دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺴﺤﯿﺔ وﻋﻼﺟﯿﺔ ﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻒ ﻣﺠﯿﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﯿﻖ ﺷﻤﺴﺔ , 1ﺣﯿﺪر ﻣﺤﻤﺪ أﻟﺮﻣﺎﺣﻲ ,2ﻓﻼح ﺣﺴﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻄﯿﻒ -1اﻟﻤﻌﮭﺪ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺠﻒ /اﻟﻨﺠﻒ/اﻟﻌﺮاق. 2 -2ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺎدﺳﯿﺔ/ﻛﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻄﺐ اﻟﺒﯿﻄﺮي/اﻟﺪﯾﻮاﻧﯿﺔ/اﻟﻌﺮاق. اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ أُﺟﺮﯾﺖ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺢ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻒ ,ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻢ ﻓﺤﺺ 740رأس ﻏﻨﻢ وأﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺴﺮﯾﺮﯾﺔ واﻟﻔﺤﺺ أﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮي ﻟﻠﻜﺸﻄﺎت اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ اﻟﻤﺮض .أﻇﮭﺮت اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إن ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ % 22.16وﺳﺠﻠﺖ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺐ ﻟﻠﺨﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺷﮭﺮ ﺷﺒﺎط ﺣﯿﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ % 42.25ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻗﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺷﮭﺮ ﺣﺰﯾﺮان .% 7.4 ﺳﺠﻠﺖ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺮأس % 61.58ﺗﻠﺘﮭﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻹﻟﯿﺔ واﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ واﻟﻈﮭﺮ ﺑﻨﺴﺐ ﺧﻤﺞ % 16.46و % 12.8و % 9.4ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ . أﺧﺘﯿﺮ 40راس ﻏﻨﻢ ﻣﺨﻤﺞ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯿﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻼج ,ﻗﺴﻤﺖ اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت إﻟﻰ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ,اﻋﺘﺒﺮت ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺳﯿﻄﺮة )ﻣﺨﻤﺠﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ( ,ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﺑﻌﻘﺎر Ivermectinﺑﺠﺮﻋﺔ 0.2 ﻣﻠﻐﻢ /ﻛﻐﻢ ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ ,أﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺘﯿﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ واﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻋﻮﻟﺠﺖ ﺑﻌﻘﺎر Abamectinﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺘﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ واﻟﺴﻜﺐ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ وﺑﺠﺮﻋﺔ 0.2ﻣﻠﻐﻢ /ﻛﻐﻢ ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ. أﻇﮭﺮت اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺣﺼﻮل اﻟﺸﻔﺎء اﻟﺘﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ 2و3و 4ﻓﻲ اﻟﯿﻮم 21ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ اﺳﺘﻤﺮ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﯿﻄﺮة,وﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺘﺒﺎﯾﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ) 2و3 و ( 4ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﻓﺮق ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺘﮭﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻼج . 1 اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﯾُﻌﺪ اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺧﻤﺎج اﻟﻤﮭﻤﺔ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم ,واﻟﺬي ﯾﺘﻤﯿﺰ ﺑﺈﺻﺎﺑﺘﮫ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻘﻠﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﻮف وﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ آﻓﺔ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻜﺔ اﻟﺸﺪﯾﺪة وﺗﺴﺎﻗﻂ اﻟﺼﻮف وﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﻐﻄﺎة ﺑﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺳﻤﯿﻜﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺸﺮة اﻟﺒﯿﻀﺎء).(1 إن اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺒﺐ ھﻮ ﺣﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع Sarcoptes scabieiواﻟﺬي ﯾﻀﻢ ﻋﺪة ﺳﻼﻻت اﺣﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ Biological racesﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺑﻨﻮع واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺋﻒ وﻟﻜﻦ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ أن ﯾﺼﯿﺐ ﻋﺪة أﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺋﻒ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﮭﺎ أﻟﻤﻀﯿﻔﻲ).( 2 إن ﻋﻼج اﻟﻤﺮض ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺒﯿﺪات اﻟﺤﺸﺮﯾﺔ ھﻮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت اﻟﺼﻌﺒﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﻠﻜﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺖ واﻟﺠﮭﺪ وﻻ ﯾﺨﻠﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻮرة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺤﺔ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن واﻟﺤﯿﻮان ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺗﻠﻮﯾﺚ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﺔ ) ,( 3وأﻛﺪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ (4)Abu-Samra et alو , (5) Liebisch et alﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪم ﻛﻔﺎءة ﻃﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺮش واﻟﺘﻐﻄﯿﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺒﯿﺪات اﻟﺤﺸﺮﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺮب ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﻐﻠﻐﻞ اﻟﻄﻔﯿﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ أﻋﻤﺎق ﺑﺸﺮة اﻟﺠﻠﺪ ووﺟﻮد اﻟﻘﺸﺮة اﻟﺴﻤﯿﻜﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻋﺎﺋﻘﺎ أﻣﺎم وﺻﻮل اﻟﻤﺒﯿﺪ ﻟﻠﻄﻔﯿﻠﻲ وﻗﺘﻠﮫ. ﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺪواﺋﯿﺔ Avermectinsاﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻓﻄﺮ Streptomyces avermitilisواﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻀﻢ أﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﻗﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ Ivermectinو Abamectinﺑﻜﻔﺎءﺗﮭﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﯿﻄﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﯿﻒ واﺳﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﻔﯿﻠﯿﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﯿﺔ واﻟﺨﺎرﺟﯿﺔ).(6 أﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاق ﻋﻘﺎر Ivermectinﺑﻨﺠﺎح ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤ ﺎل ﻣ ﻦ اﺳ ﺘﺨﺪم ﻋﻘ ﺎر ﻗﺒ ﻞ )(7وﻓ اﻟﺠﻲ ﺎﻣﻮس ﻣ ﻦ ﻗﺒ ﻞ) (8ﻓو ﻲاﻷﻏﻨ ﻣﺎم ﻦ ﻗﺒ ﻞ) (9و),(10ﻛﻤ ﺎ Abamectinﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺮب ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﺎل ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ )(11وﻟﻢ ﻧﻌﺜﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤ ﺼﺎدر ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام Abamectinﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم. ﺗﻨﺎوﻟﺖ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺧﻤﺞ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻒ وﻣﺤﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻼج ﺑﻌﻘﺎر Abamectinﺑﺘﺮﻛﯿﺒﺘﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ واﻟﺴﻜﺐ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻲ وﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﻼج ﺑﻌﻘﺎر .Ivermectin. 2 اﻟﻤﻮاد وﻃﺮاﺋﻖ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺗﻢ ﻓﺤﺺ 740راس ﻏﻨﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﺮ واﻟﺠﻨﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻒ وھﻲ ﺑﺤﺮ اﻟﻨﺠﻒ ,ﻣﺰارع ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻛﺮﺑﻼء ,ﻣﻈﻠﻮم واﻟﺒﺮاﻛﯿﺔ ,ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮة ﻣﻦ 2004/10/1وﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ 2005/7/1وأُﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺴﺮﯾﺮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﺤﺺ أﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮي اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺜﻮر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺸﻄﺎت اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ اﻟﻤﺮض ودوﻧﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺤﺺ أﻟﺴﺮﯾﺮي واﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮي ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻤﺎرات ﺧﺎﺻﺔ. .1ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺎت:ﺟﻤﻌﺖ اﻟﻜﺸﻄﺎت اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻓﺔ اﻵﻓﺔ اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ اﻟﻜﺸﻂ ﺑﻤﺸﺮط ﺟﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻌﻘﻢ وﺑﻌﻤﻖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﻀﺢ اﻟﺪم ,ﺛﻢ وﺿﻌﺖ اﻟﻜﺸﻄﺎت اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻨﺎﻧﻲ زﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ ذات ﻏﻄﺎء ﻣﺤﻜﻢ وأﺿﯿﻒ إﻟﯿﮭﺎ ﻛﻤﯿﺎت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺤﻮل اﻻﺛﯿﻠﻲ ﻟﻐﺮض اﻟﺤﻔﻆ ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ ﻓﺤﺼﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺘﺸﺨﯿﺼﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﺿﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻄﺐ اﻟﺒﯿﻄﺮي – ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺎدﺳﯿﺔ. .2ﻓﺤﺺ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺎت:ﺗﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﺸﻄﺎت اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮ وﻓﻘﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮه ) (12ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺤﻔﻆ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ اﻟﻄﺮد اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ 1500دورة/دﻗﯿﻘﺔ وﻟﻤﺪة 5دﻗﺎﺋﻖ, ﺛﻢ أﺿﯿﻒ ﻟﻜﻞ 1ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ 10ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل KOHﺑﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ %10ﺛﻢ ﺳﺨﻨﺖ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﺑﻠﻄﻒ دون اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻰ اﻟﻐﻠﯿﺎن وﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ اﺧﺘﻔﺎء أﻟﯿﺎف اﻟﺼﻮف ﺣﯿﺚ إن ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل ﯾﻘﻮم ﺑﮭﻀﻢ اﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ واﻟﺼﻮف ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﻻ ﯾﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻠﻢ ,ﺛﻢ ﺑﺮدت اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ ووﺿﻌﺖ ﺑﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﻄﺮد اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ 1500دورة/دﻗﯿﻘﺔ وﻟﻤﺪة 5دﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻣﺎﺻﺔ زﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ ,ﺛﻢ وﺿﻌﺖ ﻗﻄﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮاﺳﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﯾﺤﺔ زﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ وﻓﺤﺼﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﻮة اﻟﺘﻜﺒﯿﺮ 40ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﺮ اﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ وﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ أﻃﻮارھﺎ. .3ﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺨﻤﺞ :ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﯿﻮان ﻣﺼﺎب ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ أﻃﻮارھﺎ ﻓﻲ 10ﺣﻘﻮل ﺿﻮﺋﯿﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﻮة اﻟﺘﻜﺒﯿﺮ 40ﺛﻢ ﯾﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ ,10واﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎر ھﻮ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺤﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ . .4ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻼج:أﺟﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻼج ﻓﻲ اﺣﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎن اﻷﻏﻨﺎم اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﺤﺮ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر 40رأس ﻏﻨﻢ ﺑﻐﺾ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﺲ وﺗﺘﺮاوح أﻋﻤﺎرھﺎ ﻣﻦ 4-2ﺳﻨﺔ ﻣﺨﻤﺠﺔ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯿﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ,ﻗﺴﻤﺖ إﻟﻰ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﯾﺔ ووﺿﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻈﺎﺋﺮ ﺷﺒﮫ 3 ﻣﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ ,اﻋﺘﺒﺮت ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺳﯿﻄﺮة )ﻣﺨﻤﺠﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ( ,ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ * ﻋﻮﻟﺠﺖ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ ﺑﻌﻘﺎرIvermectin ) (IVOMICTMﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ وھﻲ 0.2ﻣﻠﻐﻢ/ﻛﻐﻢ ﻣﻦ ** وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ,أﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺘﯿﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ واﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻋﻮﻟﺠﺖ ﺑﻌﻘﺎر Abamectin ) (GENESISTMوﺑﺘﺮﻛﯿﺒﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ واﻟﺴﻜﺐ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ وھﻲ 0.2ﻣﻠﻐﻢ /ﻛﻐﻢ ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ.أٌﺟﺮي اﻟﻔﺤﺺ أﻟﺴﺮﯾﺮي وﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ وﻗﺴﻤﺘﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪد ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﯾﺎم 21 ,14 ,7 ,0ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻌﻼج. اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ واﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ .1ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ :ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 740راس ﻏﻨﻢ ﻣﻔﺤﻮص ﺗﻢ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ 164 رأس ﻣﻨﮭﺎ وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ .% 22.16ﺳﺠﻠﺖ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺷﮭﺮ ﺷﺒﺎط و ﻛﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ وآذار ﺣﯿﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ % 42.25و % 39.13و % 36.26ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ ,أﻣﺎ اﻗﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺷﮭﺮ ﺣﺰﯾﺮان ,% 7.4ﺟﺪول) رﻗﻢ .(1 إن ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺣﺪوث اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻒ اﻟﺘﻲ أﻇﮭﺮﺗﮭﺎ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺟﺎءت ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﻠﺖ إﻟﯿﮫ اﻟﺒﺪراﻧﻲ ) (10ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺢ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ , %24.3 أﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ اﺷﮭﺮ اﻟﺸﺘﺎء واﻧﺨﻔﺎﺿﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﺷﮭﺮ اﻟﺼﯿﻒ ﻓﮭﻮ إن ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ﺗﻨﺸﻂ ﻓﻲ درﺟﺎت اﻟﺤﺮارة اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ واﻟﻤﺼﺤﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﯿﻒ ), (13ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ زﯾﺎدة اﻟﺘﻤﺎس واﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎك ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻈﺮوف اﻟﺠﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﺒﺎردة ).(1 أﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ آﻓﺎت اﻟﻤﺮض ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺳﺠﻠﺖ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺮأس % 61.58ﺗﻠﺘﮭﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻹﻟﯿﺔ واﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ واﻟﻈﮭﺮ ﺑﻨﺴﺐ ﺧﻤﺞ %16و % 12.8و % 9.4ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ ,وﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﺠﻞ أﯾﺔ آﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ ),ﺟﺪول رﻗﻢ .(2 ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ *ﻣﻦ إﻧﺘﺎج ﺷﺮﻛﺔ Bayerاﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ. ** ﻣﻦ إﻧﺘﺎج ﺷﺮﻛﺔ Ancare NZ limitedاﻟﻨﯿﻮزﻟﻨﺪﯾﺔ. 4 إن ﻧﺴﺒﺔ إﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺮأس اﻟﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻇﮭﺮت ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺟﺎءت ﻣﺘﻔﻘﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮه ﺣﺴﯿﻦ) (14ﻣﻦ إن ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ اﻟﺮأس ) (% 58.15ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ذﻛﺮت اﻟﺒﺪراﻧﻲ) (10ﻓﻲ دراﺳﺘﮭﺎ إن ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺧﻤﺞ اﻟﺮأس ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ),(% 92.5و ﻗﺪ ﯾﻌﻮد ﺳﺒﺐ ذﻟﻚ إﻟﻰ إن ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﺗﻔﻀﻞ إﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﻘﻠﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﻮف ) , (2وذﻛﺮ (15) Al-Ramahiإن ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ﺗﺨﺘﺒﻲء ﺻﯿﻔﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺨﺒﯿﺌﺔ وأھﻤﮭﺎ ﻗﻨﺎة اﻷذن اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﯿﺔ واﻟﺤﻔﺮة ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﺠﺎﺟﯿﺔ وﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻘﺮﯾﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﻈﺮوف اﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻧﺨﻔﺎض درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة وارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ. أﻇﮭﺮت ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ وﺟﻮد إﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻜﺜﯿﻔﺔ اﻟﺼﻮف ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻈﮭﺮ واﻹﻟﯿﺔ وھﺬا ﯾﺘﻔﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ أورده (16) Lieperﻣﻦ إن اﻷﻏﻨﺎم اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺨﻤﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ ذات اﻟﺼﻮف اﻟﻜﺜﯿﻒ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻈﮭﺮ واﻹﻟﯿﺔ. ﺟﺪول رﻗﻢ : 1ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻧﺴﺐ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺷﮭﺮ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﺸﮭﺮ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﻋﺪد اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﻔﺤﻮﺻﺔ اﻟﺨﻤﺠﺔ ﺗﺸﺮﯾﻦ اﻷول 110 14 12.72 ﺗﺸﺮﯾﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ 66 9 13.63 ﻛﺎﻧﻮن اﻷول 79 12 15.18 ﻛﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ 92 36 39.13 ﺷﺒﺎط 71 30 42.25 آذار 91 33 36.26 ﻧﯿﺴﺎن 84 19 22.61 أﯾﺎر 66 5 7.5 ﺣﺰﯾﺮان 81 6 7.4 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع 740 164 22.16 5 اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ ﺟﺪول رﻗﻢ : 2ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ آﻓﺎت اﻟﻤﺮض ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﺨﻤﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﺮأس 101 61.58 اﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ 21 12.8 اﻟﻈﮭﺮ 15 9.14 اﻹﻟﯿﺔ 27 16.46 اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ 0 0 .2ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻼج : اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ :ﻛﺎن ﻣﻌﺪﻻت ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ھﻲ 2.2, 2.15, 2.25, 2.02ﺣﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﻟﻸﯾﺎم 0و 7و 14و 21ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ, واﺳﺘﻤﺮت اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﺿﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ. اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ :ﻛﺎن ﻣﻌﺪل ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ أﻏﻨﺎم ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﻼج 2.25ﺣﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﺛﻢ اﻧﺨﻔﺾ إﻟﻰ 0.45و 0.01ﺣﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﯾﺎم 7و 14ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻌﻼج و ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ ,واﺧﺘﻔﺖ ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ﻛﻠﯿﺎ ﻓﻲ ﯾﻮم 21ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ. اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ :ﻛﺎن ﻣﻌﺪل ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﯾﻮم 0ھﻮ 2.35ﺣﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﺛﻢ اﻧﺨﻔﺾ إﻟﻰ 0.43و 0.05ﺣﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﯾﺎم 7و 14ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻌﻼج وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ,ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ اﺧﺘﻔﺖ ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ﻛﻠﯿﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﯿﻮم .21 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ :ﻛﺎن ﻣﻌﺪل ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻟﻸﻏﻨﺎم اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﻼج 2.4ﺣﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﺛﻢ اﻧﺨﻔﺾ إﻟﻰ 0.37ﻓﻲ ﯾﻮم 7ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻌﻼج ,واﺧﺘﻔﺖ ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ﻛﻠﯿﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﯿﻮم 14ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻌﻼج ),ﺟﺪول رﻗﻢ .(3 6 ﺟﺪول رﻗﻢ : 3ﻣﻌﺪﻻت ﻧﺴﺐ اﻟﺨﻤﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺪل ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺨﻤﺞ :ﺣﻠﻢ /ﺣﻘﻞ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ±اﻟﺨﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳﻲ ﯾﻮم 0 ﯾﻮم 7 ﯾﻮم 14 ﯾﻮم 21 2.02 2.25 2.15 2.2 0.42± 0.41± 0.42± 2.25 اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ 0.43 0.03 0.12± 0.24± 0.08 2.4 اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ 0 0.07± 0.12± 0.22± 2.35 اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ 0.45 0.01 0.44± 0.37 0 0 0 0.32± 0.15± أﻇﮭﺮ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺘﺒﺎﯾﻦ وﺟﻮد ﻓﺮق ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ) (%1ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﯿﻄﺮة وﺑﻘﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ,وﻟﻢ ﯾﻜﻦ ھﻨﺎك ﻓﺮق ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻣﯿﻊ 2و 3و.4 إن ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻼج ﺑﻌﻘﺎر Ivermectinﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ أﻋﻄﺖ ﺷﻔﺎء ﺗﺎم ﻓﻲ ﯾﻮم 21ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ وھﺬا ﯾﺘﻔﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ وﺟﺪه (9) Yousif et alو Ibrahim and (17)Abu-Samraﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮭﻢ ﻋﻘﺎر Ivermectinﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ وﺑﺠﺮﻋﺔ 0.2ﻣﻠﻐﻢ/ﻛﻐﻢ ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ .ﻛﻤﺎ إن اﺧﺘﻔﺎء ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺸﻄﺎت اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﯾﻮم 21ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺟﺎء ﻣﺘﻔﻘﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮه أﻟﺮﻣﺎﺣﻲ ) (11ﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮫ ﻋﻘﺎر Abamectinﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﺤﻘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ وﺑﺠﺮﻋﺔ 0.2ﻣﻠﻐﻢ/ﻛﻐﻢ ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج ﺧﻤﺞ اﻟﺠﻤﺎل ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ. إن ﺣﺼﻮل اﻟﺸﻔﺎء اﻟﺘﺎم ﻓﻲ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﯾﻮم 21ﻣﻦ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻼج ﺟﺎء ﻣﺘﻔﻘﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮه ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ (18)Rooney et alو أﻟﺮﻣﺎﺣﻲ ) (11ﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮭﻢ ﻋﻘﺎر Doramectinو Abamectinﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ ﺑﺘﺮﻛﯿﺒﺔ اﻟﺴﻜﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻈﮭﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺑﻘﺎر واﻟﺠﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ وﺑﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﺠﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ. 7 ﻟﻘﺪ أﺷﺎر ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ (19) Hassanو (7) Barhoom and Hassanو Barhoom et )ٍ8)alإﻟﻰ إن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﺮوري إﻋﻄﺎء ﺟﺮﻋﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻘﺎر Ivermectinﺑﺠﺮﻋﺔ 0.2ﻣﻠﻐﻢ/ﻛﻐﻢ ﻣﻦ وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﯾﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ 14ﯾﻮم ﻟﻐﺮض اﻟﻘﻀﺎء اﻟﺘﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب ,ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﻇﮭﺮ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إن ﺟﺮﻋﺔ واﺣﺪة ﺗﻜﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﻀﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻠﻢ اﻟﺠﺮب اﻟﺴﺎرﻛﻮﺑﺘﻲ وﻗﺪ ﯾﻌﻮد ﺳﺒﺐ ذﻟﻚ إﻟﻰ إن اﻟﻌﻘﺎﻗﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ذات ﻓﻌﻞ ﻃﻮﯾﻞ اﻷﻣﺪ وﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺬﻛﻮر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺸﺮة اﻟﺪواﺋﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ. ﻟﻢ ﯾﺴﺠﻞ أي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﺮﯾﺮﯾﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻌﻘﺎﻗﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ وھﺬا ﯾﺘﻔﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮه (20) Al-Khafaji and Al-Farwachiو أﻟﺮﻣﺎﺣﻲ ).(11 8 اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر 1. Radostits , O.M. , Blood ,D.C. and Gay , C.C. (1997) . Veterinary Medicine : Textbook of the disease of cattle , sheep, pigs, goats &horses. 8th ed . Saunders company Ltd. London .U.K. pp1305-1309. 2. Urquhart , M. Armour , J. , Duncan , J. L. , Dunn , A.M . and Jenning ,F. W. (2003) . Veterinary Parasitolgy .2nd ed . BlackWell Science Ltd. London .U.K. pp 197- 200 . 3. Naser ,M.Y. ;Nassif ,M.M. and Fouad ,F.M.(1996).Some of ClinicoBiochemical effect of Organophosphorus Insecticides (Phoxime) in Rams .Veterinary Medicine Journal,Gizza.44(4),pp 331-338. 4. Abu-Samra ,M.T.; Hago ,M.A. ;Aziz ,M.A. and Awad ,F.W. (1981).Sarcoptic mange in sheep in Sudan .Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology.75(6),pp 639-645. 5. Liebisch ,A. ;Rahman ,M.S. and Awad ,A.(1980).Contribution on the therapy for Psoroptic and Sarcoptic mange of various domestic animals with Phosphoric acid ester (Sebacil).Veterinary Medical Review.1,pp 316. 6. Bishop ,Y.(1996).The Veterinary Formulary. 3red ed. ,London . Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain and British Veterinary Association .pp 159-161. 7. Barhoom ,S.S. and Hassan ,W.A.(1993) .Efficacy of Ivermectin and HCH in treatment of Sarcoptic mange in Camels .The Veterinarian .3 9 (1),pp 40-44. 8. Barhoom ,S.S ;Shabin ,F.K. and Hassa,W.A.(1997).Efficacy of Ivermectin against mange in Buffaloes. The Veterinarian .6(1),pp70-72. 9. Yousif ,Y.A. ;Al-Khalidi ,W.W. and Zenad ,M.M.(1989).treatment of mange in sheep with Ivermectin .Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine.9(1),pp22-23. ﻣﺮض اﻟﺠﺮب ﻓﻲ اﻟﻀﺄن ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ,(1998), ﺑﺎﺳﻤﺔ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻔﺘﺎح, اﻟﺒﺪراﻧﻲ.10 .ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ, رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﯿﺮ,اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ ﻣﺮض اﻟﺠﺮب ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﺎل اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ, (2000), ﺣﯿﺪر ﻣﺤﻤﺪ,أﻟﺮﻣﺎﺣﻲ.11 .ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻐﺪاد, رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﯿﺮ. دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺴﺤﯿﺔ وﻋﻼﺟﯿﺔ:اﻟﻨﺠﻒ 12. Coles ,E.H. ,(1986).Veterinary Clinical Pathology.4th ed., Philadelphia ,W.B. Saunders Company ,pp 488. 13.Tarry,D.W.(1974),Sheep scab: It is diagnosis and Biology .Veterinary Record,95,pp 530-532. دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺴﺒﺒﺎت اﻟﺠﺮب ﻓﻲ اﻷﻏﻨﺎم وﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻛﻔﺎءة, (1979),ﻣﺤﺴﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ, ﺣﺴﯿﻦ.14 . ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻐﺪاد, رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﯿﺮ, ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﺒﯿﺪات اﻟﺤﺸﺮﯾﺔ 15.Al-Ramahy,H.M.(2006), Identification of latent psoroptic mange in sheep in Al-diwanyia province .Al-Qadisiya Journal of Vet. Med. Sci.4(5). 16.Lieper, Y.W.G.(1957),Report to the Government of Iraq on animal parasites and their control,(F.A.O.). 17. Ibrahim ,E And Abu-Samra ,M.T.(1987).Experimental transmission of goat strain of sarcoptes scabie to desert sheep and its treatment with Ivermectin. Veterinary Parasitology.26(3),pp 157-164. 10 18.Rooney,K.R Illyes ,E.F . ;Sunderland,S.J. ;Sarasola ,P.; Handrickx ,M.O. ;Keller ,D.S. ;Meinert ,T.R. Logan,N.B. ;Weatherley ,A.J. and Conder,G.A.(1999),Efficacy of pour on formulation of Doramectin against lice, mites and grubs of cattle. American journal of Veterinary Research,60(4),pp.402-404. 19.Hassan ,W.A.(1998),The efficacy of Ivermectin in treatment of sarcoptic mange in goats, The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ,22(1&2),pp.97-103. 20.Al-Khafaji ,N.J. and Al-Farwachi ,M.I.(2000),Side effect of Ivermectin in comparison with Levamisol in rabbit .Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Science.13(1),pp.67-79. 11 Survey and therapeutic study of sarcoptic mange in Sheep in Najaf province Mojeeb,T.Shamsa1 , Haider ,M. Al-Ramahi2 and Falah, H. Abdl-Lataif2 1-Technical Institute of Najaf/ Najaf / Iraq. 2-University of Al-Qadisiya/ Al-Diwanyia /Iraq. ABSTRACT This study was carried out to survey the sarcoptic mange in sheep in Najaf province. A total of 740 sheep were examined clinically and were collected from suspected cases for laboratory investigation . The results showed that infestation rate was 22.16% ,the highest province was recorded in February 42.25% ,While the lowest prevalence was recorded in June 7.4%. The high incidence of mange lesions occurred on head 61.58% ,followed by fat tail 16% ,neck 12..8% and back 9.4%. The therapeutic trials were conducted on 40 sheep naturally infested with sarcoptic mange . Animals were divided into 4 equal groups: group no. 1 was kept as a control (infested but non treated) ,group no.2 was treated with Ivermectin at dose 0.2 mg/kg B. W. subcutaneously ,while group no. 3 and 4were treated with 0.2 mg /kg B.W. of Abamectin subcutaneously and pour on formulations ,respectively. The perfect recovery was occurred in animals of group no. 2,3 and 4 at day 21 of trial, while in group no.1 (control),the infestation with sarcoptic mange was continued to the end of trial. 12