 Katarzyna Krol
 John Atkinson
 Iacovos Kirlappos
 Nuno Martins
 Nadia Abdul-Karim
1

2

 MA in Linguistics
(Jagiellonian University Krakow)
 BA in Social and Political Sciences
(University of Cambridge)
 Research interests:
 Human-Computer Interaction
 Human factors in cyber-security
 Compliance with security procedures
3

 Securing an election



Threat of physical violence
Well-informed choices
Transparency of voting method
 Allow the voice of the public to be heard democratically
 Design based on local knowledge
 Experience
 Culture
Katarzyna Krol
4


 Spread of information
 Election over several days
 Citizens ‘personally’ invited to cast their vote
 Trust in voting (esp. e-voting)
5

 Learning from experience with bad design
 The infamous butterfly ballot
Katarzyna Krol
6

 MEng Computer Systems & Software
Engineering with a year in industry at
Sophos Plc.
(The University of York)
 Research Interests:
 Computer & Information Security
 Nonstandard Computation & Bio-inspired
Systems
 People & Systems
John Atkinson
7




Burma elections early last month
Similar: Estonia 2007
Foreign oversight difficult



No access to:
 Government services
News outlets
Other vital services
(e.g. banking, email)
John Atkinson
8

 System devices making automated but intelligent judgements about threats.
 Locating, monitoring and interception of hostile activity.
 Not just the obvious kind of network with
PCs attached to it.
John Atkinson
9

 BA Computer Science
(University of Cambridge)
 MSc Human-Computer Interaction with
Ergonomics (UCL)



Research Interests:
 Information Security
Usability
Human Behaviour
Iacovos Kirlappos
10

Iacovos Kirlappos
11

Iacovos Kirlappos
12

 E-Voting becomes increasingly popular
 Things often go wrong



Need to create an interface that eliminates the possibility of error
Voters intentions are accurately communicated
Increases the level of trust on the outcome
 Should not be too complex


Time consuming
Unusable
Iacovos Kirlappos
13

 Principles from Human-Computer Interaction allow accommodating human capabilities
 Interaction easier and frustration-free
 Minimises potential errors
 How to achieve this
 Create the system early
 User testing is essential
 Design – Evaluate – Iterate
Iacovos Kirlappos
14

 BSc in Forensic Science with a Year in
Industry at Pfizer (University of Kent)
 Research Interests:
 Use/Development of Mathematical Models with
Applications to Risk Assessment and Management of
Critical Infrastructures
15

Scene/Function
Preparation
Entry
Pre-Condition
Intrumental Pre-Condition
Script Action
Select Target
Build IED
Arrange Vehicle
Drive to target location
Parking Space Available
Select Parking Place
Situation Control
• Classify Security Measures in
Place
• Intelligence
• If stolen Vehicle – coordination with relevant authorities
• Divert Traffic from Infrastructure
• Implement ‘No Parking’ Policy near the Infrastructure
• Physical Barriers to avoid Parking
• Area Surveillance (e.g.
Police officers/ satellite imaging)
Instrumental Initiation Arming Vehicle
Instrumental Actualisation Abandon Vehicle • Area Surveillance (Suspicious
Behaviour)
Doing
Post-condition
Exit
Set Off IED
Move Away From Scene
Exit from the Scene
 Action possible at different levels of the ‘crime commission sequence’
 Several opportunities to mitigate – possibly eliminate – the risk
Nuno Vaz Martins
16

 BSc (Hons) Forensic Science
(Staffordshire University)
 Research Interests:
 Analysis of Explosive Residues
 Use of Analytical Chemistry
 Applications to Forensic Science
17

8 4
5
1
3
7
Nadia Abdul-Karim
2
6
18

 Collection of samples (Soil, debris, other items found at the scene (e.g. mobile phones) and clothing from victims
 Collected from various radii around the crater
 Can items of evidential value / high quality samples be obtained at different distances from the explosion. If so should the radius of examination be extended?
 Can evidence from the scene, collected from a further distance, be used to link a potential suspect to the crime?
Nadia Abdul-Karim
19



It takes more than one discipline to secure an event as complex as an election.
Various expertise are needed to ensure safe and secure voting.





Encourage public participation
Countering cyber attacks
Voters understanding the system
Risk analysis of a terrorist attack
Investigation after an attack
Thank You for Listening
20