Gangs, drug corners Decision-maker reality Jerry Ratcliffe and the production of actionable knowledge
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Gangs, drug corners and the production of actionable knowledge Information + Analysis = Intelligence? Information + Analysis = Knowledge Knowledge ≠ Intelligence Actionable? Jerry Ratcliffe PhD Temple University www.jratcliffe.net Temple University Department of Criminal Justice Decision-maker reality Decision-maker reality Crime Intelligence Personal bias Non-police government agencies Criminal environment Influence Influence Interpret Crime Intelligence Impact Influence Decision-maker Decision-maker Other policing agencies Media Public opinion & local interest groups Private sector Politicians Targeting the Nine Trey Bloods gang DIKI continuum Data simple observations no additional meaning, inference or opinion easily structured stored in digital format easily moved around 1 1 0 0 1 0.98 Property crime around Camden corners 2005/06 0.53 0.02 0 DIKI continuum Violent crime around Camden corners 2005/06 Information greater relevance and purpose endowed with meaning and context can often be unstructured in nature Non-Gang - No gang members were known to associate there Non-Gang - No gang members were known to associate there Dominated - where members from a single gang were know to associate DIKI continuum Non-Gang - No gang members were known to associate there Dominated - where members from a single gang were know to associate Disputed - members from different gangs were known to associate Knowledge given context by someone given meaning by someone difficult to structure store or communicate yet is also immensely valuable Crime around gang corners Crime around gang corners Violent Crime Property Crime Violent Crime (incident rate ratios) (incident rate ratios) (incident rate ratios) Non-gang corner 1 1 Non-gang corner 1 Dominated corner 2.04 1.61 Dominated corner 2.04 Disputed corner 2.69 1.82 Disputed corner 2.69 100% increase 30% increase again Thiessen polygon analysis. Spatial lag and area independent variable results not shown. Paper in preparation with Travis Taniguchi. DIKI continuum Intensity value analysis sounds difficult? Intelligence strategic or tactical relevance actionable (even if benign neglect) relevant to decision-makers Free software at www.jratcliffe.net Requires X,Y coordinates (feet or meters, not lat/long) for both crime events and facilities/corners in csv files, easily converted from Excel file Pdf help file located with software Intensity buffer calculator Inverse distance weighting options 1 Linear 0.9 Quartic 0.8 Exponential (0.10) 0.7 Exponential (0.25) 0.6 Exponential (0.33) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Download for free from www.jratcliffe.net www.jratcliffe.net 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 The real strategic decision-makers? Intelligence Personal bias Non-police government agencies Influence Decision-maker Other policing agencies Media Public opinion & local interest groups Private sector Politicians 100 Gangs, drug corners and the production of actionable knowledge Jerry Ratcliffe PhD Temple University www.jratcliffe.net Temple University Department of Criminal Justice
