Athena SWAN Bronze Award Application Name of Institution: University of Warwick Year: 2010 Contact for Application: Professor Alison Rodger Email: A.Rodger@warwick.ac.uk Telephone: +44(0)24 76574696 Number of departments as a proportion of all university departments: The University has 11 SET departments out of a total of 28 academic departments. They are: Within the Faculty of Science: Biological Sciences Chemistry Computer Science Engineering (including Warwick Manufacturing Group) Life Sciences Mathematics Physics Psychology Statistics Warwick HRI (formerly Horticultural Research International) Within the Faculty of Medicine: School of Medicine Letter of endorsement from the Vice Chancellor (maximum 500 words) Dear Ms Hawkes Application for Athena SWAN Bronze Award As Vice-Chancellor of the University of Warwick, I am extremely proud of our diverse community of staff, students and visitors, and am committed to maintaining our excellent record in teaching and research by ensuring there is equality of opportunity for all. I am aware of the Athena SWAN charter through departmental involvement at Warwick and through my own review of Research Careers in the UK, undertaken in 2008 on behalf of the then Secretary of State for Universities, which promoted the work of Athena SWAN. The University of Warwick places great importance on the achievement of Athena’s aims. It is, therefore, committed to a number of specific actions at organisational and departmental level Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 1 which aim to provide a culture where all can thrive, are equally valued and experience equality of opportunity for career progression. I and my senior colleagues are very much in support of these actions and SET departments across the institution are working together to ensure initiatives promoting gender equality are proactively implemented. In particular, the University’s ‘Single Equality Scheme’ has been developed to ensure the further development Warwick’s equality and diversity agenda. The Single Equality Action Plan includes actions on all six equality strands (age, disability, gender, race, religion or belief, and sexual orientation). In addition, all of the University’s policies and procedures undergo an equality impact assessment and an Equality and Diversity (E&D) Network Group has been established to identify and recommend to the University specific areas for further action. Our policy at Warwick is to support all academic staff to raise their profiles. As such, a range of policies and practices are in place to ensure that both women and men are appropriately supported in advancing their careers in academia and HE management. For example, opportunities for recognition of achievement and further professional development are offered through the Warwick Award for Teaching Excellence and the Warwick Leadership Programme and a significant proportion of recipients and participants are female. In addition, an increasing number of women are represented within the University’s senior management, in senior academic positions and in the membership of our governing and decision-making bodies. Dialogue between academic departments has also helped to identify areas to help support women in their careers and we are actively working to ensure that this best practice is widely implemented across the institution. I am especially proud that Warwick women are represented on a range of national and international bodies and have won numerous academic and professional accolades. Female staff across a wide range of disciplines serve or have served on the committees of professional societies and the institution is working to ensure that even more staff, both male and female, are encouraged to develop skills in communicating their research and its impact to the public. I am convinced that the University of Warwick’s application for the Bronze Award demonstrates our strong commitment to the principles and practices promoted by Athena Swan. I look forward to your response in due course. Yours sincerely Professor Nigel Thrift 1. Description of the Institution Warwick University is arguably the most successful of UK universities founded within the past half-century (1965) having earned an outstanding reputation both for research and teaching. Warwick combines a ‘can-do’ entrepreneurial spirit with a commitment to absolute academic excellence. Warwick’s ambition, encapsulated in its Vision 2015 strategy launched in 2007, is to be a World top-50 university by 2015. The University's most recent very positive QAA Institutional Audit (2008) had ‘confidence’ in our management of academic standards and the quality of the learning experience. The 2008 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), where almost 90% of eligible staff were submitted, rated 65% of Warwick’s research as ‘world-leading’ Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 2 or ‘internationally excellent’, ranking Warwick’s research overall as 7th amongst multi-faculty institutions, with 19 Departments ranked in the UK top 10. Warwick is a founder member of the Russell Group, which represents the UK’s leading research intensive universities. Warwick has circa 5,000 staff (including 1,800 academic and research staff) in 4 faculties, 28 academic departments, and 30 research centres. It has a total student population of 21,500, 14,000 undergraduates and 7,500 postgraduates. The University is a cosmopolitan international body committed to tackling major global problems through research and teaching. Within the SET Departments specifically identified above, there are 477 academic staff, 552 research-only staff, 59 teaching-only staff, 169 technical staff, and 367 administrative and clerical staff. There are 5,598 undergraduate students and 3,026 postgraduate students in the Science Faculty. One of Warwick’s major strengths is its culture of high quality cross-disciplinary research both among the departments and between departments and those in other faculties. Institutionally Warwick has tried to establish structures underpinning infra structure to enable dynamic decision-making to facilitate adoption of new opportunities or initiatives from academic staff. 2. Institutional policies and procedures (max 200 words per section) (i) Single Equality Scheme and Action Plan The ‘Single Equality Scheme’ has been developed to give further momentum to the University’s equality and diversity agenda, and supersedes the pre-existing policies: • • • • • • Equality and Diversity Policy Race Equality Policy Disability Equality Scheme Gender Equality Scheme Guidelines on Religion or Belief Guidelines on Sexual Orientation The Single Equality Action Plan was drawn up to try to achieve a holistic approach to equality and diversity, and includes actions on all six equality strands (age, disability, gender, race, religion or belief, sexual orientation). The advent of the Single Equality Act 2010 prompted Warwick to revise its policies, and more work on implementation of the final Act is planned for the next couple of months. Extensive consultation was undertaken with staff/students/Trade Unions and users of the University’s services/facilities (for details see Appendix D in the link below). The results of the consultation highlighted a number of areas that are included in our Action Plan as they are still work-in-progress, including flexible working, career progression and support for parents. The launch of the new Single Equality Scheme was communicated to staff via inboxinsite (email), CommUnicate Newsletter (widely distributed across campus and available on the University web pages). http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/equalops/singleequalityscheme/ Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 3 (ii) Equal Opportunities As mentioned in (i) above, all equal opportunities strands have been incorporated into the Single Equality Scheme. All University policies and procedures undergo an equality impact assessment (EIA), which examines policies, practices or procedures that may have a differential or adverse impact on a specific group within the University’s populations of staff and students. Warwick has an Equality and Diversity (E&D) Network Group, membership of which is open to all members of staff. This group meets each term and feeds relevant issues to the University E&D Committee for action. As well as an extensive E&D website, Warwick uses a variety of channels to communicate E&D issues, including: E&D training modules; ‘Windows on Warwick’ sessions; hard copies of E&D leaflets in recruitment packs; paper and web-based induction material; and also bespoke briefing sessions for Departments on request. In addition, we have two e-learning modules (Diversity in the Workplace and Recruitment and Selection) aimed at supporting staff to carry out their roles within the University and ensure both the institution and individuals comply with legislation. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/equalops/ (iii) Guidelines on Flexible Working The University recognises the benefits of being able to support a flexible workforce in terms of recruitment, retention and performance of staff, and has Guidelines on Flexible Working which are aimed at assisting employees to balance their work and personal lives. The Guidelines are available on Warwick’s website, and give a comprehensive list of the types of flexible working that might be considered, e.g. flexitime schemes, part-time, term-time, condensed hours and job sharing. Examples of all these modus operandi may be found in SET departments. Case studies written by staff working flexible hours are also highlighted on the web. Information on flexible working is given in induction material, and as part of the literature provided at appointment stage. The University does not centrally monitor the uptake of flexible working requests, as these are dealt with departmentally so operational issues can be assessed. The University can report on percentages of part-time versus full-time staff. Very often a flexible working request may be about working patterns rather than a change to hours and any such changes are agreed at departmental level. Training sessions are available on work life balance through the Learning and Development Centre. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/fwg/ Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 4 (iv) Dignity at Work and Study Policy (replaced Bullying and Harassment Policy) In June 2009 the University launched a ‘Dignity at Work and Study Policy’ for staff and students. Warwick’s approach to tackling harassment and bullying is by emphasising positive behaviour and ensuring that all staff are aware of the responsibilities they have to challenge inappropriate behaviour whenever it is observed. This policy is communicated to staff at appointment in induction material and significant advertising took place when the policy was introduced. Workshops and briefing sessions for staff and students took place supported by a series of events across campus on ‘Ban Bullying Day’. A number of staff, representing all staff categories and job roles, have been trained to act as ‘Dignity Contacts’ offering a confidential listening service to staff who believe they have been affected by inappropriate behaviour. Members of staff choose any Contact from the list of trained people, and may approach them directly. The norm is that such issues are first raised within departments. The first phase is to discuss the situation with all parties informally. A formal process has been established should this be deemed necessary. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/dignity/ (v) Maternity/Parental/Adoption/Paternity Leave Policies Information on Maternity/Paternity/Parental and Adoption leave is available on the University’s website. Documentation is also included in new employee packs and at induction events. Each department has an identified HR Advisor, who can be contacted for further information and advice, as well as administrators within individual departments. Staff are encouraged to take leave as appropriate for their situation. Warwick offers staff on such leave, Keep In Touch Days (KIT). These days are not compulsory but are aimed at enabling staff to keep in touch with the University/department whilst on leave. KIT days may be used for such things as training on new equipment or processes or to help staff ease themselves back into the work environment. KIT days are agreed between the individual and their department. Particular documents may be found at: Maternity Leave http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/maternity Paternity http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/paternity Parental Leave http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/parental_leave Adoption Leave http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/adoption Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 5 (vi) Training and Development Policies Warwick recognises that staff may require development in order to fulfil their potential in their chosen career paths. Warwick has a dedicated Learning and Development Centre (LDC), offering a wide range of courses. Particular emphasis is placed on postdoctoral researchers and probationary academic staff. Programmes such as Warwick Leadership Programme and Warwick Administrative Management Programme have been developed to support more senior staff. Technical and skills-based training is usually provided in departments. LDC is particularly proud of the range of courses, both accredited and unaccredited, offered to postdoctoral staff to enhance their career development and transferable skills. All of the in-house courses are free to departments and bespoke training is arranged on request. Email notifications are sent to departments weekly to publicise courses. Departmental administrators and forum groups ensure that information is cascaded to relevant staff. The University implemented a single Annual Review process in 2009 to ensure all staff benefit from a review of their performance and development needs. The Annual Review provides an opportunity to discuss roles, performance, achievements, objectives for the coming year, training and development, and career aspirations. Staff in the LDC work with departments to try to accommodate training requirements identified during the reviews. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/LDC (vii) Work-Life Balance Policy Work-life balance is addressed in the Flexible Working Guidelines. The LDC offers courses to all staff on work-life balance issues. There are also courses offered by the Safety and Occupational Health Services Centre – see link below: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/safety/hs_training/ Whilst it is recognised that a successful academic career is not a regular ‘9 to 5’ job, the Athena Self Assessment Group (SAG) will continue to investigate and develop ways to support colleagues to achieve the success to which they aspire in their careers, whilst at the same time maintaining a healthy balance between work and home life. As well as the Career Break Policy (see below), academic and research staff with the appropriate length of service may apply for Study Leave, which may be used to take a break from teaching and administrative duties, leaving time to perform more research, write grant applications or produce papers/books. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/gov/calendar/section2/regulations/leave/ The University also has schemes for Unpaid Leave, Dependent Care Leave and Compassionate Leave, for which all categories of staff are eligible. (viii) Equal Pay Reviews and Action Plans Warwick has not undertaken a recent equal pay review. However, an audit before and after the implementation of the single pay spine (Framework Agreement) in 2006 showed no adverse impact on any sub-group of staff as a result of the changes. The Single Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 6 Equality Act 2010 will more clearly dictate the requirements of the Equal Pay Audit process and Warwick will plan accordingly when more guidance is given. (ix) Other Relevant Policies and Procedures (a) Career Break Policy Warwick is committed to developing policies that support all staff at all stages of their careers. The University acknowledges that it can be beneficial to both employees and employers to allow for periods of unpaid leave from work and to this end has developed the ‘Career Break Scheme’ to help employees strike a balance between paid work and personal life. Career breaks are taken for a variety of reasons including study, travel, childcare/eldercare responsibilities, personal interests, or simply to have a break from paid employment. The aims of this policy are to attract and retain staff by demonstrating a commitment to their long term career and personal development, to reduce the number of leavers and to contribute to work-life balance. When launched, the Career Break Scheme was communicated to staff through the University Newsletter, CommUnicate, inbox-insite, and the website. As part of the longer term, the Athena SWAN SAG will continue discussions on how to help academic staff reintegrate back into their careers after a break. The career/family trade off is recognised as one of the most significant barriers to career progression that women may encounter; Warwick will work proactively to continue to instigate realistic initiatives in this area. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/careerbreak (b) Staff Survey – PULSE Warwick has an annual Staff Survey called PULSE. This survey is commissioned through an independent research consultancy and the University is presented with an anonymised report. The survey results help the University to focus improvements on areas that really matter to staff. It gives staff an opportunity to share their views on working at Warwick and to highlight areas or issues where things could be improved. The results from each survey are published and departments and a central PULSE Action Team are able to identify and start work on implementing both departmental and university-wide actions. The results of the 2010 PULSE survey have recently been received, but unfortunately not in time to impact on this application. However, once the results have been analysed, any issues highlighted will be discussed at the next Self Assessment Group Meeting, which will continue to have regular termly meetings to monitor progress on the Athena Action Plan. Any Equality and Diversity issues arising from PULSE will also be considered by the University’s Equality and Diversity Committee for inclusion in the University’s Single Equality Plan. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 7 (c) Equality & Diversity Network The Equality & Diversity Network is a forum open to all University staff for the discussion of equality and diversity issues. Staff are invited to attend and make a contribution to ensure Warwick is a positive working environment for all. (d) Promotion Procedures All academic promotion procedures are listed on the Human Resources website with clear guidance for managers and staff on how to engage in the process. Non academic staff promotion is considered through job evaluation processes and guidance is also available for this approach. In general the process works well. Academic, Research and Teaching staff are usually encouraged to apply for promotion from within their departments. Procedures are clearly identified for those staff who feel they wish to apply for promotion when their department is not supportive. However, the Self Assessment Group through feedback from individual Athena Focus groups have cited promotion criteria on the Athena Action Plan. Staff have requested more information at local departmental level, as well as clearer procedures within departments on how to be put forward for promotion. In addition, consideration of how to link the Annual Review process with the promotions process will be given. 3. Baseline gender data and analysis Provide data for the past three years (including clearly labelled graphical illustrations where possible) on the data sets listed below. Then evaluate and comment on the trends, drawing out noteworthy points (maximum of 200 words per question). (i) Female:male ratio of academic staff at each grade For researcher, lecturer, senior lecturer, reader, professor (or equivalent) – across the whole institution and in SET departments. Comment on the main areas of concern on gender balance and how you plan to address them. For example, is there evidence that women and men are appropriately represented at all levels of the workforce? Are there differences in SET departments? Table 3-1 shows male and female researchers and academics across Warwick as a function of grade across all faculties for three years. Figure 3-1 shows these data as a function of time, which is not a significant variable. The proportion of women decreases approximately linearly with grade, though the 8 to 9 (usually Associate Professor to Professor) transition is noticeably worse for women than men. From Figure 3-2 it is apparent that Grade 6 (usually post doctoral researchers, PDRs) is largest for women, followed by grade 8. The dominant grades for men are 8 and 9 with fractionally more men in grade 8 than 9. Table 3-2 and Figures 3-3 and 3-4 are for SET departments. The SET picture is similar but with a smaller percentage of women. The relative percentages decrease for women in SET as the grade increases. The grades 6 to 7 and 8 to 9 decreases in the proportion of women (Figure 3-4) are of most concern. They indicate the relative retention of women at the PDR to academic step is less positive than for men as well as promotion to professor being less common. These concerns have fed into our action plan. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 8 Table 3-1: Numbers of male and female research and academic staff and the corresponding proportions across the University of Warwick as snap-shots at end of July in 2007, 2008 and 2009. Staff type 31/07/07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total M Staff type 31/07/08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total M Staff type 31/07/09 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total M 45 64 222 196 337 284 1148 51 68 240 212 322 307 1200 53 53 268 203 339 305 1221 F 15 94 194 136 169 64 672 F 19 88 210 137 181 71 706 F 25 71 213 129 188 70 696 Total 60 158 416 332 506 348 1820 Total 70 156 450 349 503 378 1906 Total 78 124 481 332 527 375 1917 Proportion M 0.75 0.41 0.53 0.59 0.67 0.82 0.63 Proportion F 0.25 0.59 0.47 0.41 0.33 0.18 0.37 Proportion M 0.73 0.44 0.53 0.61 0.64 0.81 0.63 Proportion F 0.27 0.56 0.47 0.39 0.36 0.19 0.37 Proportion M 0.68 0.43 0.56 0.61 0.64 0.81 0.64 Proportion F 0.32 0.57 0.44 0.39 0.36 0.19 0.36 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 9 Figure 3-1: The proportion of staff that are female in each of Grades clinical and 5–9 for the whole university population. Data for 2007, 2008 and 2009 are plotted as separate bars though there is no time trend evident. The proportion of male employees are 1 minus the female proportion. Data were taken from Table 3-1. Figure 3-2: The proportion of male/female researchers and academic employees as a function of total number of males/females at these grades. Data were taken from Table 3-1. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 10 Table 3-2: Numbers of male and female research and academic staff and the corresponding proportions across SET departments at the University of Warwick as snap-shots at end of July in 2007, 2008 and 2009. Staff type 31/07/07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total Total 60 94 312 178 224 150 1018 Proportion M 0.75 0.41 0.59 0.67 0.82 0.88 0.69 Proportion F 0.25 0.59 0.41 0.33 0.18 0.12 0.31 M 45 39 184 120 183 132 703 F 15 55 128 58 41 18 315 Staff type 31/07/08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total M 51 40 200 124 175 138 728 F 19 54 147 58 42 21 341 Total 70 94 347 182 217 159 1069 Proportion M 0.73 0.43 0.58 0.68 0.81 0.87 0.68 Proportion F 0.27 0.57 0.42 0.32 0.19 0.13 0.32 Staff type 31/07/09 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total M 53 31 212 119 182 140 737 F 25 46 134 62 50 23 340 Total 78 77 346 181 232 163 1077 Proportion M 0.68 0.40 0.61 0.66 0.78 0.86 0.68 Proportion F 0.32 0.60 0.39 0.34 0.22 0.14 0.32 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 11 Figure 3-3: The proportion of staff that are female in each of Grades clinical and 5–9 for the SET departments. Data for 2007, 2008 and 2009 are plotted as separate bars though there is no time trend evident. The proportion of male employees are 1 minus the female proportion. Data were taken from Table 3-2. Fewer female staff are in each grade except for grade 5 and the disparity increased with increasing grade. Figure 3-4: Solid bars are the proportion of male researchers and academic employees that are at each grade for 2007, 2008, 2009. Patterned bars are the proportion of female researchers and academic employees that are at each grade for 2007, 2008, 2009. Data were taken from Table 3-2. The highest proportion of female staff is at grade 6. Grade 7 are similar. Of the female population fewer have made it to the higher levels than men. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 12 (ii) Female:male ratio of Heads of School/Faculty/Department Across the whole institution and in SET departments. Comment on the main areas of concern and achievement and how you plan to address them. For example, are women and men appropriately represented at this level? Are there any differences in SET departments? As summarized in Table 3-3, less than one third of University heads of department are female and just over 20% of SET heads of department are female. These percentages are slightly better than one might expect from the proportion of higher grade staff who are female (see Figures 3-1 – 3-4). In terms of role models and the contribution of women to academic leadership it would be advantageous to have more female heads of department both SET and non-SET. However, a larger population of female higher graded staff is needed to make this a realistic target. Table 3-3: Numbers of current male and female heads of department across Warwick and in SET departments across the University of Warwick. F M Total Proportion Proportion of Male of Female University 10 23 33 0.70 0.30 SET 3 11 14 0.79 0.21 (iii) Female:male ratio of academic staff job application and success rates Across the whole institution and in SET departments. Comment on any implications of this for the institution and how you plan to address any disparities. For example, are women and men equally successful at all stages of the job application process? Are there differences in SET departments? Table 3-4 gives the data on applicants to positions across the university by grade and Table 3-5 the corresponding data for SET departments. The data are summarised Figures 3-5 and 3-6. The main conclusion to be drawn from the data on success rates of men and women at Warwick is that in general women were no less successful than men, but care must be taken at the higher grades as overall the numbers are so small that the proportion graphs can be misleading. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 13 Table 3-4: Numbers of male, female and unknown gender (due to gender blind application forms) applicants for different grades of research and academic staff posts in the university as a whole over the last three academic years. Applicants 2006-07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Other Total F M 39 71 424 307 83 76 416 1416 Successful U 93 51 804 912 271 188 641 2960 Total 10 0 63 77 23 26 84 283 F 142 122 1291 1296 377 290 1141 4659 M 4 8 39 14 9 5 37 116 9 1 49 41 11 19 48 178 Applicants 2007-08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Other Total F M 19 120 462 287 100 16 249 1253 Total 6 4 69 44 18 8 20 169 F 67 238 1464 774 246 84 638 3511 M 3 9 46 14 4 1 29 106 F M 32 164 573 288 63 18 126 1264 U Total 5 9 78 69 19 11 17 208 88 368 1911 1066 225 100 438 4196 F M 10 11 46 19 7 2 6 101 Total 2 0 5 1 0 0 2 10 U 6 11 114 23 3 7 8 172 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 14 9 90 59 22 27 91 312 12 17 123 44 11 8 57 272 Successful U 51 195 1260 709 143 71 295 2724 1 0 2 4 2 3 6 18 7 8 72 29 7 7 26 156 Applicants 2008-09 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Other Total Total Successful U 42 114 933 443 128 60 369 2089 U Total 2 0 3 2 1 0 1 9 18 22 163 44 11 9 15 282 14 Figure 3-5: The proportion of successful research and academic female and male applicants across the University by grade (ignoring the unknown gender applicants) for the last three years. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 15 Table 3-5: Numbers of male, female and unknown applicants for different grades of research and academic staff posts in SET departments over the last three academic years. Applicants 2006-07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Other Research Total F M Successful U Total F M 155 54 767 487 239 35 40 4 144 121 64 54 245 135 1226 744 339 94 5 6 32 13 3 1 15 2 49 23 13 4 2 0 5 7 1 4 22 8 86 43 17 9 18 637 19 1756 17 444 54 2837 0 60 2 108 0 19 2 187 F M Successful U Total F M U 119 104 966 420 69 27 15 0 61 16 5 2 185 224 1507 526 87 36 6 11 54 6 1 2 14 5 75 27 7 2 3 0 2 2 0 0 23 16 131 35 8 4 2 763 22 1727 0 99 24 2589 0 80 1 131 0 7 1 218 F M Successful U Total F M U Total 32 142 266 56 12 4 51 126 797 115 51 44 5 3 48 12 4 10 88 271 1111 183 67 58 10 11 24 10 2 0 6 6 77 4 2 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 18 17 102 15 4 2 13 525 59 1243 2 84 74 1852 0 57 4 101 1 5 5 163 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk Total 51 120 480 90 13 7 Applicants 2008-09 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Other Research Total Total 50 77 315 136 36 5 Applicants 2007-08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Other Research Total U 16 Figure 3-6: The proportion of successful research and academic female and male applicants in SET departments by grade (ignoring the unknown gender applicants) for the last three years. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 17 (iv) Female:male ratio of academic staff promotion rates Across the institution and in SET departments. Comment on any implications of this for the institution and how you plan to address any disparities. For example, are men and women equally likely to be put forward? Are male and female applicants for promotion equally successful at all levels? Are there differences in SET departments? The promotion data is based on rather small numbers and it is therefore difficult to draw too many conclusions from it. The data in Table 3-6 and 3-7 is reflective of the academic year 2008/09. An ongoing longitudinal analysis is required to determine further conclusions, however, indications for the academic year 08/09 are that SET promotion applications from women were less successful than other departments. Table 3-6: Numbers of men and women recommended for promotion and actually promoted for Professorial, Associate Professor (Reader), Associate Professor and Principal Teaching Fellows for the academic year 2008/09. ALL POSITIONS SET Departments Other Departments UOW Recommended FEMALE MALE 5 14 10 15 17 31 Promoted FEMALE MALE 1 12 9 10 12 24 Proportions FEMALE MALE 0.20 0.86 0.90 0.67 0.71 0.77 Table 3-7 Numbers of men and women recommended for completion of probation and concomitant promotion to Associate Professor for the academic year 2008/09 ALL POSITIONS SET Departments Other Departments TOTALS (v) Recommended to Complete FEMALE MALE 3 10 12 15 19 29 Completed FEMALE MALE 2 7 9 11 15 22 Extended FEMALE MALE 1 2 3 4 5 7 Gender balance on the senior management team at university level. Comment on the numbers of men and women on the SMT and how you plan to address any disparity. The Vice-Chancellor retains a senior management team which advises him frequently on the strategic operation of the University. All members of the University’s senior management team serve in an ex officio capacity inclusive of the Vice-Chancellor, Deputy Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice-Chancellors (4), Registrar, Finance Director, Chair of the Board of Graduate Studies, Academic Registrar, and the Deputy Registrar, of which three (27%) are female. The University Steering Committee is a formal committee of the University, which meets on a weekly basis to manage the strategic and higher level operational activities of the Institution. It includes the senior management team plus the Chairs of the Boards of Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 18 Faculties, the Dean of the Business School and the President of the Students Union. Of the thirteen members of the Steering Committee, all of whom also serve in an ex officio capacity, three (23%) are female. The number of women involved at this level is low but reflects the academic female representation at grade 9 given above. There are also ten additional attendees to the Steering Committee, of which approximately 50% are female. (vi) Gender balance on influential committees at university level. Comment on the main areas of concern and how you plan to address them. For example, are women and men appropriately represented on senior decision-making committees? How do you avoid committee overload where numbers of women are small? How are vacancies filled and women encouraged onto committees, especially where turnover is low? Are the positions advertised? The two most influential committees of the University in addition to Steering are the Senate and the Council. Senate has a membership of 45, 30% of whom are female. To increase female representation on Senate, more women need to be encouraged to apply for vacancies. Council has a total membership of 31, of which 20% are female. Many University members serve in an ex officio capacity. Of the fifteen external lay appointments, 28% are female; increased from 14% in 2007. The University’s Nominations Committee looks for lay members with abilities, experience and qualities to match the needs of the work of the University Council and its committees accompanied by the desire to promote diversity of membership of the Council. Appointments to Faculty Board Chairs and Pro-Vice Chancellorships is now through internal advertisement and formal selection, providing a mechanism for all eligible candidates to be considered. As noted above, the University needs to further develop a pool of women with the desired skills, attributes and willingness to apply for these roles. Heads of Department are determined in the main through local departmental nomination followed by University ratification. Understanding the barriers to why women may not seek such roles requires further review. (vii) Female:male ratio of academic staff on fixed-term contracts vs. openended (permanent) contracts Across the whole institution and in SET departments. Comment on the implications of the gender balance for the institution and for women’s career development. For example, is there evidence that women are over-represented on fixed-term contracts? Are there differences in SET departments? The number of men and women on fixed-term contracts relative to open-ended contracts is given for the University in Table 3-8 and for SET departments in Table 3-9. These data are converted to proportions in Figure 3-8. A higher proportion of women than men in both the University and SET departments are on fixed-term compared with open-ended contracts. The reasons for this are not clear and may be related to the drop in women between grades 6 and 7 noted above (Figure 3-4), so may be indicative of women leaving earlier in their time on Grade 6 than the data of Figure 3-4 may at first sight suggest. This comment is based on the assumption that open-ended contracts are adopted by employees who have been longer at Warwick (i.e. more than four years). No Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 19 attempt has been made to analyse whether there is a difference between SET departments. This is noted on the action plan. Table 3-8: Numbers of men and women at different grades on open-ended contracts (OEC) and fixed-term contracts (FTC) across the University for the last three years. 2006-07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total 2007-08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total 2008-09 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total Male OEC 35 5 37 153 318 255 803 Male OEC 39 5 38 171 310 272 835 Male OEC 41 5 36 154 321 268 825 Female OEC 11 29 51 93 160 60 404 Female OEC 16 29 52 93 170 67 427 Female OEC 15 30 54 86 176 68 429 Total OEC 46 34 88 246 478 315 1207 Total OEC 55 34 90 264 480 339 1262 Total OEC 56 35 90 240 497 336 1254 Male FTC 10 59 185 43 19 29 345 Male FTC 12 63 202 41 12 35 365 Male FTC 12 48 232 49 18 37 396 Female FTC 4 65 143 43 9 4 268 Female FTC 3 59 158 44 11 4 279 Female FTC 10 41 159 43 12 2 267 Total FTC 14 124 328 86 28 33 613 Total FTC 15 122 360 85 23 39 644 Total FTC 22 89 391 92 30 39 663 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 20 Table 3-9: Numbers of men and women at different grades on open-ended contracts (OEC) and fixed-term contracts (FTC) in SET departments for the last three years. 2006-07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total Male OEC 35 4 32 89 170 118 448 Female OEC 11 22 29 40 40 18 160 Total OEC 46 26 61 129 210 136 608 Male FTC 10 35 152 31 9 14 251 Female FTC 4 33 99 18 1 0 155 Total FTC 14 68 251 49 10 14 406 2007-08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total Male OEC 39 4 34 95 169 125 466 Female OEC 16 20 34 43 42 21 176 Total OEC 55 24 68 138 211 146 642 Male FTC 12 36 166 29 6 13 262 Female FTC 3 34 113 15 0 0 165 Total FTC 15 70 279 44 6 13 427 2008-09 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total Male OEC 41 4 33 92 171 123 464 Female OEC 15 20 33 40 47 23 178 Total OEC 56 24 66 131 217 146 640 Male FTC 12 27 179 27 11 17 273 Female FTC 10 26 101 22 3 0 162 Total FTC 22 53 280 49 14 17 435 Figure 3-7: The proportion of men and women at different grades on open-ended contracts (OEC) versus fixed-term contracts (FTC) in the University (left) and SET departments (right) for the last three years. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 21 (viii) Female:male academic staff turnover rates by grade and maternity return rates Across the whole institution and in SET departments. What are the implications of this for the institution and how you plan to address any disparity? For example, are women and men equally likely to leave the institution (unplanned turnover of staff)? Are there any differences in SET departments? Are the reasons for leaving picked up in exit interviews? Comment on whether turnover affects recruitment and promotion. Table 3-10 gives data for maternity leave and non-return for the last three years. The numbers are small so it is difficult to make any conclusions. More leave of absence for child-care issues has been taken by women than men (Table 3-11). The paternity leave data (Table 3-12) perhaps indicate an increased uptake since its introduction. There are no obvious differences between SET and non-SET departments. The leavers (Tables 3-13 and 3-11, Figures 3-8 and 3-9) data must be considered along side staff data (Table 3-2). Across the University there is no apparent male/female difference. In the SET departments, Level 5 men are perhaps more likely to leave than women and higher level women are somewhat more likely to leave than the equivalent men. However, the data vary so much from year to year that it would be inadvisable to make any conclusions based on these data. We continue to monitor this. Overall most leavers are in Grade 6—correlating with fixed-term contract staff. From the data it is not possible to comment on the effects of turnover and recruitment. Anecdotally we know that some turnover is due to the fact that by moving Institution, promotion can come more quickly. Table 3-10: University of Warwick (UoW) and SET department maternity leave (ML) and return to work data for the last 3 years. Maternity Leave UoW 2007 UoW 2008 UoW 2009 SET 2007 SET 2008 SET 2009 32 33 42 10 14 23 Left before end of ML or within 3 months 5 8 7 1 3 4 Proportion of employees that left 0.16 0.24 0.17 0.1 0.21 0.17 Table 3-11: University of Warwick (UoW) and SET department leaves of absence specifically for child-care related issues Year 0607 0607 0708 0708 0809 0809 University of Warwick Number of Total no. Gender employees days M 0 0 F 1 1 M 0 0 F 2 15 M 3 5 F 2 10 SET departments Number of Total no. Gender employees days M 0 0 F 0 0 M 0 0 F 1 10 M 2 3 F 2 10 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 22 Table 3-12: University of Warwick (UoW) and SET department paternity leave and male academic head count for the last 3 years. 0607 0708 0809 Paternity Pay University SET 7 1 15 13 21 12 Male Academic Headcount on 31st July University SET 1205 745 1229 750 1250 764 Table 3-13: Number of people who left University of Warwick (UoW) by grade, gender, and year. 2006-07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total 2007-08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total Male 5 7 79 26 26 18 161 Male FTC 8 18 69 26 24 22 167 Female 4 11 44 15 19 3 96 Female FTC 3 25 60 15 14 3 120 Total 9 18 123 41 45 21 257 Total FTC 11 43 129 41 38 25 287 Proportion of leavers who were male 0.56 0.39 0.64 0.63 0.58 0.86 Proportion of leavers who were female 0.44 0.61 0.36 0.37 0.42 0.14 Proportion of M leavers from each category 0.03 0.04 0.49 0.16 0.16 0.11 1.00 Proportion of leavers who were male 0.73 0.42 0.53 0.63 0.63 0.88 Proportion of leavers who were female 0.27 0.58 0.47 0.37 0.37 0.12 Proportion of M leavers from each category 0.05 0.11 0.41 0.16 0.14 0.13 1.00 Proportion of F leavers from each category 0.03 0.21 0.50 0.13 0.12 0.03 1.00 Proportion of leavers who were female Proportion of M leavers from each category Proportion of F leavers from each category 2008-09 Male FTC Female FTC Total FTC Proportion of leavers who were male Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 5 32 80 15 21 4 29 63 18 12 9 61 143 33 33 0.56 0.52 0.56 0.45 0.64 0.44 0.48 0.44 0.55 0.36 0.03 0.18 0.46 0.09 0.12 0.03 0.22 0.48 0.14 0.09 Grade 9 Total 22 175 6 132 28 307 0.79 0.21 0.13 1.00 0.05 1.00 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk Proportion of F leavers from each category 0.04 0.11 0.46 0.16 0.20 0.03 1.00 23 Figure 3-8: Plots of proportions of the men/women who left the University who were in each grade for the last three years. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 24 Table 3-14: Number of people who left SET department by grade, gender, and year. 2006-07 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total 2007-08 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total 2008-09 Clinical Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Total Proportion of leavers who were male 0.56 0.43 0.71 0.77 0.58 0.86 Proportion of leavers who were female 0.44 0.57 0.29 0.23 0.42 0.14 Proportion of M leavers from each category 0.05 0.06 0.58 0.16 0.10 0.06 1.00 Proportion of F leavers from each category 0.08 0.16 0.49 0.10 0.16 0.02 1.00 Total FTC 11 24 86 25 6 8 160 Proportion of leavers who were male 0.73 0.58 0.63 0.80 1.00 1.00 0.69 Proportion of leavers who were female 0.27 0.42 0.37 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.32 Proportion of M leavers from each category 0.07 0.13 0.49 0.18 0.05 0.07 1.00 Proportion of F leavers from each category 0.06 0.20 0.63 0.12 0.00 0.00 1.00 5 16 65 9 7 Female FTC 4 13 42 4 0 Total FTC 9 29 107 13 7 Proportion of leavers who were male 0.56 0.55 0.61 0.69 1.00 Proportion of leavers who were female 0.44 0.45 0.39 0.31 0.00 Proportion of M leavers from each category 0.05 0.14 0.59 0.08 0.06 Proportion of F leavers from each category 0.06 0.21 0.67 0.06 0.00 9 111 0 63 9 174 1.00 0.00 0.08 1.00 0.00 1.00 Male FTC 5 6 61 17 11 6 106 Male FTC 8 14 54 20 6 8 110 Male FTC Female FTC 4 8 25 5 8 1 51 Female FTC 3 10 32 6 0 0 51 Total FTC 9 14 86 22 19 7 157 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 25 Figure 3-9: Plots of proportions of the men/women who left SET departments who were in each grade for the last three years. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 26 (ix) Evidence from equal pay audits/reviews Comment on the findings from your most recent equal pay audit and how you plan to address any disparities. As discussed above, we do not have any such data available but will collect it in the future in line with legislative requirements. (x) Female:male ratio of staff in the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) 2008 Across the whole institution and in SET departments. Comment on any implications of this for the institution. For example, does the gender balance of staff included in the RAE 2008 broadly reflect the gender balance across the institution? Are there any differences in SET departments? In preparation for the RAE the University produced and implemented an Equal Opportunity Code of Practice on Preparing RAE Submissions. This document set out the University’s equal opportunities procedures and the process for selecting staff for departmental submissions. Furthermore, E&D monitoring was undertaken during the process of preparing submissions and was considered by the RAE Steering Group. Table 3-15 gives the number of men and women entered into the 2008 RAE by SET department and total for SET departments and the University. Table 3-12 shows that there was no difference between the role of women in SET and non-SET departments. However, in each case a slightly higher proportion of eligible men were entered. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 27 Table 3-15: Number of men and women in SET department who were entered in the 2008 RAE. Institution and SET Gender Ratios RAE 2008 Department Biological Sciences Chemistry Computer Science Mathematics Physics Psychology School of Engineering School of Engineering Warwick Manufacturing Group Statistics Warwick HRI Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Institute Warwick Medical School, Health Sciences Research Institute Warwick Medical School, Institute of Clinical Education Warwick Medical School Total Institution Total SET Total Female entries 12 6 5 7 7 8 5 Male entries 51 35 28 82 53 15 52 Total 63 41 33 89 60 23 57 Male:Female Ratio 4.25 5.83 5.6 11.71 7.57 1.88 10.4 Proportion of females 19.05% 14.63% 15.15% 7.87% 11.67% 34.78% 8.77% Proportion of males 80.95% 85.37% 84.85% 92.13% 88.33% 65.22% 91.23% 3 7 5 23 23 34 26 30 39 7.67 3.29 6.8 11.54% 23.33% 12.82% 88.46% 76.67% 87.18% 8 32 40 4 20.00% 80.00% 16 17 33 1.06 48.48% 51.52% 2 26 323 117 0 49 852 494 2 75 1178 611 0 1.88 2.64 4.22 100.00% 34.67% 27.42% 19.15% 0.00% 65.33% 72.33% 80.85% Table 3-12: Women and men in the University and SET departments who were eligible and entered for the 2008 RAE. Participated Institution SET dept Eligible Institution SET dept Institution SET dept Female RAE entries 322 88 Female RAE entries 381 104 Male RAE entries 856 450 Male RAE entries 952 505 0.85 0.85 0.9 0.89 Total 1178 538 Total 1333 609 0.88 0.88 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 28 (xi) Other relevant data, e.g. results from staff surveys. Comment on any other data you have provided, detailing how you plan to address any gender disparities. As noted above the PULSE survey data has only just been received and has not as yet been analysed therefore it is not possible to use it in this document. The 2010 results will be considered in the coming months and included in action plans accordingly. 4. Supporting and advancing women’s careers Describe the following activities in your institution that are supportive to women’s career progression in your departments (maximum 300 words per section). (i) Career development training at key transition points Describe any additional support given to women at the key career transition points across the institution, and in departments, such as support for new lecturers or routes for promotion through teaching and learning. Are women encouraged to participate in conferences and attend other external events where there are opportunities for networking? Support for female postdoctoral researchers (PDRs) and academics operates at both departmental and institutional levels. After initial induction, the departmental level is usually informal with support and encouragement being provided to achieve external impact (if for no other reason than RAE/REF submissions). The Annual Review system aims to identify formal training needs. These are often met centrally by the Learning and Development Centre (LDC) which offers a range of courses, workshops and events to support development of academic and research staff http://go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/development/. Some LDC sessions are facilitated by senior female academics. LDC supports probationary lecturers through their required participation on the Postgraduate Certificate for Academic and Professional Practice (PCAPP). PCAPP requires participants to develop skills, knowledge and understanding in three key elements in an ‘academic profile’: Teaching and Learning; Research; and Academic Management as well as fostering intra-Warwick networking. http://go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/development/pcapp/. PDRs, as discussed in §2, may attend LDC courses only or may structure their career development more formally via the Post Graduate Certificate in Transferable Skills in Science. Development for postgraduates and PDRs who have teaching responsibilities is supported by the Postgraduate Introduction to Academic and Professional Practice (IAPP) programme. http://go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/development/pga/part_1/resources/ The Warwick Award for Teaching Excellence was established to recognise excellence in teaching. In 2008/09 there were ten awards, four to women. Promotion for academic staff may be via Teaching Excellence. http://go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/funding/wate The Warwick Leadership Programme enhances the leadership capability of heads of academic departments and senior managers in the University. It offers a nine-month Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 29 development programme tailored to the needs of individuals. Currently fifty percent of the participants are women. http:/go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/development/wlp/ The Athena application process has also opened up a dialogue between the departments and has helped to identify areas of best practice which will now be established across departments to help support women in their careers. (ii) Researcher career support and training Describe any additional support provided for researchers at the early stages of their careers, such as networks and training. Financed by Roberts’ Funds, Warwick launched the PG Certificate in Transferable Skills in Science (PGCTSS) as an accredited qualification in 2008 to enable students to be more effective in their PhD research and to enhance their ability to maximise their talents in their future careers. The course is compulsory for half the SET departments and optional for others; it currently has >300 PhD students working towards the Certificate. In 2010 an advanced stream was launched for PDRs (encouraged by the Athena process and discussions with PDRs) to provide an accredited structured vehicle for PDRs to get the mentoring they need to progress to the next stage of their careers. It includes optional modules in science communication, project management, commercialisation of research, team working etc. Link: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/pioneers/pgcts LDC has a dedicated staff development adviser for Early Career Research Staff who coordinates a programme offering development opportunities in five key areas: Research Management, Personal Effectiveness, Communication Skills, Networking & Team working and Career Management. http://go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/development/ . Early career researchers are encouraged to attend and present at ‘Window on Research’ events which provide an opportunity to develop a greater awareness of key research taking place across the University and to debate, discuss and share information on current issues. http://go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/development/wor. The Warwick Institute of Advanced Study (IAS) promotes collaborative research projects of international calibre. This remit includes enriching the research environment for Early Career Researchers, with programmes such as the Institute’s Early Career Vacation Research Schools. Each of the international researchers brought to Warwick facilitates in event(s) specifically orientated toward early career researchers. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/go/ias/ The University’s Careers Services has a dedicated adviser for Research Staff and offers training sessions, events and one-to-one consultations to support staff with their career planning, CV preparation and interview skills. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/careers/researchers/ Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 30 (iii) Flexible working Describe how eligibility for flexible and part-time working is advertised to staff and the overall uptake across the university. What training is provided for managers? How do you monitor the policy and how successful it has been? Information on the eligibility for flexible working is advertised to staff on the University website. Administrators in departments and HR advisors are able to advise staff who make requests for a change in work pattern. Currently the University does not centrally monitor the uptake on flexible working requests. Percentages of part time versus full time staff can be reported on, but very often a flexible working request may be about working patterns rather than changed hours and this is agreed within the employing department. It may also be adapted over time. The Flexible Working Guidelines are available on Warwick’s website, and give a comprehensive list of the types of flexible working that might be considered, e.g. flexitime schemes, part-time, term-time, condensed hours and job sharing. Examples of all these modus operandi may be found in departments. Case studies written by staff working flexible hours are also highlighted on the web. Information on flexible working is also given in induction material, and as part of the literature provided at appointment stage. Sessions on Work Life Balance by Human Resources and the Learning and Development Centre have taken place over the last year and more are planned for 2010. The Athena Self Assessment Group has put the monitoring and recording of statistics on the Action Plan. It is aware that currently data recording is not as efficient as it should be. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/fwg/ (iv) Parental leave (including maternity, parental, adoption and paternity leave) How many women are returning full-time and part-time? How is teaching and research covered during parental leave? What support is given after returning from parental leave or a career break? What funding is provided to departments to support returning staff? The Maternity Leave returns data for the last three years (Table 4-1) involves small numbers so no conclusion from them is really possible. SET departments seem to be in line with the rest of the University. Staff on maternity leave may avail themselves of ‘Keeping in Touch’ days which are managed locally. The main advantage of the scheme is that it officially says Warwick considers its staff on maternity leave still involved in the Warwick community and expects them back after their leave is completed. Probation is automatically extended for staff on maternity leave. Table 4-2 summarizes leave taken by staff explicitly for children-related issues. These data are almost meaningless as anecdotally we know most research and academic staff with children juggle work commitments around children, use annual leave, etc. to cover any crises (Parental Leave is unpaid). The number of male staff availing themselves of the two weeks paid Paternity Leave offered on the arrival of a child are shown in Table 4-3. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 31 All women returning after maternity leave have the right to discuss a change of working hours with their Head of Department, with some opting for part time hours, or compressed working hours. Whilst on maternity leave, staff accrue holiday entitlement and this can often be used to implement a phased return to work. The arrangements for this are usually managed locally within the department. Research work is often independent work and therefore difficult for someone else to cover whilst staff are on leave. However, teaching and administrative loads are distributed amongst existing staff or re-arranged to suit the leave period. In some cases additional teaching assistance will be brought in from other universities or provided by early career researchers. Funding may be available to departments for this. Table 4-1: Maternity return rates for the last three years for the University and SET departments. University 06/07 07/08 08/09 On Maternity Leave 32 33 42 Left whilst on 3 3 5 maternity leave Left within 3 months 2 5 2 of returning to work SET 06/07 07/08 08/09 On Maternity Leave 10 14 23 Left whilst on 0 1 3 maternity leave Left within 3 months 1 2 1 of returning to work Table 4-2: Days off taken by staff explicitly for parental leave. Year 0607 0607 0708 0708 0809 0809 University Gender M F M F M F Number employees 0 1 0 2 3 2 SET Total number days of 0 1 0 15 5 10 Gender M F M F M F Number employees 0 0 0 1 2 2 Total number days of 0 0 0 10 3 10 Table 4-3: The number of male staff availing themselves of the two weeks paid paternity leave offered. Year 0607 0708 0809 Paternity Pay University SET 7 1 15 13 21 12 Male Academic Headcount on 31st July University SET 1205 745 1229 750 1250 764 Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 32 (v) Mentoring and networking Describe any mentoring programmes, including any SET-specific mentoring programmes, and opportunities for networking. Comment on their uptake and effectiveness. Mentoring and networking are key aspects of supporting staff, particularly early career researchers, at Warwick. PDRs are assumed to be mentored by their supervisor. However, one reason for launching the PGCTSS for PDRs was recognition (during the Athena process) of the fact that often supervisors focus on science to the exclusion of career development. PDRs now have a tool to obtain mentoring from their supervisor or another academic. Newly appointed junior academics are required to have a departmental mentor who meets with them regularly to discuss their progress in addition to their registration on PCAPP. In addition, the University offers a confidential one-to-one coaching service to staff, enabling them to think through issues such as personal effectiveness, working relationships, work-life balance, and career development. A number of female academics from the SET departments have benefited from this. There is also a coaching and mentoring scheme, open to all staff, in which one member of staff acts as a coach or mentor to support the development or performance of another member of staff. Feedback on the scheme has been positive, and participants particularly value the opportunity to speak to an independent but supportive party who has good listening skills. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/ldc/coachmentor/wcm/ A coaching and mentoring scheme for researchers exists and is being further developed the Institute of Employment Research (IER) with a view to a wider roll out. The Research Staff Forum meets once a term, to share ideas and news on researcher development. University departments are invited to nominate a representative who attends the forum to discuss issues on behalf of colleagues. This group is represented on the University’s Research Committee by a female member of staff. http://go.warwick.ac.uk/ldc/researchers/forum. The Students Union has a Women’s Campaign Officer who organises meetings and events for female students, including recently ‘The International Women’s Day’. http://www.warwicksu.com/campaigns/womens/ (vi) Transparent workload models Describe the systems in place to ensure that work, including pastoral and administrative responsibilities, is allocated transparently and equitably. Workload models are dealt with on an ad hoc basis by individual departments in recognition of the differing demands of different disciplines, particularly laboratory-based versus theory-based departments. In general, Head of Departments, Directors of Studies and Heads of Sections meet to discuss teaching and administrative duties with their academic staff. All teaching and administrative duties are distributed as evenly as possible, taking into account that staff on probation (Assistant Professors) should not have a full teaching load. When the duties for the academic year have been assigned, notification of these are generally issued to staff and published on departmental web Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 33 pages, to ensure transparency. Good practice would be to include a copy of teaching and administrative duties in induction packs, which are issued to new members of academic staff. The Self Assessment Group has, however, identified that practice in communicating the workload models in departments differs considerably and it has therefore included this in the Action Plan to embed this requirement into departmental practices whilst still acknowledging subject-specific needs and practice. (vii) Work-life balance Describe the measures taken by your institution to ensure that meetings and other events are held during core hours and to discourage a long hours culture. As mentioned above in §2 and §4, Warwick offers a variety of flexible working schemes to enhance work life balance. All University committee meetings are organised in core hours to facilitate work life balance. Departments also try to follow this principle, but this is often difficult because of teaching responsibilities of staff together with University committee time-tablings. In general the approach taken is to give as much notice as possible for departmental meetings, so that if possible staff have ample notice and have time to make alternative arrangements. Further, consideration is given to the needs of specific individuals and meeting timings are changed from time to time. In this context it should be noted that, depending on the relevant community, meetings in non-core hours may be deemed far more appropriate than those in core hours. Most departmental agendas are flexible, so that people can be scheduled into a suitable time slot if that is necessary. (viii) Childcare Describe the institution’s childcare provision and how it is communicated to staff. What is the take up? How do you plan to address any shortfalls in provision? (a) Nurseries Warwick operates two nurseries for pre-school children at its two sites in Coventry and Wellesbourne. The main University Nursery occupies a new, purpose-built building opened in April 2009 and offers 78 places for children of staff and students, providing fullday care for children under the age of 5 years. Its 2008 Ofsted report was ‘Good’. The nursery can accommodate up to 30 babies under the age of 2 and 48 children between 2–5 years all is appropriate facilities with large garden areas. University employees are given information about the nursery in their recruitment packs and there is information on the nursery in the University prospectus which is issued to students. The nursery also has its own web site. The Departmental Focus Groups have led to the Action plan to consider more child caring facilities for school-aged children for school holidays, particularly halfterms which are core teaching times for SET departments. The Nursery has plans to develop a holiday ‘play scheme’ service for parents of school-aged children during school holidays. The third annual Mad Science holiday camp for children aged 5–12 will run this summer. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 34 http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/nursery The Seedlings Nursery, managed by Bright Horizons Family Solutions, is based on the Warwick HRI campus in Wellesbourne and can accommodate 41 children from 3 months to 5 years. Its 2010 Ofsted report was ‘Good’. (b) Employer Assisted Childcare Scheme The Employer Assisted Childcare Scheme is run for the University by an external provider, who undertakes all marketing, administration and support (other than salary adjustments) on the University’s behalf. The scheme provides childcare vouchers up to a maximum of £55 per week in return for sacrificing the equivalent amount of salary. The vouchers are non-taxable and exempt from national insurance and can be used on all registered and approved childcare providers. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/humanresources/newpolicies/childcare_sche me 5. Raising the profile of women Describe any activities in your institution that raise the profile of women in general and also help female staff to raise their own profile such as (maximum 500 words for all four sections): (i) Conferences, seminars, lectures, exhibitions and other events. (ii) Publicity materials, including the institution’s website or images used. (iii) Providing spokeswomen for internal and external media opportunities. (iv) Nominations to public bodies, professional bodies and for external prizes. Our policy is to support all academic staff to raise their profile. Senior staff monitor activity and effectiveness of all staff. Consideration is given to ensure that both women and men feature in any external or internal publicity activities. (i) Conferences, seminars, lectures, exhibitions and other events Academic staff are encouraged to attend conferences, give invited research seminars, to take part in exhibitions, school visits etc. All departments hold conferences, seminars and lectures, attracting national and international experts. These events are advertised in appropriate media and web pages. Organising committees for conferences are publicised and appropriate recognition given to local organisers. Academic staff record conference organisation in their Annual Reviews, Merit Pay forms or Senior Staff Review forms, and promotion applications. Warwick gives a number of Teaching Awards each year to celebrate excellence in teaching and the support of learning. The winners of these awards are publicised across the University and the award issued at the University Degree Congregations. Of the ten nominees for 09/10 academic year, three are female. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 35 The SAG has noted that Warwick does not make a coherent attempt to celebrate our successes in this area and is planning methods to address this including regular departmental newsletters. (ii) Publicity materials, including the institution’s website or images used All staff achievements are celebrated across the University, at both University and departmental level, by news items on the websites, intranet pages, departmental newsletters as well as the University Newsletter. All publicity material has the appropriate mix of gender/ethnic images, especially in the SET departments which are keen to show female role-models to the next generation. (iii) Providing spokeswomen opportunities for internal and external media Warwick has its own Communications Office, which actively promotes a number of women across the University as media spokespeople—not just because they are women—but because they are good at what they do. In particular the following women from the departments feature regularly—Professor Sandra Chapman (Physics), Professor Sarah Stewart-Brown (WMS), Professor Julie Macpherson (Chemistry) and Dr Rebecca Cain (WMG). However, both male and female staff are in general less willing to be spokes-people than is required for science education of the general public. We are working to encourage more staff, both women and men, to develop skills and contacts in this area. (iv) Nominations to public bodies, professional bodies and for external prizes Warwick women have been and are represented on a range of national and international bodies and have won various prizes. Women are on Professional Society Committees including Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Royal Statistical Society, British Computer Society etc. Recent medal winners include O'Reilly (RSC, Dalton Division Award, Medola Medal); Macpherson (RSC Marlow medal, International Young Scanned Probe Microscopist Award 1999); Cain (Challenging Engineering) etc. As appropriate, women are on international and national advisory groups such as Committee of Mathematical Sciences Bologna working group and the DTI Network Security Innovation Platform. The University’s externally funded Research Fellows comprise a high proportion of women. Female PhD and PDRs are well-represented amongst all poster and other competition winners at Warwick and externally. 6. Further-specific initiatives Describe any other -specific initiatives of special interest that have not been covered in the previous sections, including past initiatives that did not work and lessons learnt (maximum 250 words). Role models are extremely important for younger women to illustrate that it is possible for women to succeed in academia whilst balancing other commitments. Within local Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 36 departments, we try to ensure that women who have managed to juggle competing responsibilities are available and accessible to provide support and advice and highlight the fact that it is possible (though not necessarily easy). 7. The self-assessment process Describe the Self-Assessment Team members and the action planning process, including any consultation processes that were undertaken with staff (maximum 750 words in total). The Athena SWAN process has been supported at a senior University level through oversight by the University’s Steering Committee and the University’s Equality and Diversity Committee. The Athena SWAN Action Plan, once submitted, will be reviewed and incorporated where applicable into the University’s Single Equality Action Plan. The Equality and Diversity Committee are reviewing this as a result of its meeting of 24 May 2010. Professor Ann Caesar, Pro ViceChancellor will have oversight of the integration of this work. The Athena SWAN Self Assessment Group has been Chaired and supported personally by the Deputy Vice Chancellor, Professor Mark Smith (previously Pro-Vice Chancellor for Research) who is himself a Physicist with a particular interest in the development of SET departments. An Athena Steering Group was initially established in November 2009 to discuss plans on how to accumulate the necessary statistics and to have overall responsibility for putting the application together. The Steering Group consists of: Professor Alison Rodger (Professor of Chemistry and Director of the MOAC Doctoral Training Centre) Mrs Sandra Beaufoy (HR officer in Physics, involved in Juno award application) Mrs Wendy Coy (HR Manager in Warwick Medical School, member of Equality and Diversity Committee) Mrs Katharine Gray (Administrator in Chemistry) Ms Julia Strong (HR Manager for Science Faculty) Subsequently each SET department was asked to nominate a representative to serve on the Athena Self Assessment Group, to act as a communication channel between academic departments and the group, and to convene local departmental discussions in a discipline appropriate format. The SAG was complemented by members of academic and administrative departments to ensure representation of all research staff categories and relevant central administration units. The SAG consists of the following members whose profiles may be found from the University Athena SWAN web site: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/equalops/athena/ (password: warwickathena). Professor Mark Smith (Chair), Deputy Vice Chancellor Mrs Sandra Beaufoy, HR Administrator in Physics Dr Sue Burrows, Part-time Post Doctoral Research Associate in Physics Ms Georgina Copeland, PA to Head of Department, Mathematics Mr Manus Conaghan, Learning & Development Centre Mrs Wendy Coy, HR Manager, Warwick Medical School Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 37 Ms Faye Emery, Senior Administrative Officer, Department of Engineering Dr Miriam Gifford, Assistant Professor in Warwick HRI Dr Adam Johansen, Assistant Professor in Statistics Dr Sara Kalvala, Assistant Professor in Computer Science Mr Richard Moffatt, Administrator, Warwick Manufacturing Group Dr Naila Rabbani, Assistant Professor in Clinical Science Research, Warwick Medical School Professor Colin Robinson, Professor in Biological Sciences Ms Molly Rogers, Administrator in Psychology Professor Alison Rodger, Professor in Chemistry and Director of MOAC DTC (also Chair of Athena Steering Group) Mrs Christine Smith, Learning & Development Centre Mr James Smith, Research Support Services Professor Julie Staunton, Professor in Theoretical Physics Professor Margaret Thorogood, Professor of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School Professor Pat Unwin, Professor in Chemistry The SAG began by comparing practice within the SET departments with the agenda initiated by the Athena SWAN submission. This seeded a wider discussion of good practice and development of ideas. A web page was created to facilitate communication between SAG members. The primary focus was on accessing and commenting on the draft action plan and application. It also became a useful vehicle for developing new initiatives. The departmental representatives established gender-balanced Departmental Focus Groups consisting of a range of staff and students at different stages of their careers. These focus groups enabled wider engagement across the University. Staff in SET departments have engaged in the Athena SWAN process through departmental staff meetings. At University level, the University’s Steering Committee and Equality and Diversity Committee have been engaged and kept appraised of progress. Reports to Senate and Council have updated these groups. Expanding the debate is part of the action plan. Agenda and Minutes of SAG meetings are available from: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/equalops/athena/action/agenda/ 8. Action plan Provide an action plan as an appendix. This should be a table or a spreadsheet comprising plans to address the priorities identified by the data and within this application, the person responsible for each action and a timeline for completion. It should cover current initiatives and your aspirations for the next three years. See Appendix. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 38 9. Any other comments Please comment here on any other elements which you think relevant to the application, e.g. recent mergers between departments (maximum 250 words). The University continually reviews the sustainability (financial, intellectual, environmental) of all activities. The finances of the University are robust, but review processes identified the need for some change, one of the most significant being the creation of the School of Life Sciences (effective from 1st October 2010) from the Departments of Biological Sciences and WHRI. Both of these departments are SET departments and are undergoing restructuring to create the new School. Appropriate Equality Impact Assessments have been carried out and will continue to be updated as work progresses. The SAG have noted the impact of this period of change as being a factor in its ongoing work. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 39 SWAN Action Plan 2010 to 2013 This Action Plan is intended to guide the work of the SWAN Self Assessment Group over the period 2010 to 2013. Key areas for assessments 1. Review how best to promote female representation on University Committees 2. Female representation on departmental committees Actions Investigate whether due to the smaller numbers of senior female academic staff, the same individuals are over-burdened with committee duties. Review how Committee roles should be reflected in women’s promotion aspirations. Investigate ways of encouraging female academics to put themselves forward for wider University opportunities. Review the level of female representation on SET departmental committees e.g. promotion, management, and other committees where this is seen important internally by female members of staff. Accountability Senior University Management, Deputy Registrar’s Office (DRO), HR Progress To monitor usage of academic staff on committees. To support the DRO to ensure that committee memberships are representative. A wider pool of talented female academics available for University level engagement SET Departments, E&D Committee, HR, DRO Investigate ways of encouraging female academics to participate as a means of career development. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk Timescales 1–2 years 1–2 years To discuss with departments an appropriate gender balance on committees. In departments with no or few female academic staff—representation may need to be given from other departments. To develop a wider pool of female academic talent represented at departmental level to assist career development. 40 3. Promotion Criteria To review the longitudinal data for promotions in SET departments and to determine any generic reasons or underlying development needs regarding why promotion recommendations may not have been successful. ASC, HR, Local SET Promotions Committees 1 year Departments to be encouraged to have promotion committee structure and process available on intranet pages. Case studies would be useful tools to highlight success cases. To put in place any local development opportunities and / or mentoring to support career development and to ensure that female staff understand how to prepare themselves for promotion at the appropriate time. Formalise support for postdoctoral research promotion. Ensure that the application of promotion criteria to part-time staff is understood locally. 4. Credit for collaborative work at all levels 5. Part time working Enable a greater local understanding of the promotions process by clearer dissemination of University and SET Departmental expectations. Ascertain how Academic Staff Committee currently gives credit to academic staff working on collaborative work e.g. Credit for publications Credit for research grants Credit for administration and teaching and to ensure this is understood locally and to revise the processes locally and centrally if necessary. Consider how to balance ‘fixed and variable’ contributions from part-time staff—i.e. quantity of output versus accomplishment of a category of task. Senior University Management, HR, SET Departments 1–2 years To discuss at University and Departmental level. HR, SET Departments 1–2 years To investigate how this is currently measured. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 41 6. Transparent work load models Ensure that the workload model in SET departments is transparent and communicated effectively. SET Departments 1 year Good practices already exists in some departments and will be communicated to other SET departments. Senior University Management, HR, LDC, SET Departments, Research Staff Forum 1 year Work on role of PG certificate in Transferable skills as a guided mentoring programme. Embed transparency of workload models into departmental practices whilst still acknowledging subject-specific needs. 7. Post doctoral researchers role at Warwick Such information to be included in induction packs. Set up local structures so postdoctoral researchers feel supported and mentored at an exciting but insecure time of their career. Support departmental initiatives to develop postdoctoral researchers. Research exchange—utilizing Departmental Research Staff Forums to share best practice and as a Networking mechanism. Share best practice between departments. Consider how postdoctoral researchers should be represented on the Science faculty research committee. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 42 8. Mentoring encouraged for all staff Formalise local mentoring processes, investigate making training for mentors mandatory and determine an appropriate formal monitoring process. SET Departments, HR, LDC 1 year Some departments already operate best practice in monitoring fixed term contracts and offering six-month career review meetings. This best practice needs to be formalised across all departments. SET Departments, HR, LDC SET Departments 1 year Discussions with LDC and Chair of Equal Opportunities Committee already underway. 1 year Some SET departments already starting to ensure greater numbers of women give departmental seminars. Review mentoring at various levels within SET departments by: Investigating the effectiveness of existing mentoring arrangements for staff on probation through local SET probation committees. 9. Warwick Leadership Programme 10. Role models Reviewing the opportunity of supporting mid career staff with a professorial mentor of their choice. Encouraging Professorial staff to have a co-mentoring relationship. To investigate the option of a Women-only Leadership Programme with LDC to look at gender specific challenges in management. Develop strategies to create and bring forward role models in areas where female representation is less by e.g. reviewing departmental seminar programmes. Departments to encourage women to network locally, nationally and internationally. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 43 11. Training and support for women 12. Child care facilities/assistance Integrate into annual review process a particular emphasis on career development for the next step particularly for women, e.g. Warwick Leadership programme, experiential development. Review how to provide more assistance for working parents with school aged children (4–14 yrs) during school holiday periods and promote any actions under the University’s work life balance approach. L&DC, HR, SET Departments 1 year Review what departments? Nursery – Debbie Castle, DRO, HR 1 year ongoing - 1 year ongoing 14. External and internal Ensure that both women and men continue to feature in any external and internal SET publicity activities to ensure representative balance. Ensure all results and successes are in departmental newsletters and web pages. University Publicity Office, SET Departments 1 year, but ongoing All SET departments 1 year Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk in Consultations already begun with LDC to incorporate gender-related issues into the Annual Review training. Discussions on developing a holiday ‘play scheme’ service for parents of school aged Investigate what other universities offer. All SET departments teaching excellence offered children during the school holiday periods. Develop SET Department Open Days which particularly target female candidates. 15. Celebrate successes in currently Articulate what career development to take the next step could look like with underpinning options for development. 13. Outreach work publicity is – More schemes at reasonable costs are required. Discussions with Departments on the feasibility of holding specific open days/workshops for female students. To provide adequate public speaking training to academic staff to enhance their profiles. Ensure departments of winners publicise successes appropriately noting the wishes of individuals. 44 16. Options for variable work patterns 17. University Staff Survey – PULSE 18. Developing more media spokes-people 19. Information availability 20. Health and Safety 21. Bullying and Harassment Review the local application of opportunities for variable work patterns in SET Departments and what may be alternative options e.g. short-term part-time work for Postdoctoral researchers and permanent staff. Consider the results of the 2010 Annual Survey and update action plan accordingly in conjunction with local SET Departmental PULSE Action Plans. Advertise LDC and PGCTSS Science Communication courses across SET departments. Offer departmental courses in science communication. Involve the Communications Office in this. Ensure information is locally available and understood about e.g. maternity cover for people on various short-term contracts. SET departments, HR 1 year SET departments, SAG, HR 1 year ongoing LDC and MOAC Doctoral Training Centre. 1 year To encourage staff to take all available opportunities and to recognise efforts departmentally and centrally. RSS, HR 6 months Ensure appropriate H&S information is readily available to all staff e.g. to ensure that information for pregnant women in SET departments reflects the impact of SET roles. To make available an on-line safety induction package to complement other central and induction activities. To refresh and reinforce the information and advice on the process of reporting and dealing with B&H incidents and to publicise the Dignity at Work contacts for SET departments. Health & Safety Office, HR, Departments 1 year To ensure transparency of information, especially with regard to staff being funded by research agencies. University to discuss these issues with funding agencies when negotiating funding contracts. To find effective ways to communicate H&S information to ALL staff. – To address any issues highlighted from the staff survey. To work with the Safety Office to ensure web sites are clear, concise and easy to navigate. All Staff, HR Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk To discuss with departments to what extent this is required and how to implement it. 6 months – ongoing To effectively communicate the B&H reporting process. To continue to embed into the culture of the University that B&H will not be tolerated. 45 22. Promotion information 23. Collection of SET data 24. Data for fixed-term versus open-ended contracts by department 25. Flexible working 26. Audit policies Publicise and communicate the promotion criteria and how to be put forward for promotion in each SET department to assist career development and planning. Request the University to review whether data on staff and students can be monitored and available from a central source. To improve data collection. Request that data on fixed-term versus openended contracts by department be monitored and available from a central source in a format to meet the needs of SET departments. To improve data collection. To review the feasibility of the University recording statistics on up-take of flexible working with cooperation from departments who agree to flexible working requests. To ensure information is readily available on a range of flexible working opportunities. To support an equal pay audit as and when the University has determined its obligations under the Single Equality Act SET Depts, HR 1 year Departmental Forum Groups to discuss with Heads of Departments & Departmental Promotion Committees. HR, Office 1 year Discussions to be held to request that statistical data be held in a central records office, rather than by various sources in different locations across campus. Discussions to be held to request that statistical data be held in a central records office, rather than by various sources in different locations across campus. Academic HR, 1 year HR, Departments 1–3 years To examine current monitoring practices—to open more dialogue between the University administration and departments. Senior University Management 1–3 years The Single Equality Act 2010 will more clearly dictate the requirements of the Equal Pay Audit process and Warwick will plan accordingly when more guidance is given. HR To have a local exit interview process to gather data specific to SET departments on retention and the effectiveness of people strategies. Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 46 27. Support departments in preparing Athena submissions Provide advice and support to departments for their individual submissions. SWAN Self Assessment Group Expand the knowledge of the work of the Athena SWAN Group and disseminate information more widely. 1–3 years Physics eligible for Silver Athena (re: JUNO). Chemistry applying for their Silver award. Other departments being encouraged to work on their submissions. Integrate the generic themes of the SWAN plan into the University’s Single Equality Plan Warwick Athena SWAN Bronze award form www.athenaswan.org.uk 47