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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 8 9 4 7 4 7 4 5 3 8 *
0460/22
GEOGRAPHY
Paper 2
May/June 2012
1 hour 30 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
Additional Materials:
Ruler
Protractor
Plain paper
1:50 000 Survey Map Extract is enclosed with this question paper.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces provided.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE ON ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
The Insert contains Photographs A and B for Question 4, and Photographs C, D
and E for Question 6.
The Survey Map Extract and the Insert are not required by the Examiner.
Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an
answer.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part
question.
For Examiner’s Use
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Total
This document consists of 13 printed pages, 3 blank pages and 1 Insert.
DC (LEO/JG) 47677/6
© UCLES 2012
[Turn over
2
1
Study the map extract, which is for Chinhgi, Zimbabwe. The scale is 1:50 000.
For
Examiner’s
Use
(a) Fig. 1 shows some of the features in the south west part of the map extract.
Study Fig. 1 and the map extract, and answer the questions below.
90
74
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
74
B
A
73
73
C
F
72
72
71
71
D
E
70
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
70
97
Fig. 1
Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1:
(i)
feature A;
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)
the features at B;
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii)
the type of land in area C;
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iv)
the features at D;
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(v)
the main land use in area E;
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(vi)
feature F.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
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3
(b) Look at the main river in the east of the map extract. Which four of the following
statements about the river are true? Tick four boxes in the table below.
Statement
For
Examiner’s
Use
Tick (✓)
The river flows towards the east
The river is between 100 and 500 metres wide
There are bridges across the river
The river runs through orchard or plantation
The river has fewer than four tributaries
There are waterfalls on the river
There is a dam on the river
The river flows across land lower than 500 metres above sea level
There are islands in the river
There are rapids on the river
[4]
(c) Fig. 2 is cross section of the river valley along northing 75 from 010750 to 060750.
gravel
road
1200
1200
1160
metres
above
sea
1160 level
1140
1140
1180
1180
1120
010750
1120
060750
Fig. 2
On Fig. 2, using labelled arrows, mark the positions of:
(i)
the flood plain of the river;
[1]
(ii)
a group of huts;
[1]
(iii)
a track.
[1]
© UCLES 2012
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4
(d) Fig. 3 shows the map area containing the main industrial area at Chinhgi.
00
78
01
02
03
78
77
77
76
76
75
00
75
01
02
03
Fig. 3
Using map evidence in your answer, how is the industrial area in the area shown in
Fig. 3 supplied with:
transport; ..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
power; ..............................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
labour? .............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [3]
© UCLES 2012
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For
Examiner’s
Use
5
(e) A person travels from the industrial area at Chinhgi, in the area shown on Fig. 3, along
the tarred road, towards the south west and to the southern edge of the map.
(i)
For
Examiner’s
Use
Look at the straight part of the tarred road. On which compass bearing from grid
north does the person travel along this part of the road? Tick (✓) one correct
answer in the table below.
Bearing
Tick (✓)
53°
143°
233°
243°
[1]
(ii)
About 5 km from the industrial area, the tarred road comes to an end. Give the six
figure grid reference of this point.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii)
After the tarred road has ended, what type of road continues to the southern edge
of the map?
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iv)
What is the main land use on either side of the last 3 km of road before the southern
edge of the map?
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 20 marks]
© UCLES 2012
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6
2
Fig. 4 shows plates and plate margins in South America and the surrounding area. In 2010
major earthquakes occurred in Haiti and Chile. The locations of these earthquakes are
shown on Fig. 4.
North American Plate
Haiti
earthquake
Cocos
Plate
Caribbean
Plate
South American Plate
Nazca Plate
Chile earthquake
Key
earthquake
plate margin
plate movement
0
1000
km
N
Fig. 4
(a) Complete the following paragraph.
“At Haiti, the North American Plate is sliding past the .....................................................
Plate.
Off the coast of Chile the South American Plate collides with the
..................................................... Plate.”
© UCLES 2012
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[2]
For
Examiner’s
Use
7
(b) (i)
What type of plate margin occurs off the coast of Chile? Tick one correct answer in
the table below.
Type of plate margin
For
Examiner’s
Use
Tick (✓)
constructive
destructive
conservative
[1]
(ii)
Using information from Fig. 4 and your own knowledge, explain the cause of the
Chile earthquake.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [3]
(c) Table 1 compares the Haiti and Chile earthquakes.
Table 1
Date
Value on Richter scale
Number of deaths
Distance to nearest large town
Depth of focus
Haiti earthquake
Chile earthquake
January 12 2010
February 27 2010
7.0
8.8
230 000
423
15 km (Port au Prince)
100 km (Concepcion)
13 km
35 km
Using information from Table 1 only, explain why the number of deaths caused by the
two earthquakes was so different.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2012
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8
3
Study Fig. 5 which shows population pyramids for Philippines, Germany and Brazil in 2010,
then answer the questions on the opposite page.
Philippines: 2010
Age
MALE
FEMALE
80+
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
population (in millions)
3
4
Germany: 2010
Age
MALE
5
6
FEMALE
80+
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
population (in millions)
Brazil: 2010
Age
MALE
FEMALE
80+
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
2
population (in millions)
Fig. 5
© UCLES 2012
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4
6
8
10
For
Examiner’s
Use
9
(a) Look at the horizontal scales of the population pyramids, showing population in millions.
(i)
What was the total male population of Philippines aged 15–19?
For
Examiner’s
Use
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)
Which one of the three countries has the smallest population?
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii)
Some other population pyramids show the horizontal scale as a percentage of the
total population. Give one advantage of this method.
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iv)
Which one of the three countries shown in Fig. 5 has the greatest percentage of:
A young dependents; ........................................................................................... [1]
B old dependents? .............................................................................................. [1]
40
Stage
1
Stage
2
Stage
3
Stage
4
high
30
Birth rate
20
Death
rate
10
Population
population
rate per 1000 population
(b) Fig. 6 shows the stages of the demographic transition model.
low
0
time
Fig. 6
Using Figs 5 and 6, which one of the three countries shown in Fig. 5 is in:
(i)
Stage 2; ................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii)
Stage 3; ................................................................................................................ [1]
(iii)
Stage 4? ............................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2012
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10
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2012
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11
4
Photographs A and B (Insert) show parts of the same coastal area. Describe the geographical
features shown in the photographs. You may refer to the sea, the coastline and the land next
to the sea.
For
Examiner’s
Use
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2012
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12
5
Fig. 7 is a map of an irrigated farm in an LEDC. Study Fig. 7 and answer the questions on the
opposite page.
N
river
2
riv
er
B
dam / reservoir
0
21
M
C
M
C
M
C
M
O
M
B
M
B
10
river
B
OO O
M
B
B
M
M
M
M
M
M
MM
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
1
1
river
O
M
P
2
210
bo
u
fen nda
ce ry
r
22
0
0
rive
23
road
n
mai
Key
trees
1
2
storage sheds
offices
road
path
pipe
flow of water
water
pump
M
maize
P
potatoes
210
B
beans
O
onions
C
carrots
dam wall
Fig. 7
© UCLES 2012
workers’ houses
0460/22/M/J/12
contours
(metres above sea
level)
0
100
200
metres
300
For
Examiner’s
Use
13
(a) (i)
Use information from Fig. 7 to complete Fig. 8.
number
of
fields
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
maize
potatoes
beans
onions
carrots
For
Examiner’s
Use
0
[1]
Fig. 8
(ii)
Suggest why the information in Fig. 8 about number of fields may not be a useful
way of showing the importance of the different crops on the farm.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) On Fig. 7 (page 12):
(i)
shade the area between 220 and 230 metres above sea level;
(ii)
draw a line to show the shortest road route between the water pump and the offices.
[1]
(c) (i)
[1]
Describe how water is supplied from the dam to the fields.
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)
Explain why the area of the potato crop is the most difficult area of the farm to
supply with irrigation water from the dam.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2012
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14
6
Photographs C, D and E (Insert) show three areas where tourism is an important industry.
(a) Describe six tourist attractions or activities shown in the photographs. Choose at least
one attraction or activity from each photograph.
Photograph .............................
Tourist attraction or activity ..............................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Photograph .............................
Tourist attraction or activity ..............................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Photograph .............................
Tourist attraction or activity ..............................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
Photograph .............................
Tourist attraction or activity ..............................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Photograph .............................
Tourist attraction or activity ..............................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Photograph .............................
Tourist attraction or activity ..............................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [6]
(b) Suggest two possible disadvantages that tourism might cause in the area shown in
Photograph C.
1 .......................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2012
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For
Examiner’s
Use
15
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2012
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16
BLANK PAGE
Copyright Acknowledgements:
Question 5 Fig. 7
Photographs A, B, C, D & E
© McLeod; A Certificate Geography of Lesotho; Longman Lesotho; 1989.
D A Kelly © UCLES.
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2012
0460/22/M/J/12