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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 5 4 8 6 3 1 1 0 0 1 *
0460/22
GEOGRAPHY
Paper 2
October/November 2010
1 hour 30 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
Additional Materials:
Ruler
Protractor
Plain paper
1:25 000 Survey Map Extract is enclosed with this Question Paper.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces provided.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
The Insert contains Photographs A and B for Question 3 and Fig. 6 for Question 4.
Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an
answer.
For Examiner’s Use
The Survey Map Extract and the Insert are not required by the Examiner.
Q1
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part
question.
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Total
This document consists of 13 printed pages, 3 blank pages and 1 Insert.
DC (SM/SW) 23251/4
© UCLES 2010
[Turn over
2
1
The map extract is for Beau Bassin, Mauritius. The scale is 1:25 000.
For
Examiner’s
Use
(a) Fig. 1 shows the positions of some features in the south of the map extract.
96
99
97
98
99
99
E
D
98
98
B
C
A
97
96
97
98
97
99
Fig. 1
Study the map and Fig. 1 and name the following features:
(i)
the plantation crop at A;
..............................................................................................................................[1]
(ii)
the river B;
..............................................................................................................................[1]
(iii)
the Named or Public Building at C;
..............................................................................................................................[1]
(iv)
the feature at D;
..............................................................................................................................[1]
(v)
the type of vegetation at E.
..............................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2010
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3
(b) Fig. 2 shows two grid squares on the map.
95
00
For
Examiner’s
Use
96
00
99
99
98
95
98
96
Fig. 2
Table 1 compares the features of the two grid squares. Complete the table by putting a
tick in the correct five boxes. Use only one tick for each row.
Table 1
northern
square
only
(9599)
southern
square
only
(9598)
both of
these
grid
squares
neither
of these
grid
squares
motorway
school
spur
land sloping down to the NE
land over 300 m
[5]
© UCLES 2010
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[Turn over
4
(c) Fig. 3 is a cross section from south to north along grid line 99 from 990960 to 990990.
The position of the eastern edge of the poultry farm (990961) has been labelled on it.
Use labelled arrows to mark on the profile the positions of:
(i)
the River Moka;
[1]
(ii)
the bridge over a small river;
[1]
(iii)
a main A road.
[1]
poultry farm
metres
420
400
380
360
340
320
300
990960
south
metres
420
400
380
360
340
320
300
990990
north
Fig. 3
(d) (i)
State the four figure grid reference of the grid square that contains the maize mill in
the north west of the map extract.
..........................................................
(ii)
Circle the six figure grid reference of the post office in the centre of the town of
Beau Bassin in the south west of the map extract.
935968
© UCLES 2010
[1]
936969
968935
0460/22/O/N/10
969936
[1]
For
Examiner’s
Use
5
(e) Look at the Grand River North West in the west of the map extract. Describe the relief
features of its valley in grid square 9498.
For
Examiner’s
Use
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
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..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[5]
[Total: 20 marks]
© UCLES 2010
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[Turn over
6
(a) Study Fig. 4 and Table 2, which show the climate data for a place in the Amazon Basin.
30
30
25
25
350
350
300
300
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
months
rainfall (mm)
rainfall (mm)
temperature (°C)
temperature (°C)
2
0
Fig. 4
Table 2
Jan Feb Mar
temperature
(°C)
rainfall
(mm)
26
27
26
Apr May Jun
26
26
25
Jul
26
Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
27
27
27
27
26
260 197 255 268 306 234 225 181 132 175 184 263
mean
26.3 °C
total
2680
mm
(i)
Use the information in Table 2 to complete Fig. 4 by plotting the rainfall for March
and October.
[1]
(ii)
Calculate the annual range of temperature.
..................................................... °C
(iii)
Circle the word below that describes the amount of annual rainfall.
low
© UCLES 2010
[1]
moderate
0460/22/O/N/10
high
[1]
For
Examiner’s
Use
7
(iv)
Describe the annual distribution of the rainfall.
..................................................................................................................................
For
Examiner’s
Use
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
(b) Study Fig. 5, which gives information about the pattern of temperature and cloud
development during daylight hours on a day in the Amazon Basin.
sun
overhead
larger
cumulus
cumulonimbus
with rain
30°C
cumulus
28°C
10.00
12.00
14.00
33°C
cumulus
16.00 30°C
clear sky
26°C 08.00
daylight
hours
mist
skies clear
24°C
06.00
sunrise
28°C
18.00 sunset
darkness
hours
04.00
02.00
time
24.00
20.00
22.00
Fig. 5
Use information from Fig. 5 to state:
(i)
the number of hours of daylight in the Amazon Basin;
..................................................... hours
(ii)
[1]
the temperature at 14.00;
..................................................... °C
(iii)
[1]
the relationship between the temperature and the daily cloud development.
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2010
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8
3
Study Photographs A and B (Insert), which show features produced by weathering.
(a) (i)
Describe the landforms in Photograph A.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[4]
(ii)
State the evidence that the nature of the rock in Photograph A helps weathering to
take place.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
(b) Photograph B was taken in a different location. Name the type of weathering that has
occurred and state the evidence for this.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2010
0460/22/O/N/10
For
Examiner’s
Use
9
4
Look at Fig. 6 (Insert), a map of an area of rural settlement in the northern hemisphere.
For
Examiner’s
Use
(a) Name the type of settlement pattern in areas A, B and C.
A ..............................................................
B ..............................................................
C ..............................................................
(b) (i)
[3]
Explain why site X might have been an important site for early settlement.
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
(ii)
Describe the advantages site Y has for the growth of a settlement.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[3]
(iii)
The slope at Z faces north. Why is this a disadvantage?
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2010
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10
5
(a) Fig. 7 shows the highest and lowest annual rainfall totals in a recent ten year period for
a place in the Murray-Darling River Basin in Australia.
1000
highest
900
annual rainfall (mm)
800
700
600
500
400
300
lowest
200
100
0
Fig. 7
(i)
The mean rainfall over a period of thirty years is 570 mm. Show this on Fig. 7, using
an arrow.
[1]
(ii)
How can water authority services in such areas ensure that water is available in dry
years?
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
© UCLES 2010
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For
Examiner’s
Use
11
(b) Study Fig. 8, which shows the different uses of water in two states in Australia.
Northern Territory
For
Examiner’s
Use
South Australia
Key
agriculture
domestic
industry
other
Fig. 8
Table 3
water use in South Australia
%
agriculture
77
domestic
10
industry
5
other
8
(i)
On Fig. 8, complete the pie graph for the state of South Australia using the
information for domestic and industry in Table 3. Use the key provided for shading.
[3]
(ii)
Which user consumes the largest amount of water in Northern Territory and what
proportion of the supplies does it use?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
(iii)
Using the information given only, compare water use for agriculture in the two
states.
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2010
0460/22/O/N/10
[Turn over
12
6
Study Figs 9 and 10 opposite, which give information about iron and steel industries in Japan.
(a) Use Figs 9 and 10 to answer the following questions.
(i)
Look at the locations of the three earliest steelworks on Fig. 10. State reasons for
their locations.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
(ii)
Describe what the locations of the other iron and steelworks have in common.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
(b) (i)
Use Fig. 9 to explain why Japanese iron and steel manufacturers today have high
production costs.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[3]
(ii)
Suggest one reason why the Kimitsu iron and steelworks was built on reclaimed
land.
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2010
0460/22/O/N/10
For
Examiner’s
Use
13
The early Japanese Iron and Steel Industry
•
used coal and iron ore mined in Japan
The Japanese Iron and Steel Industry Today
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
uses imported iron ore, over 80% coming from Australia and Brazil
coal, mainly from Australia and Canada, is used in the production of pig iron
the pig iron is made into steel in furnaces using mainly thermal electricity
about 70% of the iron and steel produced is used in Japan
about 70% of the remaining iron and steel is exported to Asian countries,
the largest steelworks, Kimitsu, occupies a site more than 11 sq km
the site of the Kimitsu Iron and Steelworks is on land reclaimed from the sea
which extends out into deep water
Fig. 9
Fe
Mu
ror
an
190
9
Japan is a mountainous
country with only 16%
flat enough for settlement
Kamaishi 1857
Fe
Sea of
Japan
Pacific
Ocean
1935
Tokyo
1939 Nagoya 1958
Hirohata
1901
Yawata
1955
Hikari
Kimitsu 1965
N
Sakai
1961
Key
Oita
1971
site of iron and steelworks
Pacific
Ocean
0
300
Km
1901 early iron and steelworks
Yawata with date of opening
Kimitsu later iron and steelworks
1965 with date of opening
Fe
iron ore mines (now closed)
coalfields (now closed)
Fig. 10
© UCLES 2010
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Copyright Acknowledgements:
Question 1
Question 6
Photographs A and B
© Map of Port Louis, Mauritius, Mauritius Government.
© Nippon Steel Corporation; www.nsc.co.jp/en/company/history and www.nsc.co.jp/en/kimitsu.
Muriel Fretwell © UCLES.
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2010
0460/22/O/N/10