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Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Pre-U Certificate
9769/05G
HISTORY (PRINCIPAL)
Paper 5G Special Subject: Gladstone and Disraeli, 1867–1886
For Examination from 2016
SPECIMEN PAPER
2 hours
* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 *
Additional Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet.
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Answer Question 1 in Section A.
Answer one question from Section B.
You are reminded of the need for analysis and critical evaluation in your answers to questions. You should also
show, where appropriate, an awareness of links and comparisons between different countries and different
periods.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 3 Pre-U Certificate.
This document consists of 4 printed pages.
© UCLES 2014
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Section A
Nominated topic: Foreign and Imperial policies, 1867–1886
1
Study all the following documents and answer the questions which follow. In evaluating and
commenting on the documents, it is essential to set them alongside, and to make use of, your own
contextual knowledge.
A
William Gladstone enters the debate over Turkish action in Bulgaria.
I entreat my fellow countrymen … to require and to insist, that our government … shall apply
all its vigour to concur with the other States of Europe in obtaining the extinction of the Turkish
executive power in Bulgaria. Let the Turks now carry away their abuses in the only possible
manner, namely by carrying off themselves … One and all, bag and baggage shall, I hope,
clear out from the provinces they have desolated and profaned. This thorough riddance, this
most blessed deliverance, is the only reparation we can make to those heaps on heaps of
dead; to the violated purity alike of matron, of maiden and of child; to the civilization which has
been affronted and shamed; to the laws of God or, if you like, of Allah, to the moral sense of
mankind at large.
W. E. Gladstone, The Bulgarian Horrors and the Question of the East, 6 September 1876.
B
A newspaper editorial comments on Gladstone’s intervention in the Eastern Question.
Mr Gladstone’s indictment of the Turkish Empire precipitates what is, perhaps, the most
extraordinary issue ever presented for the decision of statesmanship … If we would duly
understand the present difficulty, we must look a good deal beyond the politics of the hour and
the scene of the present excitement. Mr Gladstone’s language goes much further than a mere
denunciation of the conduct of the Turks in Bulgaria and the Insurgent Provinces. It amounts
to an indictment of the whole of Turkish rule, from the beginning to the end, in Asia no less
than in Europe. There is not a favourable line in the tremendous picture which he draws …
How far has it been considered what [Gladstone’s words] denounce, and how far they go?
The … Turkish Empire, it should be remembered, [is] not merely a military force in occupation
of Bulgaria; [it] represents one of the most powerful and memorable organisations which have
appeared on the scene of history, and which still hold a place upon it. Their religion … though
it may be neither a mild nor a chivalrous nor a cultured Mahommedanism, is at all events
Mahommedanism, and that implies no slight force in human history.
The Times, 8 September 1876.
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9769/05G/SP/16
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C
In a speech at Aylesbury, Disraeli explains the government’s position over the crisis in Bulgaria.
Unquestionably, there is a … large portion of Her Majesty’s subjects, whose thoughts and
sentiments are attracted and absorbed by other things than the maintenance of the permanent
interests of this country or the maintenance of peace. These are matters which require and
are receiving the most earnest and constant attention of the Government. But, unhappily,
a great portion of the people of this country, prompted by feelings which have drawn their
attention to extraneous matters, have arrived at a conclusion which, in the opinion of Her
Majesty’s Government, if carried into effect would alike be injurious to the permanent and
important interests of England and fatal to any chance of preserving the peace of Europe.
Why … are we to be attacked, because … we attempt to settle with the concurrence of all
the Powers of Europe the future relations that should subsist between the Christian subjects
of [the Turkish Empire] and the Turkish government? [Those who oppose us] tell us that
nothing will satisfy them except the expulsion of the Turks from Europe and the institution of
Slavonic governments … Now Her Majesty’s Government, and I believe the Government of
every country, are perfectly aware that if such plans are attempted to be carried into effect we
shall be landed in a European War of no slight duration … I throw aside for the moment all
philanthropic, all moral, all abstract opinions of any kind; but I say this … that these schemes
are impossible and can only lead to a great war.
Speech, 20 September 1876.
D
In a speech to Conservative MPs in London, Disraeli defends the Treaty of Berlin and the
Cyprus Convention.
I hold that we have [at Berlin] laid the foundation of a state of affairs which may open a new
continent to the civilisation of Europe and that the welfare of the world and the wealth of the
world may be increased by availing ourselves of that tranquillity and order which the more
intimate connection of England with that country [Russia] will now produce. But I am sorry to
say that, though we taxed our brains and our thoughts to establish a policy which might be
beneficial to the country, we have not satisfied those who are our critics. I was astonished
to learn that the Convention of 4 June has been described as an ‘insane’ Convention. It is a
strong epithet. I do not myself pretend to be as competent a judge of insanity as my Right Hon.
opponent [Gladstone] … My lords and gentlemen, I leave the decision upon that Convention
to the Parliament and people of England.
Speech, 27 July 1878.
(a) To what extent, and why, does the impression given in Document B of the Turkish presence in
Bulgaria differ from that given in Document A?
[10]
(b) How convincing is the evidence provided by these documents for the view that the government’s
policy over the ‘Eastern Question’ in the later 1870s was in Britain’s best interests? In making
your evaluation, you should refer to contextual knowledge as well as to all the documents in
this set (A–D).
[20]
© UCLES 2014
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Section B
Answer one of the following questions. Where appropriate, your essay should make use of any relevant
documents you have studied as well as contextual knowledge.
2
Why did the Conservatives lose the general election of 1868 so comprehensively?
[30]
3
‘“Disraelian conservatism” represented a coherent body of ideas.’ Discuss with reference to
Conservative domestic policy in the years 1867–80.
[30]
4
Why did Irish issues occupy so much of the time of the United Kingdom parliament in the years
1867–86?
[30]
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Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2014
9769/05G/SP/16