VCESIM - LTE Dynamic System
Simulator
by Sheffield University
A Tutorial on Simulator Functionality, Usage and Development
Room F160, Mapping Building, University of Sheffield.
Dr. Weisi Guo and Prof. Tim O’Farrell
University of Sheffield
19th July 2011
2
Contents
• Introduction
• Development Time Line
• Functionality Overview and Details
• Usage
• Results
• Development and Version Control
27/06/2013 © The University of Sheffield
Part 1: Introducing the Simulator
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Introduction
• Written by Dr. Weisi Guo
• Approved by Prof. Tim O’Farrell
• Asset of MVCE and University of Sheffield
• For use by Industrials
• Current Version 1.6
• Development duration: Dec 2010 to July 2011
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Time Line
19th July: Tutorial on Code
Functionality and Usage.
Feedback on Development.
Jan: TSG Feedback on Cell Deployment,
Antenna Patterns and Initial Results
v0.0 Started
Development
Dec
v1.2 Antenna
Patterns and
Sectorization
Jan
v1.1 Basic
Deployment:
Cell Size
Feb
v1.4 Power
Control and
Traffic Models
Mar
v1.3 HSPA &
Sleep Mode &
Energy Models
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Apr
v1.6 Mobility
Model and
Uplink
May
v1.5 Cell
Expansion:
Flex-RAN
Jun
v1.8 Advanced
Scheduling
Jul
v1.7 Het-Nets:
Overlay and
Generic
Aug
Sep
v1.9
Integrating
Solutions
6
Validation
• Validated against 3GPP Ericsson Downlink [1]
3 Sectors with Frequency Re-use Pattern with 1x2 SIMO,
ISD = 1700m
VCE SIM Throughput: 1.3 bit/s/Hz/cell
Average Literature Throughput: 1.2/bit/s/Hz/cell
3 Sectors with Frequency Re-use Pattern 1 with 2x2 SUMIMO, ISD = 1700m
VCE SIM Throughput: 1.6 bit/s/Hz/cell
3GPP Ericsson Throughput: 1.6 bit/s/Hz/cell
[1] LTE Performance Evaluation – Uplink Summary 3GPP TSG RAN R1-072261, November 2007
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Design Philosophy
• Create First, Improve Later
• Easily Customizable
• Integrate other Research Solutions
• Reveal fundamental metrics & mechanisms
• At the cost of: slower simulation times
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Storage and Referencing
• Stored on NEC Secure Server
• Request permission from Author, Approver &
MVCE
• Internal Reference: TR-GR-0076
• External Reference: Green Cellular Network,
IEEE Wireless Advanced Conference
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Functionality Overview
• User Distribution, Traffic and Mobility
• Cell Deployment and Transmission
• Channel Propagation Modelling
• Attachment and Scheduling
• Downlink and Uplink Throughput
• Results Extraction
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Input Parameters
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0
-500
Distribute Users & Cells
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Optimization Loop: Cell Size,
Antenna Parameters, Resource
Allocation
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-1500
Attach Users to Cells
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Schedule Users
Downlink, Uplink &
Other Results
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Input Parameter List 1
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Input Parameter List 2
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Functionality Customization
• Each function’s ability is toggled by a logical
input, i.e., 1 = Sleep Mode, 0 = No Sleep Mode
• To add extra functionality, add an extra logical
step inside the function
• Update the user manual accordingly
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Key Functions
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Part 2: Detailed Simulator
Functionality
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User Distribution
• 2 User Distribution Choices: Fixed or Random
• Parameters: Simulation Area and Density (per km2)
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0
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Traffic Load
• Related to Number of Users and QoS demanded
• 2 Choices: Full Load or Partial Load
Dense Urban Peak:
120Mbit/s/km2
Dense Urban Mean:
80Mbit/s/km2
Dense Urban Low:
30Mbit/s/km2
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User Mobility
• 2 Choices: Manhattan or Browning
• Parameters: Restriction Factor and Speed
• Future: Mixture of Users
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0
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0
1000
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Homogeneous Cell Deployment
• Parameters: Inter-cell-site distance, Horizontal Sectors,
Vertical Sector-Sets, Frequency Reuse Pattern
• Optional Parameters: Inter-cell and Intra-cell Rotation
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Heterogeneous Cell
Deployment
• Parameters: Inter-cell-site distance, Horizontal Sectors,
Vertical Sector-Sets, Frequency Reuse Pattern
• Optional Parameters: Inter-cell and Intra-cell Rotation
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Transmission Power
• Max. Transmission Power varies with inter-site distance.
• Sleep Mode Power consumption can vary as a
percentage of the overhead power.
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Antenna Pattern
• Depends on Cell Type and Plane
• Horizontal Plane: Theoretical Expression
• Vertical Plane: Look Up Table in Book of Assumptions.
• Only 2D Antenna Patterns so far, but can modify to get
a 3D version in.
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Pathloss Model
• Options: WINNER II Urban
Micro/Macro, COST 231
HATA/Walfish-Ikegami, Freespace.
• Multipath and Shadow Fading
on sub-carrier level.
Multipath Options: WINNER II
model or Independent
Rayleigh.
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Cell Selection
• Select Cell Based on Strongest Downlink SINR
• Central Cell-Site Users are considered for performance
• Outer Cell-Site Users are considered for interference
2500
2000
Planned Work:
Wrap Around and
Soft Handover
Functionality
1500
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500
0
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0
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Scheduling
• Conventional Scheduler: Round Robin with option of
using all resource blocks or be QoS dependent.
• Proportional Fairness and Max SINR (version 1.8,
August)
• Green Scheduler: Energy Efficient Proportional Fair
Scheduler (version 1.8 of code, August), incorporating
Charles’ work.
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UL and DL Throughput
•
Options: Shannon Capacity, Backed-off Shannon, Adaptive Modulation and
Coding (AMC) Table. AMC from BoA-Bristol or Vienna LTE Link Simulator.
•
Downlink SINR: Interference from other cells to user
•
Uplink SINR: Interference from other users to serving cell
6
Gaussian (Shannon)
Gaussian (LTE Backoff)
MCS Lookup Table
Capacity, bits/s/Hz
5

SINR
RShannon LTE  min  BW log 2 (1 
),
Backoff

4
Shannon
64 QAM

MAX
RShannon
 LTE 


3
16 QAM
2
Clearly, the Shannon bound is
a poor approximation
1
QPSK
0
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
SINR, dB
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30
35
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Results Extraction
• Total/Average UL/DL Rate,
• 95% UE achieved UL/DL Rate,
• Outage Probability,
• ECR,
• Sleeping Cells.
• Average UL/DL SINR.
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2D Plotting
• Capabilities: Track Moving UE, Show Cell Selection
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3D Plotting
• Capabilities: Show Average DL Received SINR
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Part 3: Demonstration
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Requirements
• Authorized Access to NEC Server
• Permission from Dr. Weisi Guo, Prof. Tim O’Farrell
and Simon Fletcher
• Matlab installed, prefer 2010b edition or better
• Technical Support: contact Dr. Weisi Guo
• Joint code development, is not available yet.
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Starting Point
• Access NEC Server
• Select Trunk and Copy Files into same Matlab Folder
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Running Simulator
• Access Matlab
• Version developed on 7.10.0
R2010a
• Select Correct Folder pathway
• Open the Main LTE Simulator
File: LTE Simulator v1.6.m
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Inputs and RUN
• Should look like this:
• Version Control at top
• Parameters and input
advice given next
• Just click run, and the
Matlab window will
regularly tell you what’s
happening.
27/06/2013 © The University of Sheffield
Part 4: Development and
Feedback
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Making Changes
• Making changes
requires using
SVN (software
version control)
• Committing
changes is
simple.
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Going Forward
19th July: Tutorial on Code
Functionality and Usage.
Feedback on Development.
V1.6 Mobility
Model and
Uplink
Jun
Nov: Feedback on
Integration Progress
and Simulator Update
v1.8 Advanced
Scheduling
Jul
v1.7 Het-Nets:
Overlay and
Generic
Aug
Sep
V1.9 Wrap
Around and
Indoor Simulator
27/06/2013 © The University of Sheffield
V2.2 Soft
Handovers
Oct
Nov
v1.11 Integrating
MVCE Solutions
Dec
Jan
V2.1 Legacy
Systems
Feb
Mar
V2.3 ??
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Outdoor: Multi-Cell, Multi-User Network
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User Mobility, Offered Load Density, Cell Sectorization and Frequency Reuse Patterns
2500
6
Gaussian (Shannon)
Gaussian (LTE Backoff)
MCS Lookup Table
2000
5
1500
Capacity, bits/s/Hz
1000
500
0
-500
-1000
4
3
2
-1500
1
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SINR, dB
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Adaptive Modulation & Coding, Sleep Mode Operation and Relays
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Indoor: Customizable Architecture
Large Office
Corridors
Washroom
Outdoor
Interference
Small Office
Femto-cells
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Integrated Simulator
Base-stations
Relays
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Indoor
Femto-cells