02
23:44
23:59
4:34
5:37
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
35.81
13.46
0
0
0
0
0
7.366
14.48
0.254
0
5.08
1.27
0.254
45.97
0.762
0.254
0
0
1.778
25.4
0
6.604
0
0
1.524
10.41
36.58
0.508
0.254
208.0
97.6
94.6
74.44
82.8
76.57
66.45
51.02
77.62
98.2
73.43
70.82
65.46
73.23
65.94
98.6
98.9
71.15
80.9
73.69
73.21
94.6
76.11
87.9
72.62
69.82
74.05
77.42
97.3
90.7
83.4
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1024
1526
4.975
342.2
3.139
13:31
1023
2760
4.961
308.4
2.826
12:59
1023
7999
6.438
350
4.047
9:40
1025
4678
7.171
119.7
2.688
1:27
1019
7999
6.291
134.6
3.74
14:33
1015
7999
8.06
287.3
4.746
17:26
1021
7999
7.514
168.7
4.629
19:28
1014
6082
5.351
146.7
6.118
15:56
1006
2711
4.656
175.2
3.443
12:57
1011
7999
7.471
226.3
3.296
22:43
1012
7999
8.56
220.7
2.394
13:01
1015
7999
6.284
166.1
3.603
15:07
1014
7999
8.26
284.8
4.531
8:22
1018
7999
5.805
340.3
3.012
12:36
1018
1517
8.2
81.2
3.554
7:19
1013
2780
7.107
352.4
2.212
12:05
1020
7999
8.41
297.6
4.319
7:01
1018
7013
9.46
138.6
3.688
12:54
1014
7779
6.443
100.7
3.221
11:32
1020
6975
8.49
168.7
3.678
16:51
1009
4760
7.887
296.5
2.662
13:23
1013
7999
5.098
257.7
2.071
11:39
1011
5510
7.049
192
3.766
9:53
1015
7999
4.092
247.5
3.169
11:41
1017
7999
7.268
250.7
3.025
9:47
1017
7999
6.795
300.4
2.963
9:49
1021
5284
6.049
103.3
2.835
18:28
1011
1734
6.353
332.4
4.505
8:07
1011
6351
7.681
199.3
2.022
10:42
1016
6960
14.85
102.1
3.211
12:57
6213.5
B6
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
JULY
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
18.63
18.3
18.63
16.07
19.39
21.56
20.88
21.55
18.67
20.69
22.01
22.76
22.52
20.5
21.46
17.01
19.03
20.23
23.36
23.7
22.26
20.56
19.72
19.08
19.32
19.69
20.34
22.33
24.29
22.79
21.08
20.6
24.66
23.79
24.37
18.45
27.26
27.32
25.54
27.03
22.87
26.25
28.29
29.95
28.03
24.64
26.04
23.59
24.65
24.56
30.05
29.37
28.4
25.73
25.77
25.82
25.28
24.15
27.01
30.63
31.16
29.27
26.98
26.4
Time
15:17
14:25
13:54
16:38
13:49
14:33
15:12
13:31
14:09
15:01
15:31
15:07
15:16
14:02
11:09
15:16
15:48
18:10
15:03
13:49
15:25
15:13
13:54
15:26
13:50
14:26
12:32
14:10
15:11
13:17
13:55
Min Temp
Deg. C
15.28
13.76
13.73
12.35
13.05
15.45
18.42
17.37
15.42
17.47
16.08
15.84
17.71
16.87
15.1
11.97
13.03
16.89
19.88
19.57
18.01
14.93
14.99
13.41
13.64
16.79
17.25
17.83
18.42
17.98
16.33
16.0
Time
23:29
5:13
5:47
3:44
5:49
5:21
2:16
23:56
4:44
4:50
6:11
5:17
5:44
1:42
23:53
5:52
5:38
4:57
5:29
23:50
3:00
5:38
23:54
5:41
6:04
2:48
5:53
6:22
5:56
23:57
2:15
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
19.81
0.254
0
3.302
0
0
20.07
0
9.65
32.26
0
0
0.508
2.032
0.254
0
0
3.302
6.096
0
0
0
0
0
3.556
6.604
11.94
0
0
5.334
0.254
125.2
92.3
81.3
60.45
87.5
81.3
77.36
95.2
89.2
82.5
80.1
66.6
70.76
80.2
92.4
80.2
63.35
70.41
93.6
92.6
78.33
73.08
65.05
66.44
69.32
78.35
94.6
94.9
86.6
77.18
89.4
74.52
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1010
4933
0.529
206.8
3.423
12:53
1013
7999
0.387
247.5
2.114
12:19
1015
7999
0.61
285.3
2.953
9:42
1016
3171
0.187
307.8
1.473
17:38
1020
7999
0.333
300.5
2.639
11:10
1022
7999
0.525
146.7
3.214
17:14
1018
3272
0.586
137.2
4.501
14:29
1015
6200
0.391
218.2
2.747
14:11
1016
5618
0.551
190.7
2.46
22:30
1014
7999
0.651
279.8
4.335
11:55
1019
7999
0.39
277.5
2.633
10:44
1017
7999
0.44
327.5
2.568
13:20
1014
7274
0.408
231.6
3.113
16:18
1007
4238
0.434
116.9
3.94
14:04
1007
7267
0.779
314.7
4.243
13:16
1018
7999
0.742
283.4
4.544
10:07
1019
7999
0.718
171.1
3.878
15:57
1015
2881
0.955
142.1
3.499
10:01
1011
6071
0.545
128
3.051
13:38
1007
7999
0.393
270.7
1.64
14:27
1005
7999
0.599
229.4
3.531
12:39
1007
7999
0.639
250.8
2.293
10:23
1013
7999
0.535
253.7
2.767
1:51
1015
7999
0.426
273.7
2.855
14:25
1017
7999
0.503
93.1
2.607
18:10
1016
3007
0.63
130.3
3.593
18:46
1017
4938
0.378
88.6
2.649
12:45
1016
7999
0.41
302.6
5.818
14:23
1016
7999
0.418
223
2.662
12:23
1012
5205
0.606
154.7
4.27
13:31
1011
7999
0.495
265.3
1.967
12:00
6711.5
B7
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
AUGUST
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
20.56
20.84
22.76
20.36
19.34
18.8
19.3
19.38
19.55
20.48
19.59
19.88
19.16
20.9
21.85
21.71
23.77
24.16
23.62
23.02
20.27
20.16
19.58
22.35
20.97
18.88
17.79
17.27
18.57
20.84
24.53
20.7
27.09
26.9
29.32
26.94
25.39
24.19
24.77
25.28
25.22
26.54
23.33
26.23
25.36
28.08
29.62
28.23
30.77
30.19
29
27.74
24.11
26.61
23.32
27.72
27.09
24.48
23.26
21.71
25.07
26.95
28.93
26.4
Time
12:43
15:48
14:19
13:03
14:55
14:14
15:36
14:17
14:30
14:26
15:56
15:08
13:59
16:13
13:45
14:29
13:49
15:16
14:38
12:43
14:48
15:02
15:49
14:48
14:30
12:22
14:28
17:37
13:54
15:33
14:09
Min Temp
Deg. C
16.38
14.42
16.49
15.81
14.23
14.24
14
14.23
15.26
14.84
17.98
16.09
13.71
13.36
17.42
16.67
18.49
19.38
19.21
20.14
16.91
14.91
16.48
19.36
18.51
15.69
13.31
15.26
12.42
15.33
19.82
16.1
Time
23:59
5:59
4:48
14:22
5:57
5:59
5:22
5:48
6:05
6:03
5:31
6:32
4:59
6:12
6:26
6:08
6:17
6:06
3:04
22:45
23:05
5:36
6:31
3:51
23:58
23:34
5:33
23:22
6:21
5:48
23:48
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0.254
0
0
20.32
0
0
0
0
0
0
46.23
0
0
0.254
9.14
0.254
0
0
0
0
15.49
0
1.27
0
25.91
0
0
0
0
0
0
119.1
75.19
68.18
74.73
90.3
75.33
71.03
67.51
69.88
72.04
77.01
95.6
85.6
74.96
76.27
87.9
88.4
80.5
80.9
80.3
83.8
92.7
77.71
92.4
83.8
96.7
82.3
78.13
81.8
77.43
82.1
72.06
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1010
6691
0.366
255.6
1.63
11:50
1013
7999
0.544
222.8
3.619
11:54
1010
7999
0.782
164.4
4.41
16:01
1012
6683
0.446
268.2
3.659
14:13
1013
7999
0.506
249.2
1.65
14:10
1015
7981
0.442
259.1
1.986
1:49
1015
7999
0.568
297.6
3.727
13:11
1017
7999
0.563
284.4
3.045
12:04
1018
7656
0.644
281.4
3.521
10:08
1018
7999
0.764
142.8
3.992
13:53
1011
2101
0.968
123.5
4.714
8:58
1011
7756
0.334
282.7
1.95
10:54
1017
7999
0.355
266.8
1.95
13:34
1021
7999
0.449
198.5
3.218
10:58
1020
6841
0.386
143.7
2.483
12:55
1020
7070
0.39
341
2.306
12:52
1019
7999
0.309
255.5
3.041
13:30
1018
7999
0.429
166.8
2.901
15:29
1019
7796
0.761
145
3.531
13:35
1019
5205
1.125
100.7
4.25
13:53
1018
3917
0.4
44.77
2.744
14:39
1020
7999
0.589
288.8
3.636
9:30
1018
3718
0.448
292.3
2.662
12:28
1014
6975
0.546
116.5
3.548
14:41
1012
2882
0.45
132
2.303
11:31
1014
6706
0.393
270.8
2.463
11:00
1018
6617
0.424
257.9
1.983
9:48
948
173
0.306
287
1.303
17:34
1022
7312
0.363
243.6
2.46
12:19
1019
6306
0.317
266
2.169
12:11
992
7259
0.615
239.5
1.767
14:17
6633.4
B8
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
SEPTEMBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
21.95
22.07
22.6
19.87
18.26
19.69
22.16
24.88
24.28
19.3
17.69
17.77
16.1
13.8
18.39
22.57
20.11
20.04
19.12
16.87
12.98
13.94
15.19
17.73
14.36
12.59
11.88
17.02
20.04
17.7
18.4
27.38
29.57
29.1
24.43
25.15
27.86
30.6
31.89
31.31
21.95
23.06
24.11
19.09
18.68
25.43
26.3
27.79
26.96
24.97
20.62
18.98
17.78
22.99
23.12
19.53
17.77
20.01
23.23
25.58
20.11
24.2
Time
14:39
15:03
14:38
14:46
14:55
15:11
14:05
14:48
14:39
12:54
14:07
14:37
17:05
14:22
14:20
15:00
14:48
14:37
13:46
13:40
14:29
13:48
14:35
13:16
14:16
14:28
14:04
15:43
13:39
8:09
Min Temp
Deg. C
17.79
16.2
18.33
15.14
12.35
12.01
14.71
18.96
19.25
15.7
14.38
12.81
12.12
10.56
12.49
17.18
14.13
13.65
15.04
11.17
8.55
11.15
8.84
13.01
10.81
8.58
5.137
10.47
16.73
10.89
13.3
Time
6:51
6:37
5:40
23:55
6:40
6:06
6:42
6:21
6:11
23:59
6:32
6:55
23:54
1:59
6:39
23:57
6:51
6:45
6:39
23:53
5:45
0:04
7:07
5:53
6:39
23:59
7:07
6:28
4:29
23:58
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
0
1.524
0
0
0
0
0
7.874
18.8
7.366
4.572
33.27
0.254
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.572
102.6
180.8
76.15
80.7
84.1
76.55
73.21
76.04
77.31
76.32
81.2
95.4
89.7
87.2
97
88.4
72.04
71.71
78.87
75.87
85
69.24
65.4
71.99
72.12
65.65
71.89
75.77
71.97
85.4
93.8
93.7
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1018
7967
0.457
287.4
2.646
11:58
1016
7743
0.339
298.7
2.247
10:13
1013
6854
0.424
289.4
2.858
10:51
1021
5437
0.718
301
3.796
8:09
1026
7999
0.414
270.2
2.094
10:39
1023
7789
0.469
120.3
2.463
15:05
1018
7306
0.414
139.2
2.933
11:05
1016
7205
0.304
214.7
1.842
13:23
1013
7353
0.559
159.9
3.809
20:22
1012
2210
0.677
289.8
3.528
22:14
1010
5626
0.81
294.8
3.923
10:52
1011
6240
0.418
356.5
2.94
12:54
1008
1722
0.464
86.3
2.666
1:09
1014
4826
0.613
255.7
2.996
15:39
1025
7269
0.529
257.2
2.306
9:22
998
6071
0.541
265.3
2.466
15:08
1022
7034
0.398
216.4
2.323
14:18
1018
6969
0.475
189.9
2.747
16:14
1015
4851
0.818
136.2
3.26
15:17
1017
6480
0.777
253.5
3.365
12:35
1025
6334
0.724
304.2
3.799
12:00
1027
3622
0.571
290.9
2.662
14:02
1025
6925
0.527
288.5
3.825
12:25
1027
6490
0.635
283.4
3.316
12:37
1030
5743
0.552
251.1
2.349
8:54
1032
6728
0.684
292.7
3.554
9:26
1031
6866
0.449
225
2.78
10:27
1025
5333
0.557
134.9
3.44
16:02
1019
3837
0.663
148.9
4.113
13:32
1011
2268
0.985
282.7
4.825
22:22
5969.9
B9
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
OCTOBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
11.26
8.46
8.29
9.16
9.15
11.69
13.51
11.95
12.85
9.33
10.75
14.05
13.81
11.36
8.62
9.07
5.772
0.947
2.274
9.61
12.95
13.36
6.072
3.594
8.97
6.347
5.486
7.221
16.06
7.885
4.71
9.2
15.91
10.72
11.23
14.82
14.96
18.91
19.81
16.83
16.8
14.59
18.92
21.47
18.72
16.56
15.68
14.37
10.33
6.981
8.34
18
15.71
19.68
9.57
6.482
14.51
12.66
10.72
14.83
21.58
14.23
10.21
14.6
Time
14:02
13:00
14:54
14:02
14:40
14:55
14:40
13:28
15:18
14:49
14:27
13:52
16:23
12:45
13:57
13:53
12:59
13:14
13:59
14:34
15:32
14:41
0:02
16:19
13:48
13:55
13:53
23:49
12:50
13:05
13:38
Min Temp
Deg. C
8.25
7.078
5.919
5.459
5.085
6.215
8.63
8.64
8.16
5.05
3.242
7.967
10.79
6.37
2.986
5.801
0.052
-2.821
-4.031
3.396
10.49
9.52
1.366
-0.546
5.716
1.314
0.548
2.867
7.727
2.048
-1.332
4.6
Time
7:05
20:43
7:55
23:50
0:55
7:29
3:35
6:55
2:34
6:19
6:20
6:17
2:24
23:49
6:47
23:21
23:12
6:39
6:12
1:41
1:51
23:52
22:02
6:18
2:38
7:23
6:09
4:50
23:37
23:58
7:31
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0
0.508
0.762
0
0
0
0
0
4.572
0
0
0
1.524
0
0
0.508
0.254
0
0
0
0
0.508
0
0
6.35
0
0
42.67
15.24
0
0
72.9
77.44
75.74
75.18
69.74
74.56
78.82
79.6
78.75
95.9
74.33
71.22
73.99
92.8
81
72.64
76.44
67.59
61.67
55.73
60.84
76.05
82.9
62.14
74.25
87.8
65.96
67.94
90.9
76.46
60.58
68.98
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1021
3968
1.372
300.2
4.368
8:51
1027
2297
1.138
301.3
4.322
14:25
1030
2419
1.183
338.6
4.596
14:45
1030
5007
1.112
359
4.08
6:41
1024
4724
0.687
283.9
3.149
9:41
1017
5737
0.417
302.7
2.989
12:23
1016
5834
0.441
256.2
3.407
13:23
1020
5357
0.533
268.8
3.136
10:20
1013
875
0.575
194.2
3.41
11:14
1018
6175
0.633
269.5
3.629
10:24
1013
5876
0.631
132.5
3.486
13:45
1010
5857
0.586
123.9
2.819
11:50
1003
2406
0.594
174.7
3.548
14:59
1006
3609
0.701
247.7
2.587
16:53
1013
5656
0.421
227.8
3.489
16:30
1014
3512
0.525
233.2
2.267
14:47
1017
4195
0.676
249.1
3.603
12:06
1023
4261
0.476
257.7
4.018
15:06
1027
5230
0.549
215.7
2.711
12:23
1021
2118
0.434
201.9
3.231
16:09
1025
1592
0.252
223.4
1.343
4:30
1020
2760
0.663
153.8
3.646
14:26
1023
4826
0.887
265
4.978
14:35
1028
2640
0.676
161.9
3.325
12:24
1019
1943
0.792
199.7
3.41
1:32
1029
4935
0.462
266.2
3.25
11:31
1034
4120
0.527
261.6
2.992
9:42
1025
981
0.707
328.3
3.316
19:15
1001
4069
1.134
191.9
4.903
11:56
1011
3824
0.742
245.6
3.525
11:53
1021
4312
0.67
154.7
3.554
15:28
3906.9
B10
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
NOVEMBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp
Deg. C
Deg. C
8.82
10.94
12.46
13.05
13.92
17.8
10.92
6.729
7.338
7.252
6.921
7.967
7.846
2.915
6.302
8.44
1.77
2.582
8.44
8.29
3.362
4.322
N/A
N/A
3.533
6.549
11.14
6.638
-0.363
-2.05
14.71
17.82
22.12
18.61
20.99
22.25
16.13
11.89
14.88
11.24
9.51
10.95
11.7
4.839
13.3
15.2
7.02
6.567
11.48
12.91
7.965
7.506
N/A
N/A
6.574
10.5
17.55
12.57
5.235
0.684
7.3
12.2
Time
16:07
12:51
12:27
12:52
14:43
12:36
0:17
12:05
13:22
13:23
13:39
21:43
13:03
12:46
13:01
12:38
13:00
14:51
23:59
1:01
13:21
13:42
N/A
N/A
13:19
14:07
14:36
0:34
13:28
14:58
Min Temp
Deg. C
4.9
5.857
5.015
8.56
7.829
14.59
6.376
3.584
1.366
3.805
4.56
5.954
3.771
0.06
-0.649
1.536
-1.57
-2.938
5.579
0.222
-0.025
2.151
N/A
N/A
1.861
2.577
7.199
-1.332
-4.253
-5.032
2.9
Time
2:40
3:52
4:57
6:30
5:21
7:46
23:17
5:02
3:31
6:07
1:36
6:50
23:15
23:49
0:44
23:59
6:50
6:54
0:05
23:22
1:33
0:03
N/A
N/A
20:50
2:47
0:05
23:59
6:48
6:34
Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
(mm)
Humid (%)
0.254
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.54
8.13
7.112
0.254
0
0
0
0
0
25.91
5.588
0
0.508
0
0
0
0
0
2.54
0.254
0
53.1
82.1
65.57
67.66
67.5
86.7
80.8
59.39
59.58
59.87
70.26
90.5
99.4
74.55
64.1
63.59
58.3
56.56
70.95
95.1
67.98
57.1
71.86
28.84
-0.004
53.73
69.65
63.38
62.89
76.23
69.19
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1013
1432
0.66
177.6
3.731
9:43
1017
4036
0.505
253.5
2.852
13:47
1022
4313
0.586
234.7
2.767
14:14
1027
4178
0.698
186.1
3.44
12:01
1023
2877
0.849
129.7
3.241
13:59
1014
2112
1.095
177.6
4.328
14:02
1016
2250
0.842
244.6
3.267
8:26
1025
4152
0.84
245.8
4.149
11:56
1028
4279
0.608
216.6
3.541
14:52
1021
1352
0.783
284.4
3.665
21:17
1013
1797
1.435
290.2
5.942
6:21
1009
525.9
0.95
134.4
4.753
13:26
1001
1905
1.225
230.1
4.704
11:33
1013
2769
1.239
245.7
3.979
10:11
1020
2618
0.773
234.4
4.639
14:13
1023
3909
0.716
266.3
3.985
21:59
1033
3915
0.735
289.5
3.57
8:57
1033
1701
0.427
117.6
2.44
13:37
1024
444.5
0.506
97.3
2.623
20:12
1019
3739
0.764
265.5
3.371
10:56
1022
3771
0.729
258.9
4.75
10:16
1013
1460
0.653
245.3
3.864
20:41
1015
3609
0.898
261.8
4.064
12:39
954
111.8
0.349
261.5
2.466
15:16
950
590.5
0.479
158.4
2.956
15:06
1041
2547
0.73
149.2
3.956
13:40
1029
2484
1.195
183.8
4.322
12:25
1022
495.3
0.558
299.6
2.881
10:22
1024
3477
0.591
316.4
3.626
23:36
1030
1706
0.573
283.2
2.796
8:04
2485.2
B11
2015 Monthly Climate Summary, MacLeish Field Station, Whately, Massachusetts, USA
Station: OrchardMet
DECEMBER
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean/
SUM
Avg. Temp Max Temp Time Max
Deg. C
Deg. C
Temp
0.024
3.81
4.713
3.298
4.098
2.689
4.147
2.339
3.242
7.515
6.585
9.88
8.98
8.32
9.29
4.267
4.611
4.455
-0.323
-0.316
2.805
8.27
9.06
11.99
11.08
6.821
5.318
-2.207
-3.461
-2.03
1.839
4.6
2.015
6.845
7.744
8.42
10.46
6.42
10.88
5.632
5.741
11.22
9.04
15.42
11.57
12.01
13.31
7.646
8.11
8.21
2.184
4.094
7.351
10.85
11.02
17.84
15.23
10.74
9.31
1.109
-1.349
0.137
5.996
8.2
13:15
19:31
12:48
11:24
13:11
13:18
12:47
12:59
23:51
13:12
15:48
12:51
1:24
23:27
2:51
13:20
22:56
3:03
13:17
11:58
14:30
16:35
13:21
15:49
12:48
0:01
16:33
0:18
11:26
23:59
11:35
Min Temp
Deg. C
-3.52
1.827
2.591
-0.939
-1.252
-1.878
0.085
0.597
-0.273
5.4
4.853
4.181
7.726
6.729
3.737
1.314
2.406
0.068
-2.152
-2.905
-2.271
5.442
6.754
8.51
7.587
4.027
0.961
-4.337
-6.133
-3.227
0.034
1.5
Time Min Daily Rain Avg. Rel.
Temp
(mm)
Humid (%)
4:29
0:13
19:37
5:54
6:08
7:25
8:16
1:46
7:41
0:07
2:14
6:37
20:24
9:04
23:58
5:40
2:08
23:55
23:10
23:12
5:48
7:17
9:04
7:02
3:51
7:45
23:56
19:59
4:43
4:25
2:27
5.334
13.97
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.508
0.254
0
0
10.92
2.54
0
14.48
0
0
0
0
8.64
28.7
3.302
0
0
8.38
0
0
0
12.45
109.5
57.02
33.54
59.67
68.37
67.85
72.07
65.94
70.46
62.4
47.4
7.202
56.59
60.76
29.41
54.93
54.99
74.34
58.34
49.61
59.54
63.34
24.04
15.63
34.36
64.09
54.63
71
43.97
92.3
95.5
78.53
Avg.
Avg.
Wind
Max
Solar Rad.
Time Max
Pressure (mmoles_m- Windspeed Direction Windspeed
Windspeed
2)
(mb)
(mps)
(deg)
(mps)
1024
959
0.54
298.3
2.424
7:40
1011
664.7
0.378
146.4
2.378
17:51
1009
2398
1.048
249.4
4.315
11:17
1027
1501
0.573
251.6
3.6
1:00
1036
3235
0.439
251.4
2.773
9:48
1029
3311
0.398
158.7
2.349
12:34
1020
3203
0.7
286.1
3.672
23:23
1020
1841
0.88
307
3.812
12:12
1019
1189
0.537
135.8
3.035
23:40
1015
1506
0.537
153.5
2.891
0:57
1013
1026
0.616
143.5
3.851
9:52
1019
2482
0.507
246.8
2.715
10:55
1022
888
0.642
305.4
3.443
10:55
1012
620.3
0.608
129.3
2.695
7:03
1000
1313
1.254
243.8
4.596
13:16
1019
3400
0.828
78.56
3.874
10:53
1014
471
0.608
130.9
2.747
0:40
1006
1140
0.713
261.4
2.8
23:22
1013
2587
1.432
239.8
4.884
15:04
1027
2775
0.894
232.4
4.191
2:02
1021
1780
1.322
163.2
4.162
12:30
1016
470.9
0.692
174.1
2.59
14:49
1021
1171
0.485
342.6
2.976
21:53
1015
1061
0.788
217.2
3.437
10:45
1022
2852
0.578
234.9
2.996
13:54
1031
2518
0.71
312.5
3.557
9:45
1015
783.1
0.603
103.2
3.25
21:14
1029
2585
1.345
327.5
5.236
8:57
1022
581.9
1.076
320.1
4.025
10:58
1024
574.2
0.341
61.85
1.891
0:09
1016
2778
0.579
252.4
3.325
12:43
1731.1
B12
APPENDIX C
List of Sensors & Measurement Ranges
At WhatelyMet
Relative humidity and temperature are
measured with a R.M. Young Co., Model
41382, relative humidity and temperature
probe. The probe is housed in a radiation
shield and ambient air is continuously
blown past the sensor to reduce temperature fluctuation from solar radiation. The
calibrated measuring range of the temperature probe is -50 to +50˚C, with an accuracy of ±0.3˚C. The relative humidity probe
has an accuracy of ±2%.
A pyranometer (Kipp & Zonen, model
CM 3) measures solar radiation received in
the horizontal (180 degrees) field of view.
Typical accuracy is ±5%.
Barometric pressure is measured with an
R.M. Young barometric pressure sensor,
model 61202V. The operating temperature
is –50 to +60 ˚C, with an accuracy of ±0.3
hPa at 20 ˚C.
2015 Annual Weather Report
Appendix C
C-1
Wind velocity and direction are measured with
a propeller—weather vane instrument (R.M.
Young, model 05103). Wind speed is measured
with a four blade helicoid propeller that produces
an AC sine wave voltage signal with frequency
directly proportional to wind speed. Vane angle
is sensed by a potentiometer, making output
voltage proportional to wind direction. The anemometer has a wind speed range of 0–100 m/s,
with accuracy of ±1% or 0.3 m/s. The propeller
threshold is 1.0 m/s (2.2 mph). The wind direction accuracy is ±3 degrees with a vane threshold
of 1.1 m/s (2.4 mph).
Precipitation is measured using a
Campbell Scientific 8” heated siphoning tipping-bucket rain gauge located
on the ground. The bucket tips when
0.01 inches (0.254 mm) of precipitation accumulates. The rain gauge has a
precision of +/– 2% for rainfall intensities up to 19.7 in/hour (500 mm/hr).
Note that if there is a large amount of
snowfall it will take 1-3 days for all
of the snow to melt and be recorded
by the gauge. This is especially true
if large snowfalls occur during or are
followed by very cold temperatures.
The result is that large snowfall events
look like extended precipitation
events.
Also note that the rain gauge is located within 2 m of a one story building.
The building may obstruct accurate
measurements of certain rain events.
2015 Annual Weather Report
Appendix C
C-2
At OrchardMet
Relative humidity and temperature are measured with a
R.M. Young Co., Model 41382, relative humidity and temperature probe. The probe is housed in a naturally aspirated 10 plate radiation shield (R.M. Young) and positioned
2 m above the ground. The calibrated measuring range of
the temperature probe is -50 to +50˚C, with an accuracy
of ±0.3˚C. The relative humidity probe has an accuracy of
±2%.
Precipitation is measured using a Tex-
as Electronics (Model #TE525) 8” tipping-bucket rain gauge mounted on a pole
~60 cm above the ground. The sensor is
surrounded by a wind screen consisting of
32 steel leaves that swing freely in the wind
to help minimize the effect of wind on rain
measurements. The bucket tips when 0.01
inches (0.254 mm) of precipitation accumulates. The rain gauge has a precision of ±2%
in events up to 1in/hr.; ±3% in events from 1
to 2 in/hr.; and ±5% in events from 2 to 3 in/
hr. During the winter, a snowfall conversion
adapter is installed. This adapter uses antifreeze and the sun’s warmth to melt snow, allowing the sensor to measure the water content of
the snow. Note that if there is a large amount of snowfall it will take 1-3 days for all of the snow
to melt and be recorded by the gauge. This is especially true if large snowfalls occur during or
are followed by very cold temperatures. The result is that large snowfall events look like extended precipitation events.
Wind velocity and direction are measured with a propeller—weather vane instrument (R.M.
Young, model 05103). The same instrument is used on WhatleyMet.
Barometric pressure is measured with a Vaisala barometric pressure sensor (Campbell Sci-
entific, model CS106). The sensor is located in the data logger enclosure box, ~1 m above the
ground. The accuracy is ±1.0 mb at -20° to +45°C.
A solar radiation sensor (LI COR model LI200X) measures sun plus sky radiation. It is calibrated for the daylight spectrum (400 to 1100 nm). The sensor is mounted ~2 m above the
ground. Typical accuracy is ±3%.
Soil temperature is measured at 10 and 30 cm below the ground surface with Campbell Scientific temperature probes (model 108-L). The sensor has a temperature range of -5° to +95°C,
with an accuracy of ±0.2°C.
2015 Annual Weather Report
Appendix C
C-3
Soil moisture is measured with a Campbell Scientific CS650-L15-DS water content reflectometer. The probe consists of two, stainless steel rods and measures propogation time, signal attenuation, and temperature. From these values dielectric permittivity, volumetric water content,
and bulk electrical conductivity are derived. The probe senses a soil volume of 7800 cm3 (~7.5
cm radius around each probe rod and 4.5 cm beyond the end of the rods). The unit operates
between -10° to +70° C.
Two soil temperature probes (Campell Scientific 108-L15) were also installed. These probes
have a range from -5° to +95° C and has a ±0.2° C tolerance.
2015 Annual Weather Report
Appendix C
C-1