Oregon Forage and Turf
Grass Variety Seed
Yield Trial, 1988-89
Department of Crop and Soil Science
Oregon State University
Ext/CrS 84
July 1991
Agriculture, Home Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Develop State University,
EXTENSION ment, Energy, and Extension/Sea Grant Programs. Oregon
counties cooperating.
United
States
Department
of
Agriculture,
and
Oregon
SERVICE The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all people.
OREGON TrATE UNNERSITY
OREGON FORAGE AND TURF GRASS VARIETY SEED YIELD TRIAL, 1988-89
William C. Young III and Thomas B. Silberstein)
ABSTRACT
Forty-one perennial and six annual grass varieties were evaluated for seed production potential at Corvallis,
Oregon. Perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, red fescue, Chewings fescue, tall fescue, and
Italian (annual) ryegrass were included in the study. Results of 1988 and 1989 harvest years are reported.
INTRODUCTION
Private and public plant breeding programs release many new varieties for commercial production each
year. In many cases, seed producers are requested to produce seed of a new variety with very limited information
about the comparative seed yield. Since 1981, a seed yield evaluation program has been conducted at Oregon
State University. Seed yield and other characteristics of these varieties growing under western Oregon conditions
were observed for two years and previously reported (Youngberg et al., 1985; 1986; and Youngberg and Young,
1990). A fee is charged for the service.
In this study, 47 entries and standards for each species were planted for evaluation. Species included:
perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), fine-leaf (Chewings and red) fescue
(Festuca rubra), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), and tall fescue (Festuca
arundinacea).
METHODS
The trial was conducted at Hyslop Crop Science Field Laboratory, Corvallis, on a Woodburn silt loam soil
and designed to follow commercial field practices of Willamette Valley seed growers. Perennial species in this
trial were planted in May 5 to 8, 1987. The Italian ryegrass was planted on September 25, 1987 and September
29, 1988.
Seeding rates were adjusted for germination percentage to plant an equal number of pure live seed per length
of row. Row spacing was 12 inches (30 cm) for all species except tall fescue and orchardgrass, which were
spaced 18 inches (45 cm) apart. Four replications of each entry were established using a cone planter in either 2or 3-row plots (depending on row spacing) so that all plots were 3 feet (0.9 m) wide and 15.6 feet (4.75 m) in
length. A blank row was used to separate entries within blocks. Border plots were planted at the boundary of
each species. A standard variety was included for each species. Seeding rates and dates, and row width for each
species are given in Table 1.
)Assistant Professor and Extension Agronomist, and Research Assistant, respectively. Address: Department of
Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.
1
Table 1.
Seeding rate, mean number of seeds per row, row width, and seeding date for seed yield evaluation
trial
Seeding rate
Mean number
seeds per:
Row width
Seeding date
Species
1987
Perennial ryegrass
Fine-leaf fescue
Kentucky bluegrass
Orchardgrass
Tall fescue
Italian ryegrass
(lb /a)
(kg/ha)
(ft)
10.7
12.0
4.5
2.0
4.5
5.0
2.2
5.0
58
61
61
64
8.9
13.4
10.0
15.0
(m)
(in)
(cm)
190
12
12
30
30
30
45
45
30
61
200
200
210
200
55
180
12
18
18
12
5 May
6 May
6 May
8 May
8 May
25 Sept.
1988
29 Sept.
Crop Management During the Establishment Season, 1987-1988
Italian ryegrass varieties were seeded on September 25, 1987 following a surface application and incorporation of 185 lb/a (207 kg/ha) of 16-20-0 fertilizer into the seedbed on September 16, 1987. All Italian ryegrass varieties were treated with the herbicide Nortron GS (ethofumesate) at 1.0 lb active ingredient (ai/a) (1.12
kg ai/ha) on November 10, 1987. A tank mix of MCPA and bromoxynil herbicides, each at 0.375 lb acid
equivalent per acre (ae/a) (0.42 kg ae/ha), was also applied on November 10, 1987.
Weed control following establishment of perennial varieties included a tank mix of MCPA and bromoxynil
herbicides, each at 0.375 lb acid equivalent per acre (ae/a) (0.42 kg ae/ha), on June 4, 1987. Additional autumn
chemical weed control was applied on November 19 as shown in Table 2.
All perennial and annual varieties were sprayed with a tank mix of 2,4-D low volatile (LV) ester at 0.75 lb
ae/a (0.84 kg ae/ha) and dicamba at 0.25 lb ae/a (0.28 kg ae/ha) on February 27, 1988.
Table 2.
Autumn 1987 and 1988 herbicide application and rate
Species
Herbicide
Rate (ai)'
(1b/a)
Perennial ryegrass
Fine-leaf fescue
Kentucky bluegrass, Orchardgrass
and Tall Fescue
(kg/ha)
AAtrex 80W (atrazine)
Princep 80W (simazine)
1.2
1.35
2.0
2.24
Karmex 80W (diuron)
2.5
2.80
'Applied November 19, 1987 and November 16, 1988
Rainfall on May 12 [0.3 in (0.8 cm)] and May 31, 1987 [0.4 in (1.0 cm)] resulted in good stand
establishment of all perennial species. However, and additional 2.5 inches (6.4 cm) of irrigation was applied June
9-10, 1987.
Spring fertilizer was applied as urea to all species on February 19, 1988 (Table 3).
2
Table 3.
Spring 1988 and 1989 fertilizer application and rate
Species
Reel
(kg/ha)
(lb /a)
Perennial ryegrass, Italian ryegrass,
Fine-leaf fescue, Tall fescue,
Orchardgrass and Kentucky bluegrass
Nitrogen (au)
261
292
(Ib/a)
120
(kg/ha)
134
14.6-0-0 for all species applied on February 19, 1988 and March 21, 1989
A single fungicide application of Bravo 500 at 3 pt/a (3.6 1/ha) was made to orchardgrass on April 25,
1988. Tilt fungicide was applied at 4 fluid oz/a (0.3 1/ha) for rust control on Kentucky bluegrass and perennial
ryegrass. Five applications were made to Kentucky bluegrass: April 25, May 4, 16, June 4 and 16; while two
were used on perennial ryegrass: June 7 and 21, 1988.
Plots were checked weekly from late March until maturity for heading date (approximately 50% of the stand
had headed), anthesis date (first appearance of exerted anthers), lodging date (when lodging first became
apparent), area lodged (estimate of area lodged), and the severity of lodging (based on a scale of 1-5). Plant
height measurements were recorded at peak anthesis.
Autumn 1988 and Spring 1989 Management
Italian ryegrass varieties were reseeded in the fall of 1988 for evaluation in 1989. Establishment methods
previously reported were used for row spacing, seeding rate and plot size. Italian ryegrass varieties were seeded
on September 29, 1988 following a surface application and incorporation of 185 lb/a (207 kg/ha) of 16-20-0 fertilizer into the seedbed on September 26, 1988. An autumn herbicide treatment of Nortron GS at 1.0 lb ai/a (1.12
ai kg ai/ha) was made to all Italian ryegrass on November 16, 1988. Italian ryegrass plots also received a spring
application of a tank mix of 2,4-D LV ester at 0.75 lb ae/a (0.84 kg ae/ha) and dicamba at 0.25 lb ae/a (0.28 kg
ae/ha) on February 27, 1989.
Following the first seed harvest of the perennial species straw was removed from all plots.
Stubble
remaining on the plots was burned two times with a propane flamer on August 26 and 30. An application of 185
lb/a (207 kg/ha) of 16-20-0 was broadcast on all perennial species on November 18, 1988. Herbicide sprays for
fall and winter weed control were applied on November 16, 1988 at rates shown in Table 2.
All plots (perennial species and Italian ryegrass) were sprayed with a tank mix of 2,4-D LV ester at 0.75 lb
ae/a (0.84 kg ae/ha) and dicamba at 0.25 lb ae/a (0.28 kg ae/ha) on February 27, 1989 for broadleaf weed
control.
Spring fertilizer was applied as urea to all entries on March 21, 1989 as shown in Table 3.
Tilt was applied at 4 fluid oz/a (0.3 1/ha) for rust control on Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass.
Three applications were made on Kentucky bluegrass: April 21, May 3, and 13; while two were used on perennial
ryegrass: May 3 and 13, 1989. In addition, A single fungicide application of Bravo 500 at 3 pt/a (3.6 1/ha) was
made to orchardgrass on April 21, 1989.
As reported for the first crop year, plots were checked weekly from late March until maturity for heading
date, anthesis date, lodging date, area lodged, and the severity of lodging. Plant height measurements were
recorded at peak anthesis.
Harvest maturity was determined by seed moisture content. When mature, the entire plot was harvested
with a small plot harvester incorporating a sickle bar cutter and draper designed for efficient bagging of harvested
plant biomass (reported as total dry weight). The bagged material was air- and oven-dried, threshed, cleaned, and
3
weighed to calculate seed yield. A 3 to 5-gram seed sample from each plot was taken with a seed divider to
determine the 1000-seed weight. Harvest index, expressed as a percentage, was calculated for each entry:
Clean seed weight
Harvest index -
x 100
Total dry weight harvested
Data from each species were subjected to a randomized block analysis of variance and Least Significant
Difference test to determine differences among variety means.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The planting method and irrigation during the seedling development period produced a good stand of all
species in 1987. Kentucky bluegrass was less uniform in emergence due to some crusting of soil, however, by
mid-June planted rows of all entries were easily identified. Rainfall during July 1987 was above normal and
resulted in well established plants that were able to tolerate the extended dry fall during the first seed crop season
(Table 4). A warm (March-April) and wet (April-May) spring, 1988, contributed to severe rust development in
some entries of Kentucky Bluegrass requiring additional fungicide use. The rust control program was not
completely effective. Rust developed later in perennial ryegrass and was effectively controlled with two fungicide
applications. Some rust was also observed in tall fescue in mid-June, but this species was not treated with
fungicide.
Dry fall conditions in both crop years resulted in later than average applications of fertilizer and herbicide
programs. Spring (April, May and June) temperatures in the second crop year (1989) were significantly above the
30-year mean (Table 4). Precipitation during this period was slightly below average. This combination of higher
temperatures and below normal precipitation resulted in earlier heading, anthesis, and harvest maturity in 1989.
Table 4.
Monthly mean minimum and maximum temperatures, total precipitation in Corvallis, Oregon; data
shown for 1987, 1988, 1989 and 30-year averages
Temperature (° F)
M
o
n
t
h
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Year
Minimum
30 Yr
avgl 1987 1988 1989
32.9
35.0
30 Yr
avgl 1987
1988
1989
46.2
51.6
56.2
65.3
70.2
77.8
77.6
83.9
78.8
73.4
53.8
43.7
44.8
52.1
56.3
60.9
64.2
71.6
82.4
82.5
78.7
68.2
52.6
45.8
47.0
42.4
64.9
63.3
34.8
28.0
34.6
49.2
52.7
51.8
46.8
41.5
40.8
34.5
33.2
34.9
36.5
42.1
43.8
48.6
51.8
50.1
46.4
46.6
40.6
34.2
44.1
50.5
51.6
51.2
47.9
40.6
38.6
34.1
45.1
50.4
53.8
59.3
66.2
72.6
80.7
80.5
75.5
64.3
52.3
46.5
41.4
42.7
42.4
41.9
62.3
36.1
38.8
43.2
48.3
50.6
50.7
47.7
41.7
37.2
33.1
36.6
38.6
40.3
46.1
Precipitation (inches)
Maximum
38.1
43.2
11951-1980 Average
4
53.1
65.8
66.8
76.1
76.6
30 Yr
avgl 1987
7.6
4.9
4.6
2.5
1.9
1.2
8.2
4.5
3.7
1.6
1.4
78.0
0.3
0.8
80.6
1.5
63.9
54.2
45.2
3.4
6.2
7.8
0.3
2.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
3.9
11.4
62.5
42.6
37.7
1988
1989
7.1
1.7
3.9
3.3
3.8
1.8
0.1
4.2
3.2
6.8
1.4
1.5
1.1
0.1
10.9
0.3
0.9
0.6
2.7
3.9
4.0
3.1
37.5
29.6
0.0
0.7
Harvest dates and other observations for the various species are presented in Tables 5-16. Seed yields from
these research plots should be compared with known standard varieties rather than using the absolute figures to
estimate potential yields under commercial production conditions. Plot harvest methods reduce shattering and
other harvest losses that normally occur in commercial production.
REFERENCES
Monthly normals of temperature,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
1982.
precipitation, and heating and cooling degree days 1951-80, Oregon. Prepared by NOAA Environmental
and Information Service, National Climatic Center, Asheville. North Carolina.
Redmond, K.T. 1987. Weather summary, Corvallis, Oregon. Monthly time series January - December 1987.
Prepared by Oregon State University Climatic Research Institute in cooperation with the Department of
Crop Science.
Redmond, K.T. 1988. Weather summary, Corvallis, Oregon. Monthly time series January - December 1988.
Prepared by Oregon State University Climatic Research Institute in cooperation with the Department of
Crop Science.
Redmond, K.T. 1989. Weather summary, Corvallis, Oregon. Monthly time series January - December 1989.
Prepared by Oregon State University Climatic Research Institute in cooperation with the Department of
Crop Science.
Youngberg, H.W., W.C. Young III, and D.O. Chilcote. 1985. Oregon forage and turf grass variety seed yield
trial, 1982-83. Spec. Rept. 730. Agric. &pt. Sta., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. 11 pp.
Youngberg, H.W., W.C. Young III, and D.O. Chilcote. 1986. Oregon forage and turf grass variety seed yield
trial 1984-85. Spec. Rept. 766. Agric. Expt. Sta., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. 15 pp.
Youngberg, H.W. and W.C. Young. 1990. Oregon forage and turf grass variety seed yield trial 1986-87.
Ext/CrS 82. Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. 13 pp.
5
Table 5. Seed yield, total dry weight, thousand-seed weight, and heading date of perennial ryegrass, 1988 and 1989
cr,
Variety
name
1988
1989
Sheriff
Chief
Opinion
Boston
Bar LP 82-LO
Bargold
Barcredo
BAR ER 6K
Linn (Std)
Barcolte
BAR DK 4GEL
1293
1450
1106
1297
1038
1209
865
1093
1473
1280
1532
1083
1298
Mean
LSD 0.05
1240
355
Seed yield (lb /a)
650
635
470
Mean % Std.
3.89
4.18
3.66
4.12
4.26
4.79
2.70
4.17
4.44
3.93
4.95
1023
4.89
1.06
3.31
0.98
4.10
--
65
71
754
55
83
272
706
569
900
1362
933
1205
42
66
807
201
1.68
1.90
1.28
1.40
1.29
1.39
.93
1.14
1.90
1.77
1.75
3.73
4.19
2.92
2.95
3.12
4.02
1.26
3.47
4.28
2.43
4.00
87
101
1128
586
878
1988
4.05
4.17
4.39
5.29
5.41
5.56
4.15
4.87
4.61
5.44
5.89
1188
1374
878
966
1046
1251
Total dry weight (t/a)
1989 Mean
1988
100
69
89
1000-seed wt. (g)
1989
Mean
Heading date
1988
1989
12 May
3 May
30 May
31 May
5 June
25 May
30 May
31 May
3 May
25 May
22 May
23 May
1.68
1.68
2.28
2.09
1.38
1.50
1.43
1.42
1.33
1.27
1.33
1.45
1.36
1.41
1.13
1.21
2.25
2.08
1.97
1.65
1.87
1.70
13 May
4 May
31 May
1 June
6 June
26 May
31 May
1 June
4 May
26 May
23 May
1.49
1.65
1.57
23 May
0.19
0.14
Table 6. Anthesis date, harvest date, harvest index, lodging rate and plant height of perennial ryegrass, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
Anthesis date
Harvest date
Harvest index (%)
1988 1989 Mean
1989
1988
1989
2 June
31 May
Sheriff
31 May 22 May
Chief
Opinion
16 June 11 June
17 June 12 June
Boston
Bar LP 82-LO 20 June 12 June
Bargold
12 June 11 June
26 June 12 June
Barcredo
BAR ER 6K 14 June 12 June
31 May 20 May
Linn (STD)
7 June
13 June
Barco lte
2 June
BAR DK 4GEL13 June
15 July
8 July
22 July
22 July
27 July
16
18
13
12
10
22 July
27 July
22 July
8 July
8 July
15 July
1 July
1 July
18 July
18 July
27 July
18 July
27 July
18 July
1 July
1 July
1 July
6 June
18 July
12 July
13
Mean
LSD 0.05
1988
12 June
'Percentage
2Lodging score 1-5; 1 = no lodging and 5 = flat
11
16
17
13
12
11
8
13
9
12
10
11
11
11
10
15
12
11
16
12
13
1
15
16
12
11
12
3
16
12
12
13
First lodging (1988)
Date
Areal Score2
Plant height (cm)
First lodging (1989)
Date Area Score 1988 1989 Mean
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4 June 38
4 May 43
19 July
45
18 July 45
27 July 53
12 June 30
27 July 100
12 June 43
4 May 55
55
1 July
7 June 65
21 May 44
3
NS
NS
20 June 75
-NS
12 May
5 May
17 June
30 May
17 June
21 May
17 June
8 June
5 May
12 May
7 May
--
65
33
43
50
28
60
50
60
44
30
23
3
3
78
4
77
73
73
76
65
73
3
3
3
1
4
4
3
3
3
1
81
80
106
86
79
9
59
68
50
54
54
62
38
60
68
63
69
69
75
64
64
64
69
52
67
74
59
69
11
85
78
Table 7. Seed yield, total dry weight, thousand- seed weight, and heading date of fine-leaf fescue, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
1988
1988
3.89
3.98
3.33
2.27
3.31
3.99
4.40
5.08
3.13
3.23
3.07
2.73
2.51
2.66
2.71
4.07
4.36
4.36
2.45
2.79
3.48
3.35
2.92
2.46
3.01
4.03
4.38
4.72
2.79
3.01
1.04
.98
1.18
1.00
1.07
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.00
1.03
1.10
1.00
1.20
.99
1.10
1.16
1.15
1.12
1.02
1.02
1.07
.99
1.19
1.00
1.09
1.18
1.18
1.16
3.66
0.93
3.17
0.50
3.42
1.09
0.06
1.08
0.06
Molinda
Camaro
Koket
Baruba
Bamica
Flemo
Victor
Hector
Barcrown
Pennlawn (STD)
1775
1594
1483
861
1434
1798
2161
1222
1522
936
866
719
553
738
1183
1294
1460
435
631
Mean
LSD 0.05
1640
273
881
183
2550
Total dry weight (t/a)
1989 Mean
Seed yield (1b/a)
1989
Mean % Std.
1356
1230
1101
126
114
102
707
1086
101
1491
1728
2005
829
1077
1261
66
138
160
186
77
100
1000-seed wt. (g)
1989 Mean
1988
Heading date
1988
1989
1.01
1.03
21 April
17 April
21 April
22 April
22 April
19 April
18 April
20 April
13 May
2 May
21 April
25 April
25 April
21 April
21 April
19 April
19 April
21 April
10 May
1 May
1.09
22 April
24 April
Table 8. Anthesis date, harvest date, harvest index, lodging rate and plant height of fine-leaf fescue, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
Anthesis date
1988
27 May
Molinda
27 May
Camaro
31 May
Koket
31 May
Baruba
6 June
Barnica
30 May
Flemo
27 May
Victor
27 May
Hector
31 May
Barcrown
Pennlawn (STD)30 May
Mean
LSD 0.05
v)
30 May
Harvest date
Harvest index (%)
1988 1989 Mean
1989
1988
1989
12 May
12 May
12 May
12 May
12 May
8 May
8 May
10 May
26 May
23 June
23 June
23 June
23 June
23 June
23 June
23 June
27 June
23 June
23 June
23
20
22
20
15
16
14
10
22
14
26 May
1 July
1 July
1 July
1 July
1 July
8 July
8 July
8 July
8 July
8 July
24
11
14 May
5 July
23 June
--
23
NS
14
2
'Percentage
2Lodging score 1-5; 1 = no lodging and 5 = flat
23
25
25
22
15
15
17
9
First lodging (1988)
Area' Score2
Date
86
88
86
83
7
70
5
77
83
2
4
87
80
3
3
3
3
76
3
3
3
3
3
3
23 May
3
3
3
15
2
3
16
18
30
28
45
25
43
38
58
18
9 May
40
26
20
78
74
78
72
69
3
3
50
70
21
73
69
69
64
61
80
72
75
68
67
26 May 43
23 May 33
15 May 33
15 May 68
21 May 58
15 May 30
15 May 23
23 May 45
23 June 100
23 May 23
12 May
12 May
5 May
7 May
10 May
5 May
7 May
9 May
18 May
10 May
19
18
18
15
18
19
Plant height (cm)
First lodging (1989)
Date Area Score 1988 1989 Mean
4
1
45
26
1
3
1
79
86
79
83
76
81
78
77
Table 9. Seed yield, total dry weight, thousand- seed weight, and heading date of Kentucky bluegrass, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
Caroline
Lucia
Miranda
BAR VB 577
BAR VB 534
BAR VB 7034
BAR VB 7251
BAR VB 6611
Newport (STD)
Mean
LSD 0.05
b.
0
1988
1039
415
556
971
1017
473
532
541
461
667
237
Seed yield (lb /a)
1989
Mean % Std.
1025
656
889
1140
1308
427
856
471
544
813
326
1032
536
723
1056
1163
205
450
694
506
503
90
740
107
144
143
231
138
101
100
Total dry weight (t/a)
1989 Mean
1988
1000-seed wt. (g)
1989
Mean
1988
0.28
0.23
0.29
0.22
0.26
0.32
0.21
0.33
0.26
0.35
0.36
0.38
0.31
0.35
0.39
0.28
0.39
0.35
0.32
0.30
0.34
0.27
1.86
1.66
4.27
1.60
2.91
2.86
3.33
2.33
2.63
2.24
2.21
2.21
2.71
0.27
0.05
0.35
0.03
4.63
2.12
3.56
3.31
3.84
3.05
3.05
2.62
2.75
3.92
1.08
2.27
2.41
2.83
3.21
1.04
1.61
2.22
0.59
Heading date
1988
1989
0.25
0.36
0.31
3 May
3 May
13 May
5 May
28 April
15 May
28 April
15 May
28 April
4 May
9 May
10 May
4 May
4 May
15 May
1 May
15 May
4 May
0.31
4 May
7 May
0.31
0.36
Table 10.
Variety
name
Anthesis date, harvest date, harvest index, lodging rate and plant height of Kentucky bluegrass, 1988 and 1989
Anthesis date
1988
Harvest date
1989
1988
1989
Caroline
6 June 10 May
Lucia
31 May 10 May
Miranda
31 May 15 May
BAR VB 577 27 May 12 May
BAR VB 534 31 May
8 May
BAR VB 7034 31 May 22 May
BAR VB 7251 31 May 15 May
BAR VB 6611 31 May 22 May
Newport (STD)31 May 15 May
12 July
12 July
12 July
12 July
12 July
12 July
12 July
12 July
12 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
Mean
LSD 0.05
12 July
5 July
31 May
17 May
'Percentage
2Lodging score 1-5; 1 = no lodging and 5 = flat
Harvest index (%)
1988 1989 Mean
11
10
9
15
13
8
13
31
12
21
20
23
23
15
19
18
13
11
9
20
10
8
13
17
10
12
13
10
3
19
15
5
First lodging (1988)
Date
Areal Score2
6 June
6 June
24 June
6 June
18 May
6 June
11 May
6 June
31 May
45
2 June
--
69
NS
83
83
68
73
63
50
70
90
First lodging (1989)
Date Area Score
100
100
100
100
100
100
4
4
4
5 July
5 July
5 July
5 July
2 June
5 July
26 May
5 July
5 July
3
28 June
92
2
4
4
2
4
3
3
1
Plant height (cm)
1988
1989 Mean
69
53
61
41
50
39
53
1
70
64
60
69
69
66
66
41
54
1.3
65
46
56
0.3
7
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
26
3
100
100
1
48
47
39
65
47
60
56
54
54
51
60
Table 11.
Seed yield, total dry weight, thousand- seed weight, and heading date of orchardgrass, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
BAR OGL 71
Syn 8501
DS -7
Hallmark
Paiute
Potomac (STD)
Mean
LSD 0.05
1988
1295
1192
1236
1133
987
1036
1144
209
Total dry weight (t/a)
1989 Mean
1988
3.89
4.37
4.61
5.17
4.82
4.53
0.85
0.84
0.95
0.86
0.86
0.90
4.57
0.90
0.05
Seed yield (1b/a)
1989 Mean % Std.
1988
1077
1695
1004
1743
1679
1562
1186
1444
1120
1438
1333
1299
3.66
4.14
4.78
5.15
4.75
4.49
4.13
4.61
1460
227
1302
4.49
0.95
4.64
0.44
91
111
86
111
103
100
4.44
5.20
4.90
4.57
Heading date
1000-seed wt. (g)
1989
Mean
1988
1989
1.01
0.83
0.97
0.98
0.94
0.96
0.96
18 May
3 May
13 May
30 April
5 May
3 May
15 May
25 April
15 May
25 April
25 April
25 April
1.00
0.95
7 May
2 May
0.81
1.09
1.00
1.02
1.06
0.07
Table 12. Anthesis date, harvest date, harvest index, lodging rate and plant height of orchardgrass, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
Anthesis date
Harvest date
Harvest index (%)
1988
1989
1988
1989
1988 1989 Mean
BAR OGL 71 10 June
2 June
Syn 8501
DS - 7
8 June
Hallmark
31 May
27 May
Paiute
Potomac (STD)23 May
31 May
10 May
30 May
10 May
10 May
11 May
11 July
1 July
11 July
1 July
1 July
1 July
1 July
21 June
1 July
21 June
21 June
21 June
18
15
13
13
18
11
1 June
17 May
4 July
24 June
Mean
LSD 0.05
'Percentage
2Lodging score 1-5; 1 = no lodging and 5 = flat
First lodging (1988)
Date
Area' Score2
Plant height (cm)
First lodging (1989)
Date Area Score 1988 1989 Mean
1 July
3
3
45
34
36
38
2
1 July
100
1
3
26 May
26 May
26 May
83
10
12
17 June
10 May
21 June
10 May
10 May
12 May
33
38
17
17
17
16
17
12
14
14
15
63
78
2
2
2
13
16
15
37
NS
87
2
2
24 May
--
3
2
11
4
4
1
68
2
26 May 100
1
7 June
--
NS NS
133
113
134
119
121
124
124
125
126
119
127
124
129
119
130
119
124
124
124
10
124
124
NS
Table 13. Seed yield, total dry weight, thousand- seed weight, and heading date of tall fescue, 1988 and 1989
Total dry weight (t/a)
1989
Mean
1988
Seed yield (lb /a)
Variety
name
1988
1989
BAR FA 7851
Barcel
Syn W
Fawn (STD)
Trbl
1541
1253
961
1363
1194
1857
1393
1328
1470
1140
1699
1323
1145
1417
1167
Mean
LSD 0.05
1262
NS
1438
1350
Mean % Std.
2.46
6 May
30 April
2.31
4.87
1.18
4.76
0.68
4.81
2.36
0.21
2.55
0.11
81
4.91
262
2.17
2.34
2.65
2.63
2.84
2.28
2.50
2.65
5.46
3.69
2.21
2.34
2.67
2.58
2.02
100
82
4 May
4 May
27 April
21 April
4 May
4.99
5.48
4.99
5.21
3.39
4.78
5.52
1989
1988
7 May
13 May
28 April
27 April
13 May
5.21
5.45
5.07
4.96
3.10
120
93
Heading date
1000-seed wt. (g)
1988
1989
Mean
2.71
Table 14. Anthesis date, harvest date, harvest index, lodging rate and plant height of tall fescue, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
Anthesis date
Harvest date
1988
1989
1988
1989
BAR FA 7851
Barcel
Syn W
Fawn (STD)
Trbl
25 May
7 June
31 May
25 May
31 May
28 May
30 May
27 May
12 May
30 May
7 July
7 July
7 July
29 June
7 July
1 July
1 July
Mean
LSD 0.05
30 May
25 May
5 July
Harvest index (%)
1988 1989 Mean
15
19
17
13
12
14
18
12 May
12 May
12 May
12 May
12 May
44
38
48
50
65
13
16
15
12 May
5
3
49
NS
21 June
21 June
1 July
16
12
10
12
17
27 June
'Percentage
2Lodging score 1-5; 1 = no lodging and 5 = flat
First lodging (1988)
Date
Areal Score2
18
13
13
Plant height (cm)
First lodging (19891
Date Area Score 1988 1989 Mean
26 May
30 May
30 May
26 May
40
25
3
4
4
4
35
3
50
3
3
1 July
100
3
4 June
50
29
3
0.7
110
118
125
2
120
122
125
120
107
123
105
115
120
125
122
106
3
119
116
118
1
11
8
3
Table 15.
Seed yield, total dry weight, thousand- seed weight, and heading date of Annual ryegrass, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
Bartolini
Bartissimo
Bar LM 411
Bar LM 4990
Lunar
Marshall (STD)
Mississippi
Mean
LSD 0.05
1988
Seed yield (Ib/a)
1989
Mean % Std.
934
566
354
542
1877
1510
1045
745
618
728
1427
2295
1510
1335
964
1150
608
281
1155
924
881
914
1427
2712
*
*
'Variety entered for planting one year only.
46
33
27
32
62
100
66
Total dry weight (t/a)
1989 Mean
1988
4.03
4.08
3.90
4.15
5.84
5.99
2.43
2.66
2.11
2.23
1000-seed wt. (g)
1989 Mean
1988
2.48
2.29
2.29
2.37
4.49
3.07
*
3.02
2.49
3.23
3.37
3.01
3.19
5.84
4.51
2.49
4.67
2.49
3.58
1.41
NS
2.83
0.19
*
*
2.47
2.23
2.31
2.31
*
2.77
2.75
2.47
0.19
Heading date
1988
2.48
2.26
2.30
2.34
4.49
2.92
2.75
21 May
20 May
20 May
21 May
20 May
20 May
2.65
20 May
*
1989
16 May
15 May
15 May
22 May
*
17 May
10 May
15 May
Table 16.
Anthesis date, harvest date, harvest index, lodging rate and plant height of Annual ryegrass, 1988 and 1989
Variety
name
Bartolini
Bartissimo
Bar LM 411
Bar LM 4990
Lunar
Anthesis date
I-.
n
Harvest index (561
1988 1989 Mean
1989
1988
1989
12 June
12 June
7 June
7 June
7 June
31 May
31 May
26 May
31 May
11 July
7 July
7 July
7 July
7 July
7 July
1 July
1 July
1 July
1 July
14
10
12
10
*
11
20
*
1 July
1 July
8 July
1 July
*
Marshall (STD) 9 June 2 June
28 May
Mississippi
*
Mean
LSD 0.05
Harvest date
1988
9 June
27 May
'Percentage
2Lodging score 1-5; 1 = no lodging and 5 = flat
*Variety entered for planting one year only.
17
14
16
12
9
11
12
*
11
21
*
22
23
13
16
15
NS
2
11
23
First lodging (1988)
Date Area' Score2
12 May
12 May
12 May
12 May
12 May
12 May
*
12 May
78
48
3
4
First lodging (1989)
Plant height (cm)
Date Area Score 1988 1989 Mean
1 July
26 May
1 July
26 May
60
3
35
33
4
70
4
*
*
26 May
26 May
54
26
3
7 June
NS
3
*
50
40
82
80
78
82
93
89
88
94
*
89
121
81
81
109
82
96
16
5
104
97
33
4.
3
3
45
4
*
*
43
43
4
3
105
121
130
*
42
NS
3
NS
98
110