INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY MA Research Methods for Archaeology Degree Handbook 2015-16 Co-ordinator: Prof. Todd Whitelaw t.whitelaw@ucl.ac.uk Institute of Archaeology Office 207, tel. 0207 679 7534 Office hours: stop-in if door is open, or e-mail to arrange an appointment. 1 INTRODUCTION This is the Handbook for the MA degree programme in Research Methods for Archaeology. It outlines the aims and objectives, structure and content of the degree. It will be made available on the Institute website. This Handbook should be used alongside the MA/MSc Handbook (also available on the Institute website), which contains information about all MA and MSc degrees, and options within them being taught this year. The MA/MSc Handbook gives essential information on a range of topics, from enrolment to guidance on the dissertation, so students should ensure that they read it carefully. Distributed along with the MA/MSc Handbook are maps of the College precinct and the surrounding area of London and the complete MA/MSc teaching timetable. If students have queries about the organisation, objectives, structure, content or assessment of the degree, they should consult the Degree Co-ordinator. AIMS, OBJECTIVES AND LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE DEGREE Aims x To provide a wide-ranging and challenging introduction to theoretical issues involved in modern archaeology as a comparative, anthropologically-informed, and socially-situated discipline. x To encourage critically aware perspectives on archaeological practice and research processes. x To provide an in-depth understanding of approaches to the collection, analysis and interpretation of archaeological data. x To support detailed study at the forefront of archaeological knowledge in areas relevant to the chosen topic of study. x To provide a sufficiently detailed understanding of archaeological data to serve as a basis for independent research. x To foster the ability to develop original ideas and to explore them effectively through research. x To provide appropriate training for continuing on to a research degree in a specific area of archaeology. Objectives These aims are pursued through a degree with two core courses designed to provide a solid understanding of the recent history, theories and methods of archaeology, and a tailor-made programme of other work, GHVLJQHG LQ FRQVXOWDWLRQ ZLWK WKH VWXGHQW¶V 6XSHUYLVRU WR GHYHORS WKH VSHFLILF NQRZOHGJH DQG VNLOOV required to pursue their chosen research topic. Upon successful completion of the MA, students will, among other things, have: x gained a detailed understanding of recent theoretical perspectives in the field; x developed their critical faculties in discussion, debate, and evaluation of alternative perspectives on and interpretations of archaeological data; x acquired a range of subject-specific skills, relevant to their chosen research topic; x developed a range of research-oriented skills relevant to their chosen research topic; and x carried through a substantial programme of independent research, preparatory to doctoral research on their chosen topic, embodied in written reports which demonstrate theoretical understanding and practical competence in archaeological analysis and interpretation. Learning Outcomes Upon successful completion of the MA, students should be able to demonstrate: x observation and critical reflection; x the application of acquired knowledge; x the ability to gather and synthesise information from diverse sources; and x the ability to present their ideas and research in multiple formats. 2 DEGREE STRUCTURE The programme of study for this degree is tailor-made for the research topic in question and is designed by the student in discussion with their Supervisor. Students normally take two compulsory core courses (15 credits each, 30 credits in total): Themes, Thought and Theory in World Archaeology: Foundations (G193) and Themes, Thought and Theory in World Archaeology: Current Topics (G194), while the rest of the programme is individually constructed. It will involve a considerable amount of independent research; it may involve sitting-LQ RQ RWKHU 0DVWHU¶V RU XQGHUJUDGXDWH FRXUVHV RU WKH DFTXLVLWLRQ RI specific skills, such as modern or ancient languages, or computer and quantitative techniques. In addition, students and their supervisors are invited to consider whether any of the research training courses provided by the Graduate School are relevant to the proposed research project, and students are strongly recommended to attend the MPhil introductory sessions in term I. Courses which can be taken (bearing in mind potential timetable clashes), after discussion with the VWXGHQW¶V 6XSHUYLVRU DQG WKH 'HJUHH &R-ordinator, are listed in the MA/MSc and BA/BSc courses sections of the IoA website. Subject to space and the agreement of the Course Co-ordinators involved, students are welcome to attend any course or sessions of a course considered relevant. The three assessed elements are: Coursework Portfolio. This normally consists of assessed work for the core courses: Themes, Thought and Theory in World Archaeology: Foundations (G193) and Current Topics (G194). These core courses are designed to provide an intensive graduate-level introduction to archaeological theory, research questions and reasoning within a seminar framework based on set readings. The Term 1 course, Foundations, introduces students to the modern history of archaeological ideas and to several broad interpretive frameworks that continue to guide the generation of archaeological knowledge. The Term 2 course, Current Topics, examines current research organised around broad themes, highlighting a range of approaches to each. Details of each course are given in the relevant course handbooks. (Please note: in Portico, the courses are not individually listed but are grouped together as µ&RXUVHZRUN3RUWIROLR¶ Research Proposal , including literature survey and bibliography (c.12,000 words including bibliography, 60 credits). This represents the outline and justification for the future MPhil/PhD research. Any research question arises from the background of previous research. In the Research Proposal students are expected to demonstrate their familiarity with their subject by carrying out a literature survey of their field and present the current state of knowledge and opinion derived from the literature. The literature survey must be supported by a bibliography of the field concerned. The Rresearch Proposal itself should provide an overview of the proposed project, outlining the probable components, and reporting on the explorations of these different potential elements, with a critical assessment of their vlaue for and role within the proposed project. This provides an opportunity to document how the project has evolved, from initial broad ideas, to the evaluation of promising components, including less promising avenues or even dead-ends, the exploration of which has helped re-focus the project over the course of the research. The final section should outline the proposed dissertation project, refined by the research carried through and documented in the earlier sections of the Proposal. Piece of Research Writing (15,000 words, 90 credits). This normally consists of a section of the proposed PhD (e.g. a chapter), with an introduction and conclusion to make it a self-contained piece of work. Since the broad outlines of the overall project are laid out in the Research Proposal, the Piece of Research Writing is generally something more specific, usually a substantive examination of some aspect of the concepts or data on which the proposed PhD will be based. It is an opportunity to put ideas into practice in a preliminary way, to find out whether they work and whether the data are appropriate for the aims and methods envisaged. It serves as a worked example, illustrating the substantive value and practical feasibility of the proposed project. It should not include a general bibliography (already in the Research Proposal), but simply a list of references cited. The two pieces 3 of writing should be seen as complementary, and it is expected that the Research Proposal provides the wider research context for the Piece of Research Writing. The submission deadline for both the Research Proposal and the Piece of Research Writing is the 15th of September 2016. Guidelines for researching, writing and producing dissertations (equivalent to the Piece of Research Writing) are included in the MA/MSc Handbook. Advice on the preparation of dissertations will be provided through sessions during the year, starting at the MA/MSc Induction Session on Thursday 1 October. WORK SCHEDULE Taught courses, including the core courses, are normally timetabled in the first two terms, though assessed work may be scheduled for submission up until the end of the first week of third term. Full details of the timetable for each course are included in the individual course handbooks. Students are expected to work on their Research Proposal during the first two terms and should be ready to give an oral presentation on it in the third term. Students are expected to use the remaining months of their degree particularly to work on their Piece of Research Writing. If students are pursuing the degree on a part-time basis, they will normally be expected to take the core courses in the first year. They should start work on their Proposal and Research Writing at the same time as full-time students, in their first year. RESEARCH PRESENTATION (ORAL EXAMINATION) $OO0DVWHU¶VVWXGHQWVDUHUHTXLUHGWRDWWHQGDQRUDOH[DPLQDWLRQDVSDUWRIWKHLU'LVVHUWDWLRQDVVHVVPHQW This will normally be held in late May or early June. The oral presentation will outline the Research Proposal and the background to it, as well as the specific piece of research the student plans to complete over the summer. Students must submit to their Supervisor and Degree Co-ordinator a sheet of A4 summarising the Research Proposal for their project, and another outlining the work to be XQGHUWDNHQ IRU WKHLU 3LHFH RI 5HVHDUFK :ULWLQJ 6WXGHQWV¶ 6XSHUYLVRUV will attend WKHLU VXSHUYLVHH¶V presentation. Normally in the week after the presentations, students will meet with the Degree Coordinator and their Supervisor to discuss the progress of the work and plans for the transition to doctoral research after the MA year has been completed. There are no marks awarded for the oral presentation (oral examination) but a satisfactory performance is required for the award of the degree. In the event of a problem being identified by the examiners of the assessed work, students may be invited to attend a formal viva voce examination with the External Examiner for the degree also in attendance. Part-time students will normally be required to give their presentation in their second year. Guidelines for preparation of the oral presentation Half an hour will be allotted for each presentation, to be followed by 15 minutes of discussion. It is suggested that students should spend the first five minutes introducing their general field of study and then divide the remaining time approximately equally between their Research Proposal and the specific study which will constitute their Piece of Research Writing. Facilities for a Powerpoint presentation will be available and students are strongly recommended to illustrate their presentations; it may also be helpful to prepare short handouts for those attending. Advice on presentations should be sought in the ILUVW LQVWDQFH IURP WKH VWXGHQW¶V 6XSHUYLVRU ZKLOH WKH 'HJUHH &R-ordinator will also be happy to advise. It is a good idea to give a practice presentation, perhaps in an informal setting for a group of FULWLFDOIULHQGVVWXGHQWVVKRXOGVHHNWKHLU6XSHUYLVRU¶VDGYLFHRQWKLV The follow-up interview The role of the interview is twofold. In the first place it is intended to provide advice within the context of the MA itself; this will include comments on the research topic, the progress of the research and on the presentation technique. It is also intended to provide advice on the MPhil/PhD that is expected to follow and specifically on the transition from the MA to doctoral research. It will take the form of comments by the Degree Co-ordinator and Supervisor on the presentation, followed by discussion with the student about the progress of the work and potential ways to resolve any problems identified. 4 TEACHING METHODS &RXUVHVRQ0DVWHUV¶degrees are usually taught through seminars, though depending on the course, lecturing may also be involved. Some courses will also have associated practicals, laboratory sessions, or field trips. Most courses taken by MA Archaeology students are based on a two-hour weekly seminar through the first two terms (30 credit) or just one term (15 credit). Seminars are run differently by individual Course Co-ordinators, but all have weekly assigned readings, which students will be expected to have read, to be able fully to follow and actively to contribute to the discussion. Some courses may require the student to make a seminar presentation; if so, this will be indicated in the course handbook and explained in the first session of the course. Students on this degree only sitting-LQRQ0DVWHU¶VFRXUVHVPD\EHJLYHQWKHRSWLRQRUEHUHTXHVWHGWR make such presentations, so that they participate fully in the course; this should be discussed with the individual Course Co-ordinator when permission is sought to attend the course. PREREQUISITES There are no prerequisites for most courses that students may wish to follow; students will have been accepted to the programme on the understanding that they already have sufficient background in archaeology or a relevant field, either through their previous degree, or through relevant experience, to be able to follow the programme. In the case of training in specific skills, however, students will need to discuss appropriate courses with their Degree Co-ordinator and Supervisor, and the relevant Course Co-ordinators. For some courses, depending on the student's previous background, it may be recommended that they also attend a parallel undergraduate course, to ensure that they have the background to get the most out of the Masters level seminars. COURSEWORK Method of Assessment This varies from course to course, but is always set out in the relevant course handbook. Each 15 credit course is normally assessed by means of a total of approximately 4,000 words of coursework (or its equivalent in other forms of assessment). The nature and deadlines for individual assessments are specified in the handbooks of the individual courses, available from the relevant Course Co-ordinator and on the Institute website. If students are unclear about the nature of an assignment, they should contact the Course Co-ordinator. The Course Co-ordinator will be willing to discuss an outline of their approach to the assessment, provided this is planned suitably in advance of the submission date. Originality &RXUVHZRUN PXVW EH H[SUHVVHG LQ D VWXGHQW¶V RZQ ZRUGV, giving the exact source of any ideas, information, illustrations, etc., that are taken from the work of others. Any direct quotations from the work of others must be indicated as such by being placed between quotation marks, and the source of the quotation must be indicated appropriately. Plagiarism means presenting material (words, illustrations, etc.) in a way that allows the reader to believe that it is the work of the author he or she is reading, when it is in fact the creation of another person. Plagiarism is regarded as theft of intellectual SURSHUW\ 8&/ UHJXODWLRQV UHTXLUH WKDW GHWHFWHG SODJLDULVP EH SHQDOLVHG DQG QRWHG RQ WKH VWXGHQW¶V record, irrespective of whether the plagiarism is committed knowingly or unintentionally. The penalties can be severe and may include failing a course or whole degree. Further details are available on the IoA ZHEVLWH,WLVWKHVWXGHQW¶VUHVSRQVLELOLW\WRDYRLGDQ\LQDGYHUWHQWSODJLDULVPDQGWKH\PXVWUHDGDQG abide by the requirements for presentation, referencing and avoidance of plagiarism to be found in the ,R$µ&RXUVHZRUN*XLGHOLQHV¶RQWKH,R$ZHEVLWH Students must reference their sources of information as accurately and as fully as possible. If a student VXPPDULVHVDQRWKHUSHUVRQ¶VLGHDVRUMXGJHPHQWVRUUHSURGXFHVWKHLUILJXUHVRUGLDJUDPVDreference must 5 be made in the text (using the Harvard convention [surname, year, page (necessary, e.g. for quotations and specific figures)]) and all works referred to must be documented in full in a bibliography. Referencing and bibliographic styles are outlined in the MA/MSc Handbook. To avoid charges of plagiarism or collusion, students must ensure that their submitted work is their own. They should not lend essays or essay drafts to other students because they might be penalised if the other student copies the work and submits it as their own. If students are unclear about the definition of plagiarism, they should review the notes on plagiarism and examples of good and bad practice with respect to sources, included on the IoA website, and consult their Degree Co-ordinator. The concept of plagiarism also includes self-plagiarism, which is submission of identical or very similar work in more than one piece of assessed coursework, submitted for the same or for different courses taken as part of the degree. Although each course is assessed independently of other courses, students may not receive credit for the same work twice, so students should take care to ensure that the same or very similar work is not submitted for assessment more than once during their study for this degree. Failure to do so could result in a reduction of their mark. If students are in any doubt, they should seek advice from their Degree Co-ordinator, or the relevant Course Co-ordinator. Presentation Essays and other assessed work must be word-processed (unless otherwise specified) and should be printed on one or both sides of the paper, using 1.5-line spacing, and a readable font size (10-12 point). Bibliographies may use 1.0 line spacing. Adequate margins should be left for written comments by the examiner. Students are encouraged to use illustrations, diagrams and/or tables where relevant. These should be clearly referred to at the appropriate point in the text, and if derived from another source, this must be clearly acknowledged and referenced. UCL has published guidelines on the use of non-discriminatory language (<www.ucl.ac.uk/hr/docs/non_discrim_language.php>). Students are reminded, in particular, to avoid the use of gender-biased terms in their written work. Word-length Students must adhere to word limits on assessments; they are intended to help ensure equality of workloads between courses as well as to encourage the useful transferable skills of clearly structured arguments and succinct writing. UCL regulations impose serious penalties on assessed work that exceeds the prescribed word limit, so pay careful attention to the word limits stipulated for each assessment. Anonymity To accord with UCL regulations on anonymous marking, all coursework cover-sheets must be identified with student Candidate Numbers only, not names. This is a 5 digit alphanumeric code and can be found on Portico; it is different from the Student Number/ID. The filenames for all assessed ZRUN VXEPLWWHG WKURXJK µ7XUQLWLQ¶ VHH EHORZ VKRXOG LQFOXGH WKH VWXGHQW¶V FDQGLGDWH QXmber, not name (e.g. YBPR6_G193_Assessment_1). Submission Students are required to submit hard copy of all coursework to the Course Co-RUGLQDWRU¶VSLJHRQKROH via the Red Essay Box at Reception by the specified deadline. The coursework must be stapled to a completed blue coversheet (available from the IoA website, outside Room 411A, or the IoA library). Please do not use paper clips, as these drop off or snag other essays, and do not use plastic covers or such. Date-VWDPSLQJFRQILUPLQJVXEPLVVLRQGDWHLVYLDµ7XUQLWLQ¶VHHEHORZVRLQDGGLWLRQWRVXEPLWWLQJD paper copy, students must also submit their work to Turnitin by midnight on the day of the deadline for each piece of work. 6 It is essential that students upload all parts of their coursework to Turnitin (i.e. including the bibliography and images). This ensures that a complete electronic copy of all work is available in case an essay goes astray. Markers will not include these additional elements when checking word-counts. Students who encounter technical problems in submitting their work to Turnitin should e-mail the nature of the problem to ioa-turnitin@ucl.ac.uk in advance of the deadline in order that the Turnitin Advisers can notify the Course Co-ordinator that it may be appropriate to waive the late submission penalty. In such a situation, students are advised to e-mail a copy of the coursework direct to the Course Co-ordinator, to demonstrate that it was completed prior to the deadline, but still must submit it formally through Turnitin. If there is any other unexpected crisis on the submission day, students should telephone or (preferably) e-mail the Course Co-ordinator. Late submission penalties New UCL-wide regulations with regard to the granting of extensions for coursework have been introduced with effect from the 2015-16 session. Full details will be circulated to all students and will be made available on the IoA intranet. Note that Course Coordinators are no longer permitted to grant extensions. All requests for extensions must be submitted on a new UCL form, together with supporting documentation, via -XG\0HGULQJWRQ¶VRIILFHDQG will then be referred on for consideration. Please be aware that the grounds that are now acceptable are limited. Those with long-term difficulties should contact UCL Student Disability Services to make special arrangements. Turnitin In addition to providing date-VWDPSLQJ 7XUQLWLQ¶V SULPDU\ IXQFWLRQ LV WR VFDQ ZRUN IRU HYLGHQFH RI plagiarism. This system gives access to billions of sources worldwide, including websites and journals, as well as work previously submitted to the Institute, UCL and other universities. In common with most other UCL Departments, the Institute uses this system for all assessed coursework. Students submit hard copy of coursework in the normal way, but are also required to submit each piece electronically to Turnitin. The declaration that students sign on coursework coversheets includes a statement confirming that the work has been submitted to Turnitin. Unless instructed otherwise, all work must be submitted to Turnitin. Work which is not submitted to Turnitin will be subject to late submission penalties except in cases where the Turnitin Advisers have been notified of a technical problem before the submission deadline. The submission procedures will be explained to new students, and they will be provided with the Turnitin code and password for submitting coursework for each course. For the 12,000 word Research Proposal (G046), the Turnitin code is 2971281, for the 15,000 word Piece of Research Writing (ARCLG036), the Turnitin code is 2971279. Turnitin can be used to help students improve their work and avoid inadvertent plagiarism. In advance of submitting their coursework for marking they may, if they wish, run their work through the system in order to obtain a report on the originality of the wording and then make any necessary adjustments prior to final submission. Turnitin advisors will be available to help students via e-mail <ioaturnitin@ucl.ac.uk> if help is needed generating or interpreting the reports. It is important to recognise that the final decision about whether work contains plagiarism rests with academic staff. Consequently, the presence or absence of matches in a Turnitin report does not, by itself, provide a guarantee that the work in question either contains or is free from plagiarism. 7 Grading The grading system for coursework is set out in the MA/MSc Handbook. The mark given by the first Internal Examiner (prior to return) is a provisional assessment for the student's guidance, and may be modified after assessment by the second Internal Examiner or by the External Examiner. Timescale for return of marked coursework to students. Students can normally expect to have their marked coursework returned within four calendar weeks of the official submission deadline. If work is submitted late, it is likely to be returned later than this. If they do not receive their work within this period, or a written explanation for any delay from the marNHUVWXGHQWVVKRXOGQRWLI\WKH,R$¶V$FDGHPLF$GPLQLVWUDWRU-XG\0HGULQJWRQ Return of Coursework All marked coursework must be returned to the Course Co-ordinator within two weeks of its return to students, so that it can be second-marked, and is available to the External Examiner and the Board of Examiners. Because assessed work forms part of the student's permanent academic record, it needs to be retained until well after the completion of the degree. If work is not returned to the Course Co-ordinator, the student will be deemed not to have completed the course. Students are strongly advised to keep a copy of all work, and to make a copy or scan for retention of work after it has been assessed and commented upon by the first examiner, if they wish to make future reference to the comments on the work. Re-submission of Coursework Students are not normally permitted to re-write and re-submit essays in order to try to improve their marks. However, in exceptional circumstances and with the approval of their Degree Co-ordinator, they may if they wish submit an additional piece of coursework (on a new topic) to substitute for the first piece of written coursework submitted for their degree. Students intending to do so should discuss this with the Degree Co-ordinator and relevant Course Co-ordinator. Practice essay Because many students will have experience with different education systems, students are encouraged to write a practice essay early in Term I, to get feedback on content and presentation, in advance of their first assessed essay. If you would like to take up this option, please discuss this with the Degree Co-ordinator. The Turnitin listing is Masters Practice Essay_1516, and the code is 2971284. ATTENDANCE It is a College regulation that attendance at lectures, seminars and practicals be monitored. A register will be taken at all classes, and Departments are required to report the attendance of each student to UCL Registry at intervals throughout each term. If students are unable to attend a class, they should email the course Co-ordinator to explain, in order to ensure that there is a record of the reasons for their absence. A 70% minimum attendance at all scheduled sessions of a course is required (excluding absences due to illness or other adverse circumstances, provided these are supported by medical certificates or other documentation, as appropriate). Students should be aware that potential employers seeking references often ask about attendance and other indications of reliability. COMMUNICATION The primary channel of communication within the Institute of Archaeology is e-mail. If students wish to be contacted via a different personal or work e-mail address, they must arrange for e-mail sent to their UCL address to be forwarded to their other address, since staff and other students will expect to be able to reach all students through their College e-mail ± which can be found via the UCL website Directory. Instructions for forwarding e-mail from a UCL account can be found on the IoA website. Students must consult their e-mail regularly, as well as check the student pigeon-holes in the basement common room (B 12) for written communications. They should also ensure that they keep their contact details (especially their telephone number) up to date on Portico, in case they need to be contacted. 8 LIBRARIES AND OTHER RESOURCES In addition to the Library of the Institute of Archaeology, other libraries in UCL with holdings of particular relevance to this degree are the Science Library (DMS Watson Building) and the Main Library. Libraries outside UCL which have holdings which may also be relevant to this degree are: the library of the Institute of Classical Studies (Senate House), University of London Library (Senate House), the library of the School of Oriental and African Studies, the Commonwealth Library (University of London) and the British Library. DYSLEXIA AND OTHER DISABILITIES If a student has dyslexia or any other disability which may affect their academic work, they should make their Degree Co-ordinator and Course Co-ordinators aware of this. They should discuss with the Co-ordinators and individual teachers whether there is any way in which they can assist. Students with dyslexia are reminded to indicate this on each piece of coursework. HEALTH AND SAFETY The Institute has a Health and Safety policy and code of practice which provides guidance on laboratory work, etc. This is revised annually and the new edition will be issued in due course. All work undertaken in the Institute is governed by these guidelines and students have a duty to be aware of them and to adhere to them at all times. FEEDBACK In trying to make this degree as effective as possible, we welcome feedback during the year. Students will be asked to fill-in Progress Forms near the end of each term, which the Degree Co-ordinator will discuss with them. These forms include space for comment on each of their courses. At the end of each course all students are asked to give their views on the course in an anonymous questionnaire, which will be distributed at one of the last sessions of the course. These questionnaires are taken seriously and help the Course Co-ordinator to develop the course. The summarised responses are considered by the Degree Co-RUGLQDWRUWKH,QVWLWXWH¶V6WDII-Student Consultative Committee, Teaching Committee, and by the Faculty Teaching Committee. If students are concerned about any aspect of a specific course, we hope they will feel able to talk to the relevant Course Co-ordinator, but if they feel this is not appropriate or have more general concerns, they should consult their Degree Co-ordinator, the MA Degree Co-ordinator (Kathy Tubb) or the Graduate Tutors (Andrew Bevan and Ulrike Sommer). They may also consult the Academic Administrator (Judy Medrington), the Chair of Teaching Committee (Karen Wright), or the Director (Sue Hamilton). 9