Rob Turrisi & Lindsey Varvil-Weld
Penn State
Vicki Knox & Starrla Penick
MADD
Reduced Social Controls
Abar et al., 2007-2009
Chassin et al., 2004-2008
Turrisi et al., 2000-2010
Patock-Peckham & Morgan-Lopez, 2007
Road from Research to Practice
Initial Efficacy
Study
Enhancing
Efficacy
Refining the
Program
Effectiveness
…and more
Original
PBI
Multicomp
/ High Risk
Timing /
Dosage
Consequences Parenting
Risk/
Protection
Styles
Parent-Teen
Comm.
Social
Parenting
Cognition and Alcohol
Multi-site
Pos/Neg.
Perceptions
Normative
Perceptions
Attitude Toward
Drinking Behavior
Intention
Pos/Neg.
Perceptions
Alternative 1
Normative
Perceptions
Alternative 1
Attitude Toward
Alternatives to
Drinking
Consequences
Drinking
Parent Intervention:
Treatment vs. Controls
Drinking
Tendencies
5
4
3
2
2.34
2.22
1.53
1.4
1
0
Fall
Spring
Treatment
Control
The worse case
scenario for the
Treatment is better
than the best case
scenario for the
Controls
Mothers Against Drunk Driving®
Who We Are
Founded by a mother whose daughter
was killed by a drunk driver, Mothers
Against Drunk Driving® (MADD) is the
nation’s largest nonprofit working to
protect families from drunk driving and
underage drinking. MADD also supports
drunk driving victims and survivors —
serving one person every 9 minutes — at
no charge.
How We Work
• MADD employs a staff of 330 people
across the country and has thousands of
volunteers, including 1,400 trained victim
advocates who provide services to
victims/survivors of drunk driving.
• MADD’s funding comes from
individuals, government grants, Walk Like
MADD 5k events, victim impact panels
and corporate sponsorships.
 Three Key Programs
 Power of Parents
 Launched
 Power of You(th)™
 Launching soon
 Power of Community™
 In development
Power of Parents, It’s Your Influence™
Goals:
1.
To influence parenting behavior to
prevent underage drinking
2.
Maintain the 21 minimum drinking
age law in all 50 states
3.
Engage new supporters to carry on
MADD’s life saving work
 Interactive section of the website:
madd.org/powerofparents
 Community-based Program:
Parent Handbook
©2011 Mothers Against Drunk Driving
16
Total Media Impressions for
the program during
PowerTalk 21 =
More than 52.4 Million
17
Facilitators’
Variables
Facilitators’
Communication
Parents’
Variables
Parents’
Communication
Teens’ Drinking and
Consequences
Motives
Knowledge
Skills
Effective delivery of
parent workshops
Beliefs
Attitudes
Norms
Self Efficacy
Self Concept
see Guilamo-Ramos, et al., 2008
Effective delivery of
parent workshops
 N=75
 Mean age= 44(SD=12) years
 84% female
 80% white
 Modal education level: Bachelor’s degree
 58.7% family member or friend involved in a drunk
driving crash
Underage drinking is just part of what
teens do.
Most teens are not interested in
drinking.
14.9
10.8
Underage drinking is never a good
thing to do.
100
Parents can be effective in reducing
underage drinking.
95.6
People important to me think its important to
engage in community outreach to reduce
underage drinking.
78.3
86.5
I would be able to run effective workshops.
Overall I feel like I am doing a good job (running
workshops).
75.7
I am the type of person who thinks it is important
to talk with teens about underage drinking.
94.6
If I talk to parents about underage drinking, they
will listen.
94.6
Teens of parents who attend MADD workshops
will be less likely to drink.
59.5
Facilitators’
Variables
Facilitators’
Communication
Parents’
Variables
Parents’
Communication
Teens’ Drinking and
Consequences
Motives
Knowledge
Skills
Parent
Communications
Beliefs
Attitudes
Norms
Self Efficacy
Self Concept
see Guilamo-Ramos, et al., 2008
Communication
with teens about
underage drinking
 N=390
 Mean age= 44(SD=10) years
 79% female
 71% white
 Modal education level: Bachelor’s degree
 37.4% family member or friend involved in a drunk
driving crash
Facilitators
Parents
16.3
8.3
34.6
13.9
77.8
44.1
Authoritative
Authoritarian
Permissive/Neglectful
I am the type of parent who talks to their
teen about underage drinking.
Most people who are important to me
talk to their teens about underage
drinking.
If I talk to my teen about underage
drinking, he or she will be less likely to
drink.
93
56
75.5
*Similar to PATS sample: 85% of parents were concerned and willing to help
Underage drinking is just part of what
teens do.
My teen is not interested in drinking.
Underage drinking is never a good
thing to do.
Parents can be effective in reducing
underage drinking.
15.2
33.4
98
88.4
Facilitators’
Variables
 Is the parent intervention effective in
the current format?
 Do the workshops increase parent
motivations and communications?
Facilitators’
Communication
Parents’
Variables
 What facilitator characteristics increase
the effectiveness of the workshops?
Parents’
Communication
 What parent characteristics increase
responsiveness of the workshops?
Teens’ Drinking
and
Consequences
NIAAA/NIH Support
Kim Mallett, PhD – Penn State
Michael Cleveland – Penn State
Jim Jaccard, PhD – NYU
Mary Larimer, PhD - U. Washington
Daniel Harkness – Boise State University
Nadine Mastroleo, PhD – Brown University
Anne Ray, PhD – Rutgers University
Caitlin Abar, PhD – Brown University
Jerod Stapleton, PhD – Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center
Miesha Marzell, PhD – Prevention Research Center Berkley
Nichole Scaglione, MS – Penn State
Aimee Read – Penn State
AND
All of our partners at MADD,
All of the MADD volunteers,
All of our national program partners and sponsors, and
Bill Windsor - Nationwide