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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
International General Certificate of Secondary Education
*1644524511*
0460/02
GEOGRAPHY
Paper 2
May/June 2009
1 hour 30 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
Additional Materials:
Ruler
Protractor
Plain paper
1:50 000 Survey Map Extract is enclosed with this question paper.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE ON ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
The Insert contains Photograph A for Question 3.
Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an
answer.
For Examiner’s Use
The Survey Map Extract and the Insert are not required by the Examiner.
Q1
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question
or part question.
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Total
This document consists of 14 printed pages, 2 blank pages and 1 Insert.
SP (CM/CGW) T64765/6
© UCLES 2009
[Turn over
2
1
The map extract is for Shamva, Zimbabwe. The scale is 1:50 000.
(a) Fig. 1 shows the position of some features in the south west part of the map extract.
Study the map extract and Fig. 1 and answer the questions below.
41
85
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
85
A
84
84
B
83
83
C
82
82
D
E
81
81
F
80
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
80
48
Fig. 1
Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1:
(i)
feature A (4184);
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)
the type of road at B (4384);
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii)
the land use in area C (4482);
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iv)
feature D (4381);
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(v)
the type of feature at E (4280);
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(vi)
the features at F (4781, 4680).
.............................................................................................................................. [1]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
For
Examiner’s
Use
3
(b) Fig. 2 shows part of the mining area of Shamva.
46
88
47
48
49
88
87
87
86
46
For
Examiner’s
Use
47
48
86
49
Fig. 2
State three functions or services found in this area.
(i) ..................................................................
(ii) .................................................................
(iii) ................................................................
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
[3]
[Turn over
4
(c) Fig. 3 shows two areas of the map. These are at Richlands and Grahamsdale.
51
52
53
54
55
For
Examiner’s
Use
56
86
86
RICHLANDS
85
85
84
84
83
83
82
82
GRAHAMSDALE
81
81
51
52
53
54
55
56
Fig. 3
Table 1 compares the features of the two areas. Complete the table by putting ticks in
the correct five boxes. Use only one tick for each row.
Table 1
Example:
large area of bush
Richlands
Grahamsdale
Neither of these
areas
–
✓
–
line of huts
steep slopes
quarry or excavation
power line
high density of drainage
[5]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
5
(d) Fig. 4 shows part of the valley of the Mazowe river in the north east part of the map.
52
92
54
53
55
56
57
For
Examiner’s
Use
58
92
91
91
88
0
90
90
0
88
89
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
89
Fig. 4
On Fig. 4, use the letter indicated to show the position of:
(i)
a weir (W);
(ii)
the river’s flood plain (F);
(iii)
the confluence (joining point) of the Mushambanyama river with the Mazowe
river (C).
[3]
(e) Look at the bridge where the wide tarred road crosses the Mazowe River in the north of
the map (482906).
(i)
What is the distance along the road, between the bridge and the 945 metre spot
height in Shamva (472861)? Circle the correct answer.
3 950 metres
4 200 metres
4 650 metres
4 900 metres
(ii)
[1]
The road at the bridge is 900 metres above sea level. Calculate the gradient along
the road from the bridge to the 945 metre spot height in Shamva (472861).
Horizontal distance = .......................................
Difference in height = ......................................
Gradient = 1 in .................................................
[2]
[Total: 20 marks]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
[Turn over
6
2
Study Fig. 5, which shows the structure of the total New Zealand population, and Fig. 6,
which shows the structure of the Maori population in 2006. The Maori people form part of the
population of New Zealand.
Total New Zealand population, 2006
Male
15
10
5
Age (years)
85+
80 – 84
75 – 79
70 – 74
65 – 69
60 – 64
55 – 59
50 – 54
45 – 49
40 – 44
35 – 39
30 – 34
25 – 29
20 – 24
15 – 19
10 – 14
5–9
0–4
0
0
Percentage
Fig. 5
Female
5
10
15
Maori population, 2006
Male
15
© UCLES 2009
10
5
Age (years)
85+
80 – 84
75 – 79
70 – 74
65 – 69
60 – 64
55 – 59
50 – 54
45 – 49
40 – 44
35 – 39
30 – 34
25 – 29
20 – 24
15 – 19
10 – 14
5–9
0–4
0
0
Percentage
Fig. 6
0460/02/M/J/09
Female
5
10
15
For
Examiner’s
Use
7
(a) In 2006, 10% of the male Maori population were aged 15–19 and 5% of the female
Maori population were aged 50-54. Complete Fig. 6 by adding this data.
[2]
For
Examiner’s
Use
(b) Complete the following sentences by adding the words greater or less.
(i)
The percentage of 0–14 year olds in the Maori population is....................................
than the percentage of 0–14 year olds in the total New Zealand population.
[1]
(ii)
The percentage of over 55 year olds in the Maori population is ...............................
than the percentage of over 55 year olds in the total New Zealand population. [1]
(iii)
The percentage of 35–49 year olds in the Maori population is .................................
than the percentage of 35–49 year olds in the total New Zealand population.
[1]
(c) In 2006, the Maori population formed 14% of the total New Zealand population.
(i)
Using evidence from Figs 5 and 6 only, suggest how this may change over the next
50 years.
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)
Explain your answer to (c)(i).
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
[Turn over
8
3
Photograph A (Insert) shows an area of small-scale subsistence agriculture in Asia.
For
Examiner’s
Use
(a) Describe the relief of the area shown in Photograph A.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [4]
(b) The natural vegetation of the area is tropical rain forest but the forest has been affected
by human activity. Which of the following statements describe the distribution of forest
shown in Photograph A? Circle two correct statements.
•
covering the whole area
•
on the highest land
•
on the steepest slopes
•
in valleys
•
completely removed
[2]
(c) Soil erosion is a problem in the area shown in Photograph A. What features shown in
the photograph may encourage soil erosion?
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
9
BLANK PAGE
0460/02/M/J/09
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10
4
The United Kingdom plans to increase the percentage of electricity it produces from
renewable energy sources. Fig. 7 shows the percentage produced from renewable sources
in 2005 and the targets for 2010, 2015 and 2020.
25
target
20
percentage of
electricity from
renewable
sources
target
15
target
10
5
2005
2010
2015
2020
Year
Fig. 7
(a) State the target for the percentage of electricity to be produced from renewable sources
in 2015.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) The target for electricity from renewable sources in 2020 is 20%. Plot this information as
a pie chart on Fig 8. Use the key provided.
Key
non - renewable sources
renewable sources
[3]
Fig. 8
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
For
Examiner’s
Use
11
(c) Wind power is one renewable energy source. Fig. 9 shows a wind farm and some of the
advantages and disadvantages of wind power.
It will not run out
Potential effect on house prices and
tourism
Can be generated
on land or on sea
Visual
impact
Turbines
may kill
birds
No
carbon
dioxide
emissions
or air
pollution
Minimal
risk of
serious
accidents
Amount
of wind is
variable
May
increase
electricity
costs for
consumers
WIND
FARM
No need to dig
Older wind farms cause some concern
underground for it over noise
For
Examiner’s
Use
Quick to build and
easy to remove
Fig. 9
A new wind farm is to be built. Using Fig. 9 only, suggest how this may affect:
(i)
energy supplies;
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii)
the natural environment.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
[Turn over
12
5
Fig. 10 is a map showing the islands of Japan and the surrounding region. Plate boundaries,
plate movements and selected earthquakes are shown.
The depth of the focus of each earthquake is shown. The focus of an earthquake is the place
in the Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates.
CHINA
Sea of
Japan
Pacific
Plate
Eurasian
Plate
N
Pacific
Ocean
Philippine
Plate
0
200
km
Key
Direction of
plate movement
Plate boundary
© UCLES 2009
Earthquake focus shallower
than 100m below the
Earth’s surface
Earthquake focus between
100m and 400m below the
Earth’s surface
Earthquake focus deeper
than 400m below the
Earth’s surface
Fig. 10
0460/02/M/J/09
For
Examiner’s
Use
13
(a) Which of the following statements describe the plate movements shown on Fig. 10? Tick
two correct statements.
Statement
For
Examiner’s
Use
Tick
plates sliding past each other
plates moving towards each other
plates moving away from each other
plates moving north west and south east
plates moving north east and south west
plates moving north and south
[2]
(b) Describe one feature of the distribution of the following earthquakes shown on Fig. 10:
(i)
earthquakes with their focus shallower than 100 m below the Earth’s surface;
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)
earthquakes with their focus between 100 m and 400 m below the Earth’s surface;
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii)
earthquakes with their focus deeper than 400 m below the Earth’s surface.
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Explain why and how earthquakes occur in the area shown on Fig. 10.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [3]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
[Turn over
14
6
Fig. 11 is a map showing the four main iron and steel manufacturing centres in South Africa.
Table 2 shows further information about these centres.
N
0
200
km
Vanderbijlpark
3
Vereeniging
Newcastle
4
Atlantic
Ocean
Indian
Ocean
Saldanha
2
1
Key
1
2
3
4
= iron and steel manufacturing
= iron ore mining
= coal mining
densely populated areas
Western Cape
Eastern Cape
Gauteng
Durban – Pietermaritzburg
international boundary
Fig. 11
Table 2
Newcastle
Saldanha
Vanderbijlpark
Vereeniging
Percentage of
South African output
23
17
54
6
Main market
South Africa
Export
South Africa
South Africa
Labour force
2200
685
5200
1300
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
For
Examiner’s
Use
15
(a) Fig. 12 is a divided bar graph showing the output of the iron and steel centres as a
percentage of the South African output. Use the information in Table 2 to complete
Fig. 12.
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percentage of South African output
Newcastle
Saldanha
Vanderbijlpark
Vereeniging
Fig. 12
[3]
(b) Factors affecting the location of the iron and steel industry include:
•
•
•
•
•
raw materials – coal and iron ore
local markets
international markets
transport costs
labour
Using Fig. 11 and Table 2, describe the advantages and disadvantages of the location of
the iron and steel industry at Saldanha.
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..................................................................................................................................... [5]
[Total: 8 marks]
© UCLES 2009
0460/02/M/J/09
For
Examiner’s
Use
16
BLANK PAGE
Copyright Acknowledgements:
Question 3 Photograph A D.A. Kelly © UCLES.
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
0460/02/M/J/09
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