PENDEKATAN,METODE,TEKNIK
eISTILAH/LABEL YANG DALAM PEMBELAJARAN:
1. Pendekatan (Approach)
2. Metode (Methods)
3. Teknik (Techniques)
4. Prosedur (Prosedures)
5. Strategi (strategies)
6. Taktik (Tactics)
1
PENDEKATAN
...a set of correlative assumptions dealing with the
nature of language and the nature of language
teaching and learning.
It describes the nature of the subject matter to be
taught.
An appoach embodies theoretical principles
governing language teaching and learning.
An approach is axiomatic .... (Edward Antony,
1963 via Kumravadivelu: 86)
2
PENDEKATAN
...those assumption, beliefs and theories obout
the nature of language and the nature of
language teaching and learning which operate as
axiomatic constructs or referece points and
provide a theoretical foundation for what
language teachers ultimately do with learners in
classrooms. (Richards & Rodgers: 1982 via
Kumravadivelu: 86)
3
METODE
1. …to refer to two different elements of
LT: as proposed by theorist, and
practiced by teachers
2. …to refer to established methods
conceptualized constructed by
experts in the field. Methodology to
refer to what practcing teachers
actually do in the classroom in order
to achieve their stated or unstated
teaching objectives.
4
METODE
3. …an overoll plan for the orderly
presentation of language material. …is
procedural
…implemented in the classroom
(Edward Antony, 1963 via Kumravadivelu:
85)
… a planned way of doing something.
LMT…implies an orderly way of going
samething
5
Categories of LT Methods
(1) Lang Centered Mtd -- concerned
with linguistics form
(2) Learner CM-- concerned with
learner need, wants,and situations
(3) Learning CM -- concerned with
cognitive processes of lang learning
See p 93
6
Myths of Methods
There are 5 myths of methods,see
pp163—167.
Cf design that includes of (1) content
of instruction, (2) learner roles, (3)
teacher roles, (4) instructional
materials and their types and functions
7
TEKNIK
… a particular trick, strategem, or contrivance
used to accomplish an immadiate objective
… an implementation of the method in the
classroom
Cf procedure: refers to the actual moment-tomoment classroom activity. See p86.
8
CATATAN
1.
Hierarkhial mhubungan antara pendekatan,
metode, dan teknik
2. Pendekatan: aksiomatik, teoretik, terkait
dengan hakikat bahasa, belajar bahasa,
pengajaran bahasa.
3. Metode: prosedural diimplentasi melalui
teknik, mirip dgn desain
4. Teknik: operasional metode dalam kelas,
mirip denganprosedur
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TERIMA KASIH
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